Stability Of Vortex Structures Research Articles

Effect of spiral vortices on the stability of vortex structures in the diffusor

It is known that the cause of the instability of stationary vortex structures are the convective terms of the Navier-Stokes equations. Here, the formation of vortex structures is fundamentally influenced by the vector product of the velocity curl and the velocity vector. Spiral vortices are contingent on the zero value of this product and are one of the causes of the formation of a non-stationary rope in a diffusor. In the paper, equations of spiral vortices are derived and the condition of the vortex stability in a diffusor is determined depending on the existence of spiral vortices. In this sense, new forms of the Navier-Stokes equations are derived. It is possible to analyze the influence of boundary conditions on the stability of vortex structures. The theoretical knowledge is applied to the analysis of the stability of the vortex rope in a diffusor. In addition, a simple method for detecting the onset of the instability of vortex structures is presented.

Rewritable ferroelectric vortex pairs in BiFeO3

Ferroelectric vortex in multiferroic materials has been considered as a promising alternative to current memory cells for the merit of high storage density. However, the formation of regular natural ferroelectric vortex is difficult, restricting the achievement of vortex memory device. Here, we demonstrated the creation of ferroelectric vortex-antivortex pairs in BiFeO3 thin films by using local electric field. The evolution of the polar vortex structure is studied by piezoresponse force microscopy at nanoscale. The results reveal that the patterns and stability of vortex structures are sensitive to the poling position. Consecutive writing and erasing processes cause no influence on the original domain configuration. The Z4 proper coloring vortex-antivortex network is then analyzed by graph theory, which verifies the rationality of artificial vortex-antivortex pairs. This study paves a foundation for artificial regulation of vortex, which provides a possible pathway for the design and realization of non-volatile vortex memory devices and logical devices.

The effect of particles and electromagnetic waves on vortex structures in the atmosphere and the ionosphere

The formation of vortex structures in an inhomogeneous gyrotropic atmosphere was stochastically determined. Atmospheric gyrotropy is induced by the Coriolis force acting as the Earth rotates and the motion of charged particles in the geomagnetic field. Vortices of a plasma nature are observed in the atmosphere. The electric field of such plasma vortices originates within the fields of pressure gradients of a mosaic cell topology upon the ionization of particles. It is shown that waves in a neutral atmosphere, electric fields, and electromagnetic waves affect the stability of vortex structures. Wave signals from anthropogenic sources and smog may stimulate local precipitation upon the passage of a cloud front and weaken or strengthen vortex structures. The plasma vortex may capture charged particles of different masses. The charge separation in plasma vortex structures is driven by the polarization drift at the decay of electric fields. The self-focusing of plasma vortices upon the condensation of moisture in the atmospheric cloud cover leads to an increase in the energy of vortices.

磁気渦コア反転における磁気渦構造の安定性

磁気渦コア反転における磁気渦構造の安定性

Vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates: A review of the experimental results

Rotating dilute Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) of alkali atoms offer a testing ground for theories of vortices in weakly interacting superfluids. In a rotating super-fluid, quantised vortices, with a vorticity h/m, form above a critical velocity. Such vortices have been generated in BEC of alkali atoms by different techniques such as (a) wave function engineering of a two-component BEC, (b) decay of solitons, (c) rotation of a thermal cloud before cooling it below the condensation temperature, (d) stirring with an ‘optical’ spoon, (e) rotating a deformation in the anisotropic trap in which the condensate is trapped and (f) by creating Berry phase by adiabatically reversing the axial magnetic field. Since the core of a vortex is a fraction of a micrometer in diameter, it cannot be directly imaged optically. The condensate with vortices is allowed to ballistically expand till the size increases by one order before the vortices are imaged. Surface wave spectroscopy and the change in aspect ratio of a rotating cloud are the other techniques used. Studies have been made on the creation and dynamics of single vortex and on systems with more than a hundred vortices. Results have been obtained on vortex nucleation, stability of vortex structures, nature of the vortex lattice and defects in such a lattice. Important results are: (a) evidence exists that vortex nucleation takes place by a surface mode instability; but this is not the only mechanism; (b) the vortex lattice is perfectly triangular right up to the edge; (c) in the initial stages of rotation of the cloud a tangled web of vortices is seen; it takes a few hundred milliseconds before the vortices arrange themselves in a lattice; this time appears to be independent of temperature; (d) the decay of vortices appears to arise from the transfer of energy to the rotating thermal component and is dependent on temperature; (e) defects in the lattices such as dislocations and grain boundaries are seen; (f) transverse oscillations (Tkachenko modes) of the vortex lattice have been observed; and (g) giant vortices have been produced. These will be discussed.

Stability of vortex structures in quantum dots

We study the stability and structure of vortices emerging in two-dimensional quantum dots in high magnetic fields. Our results obtained with exact diagonalization and density-functional calculations show that vortex structures can be found in various confining potentials. In non-symmetric external potentials we find off-electron vortices that are localized giving rise to charge deficiency or holes in the electron density with rotating currents around them. We discuss the role of quantum fluctuations and show that vortex formation is observable in the energetics of the system. Our findings suggest that vortices can be used to characterize the solutions in high magnetic fields, giving insight into the underlying internal structure of the electronic wave function.

Laminar Forced Convection in Curved Channel with Vortex Structures

Theoretical and experimental investigations of heat transfer in flat curvilinear channel have been carried out. Linear and non-linear effects of Dean vortexes on intensity of heat transfer were taken into account. The linear effect, which describe harmonic (sinuous) variation of the heat transfer coefficient near the concave surface of the channel and the non-linear effect causes the general increase of the heat transfer coefficient due to augmentation of heat transfer engendered by the Dean vortexes. For both effects, mathematical relations were obtained in the form of quadratures. These numerical results were modified to the form convenient in engineering calculations. The investigations have shown that both linear and nonlinear components grow up with the Dean number. Nonlinear component \(Q\frac{T}{0}\) increases more abruptly, while the linear one \(Q\frac{T}{1}\) is more conservative. This is a confirmation of stability of vortex structures.