Stability In Nigeria Research Articles

Archaeology and Social Stability in Nigeria: An Appraisal

Archaeology and Social Stability in Nigeria: An Appraisal

Monetary Policy Mechanisms and Economic Growth Stability in Nigeria

The study considers the effectiveness of monetary policy tools in guaranteeing economic growth stability in Nigeria. In recent times monetary policy tools have become very productive in stabilizing an economy. Thus, this study employs three monetary policy instruments which include: money supply, interest rate and exchange rate to examine the effectiveness of the monetary policy on economic growth stability in Nigeria from 1998 to 2018. The findings reveal that the money supply is substantially positive in influencing the GDP, which is used as a proxy for economic growth stability. However, interest rate and exchange rate do not have a significant impact on the GDP. The study concludes that money supply is the most productive monetary policy tool in Nigeria and recommends its proper usage to achieve maximum economic benefit. The relevant financial power (CBN) in the country is encouraged to allow more accessibility to credits by reducing interest rate and exchange rate fluctuations.

Academics and Election Administration in Nigeria

AbstractDemocratization has proceeded in Africa in terms of implementing multiparty democracy. However, there are still major challenges with this process across the continent. By examining the contribution of the intellectual to election administration in Africa vis‐à‐vis the political obligation of the citizen to the state, the knowledge of political science plays a significant role in resolving the challenges mitigating against democratic consolidation in the continent. This article interrogates the responsibilities of university academics in election administration from 1959 to 2019 and recounts the impact of such interventions for democratization and political stability in Nigeria. Our enquiry reveals that many of the problems undermining election administration are clearly beyond the interventions by these academics. The constraints and limitations of university academics in their efforts as instruments of large‐scale political change in Nigeria are connected largely with the fact that no institution or segment of the society is insulated from the power associated with politics in Nigeria. Accordingly, beyond election administration and also beyond the role of the intelligentsia therein, Nigeria's political ecology must undergo significant holistic changes to deliver a credible, fair and transparent electoral process. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Political Instability: A Major Detriment to Bank Stability in Nigeria - A Case Study Analysis (United Bank for Africa)

This paper aims to study how political instability affects bank stability in Nigeria. The reason for this study stems from the paradoxical observation that, although a lot of factors have been affecting the bank stability in Nigeria. But political instability is seen as one of the major factors that can cause instability with banks in the country. The major objective of this research work is to examine how political instability affects the bank stability with United Bank for Africa (UBA). In the process of carrying out this research work, various variables such as interest rate, gross domestic product, exchange rate, profitability ratio, unemployment rate, and z-score were adopted. The data used in this research were secondary data obtained from the financial statement analysis of United Bank for Africa and the World Development Indicators (WDI). The augmented dickey fuller test (ADF) for unit root test, Correlation analysis, Bound test and Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) were used in the estimation to this paper work. Findings were drawn from the research that political instability leads to an economic slump where the exchange rate fluctuates, and GDP declines and this is harmful for the profitability of UBA.

An Empirical Analysis of The Effect of Monetary Policy on Inflation in Nigeria; 1970 – 2018

This study empirically analysed the effect of monetary policy on inflation in Nigeria; 1970 – 2018. The objective is to determine the effectiveness of monetary policy instruments on inflation in Nigeria. In doing this, relevant literature was reviewed and theoretical relationship between monetary policy and inflation was established following the quantity theory of money by Irving Fisher. The study employed time series data sourced from the statistical bulletin of Central bank of Nigeria (CBN) 2018. Stationarity test was also conducted on the time series data to determine the order of integration using Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test. The unit root test revealed that inflation rate was stationary at level i.e. I(0) while monetary policy rate, treasury bill rate and cash reserve ratio were stationary at first difference i.e. I(1). The estimated results showed that there is cointegration between monetary policy variables and inflation rate in Nigeria. The results revealed that Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) was statistically significant in the short run after first difference, which indicates that monetary policy rate (MPR) exerts significant effect on inflation in Nigeria in the short run. Based on these findings, the study concluded that monetary policy variables alone are not sufficient enough in maintaining price stability in Nigeria. Therefore, the Federal government, Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and policy makers should simultaneously use monetary and fiscal policy instruments to maintain price stability in Nigeria.

Dialectics of Freedom in Franz Fanon: A Potent Tool towards Achieving Political Stability in Nigeria

Dialectics of Freedom in Franz Fanon: A Potent Tool towards Achieving Political Stability in Nigeria

Monetary and fiscal policy mix in a small open economy: Evidence from Nigeria

In this article we employed structural vector auto-regressive (SVAR) model to assess the degree of coordination between monetary and fiscal policy and how such coordination has helped to attain common policy goals of macroeconomic stability in Nigeria using monthly data from 2003 to 2017. Our main results indicate that while expansionary monetary policy may have contemporaneous positive effects on the economy, expansionary fiscal policy, however, does not automatically translate to growth. On the other hand, fiscal expansion aggravates price level but has no significant impact on interest rates. Thus, the main conclusion of the article is that even though, coordinated, rather than divergence measures of monetary and fiscal policies could help to stimulate economic growth without imperiling price stability. Hence, fiscal activities around more capital projects will help uplift the economy and further spur private sector investment appetite in the economy.

Oil Price Shocks, Fuel Subsidies and Macroeconomic (In)stability in Nigeria

This paper studies the macroeconomic implications of oil price shocks and the extant fuel subsidy regime for Nigeria. To do this, we develop and estimate a New-Keynesian DSGE model that accounts for pass-through effect of international oil price into the retail price of fuel. Our results show that oil price shocks generate significant and persistent impacts on output, accounting for about 22 percent of its variations up to the fourth year. Under our benchmark model (i.e. with fuel subsidies), we show that a negative oil price shock contracts aggregate GDP, boosts non-oil GDP, increases headline inflation, and depreciates the exchange rate. However, results generated under the model without fuel subsidies indicate that the contractionary effect of a negative oil price shock on aggregate GDP is moderated, headline inflation decreases, while the exchange rate depreciates more in the short-run. Counterfactual simulations also reveal that fuel subsidy removal leads to higher macroeconomic instabilities and generates non-trivial implications for the response of monetary policy to an oil price shock. Thus, this study cautions that a successful fuel subsidy reform must necessarily encompass the deployment of well-targeted safety nets as well as the evolution of sustainable adjustment mechanisms.

Grappling with Corruption in Democratic Nigeria

Nigeria, especially since its return to democratic governance in 1999, has been inherently laden and plagued with the malady known as corruption. Corruption remains the greatest undoing and bane of the nation’s socio-economic and political development as well as democratic consolidation. Evidently, the menace of corruption in a democratic ambience as Nigeria corrodes public trust in the system, magnifies unemployment and intensifies underdevelopment in all sectors of the economy. It is akin to a cancerous disease that spreads very rapidly through the host, destroys cells, weakens the body and in the process of time kills its victim. Although it pervades every strata of the society, this study is an exploration of the concept and context of political corruption with regards to political elites who hold positions of authority and in control of the society’s common wealth as exemplified in the play, Dawn of Awareness by Felix Akinsipe. This paper argues that sustainable development and political stability in Nigeria will remain a mirage for as long as political corruption continue to hold sway and remain unimpeded by not curbing the impunity with which political office holders indulge in corrupt practices. The paper recommends that stringent punitive measures must be put in place as well as value re-orientation for all public officers holding leadership positions.

Oil Price Shocks, Fuel Subsidies and Macroeconomic (In)stability in Nigeria

This paper studies the macroeconomic implications of oil price shocks and the extant fuel subsidy regime for Nigeria. To do this, we develop and estimate a New-Keynesian DSGE model that accounts for pass-through effect of international oil price into the retail price of fuel. Our results show that oil price shocks generate significant and persistent impacts on output, accounting for about 22 percent of its variations up to the fourth year. Under our benchmark model (i.e. with fuel subsidies), we show that a negative oil price shock contracts aggregate GDP, boosts non-oil GDP, increases headline inflation, and depreciates the exchange rate. However, results generated under the model without fuel subsidies indicate that the contractionary effect of a negative oil price shock on aggregate GDP is moderated, headline inflation decreases, while the exchange rate depreciates more in the short-run. Counterfactual simulations also reveal that fuel subsidy removal leads to higher macroeconomic instabilities and generates non-trivial implications for the response of monetary policy to an oil price shock. Thus, this study cautions that a successful fuel subsidy reform must necessarily encompass the deployment of well-targeted safety nets as well as the evolution of sustainable adjustment mechanisms.

EMPIRICAL STUDY OF FEDERALISM AND POLITICAL STABILITY IN NIGERIA

Federalism and Political stability are two concepts that are of significance to all modern societies. Federalism promotes pluralism and dispersal of power which is good for a multi-ethnic society like Nigeria. But in Nigeria, the practice has generated unending tensions among the individuals, communities and ethnic groups within it. However, this study argues that healthy federalism is a political panacea for ethnic violence, governance crisis and political instability in Nigeria. This study empirically examined the relationship between federalism and political stability in Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive and casual research design as well as the survey method. In the investigation, a total of 428 respondents were sampled using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson product-moment correlation and linear regression analysis. Findings revealed that federalism has a positive and significant relationship with political stability in Nigeria at (R = .732, R2 = 614 at p = 0.000). The statistical result shows that there is a strong relationship between federalism and political stability in Nigeria and that federalism accounts for 61.4% of variations in political stability in Nigeria. Requisite conclusions and recommendations were provided in the light of empirical and theoretical findings.

Islamic Religious Studies: An Instrument of Peace, Unity and Stability in Nigeria

Islamic Religious Studies: An Instrument of Peace, Unity and Stability in Nigeria

Changing but Fragile: Female Breadwinning and Family Stability in Nigeria

Even though the phenomenon of female family support may not be entirely new in Africa, breadwinning is the primary role of men in most African societies. However, as more women get education and enter paid employment, and some men lose jobs, traditional breadwinning roles are challenged and, sometimes, inverted as growing numbers of women become family breadwinners. Female breadwinning may not be without implications for family stability, however, as it confronts instituted normative gender order in patriarchal societies. While female breadwinners are increasingly common in industrialized societies, and literature exists on their trajectories in such contexts, more recent works are needed in Africa, particularly Nigeria. This article, therefore, examines the nexus of female breadwinning and family stability in Nigeria. This article is an important one on a growing phenomenon in Africa resulting from urbanization, industrialization and economic crises in certain regions of the continent. Guided by modernization and patriarchy theories, the study relied on qualitative method of data collection. Twenty in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted in contexts of female breadwinning families. Data were analysed and presented as interpretive narratives. An interesting relationship was found between female breadwinning and family stability in the setting. Generational influences and associated outcomes were also found and presented in this article.

Re-examining the determinants of bank profitability in Nigeria

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the determinants of bank profitability in Nigeria. Specifically, the study investigates the effect of managerial cost efficiency on bank profitability. Also, since there exist mixed results and controversies in the literature, in both developed and developing countries, regarding the effect of efficiency on bank profitability, this study employs the standard measure of efficiency. In addition, the work incorporates the role of persistence, which is often neglected in the literature in developing countries. Design/methodology/approach This study employs system generalized method of moments. Findings The findings, using the case of Nigeria, show that cost efficiency is a strong determinant of bank profitability in developing countries. In addition, the profitability of banks in Nigeria persists over time; hence, the industry is fairly competitive. Research limitations/implications The recent policies of banking industry recapitalization meant to increase profitability and stability in Nigeria and other African countries’ banking industry will not be effective if the issue of managerial efficiency is not properly addressed. Practical implications Improving the banking managerial efficiency will positively reduce bad loans, hence leading to the stability in the banking system. Originality/value The authors introduce efficiency using standard measure of stochastic frontier analysis for its measurement. Also, this study introduces the role of persistence in the literature in developing countries.

Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on Profitability of Deposit Money Banks (DMB’s): A Study of DMB’s with International Operating License in Nigeria

The study examined the Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on Profitability of Deposit Money Banks (DMB’s) as obtained from their annual report for 2017 using their Return on Assets (RoA) as Profitability parameter. OLS method was used via SPSS 20.0 to run the data used in the research with findings that; there exist a strong positive relationship between CAR and ROA of Deposit Money Banks (DMB’s) in Nigeria and recommends that the banks’ regulators should not only focus on Capital Adequacy but also on strategic monitoring and evaluation to maintain banks’ financial strength and stability in Nigeria. Keywords: Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Profitability, Deposit Money Banks (DMB’s) DOI : 10.7176/RJFA/10-10-10 Publication date :May 31 st 2019

Monetary Policy and the Performance of the Manufacturing Sector in Nigeria (1986-2017)

This study examined the effect of monetary policy on the performance of the Manufacturing sector in Nigeria. The explanatory variables are monetary policy rate, Treasury bills rate, Cash reserve requirement and money supply; while the dependent variable is the Manufacturing (MANU) sector output. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design and used secondary data obtained from the CBN Statistical Bulletin. The study covered a period of 32 years (1986 to 2017). The data were subjected to Augmented Dicker Fuller stationarity test to determine the best suitable econometric tool of analyses. The Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) was used for the model estimation. The results indicate that: monetary policy tools have significant effect on the manufacturing sector output in Nigeria in the short run only. The study thus concludes that monetary policy tools may not be a long run policy instrument for the growth of the manufacturing sector output in Nigeria but rather short run instruments. This study recommended that money supply and treasury bills can be used in the short run as policy instruments to maintain macroeconomic stability in Nigeria with reference to the manufacturing sector.

Financial Deepening and Market Stability in Nigeria

Financial Deepening and Market Stability in Nigeria

Principle of Loyal Opposition: The Case of Political Parties in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic

Modern understandings of democracy not only suggest a regime in which those who govern are selected through contested elections, but more fundamentally, a system of government in which parties lose elections. Yet, the mechanism of vertical accountability whereby the people can hold the ruling government responsible depends on parties in opposition providing choices for voters while remaining loyal to the idea of governmental power. Adopting the principle of loyal opposition as the basis of this study in the Nigerian context, we try to interrogate whether the duty to serve as “government in-waiting’’ equally affects how the duty to critique the actions of the government is performed. The study further probed; can a ruling party cope with the criticism of the opposition party? To answer these questions, the study argued that it is tempting not to assume that, the institution of political party is still at its lowest ebb despite the successful democratic transition in Nigeria since 1999, and the alternation of political power resulting in the change of party in government from the People’s Democratic Party to the All Progressives Congress in 2015. These issues have consequences for the principle of loyal opposition and democratic stability in Nigeria.

NIGERIA JOURNAL OF HOME ECONOMICS (Nig-JHEC) Vol 8, No 3, March 2020

CONTENTSDeterminants of Biomarkers of Ageing GracefullyLilian Imuetinyan Salami & Isoken Ihensekhien
 Influence of Parenting on Aggressiveness in Senior Secondary Schools Adolescents in Orumba South Education Zone,Anambra StateChimaA. Ejeabukwa, Ozioma C.Azubuike and Pat E. Mbah
 Effect of Mosquito Repellent Herbs (scent Leaf, Mint Leaf and Lemon Grass) on Textile Fabrics.Nwanorue, G. I., Lemchi, S. N., Okeke, E. N., Olubiyi, E. O., Odigbo, G.A. & Uwabuike, M.
 Capacity Building Needs of Home Makers in Family Clothing Management in Lagos State, NigeriaOluwaleyimu, O. O
 Empowerment ofYouths For Sustaining National Stability in Nigeria: The Role of Home Economics.Alabi Olufunmilayo. F
 Development of Self-Instructional Manual for Learning Selected Bead-Crafts in Home Economics Programme in Colleges of Education.Madu Elizabeth N. & Anyakoha E.U.
 AnAssessment of Nutritional Knowledge and Food Practices of Homemakers inAyamelum Local Government Area,Anambra State.Nomeh Blessing C.
 Imperatives of Using Home Economics to Curb the Menace of Domestic Violence and Child Trafficking inNigeria.Mariyam Bello,Abdullahi, M. B. & Daniel O. V
 Consumers' Acceptability of Indigenous Black Soap Enhanced With Mixture of Aloe Vera, Camwood, Honey, LemonAnd Tumeric.T. T.Adebisi, F. D. Tijani, H.A. Usman & D. O.Arubayi,
 Development of Textile and Apparel Sector in Nigeria for Jobs and Wealth Creation.Fadipe E. O & Obiana, U. V
 Youth Empowerment as a Tool for Sustaining National Stability.Zainab M. Abbas, Philip-Ogoh, Agnes, & Ahamba E. N.
 Family Life and Work Performance of Workers in Akwa-Ibom State.Iniobong Aniekan Nyarks (Ph.D)
 Assessment of a Manual for Evaluating the Quality of Ready-To-Wear Apparels Produced In South-East,Nigeria.Ozor, Patience. E. (Ph.D) & Prof. C.A, Igbo
 Figure Faults, Garment Selection Practices and Clothing Problems of Business Women in Osisioma Ngwa Local GovernmentArea of Abia State, Nigeria.Ozougwu S.U (PhD) & Ugoeze C. C.
 103Personal Hygiene Practices of Students inAlvan Ikoku Federal College of Education, Owerri, Imo State.Ohaka,Adaku R. & Lemchi, S. N.
 Production and Utilization of Tie Dye for Economic Empowerment of the Youth in Clothing and Textile in Nigeria.Madu E. N. (PhD) &AfurobiAda (PhD)
 Impact of Parenting Styles on the Personal and Social Development of School Aged Children in Imo State, Nigeria.Ekomaru, C. I., Iheme, G. O., Okwuleghe, F. C. & Opara, H. C.
 Influence of Consumer Choice of Clothing on Society in Port Harcourt Metropolis.Wonah, Efemena E.
 Influence of Family Planning Practices on Birth Control in Nigeria.Oshio Lucy E. & Ihensekhien, I.
 Acceptability of Vegetable Flan Produced From Composite Flour (Wheat and Corn) as Snack for Middle Age (40-65years).Johnson, W. O and Ijaduola, E. T.
 Improving Household Food Security for National Stability.Okosun, C. J. (PhD)Aluyor .P. (PhD), & Onyeizu .R. (PhD)
 Capacity Building Needs of Home Economics Teachers Teaching Garment Making in Ebonyi State.Okeke, E. N & Ohaka, R.A.
 Proximate Composition and Microbial Characteristics of Processed Tiger Nut Milk (Cyperus esculentus).Apata, O. C., Ajayi, O. O. &Adebayo, I. N.
 Vegetable Farming: A Strategy for Household Food and Economic Securing Among Women in Oshimili South, Delta State, Nigeria.Okafor Patience & Madiche W.
 Clothing Construction Vocation: A Strategy For Sustaining Family Empowerment, National Stability And Emerging Challenges in Bade LGA,Yobe State.Obiana, U. V, Fadipe, E. O. & Isiguzo, V.
 Assessment of Sanitation Practices of Students of Federal College of Education (Technical) Akoka For Healthy LivingAnd Wellness.Busasi, Olabisi &Al-Hassan, M. Olubukola
 Importance of Functional Foods in Diseases Prevention and Promotion of Health In Colleges of Education in Delta State, NigeriaIsibor A. Osas
 Homemaking Skills and Family Relationship: A Pre-requisite for National Stability in Orashi Region, Rivers StateSalomi O. Onoriode, Nathaniel Maria & Amewhule O. Q. Esther

POLITICS, INSECURITY AND INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS (IDPS) IN NORTH-EASTERN NIGERIA, 2009-2015: A CRITICAL REVIEW

This paper is an empirical treatise which examined the impact of social media usage on political participation of university undergraduates for political stability in Nigeria. It raises questions about the interplay of indispensable social media usage which also grants greater access to information that stimulates political participation for political stability in Nigeria. This study is a descriptive survey research. The population of this study consisted of all undergraduates in universities in Oyo State. The target population for this study was all 400 level undergraduates from two purposively sampled universities in Oyo State. The multi-stage sampling procedure was adopted for this study, as different sampling techniques were used at different stages of sampling in this study. Proportionate sampling technique was adopted in the selection of 387 respondents from the two sampled universities. A researchers’-designed questionnaire with psychometrics properties of content validity and 0.84 reliability index. Percentage, mean and standard deviation, and bar chart were used to illustrate the results. Results show, that social media is indispensable among university undergraduates and has a greater impact on their political participation in political stability. It shows that utilizing social media is an effective strategy for arousing the interest of university undergraduates in political participation. University undergraduates do not want social media to be regulated as it provides them with the tool to engage in governance and ensure the country remain politically stable. It also instituted the importance of a holistic approach to social media development, in terms of research and practice.