Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen Concentrations Research Articles

Cathodic electrochemiluminescence immunosensor based on nanocomposites of semiconductor carboxylated g-C3N4 and graphene for the ultrasensitive detection of squamous cell carcinoma antigen

A novel label-free electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor was developed for the detection of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) based on nanocomposites of semiconductor carboxylated graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and graphene (g-C3N4-graphene). The ECL intensity of carboxylated g-C3N4 was much enhanced after being combined with graphene which had excellent electron-transfer ability. The sensing platform was constructed by depositing g-C3N4-graphene on electrodes and immobilizing antibodies on the surface of carboxylated g-C3N4 through amidation. The specific immunoreaction between SCCA and antibody resulted in the decrease of ECL intensity and the intensity decreased linearly with the logarithm of SCCA concentration in the range of 0.025–10ngmL−1 with a detection limit of 8.53pgmL−1. The developed ECL immunosensor exhibited high sensitivity, good reproducibility and long-term stability, which possessed great potential for cancer detection in clinical laboratory diagnosis.

Clinical significance of serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma

To explore the clinical significance of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. The serum SCC-Ag concentrations were measured for 1195 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, 54 patients with non-squamous cell type cervical cancer, 325 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasm and 69 healthy women treated at Gynecology Ward of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University from August 2008 to October 2010. And the correlations with their clinical pathological features of squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed and the changes in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis monitored. Serum SCC-Ag in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma showed a sensitivity of 62.32% and a specificity of 90.10% with the optimal cutoff point of diagnosis at 1.45 µg/L. The differences of pretreatment serum SCC-Ag levels were statistically significant in clinical stage, histological differentiation, depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.01). The posttreatment serum SCC-Ag levels of 106 patients undergoing radical surgery and 264 patients on chemotherapy significantly decreased and were significant different with their pretreatment levels (P < 0.05). There was no relationship of serum SCC-Ag levels and human papillomavirus (HPV) opportunistic infection (all P > 0.05). The best threshold values of pretreatment serum SCC-Ag concentration for predicting early postoperative cervical lymph node metastasis and prognosis of cervical cancer were 2.15 and 12.1 µg/L respectively. As a relatively specific tumor maker for cervical squamous cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma antigen is correlated with clinicopathological features of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. And it has important clinical reference values in the diagnosis, prognosis, follow-up evaluation and treatment monitoring of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Magneto-controlled electrochemical immunosensor for direct detection of squamous cell carcinoma antigen by using serum as supporting electrolyte

A new magneto-controlled microfluidic device for direct electrochemical determination of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) in serum was designed by using anti-SCC antibody (SCC-Ab)-functionalized magnetic mesoporous nanogold/thionine/NiCo 2O 4 hybrid nanostructures as immunosensing probes (P 1-Ab) and horseradish peroxidase-SCC-Ab conjugates-labeled nanogold/graphene nanosheets as signal tags (P 2-Ab). In the presence of the analyte SCC-Ag, the sandwich immunocomplex was formed between the immunosensing probes and the signal tags. With the aid of an external magnet, the formed immunocomplex was attached to the microfluidic device. The assay was implemented in newborn calf serum (NBCS) containing 2.5 mM H 2O 2 based on the labeled peroxidase on the P 2-Ab toward the catalytic reduction of H 2O 2. Under optimal conditions, the increase in the current was proportional to the concentration of SCC-Ag from 2.5 pg/mL to 15 ng/mL. The detection limit (LOD) was 1.0 pg/mL SCC-Ag at 3s B. The electrochemical immunoassay displayed an acceptable precision, selectivity and stability. Clinical serum specimens were assayed with the method, and the results were in acceptable agreement with those obtained from the referenced electrochemiluminescent method. Importantly, the method can be suitable for on-line use in the mass production of miniaturized lab-on-a-chip devices and open a new opportunity for protein diagnostics and biosecurity.

Squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1 and 2 expression in cultured normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) is expressed in normal squamous cell epithelia and in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Two nearly identical genes encode the inhibitory serpins SCCA1 (SERPINB3) and SCCA2 (SERPINB4). Serum levels of SCCA are elevated in patients with benign skin diseases and in patients with SCC. SCCA, used for the monitoring of SCC patients, presents no satisfactory diagnostic specificity. As we have shown previously, the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based SCCA messenger RNA (mRNA) testing aimed at detecting disseminated cancer cells may be hampered by the false-positive results due to SCCA expression in activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The aim of this study was to assess the expression of SCCA at mRNA and protein levels in cultured normal PBMC, compared to that in vulvar SCC (VSCC) samples. High SCCA concentrations were found in vulvar tumours and in metastatic lymph nodes, while negative inguinal lymph nodes from the same patients often presented significantly less SCCA. In normal activated PBMC, the level of SCCA protein was the lowest. At the mRNA level SCCA was detectable in normal PBMC even in cultures with no mitogen stimulation, but only by the nested RT-PCR, contrary to VSCC samples found to be SCCA positive already in one-step PCR. Both SCCA1 and SCCA2 transcripts were present in cultured PBMC; SCCA1 was expressed at a higher level than SCCA2. In conclusion, both SCCA forms are detectable in normal PBMC cultured in vitro. SCCA expression level in normal PBMC is much lower than in the squamous epithelium-derived cells. In VSCC, in addition to tumour itself, metastatic lymph nodes seem also to be a potential source of serum SCCA.

Abstract 3252: Establishment and characterization of a new squamous cell carcinoma cell line derived from human bladder cancer

Abstract Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder is a rare malignancy that represents &amp;lt;5% of bladder tumors diagnosed in new patients. The majority of the patients SCC presents with a poorly differentiated, muscle-invasive tumor with no previous episode of the urothelial carcinoma. Less than 10% of the patients present with distant metastasis. Even when the absence of distant metastases, the prognosis of patients with SCC of the bladder remains dismal because patients die of localized recurrence. The 5-year survival rate of the patients treated for SCC of the bladder was only 10.6%. Therefore, the establishment of a bladder squamous cell carcinoma cell line is extremely important for SCC of the bladder cancer patients. As far as we are aware, however, no pure human SCC cell line of the bladder has ever been reported. This study describes our successful attempt to establish a cell line derived from inguinal lymph node metastasis from the bladder SCC. Patient history: The patient was a 56-year-old Japanese woman. She underwent total cystectomy for bladder cancer in September 2007. The histopathological diagnosis was bladder squamous cell carcinoma (G2&amp;gt;G3, T3bN0M0). She underwent adjuvant three courses of chemo therapy (M-VAC therapy) after surgery. However, local recurrence and multiple lymph node metastases were detected in January 2008. She underwent second operation as inguinal lymph node dissection. Materials and Methods: Cells were cultured in RPMI medium 1640 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 50 U/ml penicillin and 50 μg/ml streptomycin. A portion of the inguinal tumor was studied histopathologically and the remainder was immersed in growth medium. The TMUU-08 cells transplanted into the subcutaneous of the back of five nude mice. Tumor cell suspension were applied on to slides using cytocentrifugation. FISH analysis was performed to detect the X- and Y- choromosome. The concentration of CEA, CA-125, CA-15-3 and SCC antigen in the conditioned medium with TMUU-08 cells were measured using enzyme immunoassay and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Subcutaneous tumors derived from TMUU-08 were used for immunohistochemical staining. Results: Population doubling time of TMUU-08 was approximately 52 hrs. The subcutaneous tumors were histopathologically diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. The signals from subcutaneous tumor cells of Y, YY, X and XX were 0%, 0%, 43.8% and 55.6%, respectively. The concentration of SCC antigen in the conditioned medium was higher than the control. Immunohistochemical staining showed that more than 50% were positive against anti SCC antigen both in original tumor and in subcutaneous tumor section. Conclusion: We have established and characterized new human bladder squamous cell carcinoma cell line. To our knowledge, the present study is the first establishment of pure human bladder squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3252.

Overexpression of squamous cell carcinoma antigen in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: clinicopathological correlations

Background:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disorder with a poor prognosis. Epithelial instability is a crucial step in the development and progression of the disease, including neoplastic transformation....

Effect of Cevimeline on Salivary Components in Patients with Sjögren Syndrome

The aim of this study is to clarify the effects of cevimeline on various components in human saliva, such as immunoglobulin A (IgA), lysozyme, α-amylase and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen. Twelve female patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS) and 14 healthy women were enrolled. After the first saliva collection, one capsule (30 mg) of cevimeline was administered to each subject. Saliva was collected again after 90 min. The salivary flow rate and concentration of each component were measured. In both groups the salivary flow rate and amylase concentration were significantly increased by cevimeline. The lysozyme and IgA concentrations did not change significantly in both groups. The SCC antigen concentration did not change significantly in the SS group, but it decreased significantly in the control group. The secretion rates of amylase and IgA showed significant increases in both groups. The secretion rate of lysozyme significantly increased only in the control group, while the secretion rate of SCC significantly increased only in the SS group. Cevimeline augments not only the salivary flow rate but also the secretion rate of some digestive and/or defense factors from infections. It may be beneficial for SS patients to continue taking cevimeline to prevent oral infections, and other serious sequelae.

Prognostic significance of serum concentration of squamous cell carcinoma antigen in anal epidermoid carcinoma

The prognostic significance of pre-treatment serum concentration of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCAg) was investigated in a population of 60 patients with anal epidermoid cancer. Serum concentration was determined during the period 1985-90. The patients were followed until December 1991. An antigen level above 2.0 ng/ml was classified as elevated. Thirty-eight patients had T1-2 tumours, while 22 had T3-4 tumours. Sixteen of the 20 patients (80%) with an elevated SCCAg concentration relapsed or had residual tumour after conclusion of primary therapy, compared to 8 of 40 (20%) with a normal concentration (P = 0.00001). Six patients of 40 (15%) with a normal SCCAg had died at the end of follow-up compared to 10 of 20 (50%) with an elevated value (P = 0.006). For patients with T1-2 tumours 2 of 29 (7%) with a normal SCCAg had died with or from their cancer compared to 3 of 9 (33%) with an elevated value (P = 0.14); for T3-4 tumours these figures were 3 of 11 (P = 0.14); for T3-4 tumours these figures were 3 of 11 (27%) and 7 of 11 (64%) respectively (P = 0.009). Actuarial survival analyses for patients with normal vs elevated SCCAg concentration showed that the projected five year overall survival was 81% for those with a normal level and 43% for those with an elevated level (P = 0.004). For tumour specific survival the figures were 83% vs 45% (P = 0.004).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Squamous‐cell carcinoma antigen (SCC‐A) values related to clinical outcome of pre‐invasive and invasive cervical carcinoma

The serum concentration of squamous-cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-A), a subfraction of tumour antigen, was determined by RIA from healthy donors (control group) and from patients with malignant cervical disease. Ninety-six percent (173/180) of the healthy patients had squamous-cell carcinoma antigen serum levels below 2 ng/ml. Ten of 70 (14.3%) patients with CIN III, 53.8% (34/62) of patients with invasive squamous-cell carcinoma stage I, 85.8% (30/35) with stage II and 96.5% (27/28) with stage III/IV had squamous-cell carcinoma antigen serum levels above 2 ng/ml. We observed that 22.5% (11/49) of patients with a tumour volume below 10 ml and 92.6% of patients with a tumour volume greater than 10 ml had squamous-cell carcinoma antigen levels above 2 ng/ml (p less than 0.005). SCC-A was correlated with recurrence or progressive disease in 90.0% of cases. Other risk factors such as depth of invasion, microscopic parametrial involvement, lymphatic and/or vascular space permeation and histological grade were not correlated with squamous-cell carcinoma antigen. Furthermore, this marker increased 4.3 +/- 2.7 months before clinical evidence of recurrence or progressive disease. We conclude that serial serum levels of squamous-cell carcinoma antigen provide a means for early detection of recurrence or progressive disease. This tumour marker might also be useful for monitoring the treatment effects and has some prognostic value.