Stable Results Research Articles

Causal relationships between COVID-19 and venous thromboembolism: A mendelian randomization analysis.

Objective: Observational studies show the correlation between COVID-19 and venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk. However, the causal effects remain uncertain. We aimed to explore the potential causal association between COVID-19 and VTE using Mendelian randomization (MR) design. Methods: Two-sample MR was used to evaluate the potential causality between COVID-19 and VTE by selecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs) from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode were employed as supplementary methods for MR estimations, with the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method serving as the principal analysis. In addition, we took sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's test, MR-Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO), and leave-one-out analysis to ensure that we obtained stable and reliable results. Results: Our study selected 26 COVID-19 severity, 31 COVID-19 hospitalization, and 13 COVID-19 susceptibility SNPs as instrumental variables. The IVW analysis results revealed that there was no causal relationship between COVID-19 severity, hospitalization, or susceptibility and VTE, with odds ratios of 0.974 (95%CI: 0.936-1.013, p = 0.19), 0.976 (95%CI: 0.918-1.039, p = 0.447), and 0.908 (95%CI: 0.775-1.065, p = 0.235), respectively. The IVW approach yielded consistent results with MR-Egger, Weighted Median simple mode, and weighted mode. MR-PRESSO and sensitivity analysis further confirmed the stability and consistency of the MR results. Conclusions: This study did not find evidence to support a causal relationship between COVID-19 and VTE at the genetic level. Further investigation is warranted to determine if the significant association reported in previous observational studies between the two is due to confounding factors.

Application of Cross-Validation Techniques to Handle Overfitting in a Case Study of Decision Tree Implementation for Lung Cancer Prediction

Lung cancer is a condition caused by cancer cells growing in the lungs. Lung cancer causes a weakened immune system, tumors, and other abnormalities that prevent the body from functioning properly. Lung cancer examination uses various technologies, namely CT Scan, X-ray, and others. However, the examination is relatively expensive and takes a long time. The use of machine learning makes it possible to support lung cancer diagnosis. With the large amount of medical data available today, machine learning can recognize patterns in the data so that it will help the process of diagnosing lung cancer more effectively. This study aims to correct overfitting in previous research which used the decision tree method to predict lung cancer with cross-validation techniques. In this research, we use a public dataset from Data World. This dataset consists of 25 data attributes and has 1000 data. The results of this research are rules obtained from decision trees which are then evaluated to produce 96.7% accuracy, 96.7% precision, 96.7% recall, and 96.7% f1-score. These results show that the decision tree method performs well in predicting lung cancer early and the cross-validation technique can overcome overfitting in decision trees with more general and stable results.

Single Image Super-Resolution via Wide-Activation Feature Distillation Network.

Feature extraction plays a pivotal role in the context of single image super-resolution. Nonetheless, relying on a single feature extraction method often undermines the full potential of feature representation, hampering the model's overall performance. To tackle this issue, this study introduces the wide-activation feature distillation network (WFDN), which realizes single image super-resolution through dual-path learning. Initially, a dual-path parallel network structure is employed, utilizing a residual network as the backbone and incorporating global residual connections to enhance feature exploitation and expedite network convergence. Subsequently, a feature distillation block is adopted, characterized by fast training speed and a low parameter count. Simultaneously, a wide-activation mechanism is integrated to further enhance the representational capacity of high-frequency features. Lastly, a gated fusion mechanism is introduced to weight the fusion of feature information extracted from the dual branches. This mechanism enhances reconstruction performance while mitigating information redundancy. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves stable and superior results compared to the state-of-the-art methods, as evidenced by quantitative evaluation metrics tests conducted on four benchmark datasets. Furthermore, our WFDN excels in reconstructing images with richer detailed textures, more realistic lines, and clearer structures, affirming its exceptional superiority and robustness.

Does montane meadow restoration influence the mineral association and stability of soil carbon?

Soil carbon (C) stability is an important consideration for management that aims to increase long-term C storage. The fraction of soil C allocated to physico-chemically protected mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) is a common soil C stability benchmark. However, the reality of soil C persistence is more complex than MAOM content alone—particularly in ecosystems such as meadows with high rates of belowground C inputs that can stimulate MAOM decomposition. Here, we combined three metrics of soil C persistence to characterize soil C stability across a meadow restoration chronosequence averaging belowground C gains of 330 g C m−2 y−1 for ~20 y. The metrics were: (1) the fraction of soil C in MAOM and particulate organic matter (POM), (2) the susceptibility of soil C to decomposition under varying temperatures, and (3) the utilization of MAOM-C by microbes. Two metrics suggested soil C stability may increase following montane meadow restoration. As soil C concentration increased with restoration, C storage in MAOM, but not POM, increased (metric 1). The susceptibility of MAOM-C to decomposition (microbial respiration relative to MAOM-C) decreased with increasing soil C concentration across temperatures (metric 2). Stable isotope results could not definitively determine the source of carbon dioxide efflux (metric 3) but generate hypotheses for future research to address. We posit that C sequestered following montane meadow restoration could be stable, with implications for regional C storage objectives. Further, our data point toward complex mineral-associated C dynamics including the potential importance of plant inputs for MAOM formation in meadow soils.

Disorder: Deep inelastic scattering at high orders

We present a Fortran 77/95 code capable of computing QCD corrections in deep inelastic scattering (DIS). The code uses the Projection-to-Born method to augment an existing \mathcal{O}(\alpha_{\mathrm{s}}^2)𝒪(αs2) dijet DIS code, thereby obtaining predictions for photon-mediated neutral-current single-jet DIS production in the laboratory frame. The code is lightweight and fast, and yet includes the most common functionalities found in typical perturbative QCD programs, like automatic renormalisation and factorisation scale uncertainties, options to run and combine multiple seeds, and interfaces to fastjet and LHAPDF. Due to the underlying disent and HOPPET codes, the program also provides stable results in the infrared, relevant for extracting logarithmic coefficients for analytic resummations, and access to the massless DIS structure functions and (reduced) cross sections up to \mathcal{O}(\alpha_{\mathrm{s}}^3)𝒪(αs3).

Codebase release r1.0 for disorder

We present a Fortran 77/95 code capable of computing QCD corrections in deep inelastic scattering (DIS). The code uses the Projection-to-Born method to augment an existing \mathcal{O}(\alpha_{\mathrm{s}}^2)𝒪(αs2) dijet DIS code, thereby obtaining predictions for photon-mediated neutral-current single-jet DIS production in the laboratory frame. The code is lightweight and fast, and yet includes the most common functionalities found in typical perturbative QCD programs, like automatic renormalisation and factorisation scale uncertainties, options to run and combine multiple seeds, and interfaces to fastjet and LHAPDF. Due to the underlying disent and HOPPET codes, the program also provides stable results in the infrared, relevant for extracting logarithmic coefficients for analytic resummations, and access to the massless DIS structure functions and (reduced) cross sections up to \mathcal{O}(\alpha_{\mathrm{s}}^3)𝒪(αs3).

A new type of simplified inverse Lax-Wendroff boundary treatment I: Hyperbolic conservation laws

In this paper, we design a new kind of high order inverse Lax-Wendroff (ILW) boundary treatment for solving hyperbolic conservation laws with finite difference method on a Cartesian mesh. This new ILW method decomposes the construction of ghost point values near inflow boundary into two steps: interpolation and extrapolation. At first, we impose values of some artificial auxiliary points through a polynomial interpolating the interior points near the boundary. Then, we will construct a Hermite extrapolation based on those auxiliary point values and the spatial derivatives at boundary obtained via the ILW procedure. This polynomial will give us the approximation to the ghost point value. By an appropriate selection of those artificial auxiliary points, high-order accuracy and stable results can be achieved. Moreover, theoretical analysis indicates that comparing with the original ILW method, especially for higher order accuracy, the new proposed one would require fewer terms using the relatively complicated ILW procedure and thus improve computational efficiency on the premise of maintaining accuracy and stability. We perform numerical experiments on several benchmarks, including one- and two-dimensional scalar equations and systems. The robustness and efficiency of the proposed scheme is numerically verified.

Outcomes of dynamic lumbar fixation in young patients with minimal lumbar instability

Background Data: Lumbar instability is considered an essential aetiology of low back pain (LBP) which is always accompanied by considerable disability. The term ‘instability’ remains poorly defined. But it is most broadly explained by any change of the normal mechanism of spinal motion which leads to pain and/or neurological impairment. It was reported that ‘Segmental instability can be defined as a pathological reaction to the applied loads, characterized by motion in motion segments more than normal constraints. The dynamic system can stabilize an unstable segment adequately but permits more mobility in the fixed levels than the conventional fixation systems. Study design: prospective, consecutive study Patients and Methods: This study was conducted in Mansoura University hospitals over one year (starting from September 2019 till August 2020) Twenty patients who presented with back pain fulfilled our criteria and were included in this study and underwent surgery for lumbar fixation using a hybrid performance system with dynamic coupler. The history of all patients was taken and they were subjected to clinical examination and preoperative full radiological examination. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate POP. Regular follow-up visits were arranged for our cases 6 weeks, three months and 6 months postoperative. Results: This study included 20 patients (7 males and 13 females). The ages of the studied patients ranged from 20 to 33 years. 9 patients presented with L4- 5 affection, 8 patients with L3- 4 affection and three patients with L2-3 affection. The mean basal VAS score was 5.45 (range=4-6) while the mean six months VAS score was 0.40 (range=0-1) with a statistically significant difference from the basal VAS score (p ? 0.001). Also, the results show that post-operative QoL scale scores was significantly higher (p? 0.001) compared with pre-operative QoL scale scores (Physical function (54.30 vs. 67.10), limitations due to physical health (55.55 vs. 67.90)). Conclusion: The current study suggested that Dynamic lumbar fixation provides favourable and stable clinical mid-term results in patients suffering from a degenerative lumbar spinal disease (DLSD) and can be a considerable alternative to fusion surgery in these patients.

Optimizing hybrid ensemble feature selection strategies for transcriptomic biomarker discovery in complex diseases.

Biomedical research takes advantage of omic data, such as transcriptomics, to unravel the complexity of diseases. A conventional strategy identifies transcriptomic biomarkers characterized by expression patterns associated with a phenotype by relying on feature selection approaches. Hybrid ensemble feature selection (HEFS) has become increasingly popular as it ensures robustness of the selected features by performing data and functional perturbations. However, it remains difficult to make the best suited choices at each step when designing such approaches. We conducted an extensive analysis of four possible HEFS scenarios for the identification of Stage IV colorectal, Stage I kidney and lung and Stage III endometrial cancer biomarkers from transcriptomic data. These scenarios investigate the use of two types of feature reduction by filters (differentially expressed genes and variance) conjointly with two types of resampling strategies (repeated holdout by distribution-balanced stratified and random stratified) for downstream feature selection through an aggregation of thousands of wrapped machine learning models. Based on our results, we emphasize the advantages of using HEFS approaches to identify complex disease biomarkers, given their ability to produce generalizable and stable results to both data and functional perturbations. Finally, we highlight critical issues that need to be considered in the design of such strategies.

Retrieval of upper stratospheric ozone profiles from SCIAMACHY Hartley-Huggins limb scatter spectra using WMART

ABSTRACT The hyperspectral SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) instrument, launched by Envisat in March 2002, measures atmospheric scattered radiance within the ultraviolet (UV) to near infrared range and has three geometric observation modes: nadir, occultation, and limb. This study describes a retrieval scheme to obtain middle and upper stratospheric ozone profiles from SCIAMACHY limb-scattered solar radiance. Owing to the low ozone concentration at high altitudes and rapid changes in ozone absorption cross-sections in the Hartley – Huggins band, a fundamental objective of this study was to establish a simple and effective retrieval scheme to derive reliable ozone profiles at high altitudes from UV spectral bands. In this study, short UV wavelengths of 302, 312, and 322 nm and a long wavelength of 331 nm were used for wavelength pairing to simplify the retrieval algorithm. Moreover, we employed the weighted multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique (WMART), which is straightforward to understand, and easy to implement, combined with a radiative transfer model (i.e. SCIATRAN), and produced stable results. The retrieval error estimates for the upper stratosphere were provided, and the total retrieval error of the ozone profile was usually < 18% in the altitude range of 30–53 km. The results were compared with the SCIAMACHY v3.5 product and validated against profiles derived from Optical Spectrometer and InfraRed Imaging System (OSIRIS) v7.1, and Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) v4.0 for 30–53 km altitude. The retrieved ozone profiles agreed with data from SCIAMACHY v3.5 within − 10%–5%, except at an altitude of 45 km, where the bias became larger (approximately −15%). The comparison of retrieved profiles with OSIRIS v7.1 showed differences within ± 10% for 30–53 km altitude. The errors were mostly less than − 5% below 43 km compared with ACE-FTS v4.0, but there was a large negative deviation in the upper stratosphere.

CAI formation in the early Solar System

Calcium-aluminium-rich inclusions (CAIs) are the oldest dated solid materials in the Solar System, and are found as light-coloured crystalline ingredients in carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. Their formation time is commonly associated with age zero of the Solar System. Nevertheless, the physical and chemical processes that once led to the formation of these submillimetre- to centimetre-sized mineral particles in the early solar nebula are still a matter of debate. In this paper, we propose a pathway to form such inclusions during the earliest phases of disc evolution. We combine 1D viscous disc evolutionary models with 2D radiative transfer, equilibrium condensation, and new dust opacity calculations. We show that the viscous heating associated with the high accretion rates in the earliest evolutionary phases causes the midplane inside of about 0.5 au to heat up to limiting temperatures of about 1500–1700 K, but no further. These high temperatures force all refractory material components of the inherited interstellar dust grains to sublimate – except for a few Al-Ca-Ti oxides, such as Al2O3, Ca2Al2SiO7, and CaTiO3. This is a recurring and very stable result in all our simulations, because these minerals form a natural thermostat. Once the Mg-Fe silicates are gone, the dust becomes more transparent and the heat is more efficiently transported to the disc surface, which prevents further warming. This thermostat mechanism keeps these minerals above their annealing temperature for hundreds of thousands of years, allowing them to form large pure crystalline particles. These particles are dragged out by the viscously spreading disc, and once they reach a distance of about 0.5 au, the silicates recondense on the surface of the Ca-Al-rich particles, adding an amorphous silicate matrix. We estimate that this mechanism of CAI production works during the first 50 000 yr of disc evolution. These particles then continue to move outward and populate the entire disc up to radii of about 50 au, before the accretion rate eventually subsides, the disc cools, and the particles start to drift inwards.

Turbulent flow inside a cubic lid-driven cavity using moment representation lattice Boltzmann method

The present work numerically models the flow inside a cubic lid-driven cavity for Reynolds numbers up to 100 000 using the lattice Boltzmann method. Stable results using the numerical method are obtained, with an implementation of a new set of moment equations for the Dirichlet boundary conditions, allowing approximately one order of magnitude increase in the maximum numerically stable Reynolds number for a given resolution. When evaluating the flow inside the cavity, the flow regime change occurred between Reynolds numbers 20 000 and 25 000, where the core of the turbulent dissipation moves from the bottom of the cavity toward the downstream wall. For Reynolds numbers higher than 50 000, the dissipation was localized near the moving lid. Additionally, negative turbulence production is observed in the bottom wall due to negative velocity gradients caused by the Taylor–Görtler-like vortex colliding with the bottom of the cavity.

Assessment of occlusion changes during laboratory phase of relining: An in vitro study.

Assessment of occlusion changes during laboratory phase of relining is essential to evaluate the occlusal discrepancies that could get incorporated in the denture with the use of different relining materials. Since the long term stability and functional success of the denture is heavily influenced by occlusion, an In-vitro study to assess these changes after relining is warranted. The aim of the study is to evaluate the changes in occlusion during laboratory phase of relining procedure. This is an in vitro study with a total of 30 specimen. A total of 30 maxillary standardized dentures were fabricated after mounting on a semi adjustable articulator. These samples will be divided into three groups based on the relining material used (Autopolymerizing resin, Heat-cure resin, Tissue conditioner). The vertical dimension, Centric contact points and eccentric contact points were measured before and after relining. The variables were tested to see if they had a normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Parametric distribution was seen for ECP leading to further comparison using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Non-parametric distribution was found while testing the VD, CCP leading to adoption of Kruskal-wallis test for comparison of groups. Dunn Bonferroni test was done for VD since results were significant. The results of this in-vitro study showed statistically significant difference with respect to change in vertical dimension in all groups pre and post relining (P = 0.005). The centric contact points showed lesser variation in position when comparing the pre to the post relining phase with the use of autopolymerising resins, whereas heat cure resins and tissue conditioners showed statistically significant difference in the centric point contacts post relining. No statistically significant changes were seen in eccentric occlusion post relining in all groups. Tissue conditioners showed minimum mean changes in eccentric contacts. Within the limitations of this study, the use of autopolymerising resins depicted the most stable results with respect to occlusion, for relining of dentures.

Design, validation and reliability of an instrument for measuring transmedia literacy in undergraduate communication students

Given the lack of standardized instruments to measure transmedia literacy in communication university students, a questionnaire was designed to analyze these skills. This text describes the procedure developed for the design, validation and reliability of an instrument that measures this type of literacy through three dimensions: cognitive, pragmatic and emotional. We applied the Delphi method to validate the theoretical construct and applied the questionnaire to 208 communication students from four universities in the Midwest Region of Mexico. The results indicate that the instrument showed a high internal consistency between the dimensions studied and the items that compose it; therefore, it has the reliability of internal consistency and the necessary validity to be applied when required with stable results.

Powerscope Efficiency for Class II Malocclusion Correction: Case Reports

Abstract In day-to-day clinical practice, orthodontists face great challenges in the management of mild-to-moderate Class II malocclusion. Myofunctional appliances are usually used for Class II malocclusion correction having a mandibular deficiency in the growing phase. The fixed functional appliances evolved due to noncompliance of myofunctional and excellent results were achieved due to less patient cooperation in such cases. PowerScope, also called “noncompliance Class II correctors,” is the one innovation for such cases. Its one-size-fits-all design; offers the advantage of easy chairside installation, shortens the duration of treatment, gives predictable results, and is used in noncompliant patients. These case reports showed how PowerScope is efficient for correcting Class II division 1 malocclusion having a mandibular deficiency. Successful and stable results were achieved with improvement in mandible advancement, esthetic appearance, and facial profile.

Evaluation of Orthodontic Retention Protocols and Their Impact on Treatment Stability: Insights from a Tertiary Care Study

ABSTRACT Context: The goals of orthodontic therapy are to provide stable treatment results and the best possible tooth alignment. Orthodontic retention regimens are essential for avoiding relapses after treatment; however, there is ongoing discussion on the best regimen. Methods: Orthodontic patients treated at a tertiary care center were the subject of a retrospective analysis. Information was gathered about follow-up evaluations, treatment techniques, patient demographics, and retention procedures. Relapse rates and occlusal characteristics were among the objective variables used to evaluate treatment stability. A statistical analysis evaluated the effectiveness of various retention strategies. Findings: When it came to preserving treatment stability, fixed retainers outperformed detachable appliances, Hawley retainers, and Essix retainers. The mean changes in occlusal parameters and relapse rates were greater for removable appliances, but the performance of Hawley and Essix retainers was moderate. Significant variations in retention techniques were verified by statistical analysis, with fixed retainers outperforming alternative detachable retainers and removable appliances. In conclusion, compared to alternative detachable retainers and removable equipment, fixed retainers are more successful in preserving treatment stability. Retention protocols, however, must to be established with each patient’s needs and treatment preferences in mind. The length of patient compliance and retention has a crucial role in determining the stability of therapy, underscoring the significance of patient education and continued monitoring. To improve long-term treatment results and optimize orthodontic retention techniques, further research and technical developments are required.

The Omega Mastopexy Technique for the Correction of Breast Ptosis after Breast Implant Explantation.

The past few years have seen a 50% increase in breast implant explantations. Patients with ptotic breasts may desire mastopexy, although conventional techniques are often invasive. We describe our experience with the omega mastopexy technique after breast implant explantation and capsulectomy. In the past 2 years, 10 patients with breast Regnault classification ptosis grade I-III underwent the omega mastopexy technique following breast implant explantation and capsulectomy. A detailed description of our operating technique is provided. This series includes a total of 10 patients. The median age was 48.5 (IQR 42.8-52.5), median body mass index 26 (23.8-28.3) and median implant volume 355 (IQR 325-375). Excellent and stable aesthetic results were achieved without recurring ptosis. One patient, an active smoker, underwent reexcision after 1 year due to hypertrophic scars. No complications have been reported until this date at 2 years follow-up. The omega mastopexy technique offers an excellent alternative to classic lifting techniques for ptotic breasts after breast implant explantation. Patients with increased risk of wound healing impairment are especially likely to benefit.

Characteristics of Earthquake Mechanisms Along the Andaman - Nicobar Region derived from Bayesian Moment Tensor Inversion

Abstract Earthquake activities in the Andaman - Nicobar region are generated mainly by several active faults and an active subduction zone that can activate multiple hypocenter clusters. Therefore, studying the seismotectonic process from source mechanism analysis using moment tensor inversion is essential. In this research, we applied a stochastic Bayesian inversion using Grond, a framework tool for moment tensor (MT) inversion, to characterize the earthquake mechanisms and the most appropriate centroid locations. Procedurally, several of the largest earthquakes with a moment magnitude Mw &gt; 5.5 from 2007 to 2023 were analyzed using the regional and teleseismic networks up to 2000 km from the epicenter based on 1 Hz green function model and azimuthal gap coverage. We applied 10,000-30,000 iterations of inversions with 300 bootstrap chains for a stable result. The low-frequency bandpass with a range of 0.007 - 0.03 Hz was chosen for the inversion process. There were 17 solutions for earthquake mechanisms with good misfit values of &lt; 0.65. Based on the division of the 5 clusters with the highest seismicity, the selected earthquakes’ source mechanism is dominated by strike-slip and oblique faulting. The results were compared with existing data catalogs showing differences in hypocentre and fault orientation direction, particularly for strike-slip earthquakes in the shallow crust and mantle zones.

Exploring The Impact of Stemming on Text Topic-Based Classification Accuracy

Text classification attempts to assign written texts to specific group types that share the same linguistic features. One class of features that have been widely employed for a wide range of classification tasks is lexical features. This study explores the impact of stemming on text classification using lexical features. To explore, this study is based on a corpus of thirty texts written by six authors with topics that focus on politics, history, science, prose, sport, and food. These texts are stemmed using a light stemming algorithm. In order to classify these texts according to the topic by means of lexical features, linear hierarchical clustering and non-linear clustering (SOM) is carried out on the stemmed and unstemmed texts. Although both clustering methods are able to classify texts by topic with two models produce accurate and stable results, the results suggest that the impact of a light stemming on the accuracy of text classification by topic is ineffectual. The accuracy is neither increased nor decreased on the stemmed texts, whereby the stemming algorithm helped reducing the dimensionality of feature vector space model.

Clipless internal mammary artery harvesting for minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting using the shear-tip harmonic scalpel.

The internal mammary artery (IMA) is the most commonly used graft in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) because of its superior long-term patency rate. However, its small diameter poses challenges in handling, and any vascular damage that may occur during harvesting can significantly affect surgical outcomes. The primary focus during IMA harvesting is to ensure safe and effective hemostasis without direct vascular injury, while ensuring secure and reliable ligation of the vascular branches. Various methods using multiple surgical instruments have been used for this purpose. Unlike traditional instruments, the shear-tip Harmonic scalpel offers more precise vessel branching control, while minimizing damage to surrounding tissues. In this study, we assessed the utility of the shear-tip Harmonic scalpel in patients undergoing minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICABG). From April 2019 to May 2023, a total of 40 patients underwent MICABG. The IMA was harvested using the shear-tip Harmonic scalpel with a clipless skeletonized technique. In this cohort, 5 patients underwent complete endoscopic harvesting, while 34 patients underwent direct visualization harvesting through minimal thoracotomy. Graft patency was assessed by measuring a Doppler flowmeter in the bypass conduit. Successful graft patency was achieved in all patients. The mean duration of IMA harvesting was 87 min. In total, 38 of the 40 patients underwent MICABG without the need for cardiopulmonary bypass, ensuring a stable procedure. There were no graft-related events or complications observed in any of the patients, and all were discharged without any issues. During a median follow-up period of 15.2 months, only one patient experienced graft occlusion necessitating intervention. The utilization of shear-tip Harmonic scalpel for IMA harvesting in MICABG is feasible and yields stable early results.