St Edition Research Articles

Report on the 1st Workshop on Information Retrieval for Understudied Users (IR4U2 2024) at ECIR 2024

In this report, we summarise the program and takeaways from the 1 st edition of the Workshop on Information Retrieval for Understudied Users (IR4U2), co-located with the 46 th European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR). Date : 24 March 2024. Website : https://ir4u2workshop.wixsite.com/ir4u2.

Introduction of List of Plant Diseases in Korea 6.1st Edition (2023 Revised Version)

More than a year has passed after the 6th edition of ‘List of Plant Diseases in Korea (LPDK)’ was published in April 2022. The 6.1st edition (2023) of List of Plant Diseases in Korea was made by correcting errors found in the 6th edition of list and adding new diseases reported after the 6th edition. There were 397 corrections from the 6th edition, most of which were simple spelling errors or minor issues. However, 12 diseases were deleted due to duplication or unclear literature proof, and 2 diseases had their diseases’ common names changed. We added 158 diseases that were reported before 2021 but not included in the 6th edition, or reported after the 6th edition. After all, 146 diseases were added to the 6,534 diseases in the 6th edition, resulting in a total of 6,680 diseases in the 6.1st edition. Thirty host taxa were also added, increasing the number from 1,390 in the 6th edition to 1,420 in the 6.1st edition. Pathogens were also added to 62 taxa, from 2,400 in the 6th edition, bringing the total to 2,462 taxa in the 6.1st edition. Ultimately, the 6.1st edition (2023) of ‘The List of Plant Diseases in Korea’ contains 6,680 diseases caused by pathogens of 2,462 taxa on 1,420 hosts. The 6.1st edition is not printed as a book, but is provided through the online ‘List of Plant Diseases in Korea’ (https://genebank.rda.go.kr/kplantdisease.do).

Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(2022 update)

As an allergic lung disease caused by Aspergillus species, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA) is manifested by asthma and recurrent lung infiltrates, often with signs of bronchiectasis. ABPA is not uncommon, but under-diagnosis/misdiagnosis and inappropriate management are common in clinical practice, due to the varied manifestations, inconsistent diagnostic criteria, and the need of complicated laboratory studies. To improve the diagnosis and treatment of ABPA, experts of the Asthma Group of Chinese Thoracic Society proposed an expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of ABPA in 2017 (1 st Edition). Its publication has been well received by the Chinese physicians, and promoted the appropriate management of the disease. In the past 5 years, advances have been made in the investigation into the mechanisms, and in the diagnosis and therapy of ABPA, including novel insight into the pathogenesis, more studies of the diagnostic criteria, and more evidence on the efficacy of glucocorticoid, antifungal and/or biologic therapies. Based on new evidence and the clinical practice in China, experts of the Asthma Group of Chinese Thoracic Society updated the consensus.

Daniel Peat. Comparative Reasoning in International Courts and Tribunals. 1 st edition. (Cambridge University Press, 2019) (Book Review)

Daniel Peat. Comparative Reasoning in International Courts and Tribunals. 1 st edition. (Cambridge University Press, 2019) (Book Review)

ANALYSIS OF FLAT PLATE COLLECTOR EFFICIENCY IN SOLAR WATER HEATER

In Solar Water Heaters require collectors to absorb solar radiation. This absorbed radiation is useful for heating fluid (water) which is used to heat water for domestic use. To get the desired water temperature, the collector must meet certain criteria. In this test, conducted in the Testing Laboratory of Solar Water Heater B2TKE-BPPT for 3 days at 08.30 to 16.00 WIB using a flat plate collector covering an area of 2 m 2 with a tank capacity of 150 liters, testing refers to SNI 3021-1992 1 st edition. The data taken are Solar Radiation (W/m 2 ), Ambient Temperature (T-amb), Temperature of Inlet Collector (T-in), Water Temperature Out of Collector (T-out) using the help of sensors that have been installed in accordance with the provisions and data generated will be managed via a computer every 30 minutes interval on an ongoing basis. This test, obtained results that the daily average of the efficiency of a flat plate collector of 2 m 2 is 46.55%, which means that a solar panel is only able to absorb 46.55% of the solar radiation that illuminates the solar collector. For optimal results, testing should be carried out during clear weather so that collector efficiency can be achieved.

Вклад Бичен Кыргысовны Ондар в развитие топонимики Тувы

Статья посвящена анализу общего вклада филолога, составителя топонимических словарей Тувы Бичен Кыргысовны Ондар (1948–2013) в развитие топонимики республики.Даны вехи биографии ученой, отрывки из ее личных воспоминаний, которыми она делилась с автором статьи. Окончила с отличием школу, затем — филологический факультет Кызылского государственного педагогического института. Училась в аспирантуре Казанского государственного университета. В 1993 г. успешно защитила в Институте языкознания РАН кандидатскую диссертацию «Гидронимия Тувы» под руководством известного тюрколога И. В. Кормушина.Является автором школьных учебников, учебно-методических пособий для студентов и учителей школ республики, по теории и методике обучения русского языка, по вопросам преподавания тувинского языка.Вся научная жизнь Б. К. Ондар была посвящена исследованию топонимики Тувы. Она объездила с 1980-х гг. все районы Тувы, в сборе материала ей активно помогал супруг Монгун-оол Опанович Ондар. Среди ее основных трудов — «Топонимический словарь Тувы» (2004 и 2ое изд. — 2007 г.), который содержит 3200 топонимических единиц со всех районов республики. Автор стремилась раскрыть этимологию каждого топонима, старалась дать полную информацию о географических объектах, изложила мотивацию наименования, которую записывала со слов информантов, сопровождая все ссылками на работы ученых.В последующих работах автор поднимала основные проблемы топонимики в целом, представляла свои варианты их решения, в том числе рассматривала источники тувинской топонимики, начиная с древнетюркских, китайско-монгольских, русских и др. Особое место в стратиграфии тувинских топонимов отнесла русский как самый поздний пласт топонимической системы по времени образования.После Б. К. Ондар направление топонимических исследований Тувы ослабло. Ученые и начинающие исследователи занимаются лишь отдельными вопросами топонимики. Но автор выражает надежду, что научная отрасль найдет новый импульс для развития.

Редкие и охраняемые виды грибов Томской области

The mycobiota of Tomsk oblast have been studied for many years on the basis of traditional and modern methods of systematics, biomorphology and molecular biology. Only such approach provides revealing background, and species of regional mycobiota. Basing on the results of 13-year investigations in 2004-2016 and on literature data, we extended the list of macromycetes of Tomsk oblast from 900 to 1300 species (subdivision Pezizomycotina and classis Agaricomycetes). For the stationary work in pine and cedar forests of Tomsk oblast we formed 7 long-term permanent transects with the total area of 1400 m 2 , where we collected and registered macromycetes every 10-15 days during the season. Several species were identified by Blast-N on line of the algorithm of comparing homologous sequences of ITS-region of nuclear DNA ribosomal genes in databases GenBank and BOLD. To amplify ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region we used primer ITS1F common for fungi and primer ITS4B specific for basidiomycetes. We applied the scale of categories of rarity given in the Red Data Book of Tomsk oblast. Inclusion of a species into the group was based on an expert evaluation where key factors were its occurrence (up to 10 finds in the region during the whole period of investigations), reduction in the number as a result of a negative anthropogenic influence, and an analysis of the species occurrence by regional literature sources and by the Red Data Books of adjacent territories. As a result, 192 species were registered under natural conditions and 47 - under anthropogenic ones (in total 18.4% of the regional mycobiota) and are referred to as rare. We analyzed rare species, identified by mycologists in the 1980s (20 species); 11 of them have remained and endangered (See Tables). Four species are of the utmost concern today: Gyromitra sphaerospora (Peck) Sacc.; Phallus impudicus L.; Gyromitra gigas (Krombh.) Cooke and Sparassis crispa (Wulfen) Fr.; the last facts about them were provided in scientific literature in Tomsk oblast more than 30 years ago. Other 9 species were, on the contrary, transferred to the group; with a systematic monitoring they are regularly found in their typical habitats. For 192 presented rare species, the number of their registrations in Tomsk oblast and an overview of their conservation status in some regions of Siberia and European Russia are provided. In order to protect the regional mycobiota, we suggest establishing Specially Protected Natural Areas of different status in intact undisturbed forests and studying the mycobiota in already existing nature reserves. At the present time, this is particularly true for a fungal component of forest ecosystems of Siberia. An expansion of the list of protected species in the region seems important. E.g. in the 1 st edition of the Red Data Book of Tomsk oblast (2002) only 2 species of macromycetes and in the 2 nd (2013) - 8 species were presented; this does not correspond to the real situation and modern data on the species diversity of fungi and their status of rare and disappearing species.

MORAL DISTRESS IN IRANIAN NURSES' EXPERIENCES

Abstract Background & Aim: Ethics is an integral part of nursing practice. Nurses and other professional caregivers are increasingly recognizing the issue of moral distress. The aim of this study is to describe Iranian nurses' experiences in moral distress. Materials and Method : In this study the qualitative phenomenological approach was used. 11 nurses from teaching hospitals of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences participated in the study. The data were collected by in-depth interviews. Transcripts were analysed by constant comparative contant analysis. Result: The results sorted into 4 content areas: individual characteristics of team care (including knowledge, ability, experience, responsibility and…), mental-affective reactions (including faulty, defensive reactions, lack of motivation and…), laws and officials (including, limitation of laws and contradictory of laws with ethics, religion, knowledge and ability) and circumstances of workplace (including physical circumstances, manpower, facilities and equipments). Conclusion: It is necessary that nurses become familiar with ethical problems, nursing code of ethics and promote the skills for encounter to moral distress. Key words: Ethics, Moral distress, Nursing practice, Experience, Phenomenology Corresponding Author: Parkhideh Hasani, Faculty Lecturer, Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran Email: p_hasani@sbmu.ac.ir REFERENCES - Forum. 17 (1) 33–48. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott. - Wilkinson JM (1987). Moral distress in nursing practice: Experience and effect. Nursing Forum. 23(1) 16-29. Streubert HJ Carpenter DR (2007). Qualitative Research in Nursing Advancing the Humanistic Imperative. 3 rd Van Manen M (2001). Researching Lived Experience. Action Sensitive Pedagogy 3 rd edition. Ontario: Althouse Press. Silen Marit et al (2008). Workplace distress and ethical dilemmas in neuroscience nursing. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing. 40(4) 222-231. Pijl-Zieber EM et al (2008 ) . Moral distress: An emerging problem for nurses in long-term care. Quality in Ageing and Older Adults. 9(2) 39- 48. Oskouie F pairovi H (2005). [Qualitative Research in Nursing]. 1 st edition. Tehran: Iran University of Medical Sciences Press. (Persian). Oberle k Hughes D (2001). Doctors and nurses perceptions of ethical problems in end-of-life decisions. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 33(6) 707-715. Nathaniel A (2002). Ethics and human rights. The American Nurses Association Issues Update. 1(2) 3-8. Mitchell GJ (2002). Policy, procedure and routine: Masters of moral influence. Nursing Science Quarterly. 14(2) 109- 114 McVicar A (2003). Workplace stress in nursing: A Literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 44(6) 633-642. Mauleon AL Palo Bengtsson L Ekman SL (2005). Anaesthesia care of older patients as experienced by nurse anaesthetists. Nursing Ethics. 12(3) 263–272. Herting A et al (2004). Downsizing and reorganization: Demands, challenges and ambiguity for registered nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 45(2) 145-154. Jameton A (1993). Dilemmas of moral distress: Moral responsibility and nursing practice. AWONN’s Clinical Issues in Prenatal and Women Health Nursing. 4(4) 542-551. Gutierrez KM (2005). Critical care nurses’ perceptions of and responses to moral distress. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing. 24(5) 229–241. Chitty Kay K Beth BP (2007). Professional Nursing Concepts. Challenge. Saunders Elsevier Ebrahimi H et al (2007). [Stress: Major reaction of nurses to the context of ethical decision making]. Journal of Iran University of Medical Sciences. 14(54) 7-15 (Persian). Cronqvist A Lutzen K Nystrom M (2006). Nurses’ lived experience of moral stress support in the intensive care context. Journal of Nursing Management. 14(5) 405-413. Corley M et al (2001). Development and evaluation of a moral distress scale. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 33(2) 250-256. Corley M (2002). Moral distress: A proposed theory and research agenda. Nursing Ethics. 9 (6) 636-650. Canadian Nursing Association (2002). Code of ethics for registered nurses. Ottawa: Author. [On line]. http://www.nurses.ab.ca/Carna-Admin/Uploads/CNAcodeofEthics.pdf Canadian Nurses Association (2003). Ethics in Practice for Registered Nurses. [On line]. http://www2.cnaaiic. ca/CNA/documents/pdf/publication/Ethics_in_Practice. Austin W et al (2005). Moral distress in healthcare practice: the situation of nurses. Health care ethics committee

COMPARISON OF QUALITY OF LIFE BETWEEN HEMOPHILIC CHILDREN RECEIVING PROPHYLAXIS AND ON DEMAND THERAPY IN TEHRAN

COMPARISON OF QUALITY OF LIFE BETWEEN HEMOPHILIC CHILDREN RECEIVING PROPHYLAXIS AND ON DEMAND THERAPY IN TEHRAN

Editorial of the nineteenth edition of Ambiente & Água - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science

This issue marks the 21 st edition of Ambiente & Agua. This edition has included 20 peer evaluated and reviewed articles, and all editions were published on time. We continue to employ a policy of complete open access, and to foster the visibility of articles. We continue to register the doi of all articles and to publish each issue as a single document in addition to the individual articles. This editorial emphasizes new important recognition received by the Ambiente & Agua journal.

THE EFFECT OF THE BLOOD GLUCOSE CONCENTRATION ON NIGHT WORK NURSES’ ATTENTION

THE EFFECT OF THE BLOOD GLUCOSE CONCENTRATION ON NIGHT WORK NURSES’ ATTENTION

A Summary of the Malaysian Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (4th Edition) 2009

There were three previous Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) on the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, the 1 st edition published in 1992, followed by the 2 nd edition (1996) and the 3 rd edition (2004). This 4 th edition was deemed necessary due to the tremendous body of new evidence that has become available in the last 4 to 5 years that has major impact on the management of Type 2 Diabetes, including new targets for control, new classes of pharmacological agents targeting novel pathways, as well as major outcome studies.

Visceral-Locomotory Pistoning in Crawling Caterpillars

Animals with an open coelom do not fully constrain internal tissues, and changes in tissue or organ position during body movements cannot be readily discerned from outside of the body. This complicates modeling of soft-bodied locomotion, because it obscures potentially important changes in the center of mass as a result of internal tissue movements. We used phase-contrast synchrotron X-ray imaging and transmission light microscopy to directly visualize internal soft-tissue movements in freely crawling caterpillars. Here we report a novel visceral-locomotory piston in crawling Manduca sexta larvae, in which the gut slides forward in advance of surrounding tissues. The initiation of gut sliding is synchronous with the start of the terminal prolegs' swing phase, suggesting that the animal's center of mass advances forward during the midabdominal prolegs' stance phase and is therefore decoupled from visible translations of the body. Based on synchrotron X-ray data and transmission light microscopy results, we present evidence for a two-body mechanical system with a nonlinear elastic gut that changes size and translates between the anterior and posterior of the animal. The proposed two-body system--the container and the contained--is unlike any form of legged locomotion previously reported and represents a new feature in our emerging understanding of crawling.

Invited Commentary

Invited Commentary

Monte Carlo transport model comparison with 1A GeV accelerated iron experiment: heavy-ion shielding evaluation of NASA space flight-crew foodstuff

Deep-space manned flight as a reality depends on a viable solution to the radiation problem. Both acute and chronic radiation health threats are known to exist, with solar particle events as an example of the former and galactic cosmic rays (GCR) of the latter. In this experiment Iron ions of 1A GeV are used to simulate GCR and to determine the secondary radiation field created as the GCR-like particles interact with a thick target. A NASA prepared food pantry locker was subjected to the iron beam and the secondary fluence recorded. A modified version of the Monte Carlo heavy ion transport code developed by Zeitlin at LBNL is compared with experimental fluence. The foodstuff is modeled as mixed nuts as defined by the 71 st edition of the Chemical Rubber Company (CRC) Handbook of Physics and Chemistry. The results indicate a good agreement between the experimental data and the model. The agreement between model and experiment is determined using a linear fit to ordered pairs of data. The intercept is forced to zero. The slope fit is 0.825 and the R 2 value is 0.429 over the resolved fluence region. The removal of an outlier, Z=14, gives values of 0.888 and 0.705 for slope and R 2 respectively.

The Adjudicator under NEC 2nd Edition: a new approach to disputes

Disputes under the New Engineering Contract (NEC) 2nd Edition involve a new approach to the role of Adjudicator. Clauses 90–93 have been radically revised. They reflect the recommendations of Latham's Report Constructing the Team, and growing international practice (e.g. the Channel Tunnel Disputes Panel). Also clarified are some questions over the 1 st Edition. The independent Adjudicator provides a mandatory third‐party neutral settlement process. The decision is final and binding, unless and until revised by the eventual tribunal (court or arbitration) after completion of the works, or termination. Legal drafting is achieved in the NEC style of plain English and present tense. Latham's objectives are reminiscent of traditional decisions of an independent Engineer, or of modern short form arbitration; but the new substantive approach is distinguished from both. The Adjudicator's decision determines the parties' rights and obligations. It does not depend on the Project Manager's implementation, but the latter is free to choose in accordance with the decision, e.g. by changing the Works Information as a compensation event. Distinctive of the NEC is the openness of procedure for the Adjudicator, and even‐handedness between the parties as to the continuing works while the Adjudicator is acting. The parties, by contract, given the independent Adjudicator jurisdiction to settle by its decision all disputes arising under or in connection with the contract. This is neither expert determination nor arbitration. The Adjudicator is to act fairly, not judicially. Some jurisdictional issues may remain, and are explored. There must be a proper substantive characterization of the new role, according to its true context and the parties' expressed intentions. NEC 2nd edition has clarified and enhanced the definition of the first third‐party stage fully to meet Latham's objectives, and to encourage by rapid but effective early resolution of disputes, within the overall NEC philosophy, a substantial reduction in the incidence of disputes.

Book Review/Buchbesprechung

Linser, H.: Dynamismus des Lebens.

Living Conditions in Denmark

Background When Danmarks Statistik (the Central Bureau of Statistics) and the Danish National Institute of Social Research jointly published the first edition of Living Conditions in Denmark in the fall of 1976, the first step was taken towards an ongoing or recurrent social reporting in Denmark. As in other countries, over the years a growing awareness of the need to develop social statistics to supplement national accounts as a basis for evaluating development processes had arisen. That there was a need was reflected in the fact that by September 1977, 17,000 copies of the I st edition had been sold and a fourth reprint was being considered. The publication served very much a dual function in providing a statistical basis which permitted broader evaluation of social development and which at the same time pointed to the need to develop social statistics even further. The first edition aimed at 'presenting a comprehensive selection of the most important statistical information on the development of and disparities in living conditions in Denmark'. The report excelled by its systematic documentation of statistics currently produced and gathered for specific purposes. The statistics that were presented, however, did not constitute a coherent body of information. Furthermore, the various types of statistics often defied comparison. It is intended in the second publication (to appear in summer 1979) to improve these shortcomings as far as is possible by establishing a higher degree of coordination among the various producers of the statistics to be presented. This, however, is only a partial solution that in the long run will be replaced by new types of social statistics.