Stable Crystalline Phase Research Articles

High-Temperature Steam Oxidation and Surface Microstructure Evolution of Fe13Cr6Al(1–4)Mo0.15Y Alloys

The current study investigated the microstructure evolution and anti-corrosion behavior of low Y doping alloys of Fe13Cr6Al(1–4)Mo0.15Y subjected to high-temperature steam (800 °C to 1300 °C). The results indicate that steam oxidation induces the growth of high-quality oxidation film that is thermodynamically driven, with rapid increases in the thickness from 800 °C to 1300 °C without film convolution and spallation. The film convolution and spallation were successfully suppressed through on-site formation of the high-temperature stable ternary crystalline phase (Y2Mo3O12) and decreasing of the thickness of α-Al2O3 oxidation film during the fabrication and oxidation scenario. The on-site steam oxidation rate has been significantly suppressed, with lower weight gain and less oxidizing film convolution than monolithic FeCrAlMo alloy, through the addition of a low concentration of Y.

Endogenous iron-enriched biochar loaded nickel-foam cathode in electro-Fenton for ciprofloxacin degradation: performance, mechanism and DFT calculation

Steel mill wastewater sludge, with abundant endogenous iron resources, could be pyrolyzed into iron-enriched biochar (SBC) in one step and loaded onto nickel foam cathode (Ni-Foam) to construct a heterogeneous electro-Fenton system (SBC@Ni-Foam/EF). The purpose of this study were to optimize SBC@Ni-Foam/EF for efficient ciprofloxacin (CIP) removal, and its degradation mechanism and pathway in the presence of endogenous iron were elucidated by DFT calculation. The results showed that the highest CIP degradation efficiency (95.11 %) was achieved at a SBC pyrolysis temperature of 800 °C, an initial solution pH of 3, a Na2SO4 concentration of 0.05 mol L−1, a current density of 40 mA cm−2, and an aeration rate of 200 mL min−1. The degradation of CIP by SBC@Ni-Foam/EF was dominated by cathodic catalytic oxidation, and ·OH played a major role in the CIP degradation process. Combined with characterization and DFT calculation, the endogenous iron was dispersed in the stable Fe3O4 crystalline phase, which provided surface defects and catalytic sites for the cathode and promoted H2O2 activation to generate ·OH through iron cycling. The possible degradation pathways of CIP were proposed to include the cleavage of piperazine and quinolone rings, hydroxylation, and substitution or detachment of fluorine, etc., and the overall toxicity of the intermediates was alleviated after SBC@Ni-Foam/EF treatment. Therefore, this study was expected to achieve a win–win situation for iron-enriched sludge biomass resource utilization and CIP wastewater treatment.

Crystallization and the liquid-liquid critical point in nonbonded modified-WAC models.

For decades, it has been known that Liquid-Liquid Critical Points (LLCPs) can exist in one-component liquids, yet a comprehensive understanding of the conditions under which they arise remains elusive. To better comprehend the possible interplay between the LLCP and the crystalline phase, we conduct molecular dynamics simulations using the nonbonded family of modified-WAC (mWAC) models, which are known to exhibit a LLCP for certain parameter values. By comparing different versions of the mWAC model-those featuring a LLCP and those lacking one-we identify several key differences between the models relating to crystallization. Those models that do have a LLCP are found to have multiple stable crystalline phases, one of them being a solid-state ionic conductor similar to superionic ice. Moreover, we find that for models that do not have a LLCP, the liquid becomes a glass at a larger range of temperatures, possibly preventing the occurrence of a LLCP. Further studies are required to determine if these results are general or model-specific.

Wide process temperature of atomic layer deposition for In2O3 thin-film transistors using novel indium precursor (N,N′-di-tert butylacetimidamido)dimethyllindium

This study introduces a novel heteroleptic indium complex, which incorporates an amidinate ligand, serving as a high-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) precursor. The most stable structure was determined using density functional theory and synthesized, demonstrating thermal stability up to 375 °C. We fabricated indium oxide thin-film transistors (In2O3 TFTs) prepared with DBADMI precursor using ALD in wide range of window processing temperature of 200 °C, 300 °C, and 350 °C with an ozone (O3) as the source. The growth per cycle of ALD ranged from 0.06 to 0.1 nm cycle−1 at different deposition temperatures. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were employed to analyze the crystalline structure as it relates to the deposition temperature. At a relatively low deposition temperature of 200 °C, an amorphous morphology was observed, while at 300 °C and 350 °C, crystalline structures were evident. Additionally, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis was conducted to identify the In–O and OH-related products in the film. The OH-related product was found to be as low as 1% with an increase the deposition temperature. Furthermore, we evaluated In2O3 TFTs and observed an increase in field-effect mobility, with minimal change in the threshold voltage (V th), at 200 °C, 300 °C, and 350 °C. Consequently, the DBADMI precursor, given its stability at highdeposition temperatures, is ideal for producing high-quality films and stable crystalline phases, with wide processing temperature range makeing it suitable for various applications.

Characterisation of asbestos-containing wastes by thermal analysis

The study examined building materials containing asbestos, which have been considered hazardous waste for several years. Samples were taken from various places in Poland. The chemical composition was examined using chemical analysis, the mineralogical phases were identified using X-ray diffraction, and the structure was identified using scanning electron microscopy, taking into account energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Thermal tests of the samples were performed using thermal analysis, thermogravimetric measurements and high-temperature microscopy. Additionally, changes that occurred in the microstructure were determined using mercury porosimetry and infrared spectroscopy. All the above research methods were used to characterise the properties of cement–asbestos materials, which were also subjected to isothermal thermal treatment at a temperature of 1100 °C for 4 h. The results proved that the material after thermal treatment undergoes significant structural changes. The thermal decomposition process of cement–asbestos involves dehydration, dehydroxylation and then recrystallisation to new stable crystalline phases but in the context of asbestos, we are dealing here with the so-called phenomenon of pseudomorphosis. Knowledge about the thermal properties of asbestos materials can provide us with data on how the material undergoes significant structural changes, thanks to which it will be possible to use neutralised cement–asbestos waste as possible safe materials.

Z-Scheme heterojunction Cu2(OH)3F/Bi2WO6 with improved photocatalytic activity for uranium removal from wastewater under air atmosphere

The proper treatment of uranium-contaminated nuclear wastewater is important for uranium resource recovery and environmental protection. Photocatalytic strategies have emerged as promising approaches for improving uranium removal efficiency. In this study, a Z-scheme heterojunction Cu2(OH)3F/Bi2WO6 (CFO/BWO) was synthesized by directly depositing CFO onto a BWO semiconductor for highly efficient photocatalytic removal of uranium from wastewater. The CFO semiconductor contains abundant O–H bonds and a high conduction band position, which can couple with BWO to form a heterojunction via interactions between the O and W atoms. Owing to the high electronegativity of CFO, electrons easily transfer from BWO to CFO, resulting in enhanced electron-hole separation and promoted electron transmission. Importantly, introducing CFO narrowed the bandgap of CFO/BWO compared to that of BWO, providing an appropriate band position, which is more conducive to the photocatalytic immobilization of uranium. Moreover, the mechanism of CFO/BWO heterojunction for photocatalytic immobilization of uranium revealed the formation of a stable crystalline phase of (UO2)O2·2H2O during the photocatalytic process. As a result, CFO/BWO could remove 91 % of uranium from simulated wastewater under an air atmosphere. The findings of this study provide a promising strategy by regulating the band position of heterojunctions for photocatalytic immobilization of uranium.

Endogenous iron-enriched biochar derived from steel mill wastewater sludge for tetracycline removal: Heavy metals stabilization, adsorption performance and mechanism

Steel mill wastewater sludge, as an iron-enriched solid waste, was expected to be converted into iron-enriched biochar with acceptable environmental risk by pyrolysis. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the chemical speciation transformation of heavy metals in biochar under various pyrolysis temperatures and its reutilization for tetracycline (TC) removal. The experimental data indicated that pyrolysis temperature was a key factor affecting the heavy metals speciation and bioavailability in biochar, and biochar with pyrolysis temperature at 450 °C was the most feasible for reutilization without potential risk. The endogenous iron-enriched biochar (FSB450) showed highly efficient adsorption towards TC, and its maximum adsorption capacity could reach 240.38 mg g−1, which should be attributed to its excellent mesoporous structure, abundant functional groups and endogenous iron cycling. The endogenous iron was converted to a stable iron oxide crystalline phase (Fe3O4 and MgFe2O4) by pyrolysis, which underwent a valence transition to form a coordination complex with TC by electron shuttling in the FSB450 matrix. The study provides a win-win approach for resource utilization of steel wastewater sludge and treatment of antibiotic contamination in wastewater.

The influence of Mn(II) on transformation of Cr-absorbed Schwertmannite: Mineral phase transition and elemental fate

Schwertmannite (Sch) is considered as an effective remover of Chromium (Cr) due to its strong affinity for toxic Cr species. Since the instability of Sch, the environmental fate of Cr deserves attention during the transformation of Sch into a more stable crystalline phase. The ubiquitous manganese(II) (Mn(II)) probably affects the transformation of Sch and thus the environmental fate of Cr. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of Mn(II) on the transformation of Cr-absorbed Sch (Cr-Sch) and the associated behavior of SO42− and Cr. We revealed that the transformation products of Cr-Sch at pH 3.0 and 7.0 were goethite and Sch, respectively. The presence of Mn(II) weakened the crystallinity of the transformation products, and the trend was positively correlated with the concentration of Mn(II). However, Mn(II) changed the transformation products of Cr-Sch from hematite to goethite at pH 10.0. Mn(II) replaced Fe(III) in the mineral structures or formed Mn-O complexes with surface hydroxyl groups (-OH), thereby affecting the transformation pathways of Sch. The presence of Mn(II) enhanced the immobilization of Cr on minerals at pH 3.0 and 7.0. Sch is likely to provide an channel for electron transfer between Mn(II) and Cr(VI), which promotes the reduction of Cr(VI). Meanwhile, Mn(Ⅱ) induced more -OH production on the surface of secondary minerals, which played an important role in increasing the Cr fixation. In addition, part of the Mn(Ⅱ) was oxidized to Mn(Ⅲ)/Mn(Ⅳ) at pH 3.0 and pH 7.0. This study helps to predict the role of Mn(II) in the transformations of Cr-Sch in environments and design remediation strategies for Cr contamination.

Dual physical stimuli fluorescence response of an α-cyanostilbene derivative for dynamic information storage

α-cyanostilbene derivatives, known as AIE molecules, have the potential to serve as optical recorders and vapor sensor by altering the molecular aggregation and / or stacking models. Despite the significant scientific and technological importance of the correlation between molecular stacking modes and modulated optical properties, relevant research remains scarce. Herein, two thermodynamically stable crystalline phase (BCr and GCr) were found for a biphenyl-based cyanostilbenic compound, DSB-SQ, condensed from its solution. Uniquely, the BCr demonstrated reversible mechanochromism and irreversible thermalchromism, whereas GCr remained unaffected by exposure to light, heat, grinding, etc. The discoloration process was correlated with the variation of local dipole coupling modes during the phase transition, leading to a significant change in π-π overlap and delocalization of excited states. Finally, the BCr was doped with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to prepare a composite membrane with dynamic information storage and encryption function.

Rapid Diagenesis and Microbial Biosignature Degradation in Spring Carbonates from Crystal Geyser, Utah

Carbonate rocks retain a well preserved record of biologically associated structures at the outcrop to millimeter scale, however microscale features such as cellular fossils are rarely represented. The lack of microscale textural information in ancient carbonates is commonly attributed to processes relating to carbonate diagenesis. However, there are relatively few examples of precisely how and when these destructive processes occur, particularly in active precipitating systems. To better understand the taphonomy of carbonate precipitating environments through early diagenesis, we investigated Crystal Geyser, an active cold water carbonate spring ( about 18 deg C) located in Grand County, Utah. Here we show that rapid precipitation is effective at initially capturing cell-like structures and forming associated microscale laminated stromatolites; however, these morphologies degrade immediately after their formation. We attribute destructive diagenetic effects to the recrystallization of metastable aragonite into the more stable polymorph calcite (i.e., inversion) and the associated textural coarsening that homogenizes and erases the original fabric (i.e., aggrading neomorphism). Despite the loss of microscale morphological information, chemical biosignatures in the form of macromolecular organics remain dispersed throughout the disrupted carbonate textures. These observations provide an example of penecontemporaneous diagenesis that obliterates primary microscale textures in carbonate rocks. Similar mechanisms and their rapid timing, as shown here, likely contributes to the observed lack of microscale morphological biosignatures in many ancient carbonates. This work further highlights that within such systems, permineralization by a more stable crystalline phase, such as chert, must occur rapidly after deposition to effectively retain these signatures over geological timescales.

Evolution of Ni-induced orthorhombic phase in SnO2: Influence of Ni on the optical and photocatalytic properties

This paper presents the impact of nickel doping on the structural, optical and photocatalytic characteristics of Sn1-xNixO2 (x = 0, 0.3, 0.05, 0.07) nanoparticles. The samples are synthesized via the chemical co-precipitation method. Information on the structural properties of the samples is obtained via the Rietveld refinement technique. As the dopant concentration increases, a partially stable orthorhombic phase emerges and becomes prominent, indicating a correlation with the amount of Ni dopant. This orthorhombic phase arises during the transformation from the amorphous state to a more stable crystalline phase. The FESEM-EDAX analysis demonstrates the uniform distribution of agglomerated particles. Additionally, the Raman data provides information related to surface defects and vacancies. A minor increase in the band gap value is detected, and this observed blue shift can be attributed to the Burstein-Moss effect. The samples exhibit a strong blue emission, primarily attributed to surface defects and states, particularly due to the oxygen vacancies. The CIE coordinates show an increase in blue colour purity, making the samples suitable for blue components in white-light emitting diodes. However, the photocatalytic study reveals only partial degradation of methylene blue under visible light conditions.

Phase and properties evolution of plasma sprayed rare earth silicate coatings

Rare-earth silicates have been pursued for many years as candidates for Environmental Barrier Coatings for the protection of silicon carbide (SiC) based components in the new generation of aero and power production turbine engines. The properties and behavior of these materials are usually reported based on theoretical studies or measurements done on bulk specimens, but their prospective use is in the form of coatings. One of the most extended ways of depositing these coatings is plasma spray which produces partially or totally amorphous deposit and changes towards SiO2 lean chemical composition. In this work is comparatively discussed the effect of plasma spray deposition on Yb2Si2O7, Y2Si2O7 and the mixed cation silicate (Y0.5Yb0.5)2Si2O7 coatings. The phase evolution with temperature and its impact on the coefficient of thermal expansion, microstructure and thermal conductivity are described. The stability of crystalline phases, properties and absence of cracks in its microstructure makes (Y0.5Yb0.5)2Si2O7 a more optimum candidate among the studied rare-earth silicates for environmental barrier applications.

Room-temperature polymorphism of a benzene-1,4-dicarboxamide liquid crystal: Hydrogen-bonded polar columnar assembly

Polymorphism is a fascinating research subject as it enables diverse functionalities to be achieved from a single molecule. In this study, we present the synthesis and polymorphic behavior of a liquid crystalline (LC) benzene-1,4-dicarboxamide (BDA) derivative (1). Depending on specific thermal treatments, two distinct polymorphs can be obtained at room temperature. These include a metastable glassy columnar (Colgla) and thermodynamically stable monoclinic crystalline (Cry) phases. Through the electric analysis, the Colgla polymorph exhibits a significant piezoelectric response, while the Cry polymorph shows a negligible piezoelectric signal. Notably, the BDA molecule exhibits an 81-helix columnar assembly (Colhel) in the LC phase, comprising syn-conformers with non-zero dipole moments. According to density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the amide group is tilted by 25° with respect to the central benzene ring. The piezoelectric response of the Colhel is comparable to that of the Colgla polymorph. Therefore, it can be inferred that the polar character of the Colgla polymorph is transferred from the Colhel LC phase during the cooling process. Simulation and spectroscopic analyses further reveal that the axial polarizations of both the Colgla and Colhel are driven by the hydrogen-bonding interactions between adjacent amide units in head-to-tail. These findings shed light on the underlying mechanisms of the polymorphic behavior and piezoelectric properties exhibited by the BDA molecule.

Carboxymethyl cellulose-stabilized calcium phosphate particles for injectable hydrogel-based bone tissue engineering.

Calcium phosphate (CaP) is a widely used biocompatible and bioactive material for bone tissue engineering due to its similarity to the mineral component of natural bone. Amorphous calcium phosphate is a highly reactive form of CaP that can undergo a phase transformation into a more stable crystalline phase, making it an attractive candidate for bone regeneration applications. However, amorphous CaP is highly unstable in aqueous solutions, which limits its use in practical applications. To overcome this limitation, this research aimed to employ carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), a water-soluble biopolymer, as a stabilizer for CaP particles. CMC can form a protective layer around CaP particles, enhancing their stability and dispersion in aqueous solutions. An in situ wet chemical process was used to prepare CaP/CMC particles. A concentration of 500 mg L-1 of CMC was found to effectively stabilize the synthesized CaP particles, resulting in good dispersity. These particles were then integrated into an injectable hydrogel made of methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA) to create a promising material for bone regeneration applications. The use of CaP and CMC in combination with an injectable MeHA hydrogel provides a promising approach to develop a stable, injectable material for bone regeneration.

Valorization of ceramic sanitary waste into Resilient phosphoric acid-based geopolymers for sustainable construction: Thermal, mechanical, and microstructural properties

The construction industry's heavy reliance on conventional cement production contributes significantly to global carbon dioxide emissions, prompting the need for eco-friendly building materials. Geopolymers, synthesized from natural materials like clay and fly ash, offer a sustainable alternative to traditional cement. This paper investigates the development of phosphoric acid-activated geopolymers with sanitary ware waste (SWW) as aggregates, aiming to create high-performance, environmentally friendly building materials. Various particle sizes of SWW were incorporated into the geopolymer matrix, revealing a strong relationship between particle size and compressive strength. The inclusion of SWW improved compressive strength, with a notable 83 % increase at 30 % SWW content. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses highlighted the formation of new bonds in the geopolymeric gel, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed microcracks and good adhesion between SWW particles and the geopolymer matrix. Thermal resistance tests demonstrated that SWW-reinforced geopolymers exhibited improved resistance to high temperatures compared to the reference geopolymer. XRD analysis of thermally treated geopolymers revealed the transformation of amorphous phases into stable crystalline phases. SEM/EDX mapping confirmed the presence of silica-rich phases, contributing to the materials' mechanical properties and thermal resistance. This study underscores the potential of SWW-based geopolymers as sustainable, high-performance building materials.

Biomass encapsulated ZIF-8-derived ZnO carbon aerogels for efficient uranium extraction by synergistic adsorption-photoreduction

Semiconductor-based photocatalytic materials have been widely used in photoreduction uranium systems. However, semiconductor-based materials still have some problems such as difficult recovery, few adsorption sites, poor stability, and large bandgap width. Based on this, we constructed 3D porous konjac glucomannan-derived carbon-encapsulated carbon-doped ZnO carbon aerogels (KC@C-ZnO-X) for U(VI) adsorption-photoreduction based on the gelling properties of Konjac glucomannan (KGM) and the unique structure of ZIF-8. The KC@C-ZnO-1.5 achieved the U(VI) removal rate of 93.5 % in 200 mg/L U(VI) solution and greatly weakened the photocorrosion of ZnO. And then the KC@C-ZnO-1.5 continued to maintain an outstanding U(VI) removal rate of 92.9 % after five cycles. Further characterization tests found that the role of 3D KGM-derived carbon aerogel (KC) encapsulation improves the stability of ZnO and carbon doping reduces the band gap width of ZnO. The mechanistic study showed that KC as the “skeleton” encapsulating C-ZnO not only enabled the catalyst to be recycled but also enhanced the photostability of ZnO. The synergistic effect of the C-ZnO and KC promoted photogenerated charge separation and facilitated the generation of ·O2−, leading to the further formation of the stable (UO3·NH3·H2O) crystalline phase.

Effect of the size of the central atom on the stability of crystalline phases in solid solutions (NH4)3TixSn1-xF7

The effect of a change in internal pressure as a result of partial substitution of the central atom on the realization and stability of the initial and distorted crystalline phases in (NH4)3TixSn1-xF7 solid solutions has been studied. It was found that at a Ti concentration in the range of x = 0.15–0.40, the reconstructive transition Pm-3m ↔ Pa-3 is transformed into a sequence of phase transitions Pm-3m ↔ P4/mbm ↔ P4/mnc ↔ Pa-3. In the (NH4)3Ti0.15Sn0.85F7 solid solution, the first-order phase transition between two cubic phases at T0 = 352 K is characterized by a significant volume jump δ(ΔV/V0) ≈ 1 %, comparable with that in (NH4)3SnF7. An increase of the Ti concentration leads to a strong decrease in the stability of the Pm-3m cubic phase: the first tetragonal P4/mbm phase appears in (NH4)3Ti0.4Sn0.6F7 at T0 = 400 K, which proves the existence of the predicted high-temperature cubic phase in (NH4)3TiF7. In solid solutions, a decrease in birefringence and entropy of phase transitions was observed in comparison with the initial compounds with Sn and Ti as central atoms. The role of critical parameters (unit cell volume, temperature, external pressure) in the formation of cubic and distorted phases is discussed.

Highly efficient and durable syngas production over one-step synthesized synergistic oxygen carriers in biomass chemical looping gasification

Biomass chemical looping gasification (BCLG) gives a promising platform for cost-effective and low-polluting syngas production. To overcome the cumbersome process and poor dispersion of two-step synthesized synergistic oxygen carriers (OCs), NiO-LaFeO3 synergistic OCs were synthesized in one-step by sol–gel method with the found best Ni introduction amount of 0.5. The high lattice oxygen mobility and powerful oxidation capacity derived from the Ni-Fe synergistic effect made it perform better in the BCLG reaction. Due to the extraordinary stability of crystalline phase and oxygen activity, its reactivity did not suffer from any degradation during the 50 long-time redox cycles over 2750 min under the optimal working conditions of the ex-situ configuration, mutual mode and steam/biomass mass ratio of 5.0. The gas yield, carbon conversion, syngas selectivity and H2/CO ratio were constantly maintained around 1846.45 mL/g, 86.74%, 79.96% and 2.0, respectively. This study provides a feasible technical route for highly efficient and durable syngas production.

Fabrication of highly efficient hydroxyapatite microtubes for uranium sequestration and immobilization

Uranium-containing wastewater is a common by-product of uranium mining. Phosphate and phosphate minerals can interact with uranyl ions [U(VI)], impeding the migration of these ions by forming relatively stable uranium-containing crystalline phase(s). In this study, hydroxyapatite microtubes (HAP-T) were fabricated to sequester uranyl ions from simulated radioactive wastewater. HAP-T had excellent adsorption and stability properties; over 98.76% of U(VI) could be sequestrated by 0.25 g/L HAP-T within 5 min at pH = 4.0. The isotherms and kinetics data could be suitably reflected by the Freundlich and the pseudo second-order kinetic models, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of HAP-T was 356.42 mg/g. The adsorption ability of HAP-T for U(VI) was inhibited when Mg2+ or SO42− ions or fulvic acid (FA) substances existed in the simulated radioactive wastewater. The inhibition by FA was attributed to its negative charges, which caused competition between FA and HAP-T for uranium sequestration. The primary mechanisms of U(VI) sequestration by HAP-T were electrostatic interactions and surface complexation. The effectiveness of HAP-T, HAP-B (bio-hydroxyapatite synthesized from fish bone), and HAP-C (commercially available synthesized hydroxyapatite) for uranium immobilization was compared; HAP-T was more effective than HAP-B or HAP-C in immobilizing uranium. HAP-T, which has a micron-sized tubular structure, is likely less mobile in groundwater than are HAP-B and HAP-C, which have nanoscale granular structures. In conclusion, HAP-T can be used to sequester and immobilize uranyl ions.

Immobilization of chromium in real tannery sludge via heat treatment with coal fly ash

The secure and harmless disposal for Cr-bearing tannery sludge (Cr-TS) has attracted an increasing concern, due to potentially adverse effect on ecosystem and human health. A greener alternative method about “waste treatment with waste” for thermally stabilizing real Cr-TS was developed via employing coal fly ash (CA) as dopants in this research. The co-heat treatment of Cr-TS and CA was carried out at the temperature range of 600–1200 °C to investigate the oxidation of Cr(III), immobilization of chromium and leaching risk of the sintered products, and the mechanism of chromium immobilization was further explored. The results indicate that the doping of CA can significantly inhibit the oxidation of Cr(III) and immobilize chromium by incorporating chromium into spinel and uvarovite microcrystal. At the temperature higher than 1000 °C, most of chromium can be converted into stable crystalline phases. Furthermore, a prolonged leaching test was conducted to study the leaching toxicity of chromium in sintered products, indicating that leaching content of chromium is much less than the regulatory limit. This process is a feasible and promising alternative for immobilization of chromium in Cr-TS. The research findings are supposed to offer a theoretical foundation and strategy choice for thermal stabilization of chromium, as well as safety and harmless disposal of Cr-containing hazardous waste.