Body Stability Research Articles

Application of a virtual reality tracker-based system to measure seated postural stability in stroke patients

BackgroundPostural stability while sitting is an important indicator of balance and an early predictor for future functional improvement in neurorehabilitation, but the evaluation is usually dependent on clinical balance function measures. Meanwhile, instrumental posturography has been used widely to obtain quantitative data and characterize balance abilities and underlying control mechanisms, but not as often for sitting balance. Moreover, traditional kinetic methods using a force platform to test sitting stability often require modification and are costly. We proposed a tracker-based posturography with a commercial virtual reality system, the VIVE Pro system (HTC, Inc. Taiwan), to record the trunk displacement (TD) path with a lumbar tracker for evaluation of sitting stability. The goals were to test the reliability and validity of the TD parameters among stroke patients.MethodsTwenty-one stroke individuals and 21 healthy adults had their postural sway measured with this system under four sitting conditions, i.e., sitting on a solid surface or a soft surface, with eyes open or closed. The test–retest reliability of the TD parameters was evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients in 22 participants. We also tested the discriminative validity of these parameters to discriminate between stroke and healthy controls, and among four sitting conditions. Furthermore, the TD parameters were correlated with the three balance function tests: the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients (PASS) and the Function in Sitting Test (FIST).ResultsThe results indicated that the TD parameters obtained by tracker-based posturography had mostly moderate to good reliability across the four conditions, with a few exceptions in the solid surface and eyes open tasks. The TD parameters could discriminate the postural stability between sitting on solid and soft surfaces. The stroke group had more seated postural sway than the control group, especially while sitting on a soft surface. In addition, velocity measures in the sagittal and frontal planes had moderate to high correlations with the PASS and BBS scores.ConclusionsThis tracker-based system is a cost-effective option for the clinical assessment of body stability for stroke patients in a seated position and shows acceptable reliability and validity.

Investigation of structure–stability correlations of reconstructed oil bodies

To overcome the challenges of complex synthesis methods and the thermodynamic instability associated with conventional emulsions, the artificial oil bodies (AOBs) containing oil body proteins (OBPs) and phospholipids (PLs) were fabricated using ultrasonication and the correlations between their reconstituted structures and characteristics were investigated. As the PL concentration was increased, the concentrations of α-helix and β-turns in interfacial proteins decreased, whereas those of β-sheets and random coils increased. Moreover, the number of the intermolecular hydrogen bond first increased and then decreased. At an OBP/PL ratio of 0.5, the AOBs exhibited the lowest mean particle size (unimodal distribution), highest creaming index, and lowest KE. The oxidation stabilities of the AOBs with OBP/PL ratios of 0.05 and 0.015 were higher than those of other AOBs. Furthermore, statistical analysis indicated that the secondary structure and tyrosine residues of the interface protein were significantly correlated with the stability of the AOBs (p < 0.05), but the hydrogen bond of the interface protein has a low correlation with the stability of the oil body.

Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Water Content on Coal Body Strength and Stability

Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Water Content on Coal Body Strength and Stability

복합운동과 단백질 보충제 섭취가 중년 비만 여성의 신체구성 및 안정시 대사량에 미치는 영향

Objectives The purpose of this study is to sequentially investigate the effects of regular complex exercise and appropriate protein supplement intake on resting metabolic rate during body composition and stabilization for middle-aged obese women in their 50’s & 60’s. Methods In this study, tested subjects were middle-aged obese women with a waist of 80㎝ or higher or more after menopause. It consisted of a combined exercise group (n=8), a combined exercise and protein ingestion group (n=8), and a control group. A total of 80 minutes, including warm-up (10 minutes), aerobic exercise (30 minutes), band exercise (30 minutes), and cleanup exercise (10 minutes), were conducted four times a week for eight weeks. Results There were significant differences in weight, body fat, body fat percentage, and waist circumference before & after training combined excise group and combined excise protein intake group. Conclusions Complex exercise combined with protein intake was found to be effective in improving body composition.

Pattern Recognition: Features of Motor Fitness of 9-Year-Old Schoolchildren

The purpose of the study was to identify the gender-related features of motor fitness of 9-year-old schoolchildren.&#x0D; Materials and methods. The study involved 83 9-year-old schoolchildren (35 girls, 48 boys). The children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The study used the following research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observations, testing of motor fitness, probabilistic approach to assessing the learning process, methods of mathematical statistics. In the experiment, the study controlled the level of proficiency in the following exercises: Rope climbing in 2 steps, Rope climbing in 3 steps, One leg swing upward circle.&#x0D; Results. In the girls and boys, the differences in the level of development of movement coordination between individual parts of the body and vestibular stability are not statistically significant. The 9-year-old boys have a statistically significantly higher level of development of strength, speed strength, speed, endurance, and a higher level of proficiency in gymnastic exercises and rope climbing than the girls. The obtained canonical function explains 100% of the variation of results and is informative for classifying 8-year-old schoolchildren’s motor fitness (r = 0.937).&#x0D; The analysis of the canonical function indicates its statistical significance (λ = 0.122; p = 0.001).&#x0D; Conclusions. The canonical discriminant function can be used to classify the gender-relatedfeatures of motor fitness of 9-year-old schoolchildren. The discriminant analysis revealed the indicators that have the greatest weight in assessing the gender-related features of motor fitness of 9-year-old schoolchildren. They include the level of relative strength of the shoulder flexors, speed strength, agility, and the level of proficiency in the One leg swing upward circle on a low bar.

Dynamic Standing Exercise using the Innowalk Device in Patients with Genetic and Acquired Motor Impairments.

For individuals with motor impairments, dynamic standing has been proposed as an opportunity for regular daily physical activity. The aim of this study was to analyse patient characteristics, indications, intensity of usage, desired objectives and outcomes of dynamic standing in daily clinical practice in order to form the basis for research regarding this treatment option. Data were analysed from standardized questionnaires completed prospectively before supply of a home-based medical device for dynamic standing (Innowalk; Made for Movement GmbH, Langenhagen, Germany) and at the time of individual adaptations. In a retrospective chart analysis, records of 46 patients (50% cerebral palsy; 50% diverse syndromes) were evaluated. The Innowalk had been prescribed for either home-based use (n = 31), in therapeutic institutions (n = 8), or other settings (n = 7). Dynamic standing was performed for 10-30 min as a single session (n = 8) or for 20-60 min 11 [4-21] weeks in 36 patients. Improvements were found for: passive assisted motion (79%), stimulation of intestinal functions (71%), body stability (64%), joint mobility (56%), secure means of allowing supine position (52%), and revision of abnormal motion patterns (48%). Thus, this systematic approach shows usage patterns, indications, desired goals and clinical outcome of dynamic standing in daily clinical practice and forms the basis for the design of a prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Benefits Of Health Protocol And Covid-19 Vaccination For Indonesian People

Maintaining health and immunity as well as the benefit of the life of the general public is a fixed price. Therefore, the Indonesian people need to improve the implementation of the Covid-19 health protocol and vaccination to prevent the spread of the coronavirus which results in the death of Indonesian citizens. This paper uses a qualitative method with a library research approach. This paper resulted in the application of health protocols as preventive measures, coronavirus vaccination as a complement to maintain body stability; and consume water and vitamin C because the human body really needs vitamin C to maintain immunity and body stability from coronavirus attacks. However, the most important thing for all mankind in the world and Indonesia is to draw closer to God Almighty because He is able to help, protect, preserve, protect, and free humans from the deadly Covid-19 attack.

Video-Based 3D pose estimation for residential roofing

ABSTRACT Residential roofers are often exposed to awkward postures and motions in a prolonged time, which may not only reduce their body stability and increase fall potential, but also increase the risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). To assess their risks of fatal and musculoskeletal injuries, it is crucial to capture 3D body poses of workers during roofing tasks. In this paper, we proposed a novel two-stage motion estimation approach based on a convolution neural network to estimate residential roofer’s body poses using three-view video data. Our approach includes two stages: (1) use of an offline multi-view model to estimate the 3D pose in a single frame; (2) use of a multi-frame model to apply temporal convolutions to refine the multi-view outputs. The performance of the approach was evaluated by comparing our estimation with the gold-standard marker-based 3D human pose during one of the common residential roofing tasks – shingle installation. The evaluation results show that the proposed multi-frame model can effectively improve the accuracy of the coordinate sequence. Moreover, these results prove that the proposed video-based motion estimation approach can efficiently and accurately locate 3D body joints and pave the way for future onsite motion analysis during roofing activities.

Comparative adaptogenic properties of Withania somnifera and Panax ginseng

Adaptogens are natural (herbs) or synthetic compounds (levamisole) used to maintain stability in human body. The plant based adaptogens were mainly used to enhance the physical endurance and metal health of patients. However, adaptogens are widely studied for their ability to protect and cope up the body against physical, chemical and biological stress and related diseases. Panax ginseng and Withania somnifera are natural adaptogens, used to attenuate stress &amp; related disorders without increasing oxygen consumption. This review deals with a detailed description of adaptogenic potential of Panax ginseng and Withania somnifera in improving human health. It also focuses on the similarity and mechanism of action of Panax ginseng and Withania somnifera as adaptogens on human stress induced disorders.

Almost global practical exponential stabilisation of a floating rigid body

This paper designs a control law based on an extension of the forwarding method to solve the problem of almost global practical exponential stabilisation of a rigid body floating on the interface between viscous incompressible air and water governed by Navier–Stokes equations in a bounded domain in three dimensional space, where ‘almost’ means no collision between the rigid body and the domain boundary. Since less regularity of initial data (hence a weak solution) is considered, the forces and moments induced by the air and water on the rigid body are not possible to be bounded. Therefore, we derive the bound of ‘work and power of air and water’ on the rigid body for use in stability and convergence analysis of the closed-loop system.

The stability of a liquid-water body below the south polar cap of Mars

Radar data from the Mars Express spacecraft show bright subsurface reflections in the Planum Australe area that could be due to liquid water located at a depth of 1.5 km (Orosei et al., 2018). If this interpretation of the data is correct, the presence of such water would have important implications for the present-day thermal state of the region. In this article, we recalculate the depth of the liquid water and we analyze the influence of the regional thermal properties in the surface heat flow and the subsurface temperatures. We have obtained a new depth to the bright reflector between 1.3 and 1.5 km by using a temperature dependent relative permittivity for the water ice and taking into account the dust content in the area. We show that regional properties in the SPLD moderately influence the thermal state of the area where the liquid water is located. A better knowledge of the porosity profile in the studied area is necessary to constrain surface heat flow and subsurface temperatures accurately. Our findings are in agreement with previous work that shows anomalously high local heat flows would be required to sustain liquid water at this location.

Gait control to step into a lowered surface with one limb with different demands for accuracy in younger and older adults.

Walking in a daily life context requires constant adaptations to meet the environment's requirements for successful locomotion. We investigated the walking adaptations of younger and older adults when dealing with holes of different lengths in the pathway (60-cm long and 1.3 times foot length [critical point] conditions). We used the critical point condition to increase the demand for accuracy as it reduces the safety margin between the foot and the borders of the hole. Fifteen younger and fifteen older adults walked barefoot on a wooden walkway in three conditions: no-hole, 60-cm hole (length: 0.60m | width: 0.80m | depth: 0.095m), and critical point hole (length: participant's foot length×1.3 | width: 0.80m | depth: 0.095m). Participants stepped into the hole with only one foot. We assessed the impulses based on the ground reaction forces, trunk and lower limb joint angles, stride speed, and the margin of stability based on the concept of the extrapolated center of mass in the sagittal plane. Across walking conditions, older adults exhibited a larger margin of stability than younger adults. Before the hole, both age groups increased the braking impulse and adopted a more flexed posture of the lower limbs to help to lower the body in the subsequent step. Only older adults increased the vertical braking impulse and markedly reduced stride speed when stepping into both holes. Both age groups adopted a more vertically oriented trunk posture as a strategy to contribute to stability control when stepping into the hole. The two age groups showed a larger margin of stability and a more flexed trunk posture after the hole than the no-hole condition. Older adults were able to control body stability adequately and even better than younger adults. Younger and older adults used the same anticipatory and compensatory locomotor adjustments before and after the hole. These adjustments resulted in improved stability control. The differences between younger and older adults were confined to the moment of stepping into the hole. Older adults used a more cautious strategy that ensured task accuracy and gait progression.

초등학생의 태권도 수련프로그램이 신체조성과 기능적 움직임 검사(FMS)에 미치는 효과

This study analyzed the effects of 12weeks Taekwondo training program on body composition and FMS(Functional Movement Screen) scores of elementary school students. The subjects of this study were 40 elementary school students, 21 exercise group and 19 control group. The subjects of this study were weight, muscle mass, body fat ratio, BMI, FMS. The exercise program was conducted for 50minutes each five times a week for 3 months. The exercise intensity was composed of 5minutes of preparatory exercise, 5minutes of stretching, and 40minutes of main exercise. The results of this study showed that body mass decreased significantly from 32.45±4.17 before exercise to 30.23±4.04 after exercise, and muscle mass increased significantly from 12.45±2.23 before exercise to 14.95±3.74 after exercise. And body fat decreased significantly from 24.28±8.61 before exercise to 22.85±6.20. In FMS test, deep squat was 2.43±.504 to 2.59±.588, hurdle step was 2.37±.556 to 2.50±.630, inline rune was 2.20±.551 to 2.44±.714, and body stability push-up was 1.63±.718 to 2.03.±913, with shoulder mobility was 2.00±.643 to 2.12±.793. The total score increased from 15.45±1.824 to 17.21±2.194, and the increase after exercise was significantly increased (p<.05). In conclusion, positive changes in body composition can help prevent obesity in children. In this study, 12-week Taekwondo training program of elementary school students can predict potential injuries and can be a useful measure to minimize the possibility of injuries in everyday life.

Boundary stabilization of an elastic body surrounding a viscous incompressible fluid

This paper considers the problem of boundary feedback stabilization of an elastic body surrounding a viscous incompressible fluid described by Navier–Stokes equations in three dimensional space. The paper gives a proof of global existence of a weak solution of the closed-loop system via the Galerkin method. Due to consideration of less regular initial values of the fluid velocity, the forces induced by the fluid on the elastic body are not able to bound. Therefore, the paper handles “fluid work and fluid power” on the elastic body in stability and convergence analysis of the closed-loop system.

THE SCIENTIFIC SYSTEM OF HUMAN CORE BALANCE IN SPORTS

ABSTRACT Introduction: The human brain controls the body's balance, actinh on the muscle tissues of the body and thus controlling the balance of its center of gravity. Objective: To analyze 6 indicators that affect the brain's ability to control the body's balance and to verify the important muscle areas of the human body and prove that strength training can help improve the body's balance ability. Methods: This article selected young university students with the same physical fitness as sample and analyzed the factors that affect the body's strength and balance using statistical models. Results: Strength training can effectively improve the body›s balance when standing. Conclusion: Training the brain to control the body is mainly to exercise strength, stability, balance, and other abilities of human muscle tissue. Using this kind of exercise method can effectively improve the stability of the human body. Targeted training can also enhance the brain's ability to control the balance of the body. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

Assessment of interaction between a waste storage dam and instability in downstream right-side slope by 3D numerical analyses

Waste dams (tailings) are used for storing the byproducts of mining operations and are very common in the mining industry. As the material they are storing can be harmful to the environment and the people in the vicinity, the construction of these dams is of high importance. During the construction phase, the topography of the site and geological–geotechnical parameters of the soils around the dam are as important as the stability and the leakage issues of the main dam body. In this paper, a nickel-ore waste dam located in Manisa-Gördes, Turkey is investigated in detail by 3-dimensional (3D) finite-element analyses. At the downstream side of the dam, there was slope instability at the right-hand side slopes due to improper loading on the top of these slopes. Whether this slope failure will affect the stability of the main dam body or not is the main question of this study. Within these confines, 3D finite-element analyses that cover a large area, including the dam, upstream and downstream sides, and the waste have been performed before and after the planned downstream slope rehabilitation. The main rehabilitation methodology employed in this study is the removal of the displaced material and re-shaping of right-hand side slopes. The results show that after the rehabilitation of the slopes, the deformations decreased considerably, and the waste dam became safer. Consequently, the study presents an interesting case study including the interaction between waste storage dam and side-slope instability with 3D finite-element analysis. At present, the planned slope excavations and the dam body construction were completed successfully.

CORELLATION THE BODY WEIGHT TO SELECTED STABILOMETRIC PARAMETERS

Mass is an important factor that has an influence on the stability of the human body. The hypothesis is the higher the mass, the higher the stability. The proportionality of the human body when considering body mass and physical height are expressed by the BMI (body mass index). Our goal was to verify a correlation between BMI and postural stability with the use of stabilometry tests on baropodometric platforms to confirm or refute the mentioned hypothesis. A total of 184 healthy subjects (73 females and 111 male) participated in the measurement and performed a bipedal test with their eyes open and closed, where the evaluated parameters were the confidence ellipse area and the length of the oscillation. After a statistical assessment of the measurements, we can confirm that having the eyes open or closed has an influence on the confidence ellipse area and the length of oscillation. The measured values show that the confidence ellipse area and the length of oscillation are not dependent on the BMI.

향초로 발화된 안방 화재패턴 및 화재조사 방법에 관한 연구

In modern society, where electrical lighting has become common, similar types of fires are occurring without boiling, despite the use of candles mainly for religious ceremonies such as mass, ancestral rites, prayer, purpose of deodorization, power outages, and stabilization of mind and body. News of fires during candlelight events comes more frequently during Christmas than Santa Claus, and it is not uncommon for small candles in a generation where electricity is cut off due to living conditions to swallow combustibles around them and cause casualties. These candle fires occur in an instant, regardless of the presence or absence of a person around the candle, and the expansion of combustion often causes great property damage and casualties

Balance Exercise Improves Muscle Strength And Body Stability In Frail Older People

Background: Many elderly people in Indonesia experience falling every year and the half had fallen more than once. This falls due to loss of bone and muscle mass which results in poor of balance. This study aimed to show whether balance excercise could improve muscle strength and balance on elderly people with risk of falling. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental design with two-group pretest-posttest control group. The sample was taken by purposive sampling and the total of 27 elderly people was selected into 2 groups: intervention (n = 14) and control (n = 13). The intervention group received the balance exercise regularly 3 times a week for 3 weeks. The balance exercise consists of plantar flexion, knee flexion, hip flexion, hip extention, and single leg side. Results: As an independent t test showed a significant difference in the balance and muscle strength between the intervention and the control group. Paired t-test on balance values obtained (p = 0.003) and the muscular strength (p = 0.000) which means that there was effect of balance exercise on muscle strength and balance in elderly with risk of falling. Conclusions: Balance exercise for 3 weeks regularly could improve balance score and muscle strength on the older people. Therefore, elderly people escpecially who are at risk of falling better to do balance exercise as their routine and getting support for doing this from family and health workers.

Coocclusion of Helicoverpa armigera Single Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) and Helicoverpa armigera Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearMNPV): Pathogenicity and Stability in Homologous and Heterologous Hosts.

Helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) is a virulent pathogen of lepidopterans in the genera Heliothis and Helicoverpa, whereas Helicoverpa armigera multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) is a different virus species with a broader host range. This study aimed to examine the consequences of coocclusion of HearSNPV and HearMNPV on the pathogenicity, stability and host range of mixed-virus occlusion bodies (OBs). HearSNPV OBs were approximately 6-fold more pathogenic than HearMNPV OBs, showed faster killing by approximately 13 h, and were approximately 45% more productive in terms of OB production per larva. For coocclusion, H. armigera larvae were first inoculated with HearMNPV OBs and subsequently inoculated with HearSNPV OBs at intervals of 0–72 h after the initial inoculation. When the interval between inoculations was 12–24 h, OBs collected from virus-killed insects were found to comprise 41–57% of HearSNPV genomes, but the prevalence of HearSNPV genomes was greatly reduced (3–4%) at later time points. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed the presence of HearSNPV genomes in a small fraction of multinucleocapsid ODVs representing 0.47–0.88% of the genomes quantified in ODV samples, indicating that both viruses had replicated in coinfected host cells. End-point dilution assays on ODVs from cooccluded mixed-virus OBs confirmed the presence of both viruses in 41.9–55.6% of wells that were predicted to have been infected by a single ODV. A control experiment indicated that this result was unlikely to be due to the adhesion of HearSNPV ODVs to HearMNPV ODVs or accidental contamination during ODV band extraction. Therefore, the disparity between the qPCR and end-point dilution estimates of the prevalence of mixed-virus ODVs likely reflected virus-specific differences in replication efficiency in cell culture and the higher infectivity of pseudotyped ODVs that were produced in coinfected parental cells. Bioassays on H. armigera, Spodoptera frugiperda and Mamestra brassicae larvae revealed that mixed-virus OBs were capable of infecting heterologous hosts, but relative potency values largely reflected the proportion of HearMNPV present in each mixed-virus preparation. The cooccluded mixtures were unstable in serial passage; HearSNPV rapidly dominated during passage in H. armigera whereas HearMNPV rapidly dominated during passage in the heterologous hosts. We conclude that mixed-virus coocclusion technology may be useful for producing precise mixtures of viruses with host range properties suitable for the control of complexes of lepidopteran pests in particular crops, although this requires validation by field testing.