Stable Objects Research Articles

Robust Shared Control With Stable Contact Servoing for Enhanced Object Transportation by Telerobotic Bimanual Mobile Manipulators

ABSTRACTBimanual mobile manipulation significantly enhances the capabilities of field robots that interact with diverse dynamic environments and expands the range of possible manipulation actions. This paper introduces a robust shared control architecture for remote manipulation of the Collaborative Dual‐arm Robot Manipulator (CURI), aimed at stable object transportation. Given that stable contact is pivotal for successful object transportation, our focus is on stabilizing the contact between the robot end‐effectors and the object using a contact servoing strategy. To maintain stable contact, it is essential that the contact wrenches consistently stay within the predefined friction cones throughout the task. We propose a novel shared control strategy to stabilize the contact using the contact parameterization model. This model formulates the contact stability manifold using a set of unconstrained reparameterized variables through a bijective mapping function, ensuring that the controller derived from these unconstrained reparameterized variables consistently maintains contact stability. The efficacy of the proposed approach is convincingly demonstrated through a series of experiments involving representative bimanual transportation tasks within a logistics context. Both theoretical analysis and experimental validations confirm that our proposed control strategy not only ensures the stable transportation of objects by CURI but also substantially enhances the overall robustness of the shared control system.

New perspectives on categorical Torelli theorems for del Pezzo threefolds

Let Yd be a del Pezzo threefold of Picard rank one and degree d≥2. In this paper, we apply two different viewpoints to study Yd via a particular admissible subcategory of its bounded derived category, called the Kuznetsov component:(i)Brill–Noether reconstruction. We show that Yd can be uniquely recovered as a Brill–Noether locus of Bridgeland stable objects in its Kuznetsov component.(ii)Exact equivalences. We prove that up to composing with an explicit auto-equivalence, any Fourier–Mukai type equivalence of Kuznetsov components of two del Pezzo threefolds of degree 2≤d≤4 can be lifted to an equivalence of their bounded derived categories. As a result, we obtain a complete description of the group of Fourier–Mukai type auto-equivalences of the Kuznetsov component of Yd.In an appendix, we classify instanton sheaves on quartic double solids, generalizing a result of Druel.

Structure, maximum mass, and stability of compact stars in f(Q,T)\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$f(\\mathcal {Q,T})$$\\end{document} gravity

We investigate the properties of compact objects in the f(Q, T) theory, where Q\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\mathcal {Q}$$\\end{document} is the non-metricity scalar and T\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${ \\mathcal {T}}$$\\end{document} is the trace of the energy–momentum tensor. We derive an interior analytical solution for anisotropic perfect-fluid spheres in hydrostatic equilibrium using the linear form of f(Q,T)=Q+ψT\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$f(\\mathcal {Q}, { \\mathcal {T}})=\\mathcal {Q}+\\psi { \\mathcal {T}}$$\\end{document}, where ψ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\psi $$\\end{document} represents a dimensional parameter. Based on the observational constraints related to the mass and radius of the pulsar SAX J1748.9-2021, ψ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\psi $$\\end{document} is set to a maximum negative value of ψ1=ψ/κ2=-0.04\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\psi _1=\\psi / \\kappa ^2=-0.04$$\\end{document}, where κ2\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\kappa ^2$$\\end{document} is the gravitational coupling constant. The solution results in a stable compact object, which does not violate the speed of sound condition cs2≤c23\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$c_s^2\\le \\frac{c^2}{3}$$\\end{document}. The effective equation of state is similar to the quark matter equation of state, and involves the presence of an effective bag constant. When ψ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\psi $$\\end{document} is negative, the star has a slightly larger size as compared to GR stars with the same mass. The difference in the predicted star size between the theory with a negative ψ\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\psi $$\\end{document} and GR for the same mass is attributed to an additional force appearing in the hydrodynamic equilibrium equation. The maximum compactness allowed by the strong energy condition for f(Q,T)\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$f(\\mathcal {Q}, { \\mathcal {T}})$$\\end{document} theory and for GR is C=0.514\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$C = 0.514$$\\end{document} and 0.419, respectively, with the f(Q,T)\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$f(\\mathcal {Q}, { \\mathcal {T}})$$\\end{document} prediction about 10%\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$10\\%$$\\end{document} higher than the GR one. Assuming a surface density at saturation nuclear density of ρnuc=4×1014g/cm3\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\rho _{\ ext {nuc}} = 4\ imes 10^{14}~\\hbox {g}/\\hbox {cm}^3$$\\end{document}, the maximum mass of the star is 4.66M⊙\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$4.66 M_\\odot $$\\end{document}, with a radius of 14.9 km.

Possible Manifestation of Compact, Stable Dark Matter Objects in the Solar System

Possible Manifestation of Compact, Stable Dark Matter Objects in the Solar System

Adaptive robot localization in dynamic environments through self-learnt long-term 3D stable points segmentation

In field robotics, particularly in the agricultural sector, precise localization presents a challenge due to the constantly changing nature of the environment. Simultaneous Localization and Mapping algorithms can provide an effective estimation of a robot’s position, but their long-term performance may be impacted by false data associations. Additionally, alternative strategies such as the use of RTK-GPS can also have limitations, such as dependence on external infrastructure. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a novel stability scan filter. This filter can learn and infer the motion status of objects in the environment, allowing it to identify the most stable objects and use them as landmarks for robust robot localization in a continuously changing environment. The proposed method involves an unsupervised point-wise labelling of LiDAR frames by utilizing temporal observations of the environment, as well as a regression network, called Long-Term Stability Network (LTS-NET) to learn and infer 3D LiDAR points long-term motion status. Experiments demonstrate the ability of the stability scan filter to infer the motion stability of objects on a real agricultural long-term dataset. Results show that by only utilizing points belonging to long-term stable objects, the localization system exhibits reliable and robust localization performance for long-term missions compared to using the entire LiDAR frame points.

Construction of fuzzy black holes and self-gravitational droplets in exponential f(R) gravity

This paper discusses the construction of non-commutative geometry based self-gravitational droplets or fuzzy black holes (BHs) within the context of exponential-f(R) gravity model 1βeβR−1 , where β is a parameter with units [length 2]. Considering the Einasto density profile, a generalization of the Gaussian profile, we extend the noncommutative-inspired mini BH metric to incorporate dark matter (DM) as a constituent of the BH. We investigate various Einasto DM fuzzy objects filled with anisotropic fluid content, considering different values of the shape parameter and rescaled mass. This study investigates the possibility of stable self-gravitational compact objects with fuzzy mass distributions inspired by a well-known DM profile, the Einasto parametrization. These intriguing astrophysical configurations fall into three categories: fuzzy self-gravitational droplets with no event horizon, and fuzzy black holes featuring either one or two horizons. It is important to highlight that all these astrophysical entities are solutions derived from the exponential-f(R) gravity model. The corresponding effective potentials exhibit a significant resemblance to the effective potential of the classical Schwarzschild Black Hole located at the center of the Galaxy. Specifically, we investigate the potential for these black holes to serve as central galactic entities.

The Stabilized Lachman’s Test: A Highly Sensitive, Specific and Accurate Test to Diagnose Acute ACL Tears

Background The Lachman’s Test (LT) is the one of the most relied tests for the clinical diagnosis of a torn Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL). The accuracy of the traditional LT is largely dependent on the skill and experience of the observer as well as the timing of the knee was examined in respect to the injury. Wroble & Linderfeld first described the stabilized Lachman’s Test (SLT) in 1988. The examiner’s thigh is placed underneath and supports the thigh while the examiner’s hand (the opposite one to the extremity being examined) is used to stabilize the thigh. Purpose The purpose of this study was to prospectively analyze the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the SLT to diagnose acute ACL tears. The hypothesis is that the SLT is a very sensitive, specific, and accurate test to diagnose ACL deficiency in acutely injured knees. Methods Two hundred patients with acute knee injuries were prospectively studied. All were examined within 30 days of injury (average – 8.3 days). Any patients with a previous ipsilateral or contralateral ligament knee injury were excluded from this study. All knees were examined prior to examining or interviewing the patient. There were 83 (41.5%) females and 117 (58.5%) males with an average age of 27.3 years. The SLT results were not graded but recorded as a positive or negative result. ACL tears were definitively diagnosed with MRI. Results On the initial examination there were 46 (23%) patients that had SLT that was recorded as positive and 154 (77%) that were considered negative. Forty-eight patients (24%) had a torn ACL and in 152 (76%) knees, the ACL was found to be intact by MRI. The SLT produced 44 (22%) true positives and 150 (75%) true negatives as well as 4 (2%) false negatives and 2 (1%) false positives. The resulting sensitivity was 91.7%, specificity was 98.7% and accuracy was 97%. The positive predictive value was 95.7% with the negative predictive value of 97.0%. The positive likelihood ratio was 69.9 and the negative likelihood ration was 0.085 Discussion The SLT is a highly sensitive, specific and accurate test for diagnosing ACL tears in the knee. The advantage of the SLT is that it allows the patient to relax the leg easily because the thigh is resting on a stable object. The examiner will feel the lower extremity relax by increased pressure on their own thigh and as soon as they feel this the SLT is performed. The examiner’s hand can now easily stabilize the thigh and control the leg’s rotation even in patients with large thighs or with clinicians with smaller hands, thus increasing the reliability and reproducibility of the SLT. Conclusion The SLT is highly sensitive, specific and accurate and has advantages over the standard LT. The SLT is a valuable tool in the armament of the clinician’s physical exam and diagnostic testing. It is beneficial for clinicians to at least try and compare it to the standard LT, especially those with less clinical experience.

The Method of Synthesis of a Stable Closed-Loop Object Control System with Limiters

The Method of Synthesis of a Stable Closed-Loop Object Control System with Limiters

Stability analysis of the control object using the Nyquist criterion

Stability is one of the main qualities of control systems, expressing the ability of the system to maintain its current state under the influence of external influences. The study of system stability plays a key role in medicine, psychology, engineering, etc. For example, in psychology, the correct regulation of a person's stress state allows her to withstand life difficulties, adverse pressure of circumstances, maintain health and efficiency. The benefit of analysys the stability of systems is that, having determined the degree of stability of the designed system, it is possible to develop measures and determine means to optimize its structure and parameters, make the system workable and useful. The advantage of using graphoanalytic methods over analytical ones lies in their clarity and simple interpretation. In this paper, models of control objects are considered, and the task of analyzing the stability of the system according to the Nyquist criterion is presented. This criterion allows us to assess the stability of a closed automatic control systems based on the frequency characteristics of an open system. An algorithm for constructing a Nyquist hodograph is also provided, which makes it easy to determine the stability of the system according to the schedule. The paper also provides a comparative analysis of a stable and unstable object, as well as the features of their management. The models presented in this paper can be applied to solving applied management problems in the field of medicine, psychology, technology, economics, etc.

Anisotropic stellar structures in energy–momentum squared theory with Tolman–Kuchowicz spacetime

This paper examines the viable characteristics of anisotropic compact stars in [Formula: see text] theory ([Formula: see text] is the Ricci scalar and [Formula: see text]). In this perspective, we use Tolman–Kuchowicz solutions [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] to examine the configurations of static spherically symmetric structures. The unknown constants are found by the first fundamental form of Darmois junction conditions. We analyze the behavior of fluid parameters in the interior of 4U 1538-52, PSRJ 1614-220, EXO 1785-248 and SAXJ 1808.4-3658 compact stars correspond to different models of this theory. Furthermore, the stability of the proposed compact stellar objects is examined through sound speed and adiabatic index methods. The satisfaction of requisite conditions ensures that stable compact objects exist in this framework.

Experimental observation of repulsively bound magnons.

Stable composite objects, such as hadrons, nuclei, atoms, molecules and superconducting pairs, formed by attractive forces are ubiquitous in nature. By contrast, composite objects stabilized by means of repulsive forces were long thought to be theoretical constructions owing to their fragility in naturally occurring systems. Surprisingly, the formation of boundatom pairs by strong repulsive interactions has been demonstrated experimentally in optical lattices1. Despite this success, repulsively bound particle pairs were believed to have no analogue in condensed matter owing to strong decay channels. Here we present spectroscopic signatures of repulsively bound three-magnon states and bound magnon pairs in the Ising-like chain antiferromagnet BaCo2V2O8. In large transverse fields, below the quantum critical point, we identify repulsively bound magnon states by comparing terahertz spectroscopy measurements to theoretical results for the Heisenberg-Ising chain antiferromagnet, a paradigmatic quantum many-body model2-5. Our experimental results show that these high-energy, repulsively bound magnon states are well separated from continua, exhibit notable dynamical responses and, despite dissipation, are sufficiently long-lived to be identified. As the transport properties in spin chains can be altered by magnon bound states, we envision that such states could serve as resources for magnonics-based quantum information processing technologies6-8.

Urine Samples and Drug-Body-Treatment Assemblages: Youth Enactments of Drug Testing in Sweden

Drug testing plays a key role in youth substance use treatment in Sweden. Young people treated for substance use problems are routinely required to leave urine samples, and there is often controversy between patients and staff around its relevance. Still, there is a lack of research on how young people make sense of this practice. This article contributes to this knowledge through an ANT-inspired (Actor Network Theory) analysis of how youth enact urine testing in their treatment experiences. We attempt to tease out what kind of sociomaterial object urine testing is according to youth, and how it affects their lives. The study is based on interviews with 25 previous patients (mean age 17). The analysis shows that the participants enacted urine testing as both a stable object that creates binaries in knowledge networks (use or nonuse), and as a flickering object that appears in and affects diverse drug-body-treatment assemblages (even outside the clinic). The participants had internalized the importance of leaving negative samples to get discharged and avoid adult surveillance. They described a practice that made substance use a demarcated, individual and treatable problem, and also, often contrary to their own self-understandings, devalued their ability to be honest about and regulate their conduct. Through establishing substance use as a simplified either/or phenomenon and through attributing patients with the agency to become nonusers only, urine testing appears counter-productive if treatment is to strengthen informed decision making and responsibility among soon to be adults.

Exploring Ecological Relationality Through Architectural Practice

This practice-led research article explores how post-humanist and eco-feminist perspectives of entanglement and relationality challenge human exceptionalism as a basis for making architecture in the process of the Alusta research pavilion. Multisensory spatial experience, material circulation and more-than-human temporalities are explored through building a temporary pavilion for multispecies encounters in an urban museum setting. Reflecting on the project, an architectural space is understood as a continuous process of becoming enacted by various human and nonhuman forces instead of as a stable object with a sole human author. Architecture is reimagined as part of the web of care sustaining all life.

Fabrication of Translucent and Chemically Durable Crystal‐Glass Composite with Multicolor Persistent Luminescence

AbstractLong persistent luminescence materials (LPLMs) are promising candidates for various photonic applications, owing to their ability to store light. In spite of advancements in exploring of new LPLMs, the fabrication of transparent centimeter‐sized LPLMs with pre‐designed shapes, high productivity, long afterglow multicolor luminescence, and high chemical stability, is still challenging. Here, high‐throughput manufacture of translucent crystal‐glass composites via a classical injection molding (IM) technique is demonstrated, in which persistent phosphors (PPs)‐amorphous silica nanoparticles‐polymer composites are molded into different shapes then thermally treated at elevated temperatures to obtain glass composites with embedded PP particles and customized shapes. The structural characterizations endorse that the PP particles are preserved during high temperature sintering, and the resultant crystal‐glass composites combine the unique benefits of both PPs and silica glass. Remarkably, the total production time to manufacture 100 pieces of centimeter‐sized crystal‐glass composites is 35 h, thus enabling high‐throughput production of glass composite articles by the IM method. In addition, the injection molded crystal‐glass composites demonstrate long afterglow multicolor luminescence and ultrahigh chemical durability. This study provides a massive production strategy for the fabrication of translucent and stable multicolor persistent luminescent objects with customized shapes, which can be used in numerous applications.

Televising Talent: Musicality, Meritocracy, and the Aesthetics of Exclusion

AbstractThroughout the history of television, American audiences have participated in a tradition of programs that follow a consistent structure: Amateur musicians and entertainers are offered an opportunity to display their talent on stage, competing for audience votes to win first prize and a chance at stardom. This article contributes to a growing literature on the significance of televised talent shows, demonstrating how their remarkable longevity and representational power stems from their configuration as a “format,” the set of guidelines that structure and constrain the content of each broadcast—an aesthetic process grounded in exclusion. Through their formatting, I argue, these programs reify the notion of “talent” at the heart of talent shows, transforming a multidimensional and context-contingent assemblage of musical abilities into a seemingly stable object able to be recognized, rated, and ranked. Musical auditions offer a microcosm of formatting's role as a means of training audiences’ attention. They normalize the practice of eliminating whatever (or whomever) is deemed unworthy—on these programs and in the wider world. Through analyzing examples from Ted Mack and the Original Amateur Hour (1948), The Gong Show (1978), and The Voice (2017), the article demonstrates how beneath the widely discussed content of contestant demographics, judge commentary, or audience voting results, the talent show format serves to obscure the contradictions upon which meritocracy's cruel optimism rests.

Gravitational collapse of Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter halos with logarithmic nonlinearity

"If dark matter is composed of massive bosons, a Bose-Einstein Condensation process must have occurred during the cosmological evolution. Therefore galactic dark matter may be in a form of a condensate, characterized by a strong self-interaction. One of the interesting forms of the self-interaction potential of the condensate dark matter is the logarithmic form. In the present work we investigate one of the astrophysical implications of the condensate dark matter with logarithmic self-interaction, namely, its gravitational collapse. To describe the condensate dark matter we use the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, and the Thomas-Fermi approximation. By using the hydrodynamic representation of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation we obtain the equation of state of the condensate, which has the form of the ideal gas equation of state, with the pressure proportional to the dark matter density. In the Thomas-Fermi approximation, the evolution equations of the condensate reduce to the classical continuity, and Euler equations of fluid dynamics. We obtain the equations of motion of the condensate radius in spherical symmetry, by assuming certain particular forms for the velocity and density of the condensate. The collapse time required for the formation of a stable macroscopic astrophysical object is obtained in an integral form, and explicit numerical estimations for the formation of astrophysical objects with masses ranging from 106M⊙ to 1012M⊙ are presented."

An AI-Based Workflow for Fast Registration of UAV-Produced 3D Point Clouds

The integration of structure from motion (SFM) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technologies has allowed for the generation of very high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) point cloud data (up to millimeters) to detect and monitor surface changes. However, a bottleneck still exists in accurately and rapidly registering the point clouds at different times. The existing point cloud registration algorithms, such as the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) and the Fast Global Registration (FGR) method, were mainly developed for the registration of small and static point cloud data, and do not perform well when dealing with large point cloud data with potential changes over time. In particular, registering large data is computationally expensive, and the inclusion of changing objects reduces the accuracy of the registration. In this paper, we develop an AI-based workflow to ensure high-quality registration of the point clouds generated using UAV-collected photos. We first detect stable objects from the ortho-photo produced by the same set of UAV-collected photos to segment the point clouds of these objects. Registration is then performed only on the partial data with these stable objects. The application of this workflow using the UAV data collected from three erosion plots at the East Tennessee Research and Education Center indicates that our workflow outperforms the existing algorithms in both computational speed and accuracy. This AI-based workflow significantly improves computational efficiency and avoids the impact of changing objects for the registration of large point cloud data.

ExistenceMap-PointPillars: A Multifusion Network for Robust 3D Object Detection with Object Existence Probability Map.

Recognition of surrounding objects is crucial for ensuring the safety of automated driving systems. In the realm of 3D object recognition through deep learning, several methods incorporate the fusion of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and camera data. The effectiveness of the LiDAR-camera fusion approach is widely acknowledged due to its ability to provide a richer source of information for object detection compared to methods that rely solely on individual sensors. Within the framework of the LiDAR-camera multistage fusion method, challenges arise in maintaining stable object recognition, especially under adverse conditions where object detection in camera images becomes challenging, such as during night-time or in rainy weather. In this research paper, we introduce "ExistenceMap-PointPillars", a novel and effective approach for 3D object detection that leverages information from multiple sensors. This approach involves a straightforward modification of the LiDAR-based 3D object detection network. The core concept of ExistenceMap-PointPillars revolves around the integration of pseudo 2D maps, which depict the estimated object existence regions derived from the fused sensor data in a probabilistic manner. These maps are then incorporated into a pseudo image generated from a 3D point cloud. Our experimental results, based on our proprietary dataset, demonstrate the substantial improvements achieved by ExistenceMap-PointPillars. Specifically, it enhances the mean Average Precision (mAP) by a noteworthy +4.19% compared to the conventional PointPillars method. Additionally, we conducted an evaluation of the network's response using Grad-CAM in conjunction with ExistenceMap-PointPillars, which exhibited a heightened focus on the existence regions of objects within the pseudo 2D map. This focus resulted in a reduction in the number of false positives. In summary, our research presents ExistenceMap-PointPillars as a valuable advancement in the field of 3D object detection, offering improved performance and robustness, especially in challenging environmental conditions.

The Investigation of Electric Scooter Accident Cases Admitted to the Emergency Department: A Multicenter Study

Objective: Electric scooters are a new form of inner-city transportation, which is considered to be an accessible, affordable, and popular option within society. Aims: This study aimed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals involved in electric scooter accidents and the factors associated with these incidents. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study of individuals involved in electric scooter crashes presented to the emergency department of four hospitals in Bursa/Turkey. Those hospitals were divided into two groups as Impoverished Region (IR) and Wealthy Region (WR). Sixty-two individuals who sustained ESA and were admitted to the ED of the four hospitals involved in our study from the start date 11/08/2022 till the end date of 11/012/2022. Results: A total number of 62 patients (24 females, 38 males) sustained electric scooter related injuries. The most commonly seen injury patterns were abrasion (n=42, 67.7%), soft tissue injury (n=27, 43.5%), and bone fracture (n=11, 17.7%), respectively. The lower and upper limbs and head injuries were the most commonly seen injury sites. Injury of the head (p=0.000), injury of the lower extremity (p=0.0230), injury of the upper extremity (p=0.004), and injury of trunk (p=0.008), were significantly associated with multiple injuries. Loss of balance was the most frequent ESA cause (n=43, 69.4%) followed by a hit to a stable object (n=11, 17.7%) Conclusions: Our study revealed that electric scooter accidents occurred in the initial moments of driving in low-income regions of the city compared to the wealthy areas. Head/neck injuries are more likely to occur in children in those cases

Compact relativistic sphere with charged anisotropic matter in f(R,G) gravity

The main purpose of this research is to examine a number of interior configurations of stable anisotropic objects formed in the shape of spherical charged stars within the gravity region described by [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] represents the Gauss–Bonnet invariant and [Formula: see text] defines the Ricci Scalar in this scenario. The formation of these charged stars is investigated using the solutions found by Karori and Barua, among several feasible models within the theory of [Formula: see text] gravity. The study explores the behavior of these realistically charged compact stars, analyzing various physical components through the use of graphs. Furthermore, the feasibility of our model is assessed by evaluating it against different energy conditions. Additionally, topics such as density modification, stress evolution, various forces, star stability, anisotropy measurement, state parameter equations, and charge distribution are discussed.