Stafne Bone Defect Research Articles

Lingual mandibular bone defect: imaging features in panoramic radiograph, multislice computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

Stafne bone defect or mandibular bone depression is defined as a bone developmental defect usually filled with soft or salivary gland tissue. Lingual posterior variant incidence is less than 0.5%. We reported a case of an 80 years old Asian female asymptomatic patient who underwent routine panoramic radiographic examination and a radiolucent area in mandible was noticed as an incidental finding, with an initial provisional diagnosis of traumatic bone cyst, aneurysmal bone cyst and lingual mandibular bone defect. The patient was then referred to multislice computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Computed tomography showed a hypodense area with discontinuity in mandible base. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a hyperintense image eroding mandibular body in contact with submandibular gland, which corresponded to fatty tissue and due to these imaging findings, the final diagnosis was lingual mandibular bone defect. Although the defect is a benign lesion and interventional treatment is not necessary, radiolucencies in mandible should be detailed investigated, due to their radiographic features that can resemble to other intrabony lesions. Imaging examinations can provide great defect details, especially magnetic resonance imaging, which can allow the identification of glandular tissue continuity to the mandibular defect.KeywordsBone cysts; Salivary glands; Magnetic resonance imaging; Computed tomography; Panoramic radiography.

Stafne bone defects radiographic features in panoramic radiographs: Assessment of 91 cases.

BackgroundTo evaluate 91 cases of Stafne bone defect (SBD) in panoramic radiographs (PR) to determine the prevalence of different SBD variants, considering age, gender, and side. Additionally, to assess the most frequent imaging features of SBD.Material and MethodsParticipant data were collected from 91 SBD cases with PR imaging. First, SBDs were classified according to their location, as anterior, posterior, or ramus variant. SBD imaging features were classified according to radiographic imaging findings, assessing margins, degree of internal radiolucency, shape, topographic relationship between the defect and mandibular border, location of the defect according to mandibular teeth, and locularity. The topographic relationship between the SBD and the mandibular canal was described for the inferior variant only. Mean sizes were also described.ResultsA total of 92 SBD cases were evaluated from 91 radiographs. One case presented multiple defects. Mean patient age was 60.80 years. Men were more affected than women. The most frequent SBD variant was the posterior variant, and the least frequent was the ramus variant. The most observed radiographic features were thick sclerotic bone margin in the entire contour of the defect, partially radiolucent internal content, oval shape, continuity with mandible base without discontinuity of mandible border, third molar region location, and unilocular shape. With the posterior variant only, the most common topographic relationship between the defect and the upper wall of the mandibular canal was the defect located below the upper wall and continuous with the inferior wall of the mandibular canal.ConclusionsThe knowledge of common SBD radiographic imaging features in PR can help dental practitioners with the differential diagnosis of SBD. Key words:Panoramic radiograph, mandible, bone cysts, salivary glands, Stafne bone defect.

Stafne bone defect in anterior mandible

Backround/Aim: Stafne bone cavity which is also known as lingual mandibular bone defect is generally seen in the posterior region of the mandible. Stafne bone defects of the anterior mandible are very rare, with around 50 cases reported in the English literature. They are generally asymptomatic and incidental lesion findings may be diagnosed during a radiographic examination. Case Report: A 59 year-old female patient was examined for dental complaints. Panoramic radiography revealed a unilocular lesion at the left incisor- premolar area. Dental volumetric tomography scans showed a concavity at the lingual side of the related area. Magnetic resonance imaging was suggested for possible soft tissue pathology and, depending on MRI finding, the cavity was initially diagnosed as Stafne bone defect. Conclusion: The aim of this case report is to describe an unusually located Stafne bone cavity with special emphasis to the need of using special imaging modalities.

KONİK IŞINLI BİLGİSAYARLI TOMOGRAFİ KULLANARAK STAFNE KEMİK KAVİTELERİNİN PREVALANSININ VE ÖZELLİKLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI: RETROSPEKTİF BİR ÇALIŞMA

Objective : Stafne bone defects (SBDs) are asymptomatic radiolucent cavities usually located between mandibular angle and the third molar, below the inferior alveolar canal and above the basis of the mandible. The aim of this retrospective study is to estimate the frequency, age and sex distrubution and types of SBDs from Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images of 169 subjects. Material and Methods : CBCT images between the years 2014 and 2016 were obtained in Bolu Izzet Baysal University, Dentistry Faculty by using I-CAT 3D Imaging System from 169 subjects and analysed by one observer by utilizing axial, sagittal, cross-sectional, panoramic images and 3D reconstructions. Results : Results of this study showed that SBDs frequency was 3.5% with the mean age of 51. Detected SBDs patients were all male. All cases were asymptomatic and unilateral. Conclusion : Although the radiological appearance of the SBDs is usually pathognomonic, in indeterminate cases 3 dimensional examination as CBCT is recommended.

STAFNE BONE DEFECT IN ANTERIOR REGION - REPORT CASE

The Stafne bone defect is an asymptomatic condition of controversial etiology characterized by an anatomic depression caused by the inclusion of soft tissue in the bone structure during the development phase. Radiographically, this condition presents with well-defined radiolucent aspect, located often in the posterior lingual mandible and, in rare cases, involving the anterior-lingual mandible, being related to the sublingual salivary gland. In this paper is reported the case of a patient who would be submitted to dental rehabilitation and was referred by a dentist for evaluation of a mandibular lesion in the anterior region. A CT scan was requested, which revealed an aspect compatible with Stafne bone cyst. The patient was released for treatment and is under follow-up for imaginologic monitoring.

STAFNE BONE DEFECT IN A PRE-LIVER TRANSPLANT PATIENT: RADIOGRAPHIC, COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC, AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE FINDINGS

Herein we report on a Stafne bone defect in a pre-liver transplant patient. An asymptomatic 48-year-old male patient was referred for dental treatment before liver transplantation. Physical exam did not show any oral abnormalities. However, routine panoramic radiography showed a well-defined radiolucent cystic-like image in the posterior mandible. Cone beam CT revealed a hypodense, well-corticated lesion below the third molar and mandibular canal. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a soft tissue with signal intensity isointense in relation to the submandibular gland within the mandibular lesion. Thus, final diagnosis was Stafne bone cavity and the patient was released to medical intervention. The present case reinforces the importance of routine dental imaging evaluation in pre-transplant patients and highlights the imaging findings of Stafne bone defects.

Stafne bone defect: a report of two cases and diagnostic considerations

Stafne bone defects are asymptomatic lingual bone depressions of the lower jaw, frequently caused by soft tissue inclusion. The common variant of this entity affects the third molar region, below mandibular canal, and is mostly diagnosed incidentally during routine radiographic examination. The uncommon anterior variant is relatively rare and located in the premolar region of the mandible. Sublingual salivary glands are thought to be responsible for the development of this variant. The aim of this report was to describe a case of Stafne bone defect in the anterior region of mandible and a case in posterior mandible, with emphasis on clinical and radiographic findings. Dental clinicians should be aware of this entity, aiming to avoid unnecessary biopsies. In most cases, clinical and radiographic follow-up is the recommended conduct.

Stafne bone defect in the ramus of the mandible: a case report

Stafne bone defect in the ramus of the mandible: a case report

Parotid Stafne Defect

Case Presentation A 57-year-old Caucasian woman 11/28/16 was referred for cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination for the prosthetic treatment planning. There were no complaints of pain or any other symptoms. She had no history of trauma, facial bones or temporomandibular joint diseases. CBCT scans were performed on Galileos GAX5 (Sirona Dental Systems, Bensheim, Germany) using standard settings (85 kV; tube current: 507 mA; acquisition period: 14 sec; effective radiation time: 2-6 sec; voxel size: 0.3 × 0.3 × 0.3 mm). Reformatted panoramic and sagittal CBCT images were analyzed using GALILEOS Viewer (Sirona, Bensheim (Germany). On reformatted panoramic images single round radiolucent area of size 9.10 × 7.93 mm of the ramus of mandible upwards and backwards from mandibular foramen was detected. 3D reconstruction showed а local ramus thinning with the formation of the depression on its inner surface. Outer cortical plates were saved throughout. Radiological signs of bone lesion were not found. Contralateral ramus of the mandible was without pathological findings. In comparison with the appearance of the lesion 5 and 3 years ago, the shape and size of the lesion now did not show any distinguishable changes. Absence of the progression and unaltered structure of the jaw allowed excluding mass lesions. Diagnosis Parotid Stafne bone defect (SBD) of the left mandibular ramus, lingual variant. According to the literature the overall incidence of SBD varies from 0.009% to 0.3% [1]. Wolf and Barker believe that SBD develops in the result of the pressure by hyperplastic/hypertrophic salivary glands tissues on the bone surface (Figure 1) [2,3].

Bilocular Stafne Bone Defect above And Below the Inferior Alveolar Canal Assessed by Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Case Report

Stafne bone defect is a bone depression containing salivary gland or fatty soft tissue on the lingual surface of the mandible. The most common location is within the submandibular gland fossa and often close to the inferior border of the mandible. This defect is asymptomatic and generally discovered only incidentally during radiographic examination of the area. Stafne bone defect appears as a well-defined, corticated, unilocular radiolucency below the mandibular canal. Although it is not uncommon for this defect to appear as a round or ovoid radiolucency, it is rarely seen as a multilocular radiolucency. This report presents a case of a developmental salivary gland defect with multilocular radiolucency above the inferior alveolar canal in a male patient

A Case of Simultaneous Unilateral Anterior and Posterior Stafne Bone Defects.

Stafne bone defects (SBDs) are asymptomatic mandibular lingual bone depressions mainly caused by soft tissue inclusions. The most common form of SBDs is posterior; the anterior variant of SBD is relatively uncommon. Although posterior SBD is easily diagnosed by the unique location on radiography, anterior SBD is sometimes misdiagnosed and confused with other pathological entities owing to the location. We report herein a case of simultaneous unilateral anterior and posterior SBDs. In the present case, definitive diagnosis for the anterior mandibular cavity was unclear, as in reported cases. Surgical exploration was thus performed for the lesion in the anterior mandibular cavity. Pathologic examination of the removed tissue showed salivary gland with chronic inflammation. Postoperatively, no functional disturbance has been observed. Management of the posterior SBD was conservative, with radiographic follow-up. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first report of simultaneous unilateral anterior and posterior SBDs.

Investigation and differential diagnosis of Stafne bone cavities with cone beam computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging: Report of two cases

Stafne bone cavity (SBC), commonly known as Stafne bone cyst or defect is mostly asymptomatic, appearing as a unilateral, round or ovoid, radiolucent defect with thick and corticated border. Defects that are referred as pseudocysts generally occur in mandibular molar region, below the mandibular canal at the lingual side of the mandible and may grow slowly in time. They have been also located lingually in the anterior mandible above the mylohyoid muscle, and on the ascending ramus just inferior to mandibular condyle or very rarely buccal region of the ascending ramus. The aim of this case report is to present two unusual cases of SBC detected incidentally during radiographic examination with cone beam computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings. In the first case, significant enlargement caused vestibular resorption of the buccal cortex, which is a rare finding with SBCs and in the second case the large bone resorption reached up to the mental foramen.

Is cone-beam computed tomography diagnostic for anterior Stafne bone cyst: Report of a rare case

Introduction: The incidence of anterior Stafne bone cyst (lingual mandibular bone defect, static bone cyst, latent bone cyst, developmental submandibular gland defect of the mandible) has been estimated to between 0.009% and 0.3%. It is characterized by a round or ovoid, well-defined border, unilocular radiolucency. Most of anterior Stafne bone defects were located between the cuspid and the first molar, but a few cases have been reported in the incisor area. Case Report: We present a 48-year-old man with anterior Stafne bone defect in the incisor area diagnosed by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Discussion: CBCT can be a confirmatory imaging technique to detect anterior mandibular bony configurations such as Stafne bone cavity with the lingual cortical plate being spared.

Bilateral anterior Stafne bone defect mimicking radicular cyst: report of a rare case with a review of the literature

Stafne bone defects (SBDs) are asymptomatic radiolucent lingual/buccal bone lesions of the lower jaw that are frequently caused by soft tissue inclusion. SBDs located on the lingual anterior mandibular body (ASBDs) are rare variants. Sublingual salivary glands are thought to be responsible for ASBDs. However, other structures, such as lymphoid or vascular tissues, might be associated with ASBDs. ASBDs may be confused with other odontogenic or non-odontogenic pathologies because of their location and lower occurrence rate. To date, only one case involving the bilateral anterior mandibular area has been reported in the literature, including both the clinical case and archaeological specimens. The primary aim of our study was to describe a new case of bilateral ASBD in the anterior mandible that was mimicking a radicular cyst. The bilateral ASBD was diagnosed with the help of a three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography scan, and it presented radiographically as a periapical pathologic defect. An additional aim was to review previously reported cases related to ASBDs.

The importance of a careful radiographic analysis in the diagnosis of Stafne's bone defect: report of three cases

The importance of a careful radiographic analysis in the diagnosis of Stafne's bone defect: report of three cases

Intraorally exposed anterior Stafne bone defect: a case report

Anterior Stafne bone defect is a rare lingual bone depression mostly seen in the mandibular canine-premolar region; however, exposure of the defect into the oral cavity is quite rare. In this article, a case of anterior Stafne bone cavity, which can be seen in the intraoral examination, is presented with clinical features. Surgery is not considered for this case and after 2 years of follow-up, the defect remained stable.

Stafne bone defect: report of two cases.

Stafne bone defects are asymptomatic lingual bone depressions of the lower jaw. In 1942, Stafne described for the first time 35 asymptomatic, radiolucent cavities, unilaterally located in the posterior region of the mandible, between the mandibular angle and the third molar, below the inferior dental canal and slightly above the basis mandibulae. In this study, the clinical and radiological characteristics of 2 cases of Stafne bone defects were described. Orthopantomograph and CBCT were used for diagnosing the defects. The bone defects of two patients in this study were asymptomatic and any other bone lesions, such as cysts and tumors, were excluded because no signs of inflammatory or tumoral changes were evident Therefore, surgery was not considered and the patients were followed for 1 year. Stafne bone defect was an incidental finding, presenting no evolutionary changes, and as such conservatory therapy based on periodic controls was indicated. Currently, complementary techniques such as CT are sufficient to establish a certain diagnosis.

An unusual case of multilocular Stafne bone cavity

Stafne bone defects (SBDs) are asymptomatic lingual bone depressions of the lower jaw that are frequently caused by soft-tissue inclusion. The common variant of SBD exists at the third molar region of the mandible below the inferior dental canal is an and ovoid-shaped homogeneous well-defined radiolucency. In this report, an unusual occurrence of SBD with multilocular appearance is presented. Asymptomatic lingual bone defects may represent various radiographic features. Detailed radiographic evaluation with CT scans should be performed to differentiate SBDs from other pathologies.

Radiographic evaluation on prevalence of Stafne bone defect: a study from two centres in Turkey

The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of Stafne bone defect (SBD) and to describe the clinical and radiological characteristics of detected cases. A retrospective study was performed using panoramic radiographs from 34 221 patients undergoing dental treatment in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology at Erciyes University and Ataturk University, Turkey. After finding an image compatible with SBD in the radiographs, multislice CT (MSCT) on seven patients and cone beam CT (CBCT) on six patients were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Of the 34 221 patients, 29 (0.08 %) had SBDs, of whom 4 were female (13.8%) and 25 were male (86.2 %). The age range of patients with SBD was 18-77 years (mean age 49.6 years). SBD was found in the lingual molar region in 28 patients and in the lingual canine-premolar region of the mandible in 1 patient. The contour of the concavities on CT images (MSCT and CBCT) was detected. The MSCT revealed glandular tissue within the defects. According to our results, SBD is an uncommon anomaly. Examination of MSCT images supports the presence of aberrant submandibular glands within these mandibular defects, suggesting that pressure from submandibular gland tissue had caused the SBD, as generally thought. Both CBCT and MSCT can provide adequate support for the detection of SBDs. The CBCT could be suggested as the most suitable non-invasive diagnostic modality for this bony configuration of the mandible since it provides a lower radiation exposure dose than MSCT.

Aberrant location of salivary gland inclusion: Report of a case with review of the literature

Stafne's bone defects (SBDs) are asymptomatic radiolucent lingual/buccal bone lesions of the lower jaw and are frequently caused by soft tissue inclusion. SBDs located on the buccal ramus of the mandible are the rarest variant. To date, only one case involving the buccal ramus has been reported in the PubMed Database (National Library of Medicine) including both clinical cases and archaeological specimens. Advanced imaging techniques are useful in diagnosing these types of lesions in order to avoid unnecessary surgery. In the case described, the radiolucency in the condylar neck appeared to be developmental in origin and was later shown by computed tomography to be related to salivary gland tissue of the parotid gland.