Spread Of Radicalism Research Articles

POLA PENCEGAHAN PENYEBARAN RADIKALISME ISLAM DI MEDIA SOSIAL

The spread of a lot of information and news about radicalism on social media will be fatal for someone if they are unable to filter information that is a hoax. People will tend to assume that all information is true, affecting their understanding and behavior. This research aims to identify the pattern of the spread of Islamic radicalism on social media Facebook and YouTube and describe the pattern of prevention by the NTB Police Special Criminal Investigation. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that in the spread of radicalism on social media, there are two types of media: closed and open, however, radicalism is more likely to use closed social media that can only be accessed by certain members. Prevention of radicalism involves three patterns: Pre-emptive (posting Indonesian love content), Preventive (providing information on the dangers of radicalism), and Repressive (collaboration with security agencies in the prosecution of radicalism).

Kafir Bullying: a Strong Fosterer of Radicalism

This article aims to uncover the role of accusing and swearing at kafir (kafir bullying) in fostering radicalism. Today, kafir bullying is done by many people. Additionally, the threat of radicalism and extremism is displayed because of it. By using qualitative methods, analytical descriptive approaches, and documentary techniques, this research is a type of literature research. A comprehensive description provides a complete picture of the offense between kafir bullying and radicalism. The results of this study reveal that kafir bullying has significant implications in cultivating the essential seeds of radicalism. Efforts to die of kafir bullying habits are significant so that deviations in the nation and state can be overcome early. The feeling of having high beliefs without being based on inclusive understanding makes anyone trapped with kafir swearing that not only harms themselves but also others. This research concludes that bullying infidels have a significant influence on the spread of radicalism and extremism. It's not just about calling people names; This problem fosters an atmosphere of division and hostility that encourages radicalism. A society that embraces diversity and rejects radical ideology must be the goal of efforts to combat infidel bullying, which must be based on education, communication, and dedication to inclusive understanding

Peran Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam Memerangi Radikalisme dan Ekstremisme: Menumbuhkan Cinta, Perdamaian, dan Rasa Hormat

The spread of radicalism and extremism has become a global concern in recent decades. Issues regarding radicalism and extremism continue to develop in a flurry of problems. This requires the active role of Christian Religious Education to be carried out in a structured manner in order to be able to overcome this challenge by cultivating love, peace and respect. The purpose of this study is to describe the role of Christian Religious Education in fighting radicalism and extremism. The method used in this research is literature study. The result of this research is that Christian religious education can be a powerful force in fighting radicalism and extremism by instilling universal values such as love, peace and respect for fellow human beings. Christian Religious Education also plays a role in developing a deep understanding of Christian teachings which include values such as love for others, forgiveness, understanding, and tolerance. Christian Religious Education must build intercultural skills, and integrate social issues in the Christian Religious Education curriculum.

Radicalism Assessment as a Concept of Countering Radicalism through Social Media in Indonesia

Radicalism is often associated with violent ideas and is considered to be a breeding ground for terrorism. This is because radicalism is an attitude that seeks a complete overhaul of established values and norms and often resorts to violence to achieve its goals. Meanwhile, some view counter-radicalism efforts as an authoritarian approach by the government and contrary to international human rights. The government is not targeting critical ideas but rather those inciting hatred, hostility and violence, leading to terror. In Indonesia, countering radicalism cannot rely solely on repressive measures, but preventive strategies should be implemented by identifying its perpetrators. This includes addressing radicalism in cyberspace, such as social media, where hate speech and incitement are often spread. Therefore, it is essential to have a rigorous assessment process to identify and evaluate potentially radical actions. This process measures the level of exposure to radicalism among those propagating radical content on social media, which determines whether they will attend a deradicalization Islamic boarding school or face the criminal justice system. In conclusion, this study ensures that measurable action is taken against the spread of radicalism on social media. Keywords: assessment, radicalism, concept of countering, social media, Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.50.4.20

PENGARUSUTAMAAN MODERASI BERAGAMA MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL SEBAGAI UPAYA MENANGKAL RADIKALISME DI KALANGAN PELAJAR MILENNIAL SLTA KOTA KEDIRI

Religious issues that bring intolerance, radicalism, and anti-local culture presented by social media to millennial students become negative tutorials that lead to a radicalism mindset in the life of religion and the nation. radicalism has become a fairly high case during the pandemic. The spread of radicalism is carried out through social media by broadcasting activities that have gone viral so that they become massive. The main purpose of religious moderation through the digital realm is none other than to voice moderate and tolerant religious narratives. It is hoped that the voice of religious moderation values ​​through social media can be disseminated massively either through IG, Face Book, WA, Twitter, Youtube, Tiktok, etc. so that it becomes a familiar narrative for students. A familiar term will become something viral and will be followed by a trend by millennial students as well as an air of assumptions for those who have been exposed to radicalism. The main topics of discussion in this research are: 1. What are the assumptions of high school millennial students in Kediri City regarding issues of intolerance on social media? 2. How are the efforts of stakeholders in mainstreaming religious moderation to millennial students of Kediri City Senior High School as an antidote to radicalism through social media?
 38.6% of high school students in the city of Kediri agree on issues that lead to radicals. The assumptions they build are part of Islamic teachings that must be obeyed. This data was obtained from a number of 50 respondents from high school and Madrasah Aliyah students throughout the City of Kediri, 90% of whom were active social media users.
 The incessant voice of religious moderation by stakeholders (Ministry of Religion, Ministry of National Education, schools and madrasas) through social media is expected to have moderate religious values ​​such as the value of tawasut, the value of tawaznu, the value of i'tidal, the value of tasamuh, the value of musawah, the value of shura, the value of islah, awlawiyah values, tathawwur wal ibkar values, and tahadhur values ​​are massively internalized and socialized through social media be it IG, Face Book, WA, Twitter, Youtube, Tiktok etc. so that they become familiar narratives for students. Familiar terms will become something viral and millennial students will follow the trend

Mitigating radicalism amongst Islamic college students in Indonesia through religious nationalism

Radicalism has the potential to become more widespread in a younger generation of Muslims who are too textual, exclusive, extreme and uncritical. Their ethos of struggle has created a momentum to contest radical ideologies of Islamic radicals. This study investigates the potential for the radicalisation of Islamic students in Indonesia and formulates an approach of integrating national and religious values to mitigate the potential for radicalism. A qualitative research approach is used, and data were collected by distributing questionnaires to Indonesian Islamic student activists. Interviews were also conducted with experts to strengthen secondary sources of information. The results show that the potential for Islamic student to be exposed to radical activists is high. Through categorisation, interpretation and analysis, it was found that the concepts and spread of radicalism were more influenced by religious interpretations than social tolerance factors. In addition, the religious nationalist approach is formulated based on religious terminology and religious narratives.Contribution: This research contributes by assisting colleges’ efforts in building a detection system and mitigating the risk of student radicalism through a religious nationalist approach.

Penguatan Literasi sebagai upaya preventif terhadap Radikalisme-Ekstremisme Beragama di Pondok Pesantren Assalaam Manado

Strengthening Literacy as a preventive effort against Radicalism-Religious Extremism at the Assalaam Islamic Boarding School Manado. The spread of extremist ideologies is often linked to religious institutions, including madrasahs and boarding houses. Its message has long been known as a moderate, tolerant religious institution known as "Rahmatan Lil Alamin" (Blessing for everything in this world). The boarding house of Assalam Manado is one of the boarding houses that hopefully can afford preventive measures to ward off the spread of radicalism and religious extremism. This research is a qualitative study technique of data collection through observation and documentation. Research indicates that the efforts of manado's boarding house to counter radicalism have been mainly made through media and literacy. Moreover, efforts made by cultivating the spirit of ukhuwah by working together; Building social coordination and relationships among other elements of leaders, employees, teachers, parents/guardians of student, society, and student; activating student extracurricular; performing routine learning of Kitab for a student.

Revitalisasi Amaliah Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) dalam Menangkal Faham Radikalisme di Madrasah Aliyah

The spread of radicalism in education requires students to fortify and strengthen their beliefs to not fall into radicalism. The researcher aims to discover the revitalization of NU’s practice in countering radicalism in schools. In this study, the type of field research is descriptive analysis. This study resulted in research findings, namely the implementation of NU’s Islamic tradition in the form of grave pilgrimage of Walisanga and Asmaul Husna reading, as well as a form of revitalization in countering radicalism through NU’s Islamic tradition practice for strengthening Aswaja’s theology.

Factors of the emergence and spread of radicalism and terrorism in the Islamic world

Referring to the current literature of radicalism and terrorism, we can find a variety of its aspects that unfortunately deal with all spheres of public life in thought, politics, society and economics and have a negative impact on international relations; all these matters show the importance of understanding the roots of radicalism and its rising. This writing tries to find the bases, contexts and factors of radicalism rising and its formation, especially in the Muslim world. The purpose of this study is to search the thinking infrastructure and factors of appearance and emersion of radicalism and terrorism, so, the main question of this study is to examine the context, background and factors of radicalization and the emergence of the idea in Islamic community. Despite all teachings of Holly Qur'an, the value of immunity and protection of human lives, what happened to so-called Moslems that without fear and without regard to their own lives kill and harm themselves, women, children and innocent people. In response to the question , this hypothesis presents that Factors can be divided into two parts: theoretical-intellectual and sociological factors, In the section on theoretical intellectual factors some factors such as non-comprehensive and wrong analysis of holly texts; overcoming feelings and emotions over reason and rationality; feeling of injustice and unfair, despairing from current situation and having no hope to improve and reform, and in sociological section, some factors, such as utilization from extremism as an instrument in foreign relations by some super powers, poverty, incorrect foreign relations of some super powers and processes of globalization, are some important grounds and factors that lead to radicalism extension in recent decades. This study was conducted according to the sociology of knowledge.

THE SPIRIT OF RECIPROCITY VERSES IN THE QURAN AS A SOLUTION TO COUNTER RELIGIOUS RADICALISM

The diversity of religions necessitates the recognition and respect of religions other than ours. Islam is a religion that is peaceful and full of love. The spread of radicalism in religious communities in Indonesia illustrates the lack of tolerance in the recognition of religious diversity and the religious diversity of others. This literary research uses a qualitative approach with content analysis and comprehensive interpretation for the Qur'anic text about reciprocity verses. This study concludes that the Qur'an provides enthusiasm and solutions in terms of management and counteracts religious radicalism in the spirit of 'mutual'. Recitation of reciprocal verses as illustrated by the Quran with the editorial and unique arrangement of language in the al-Nisa’ verse 86 and al-An'am verse 108 provides a 'mutual' solution. The principle of mutual respect (al-Nisa ': 86) and not berating each other (al-An'am: 108) with a better attitude in religious life.

KONSTRUKSI PENDIDIKAN KELUARGA SEBAGAI PIONIR DERADIKALISASI PAHAM AGAMA

The spread of radicalism is increasingly widespread among the public. Cases of radicalism religious languid actually occurs. The purpose of this research was to formulate education family to be a deradicalization effort for religion understanding. The family as the Foundation of a country can be seen leading guard in an attempt to deradicalization religion understanding. This paper used a variety of sources the library in writing. Based on this research is qualitative research library. As for the results of this research is to use proper parenting and internalization of positive values as well as the quantity of understanding religion in accordance with the principles of Islam rahmatan lil ' alamin family education can make an effort to deradicalization religion understand.

THE EXISTENCE OF KUDUS ISLAMIC LOCAL CULTURE TO PREVENT RADICALISM IN GLOBALIZATION ERA

Many acts of terror happen recently. The spread of radicalism and terrorism is well-supported by the sophisticated media and technology. In addition, this advanced information technology is also slowly eroding the local cultures. This paper focuses on how to prevent radicalism by maintaining the local culture in Kudus regency. The method of this research is a qualitative method that uses literature study by examining some of the literatures both printed and online. The results of this study show that Kudus regency is still very strong with their local wisdom. This is shown by the Islamic local cultures which are still preserved today, those are: Dandangan, Kupatan dan Syawalan, Bulusan, Kudus Mosque Minaret, Buka Luwur and Cow as Sacred Animal. Globalization tries to erode those local cultures. Nevertheless, Sunan Kudus teaching brings local wisdom of Kudus society could prevent the radicalism in this globalization era.

«SOFT POWER» AGAINST OF RELIGIOUS TERRORISM IN INDONESIA

The article describes the Indonesian Government using non-violent methods in withstanding the spread of radicalism in contemporaryIndonesia. The article analyzes the development of de-radicalization program aimed at the rehabilitation of the former terrorists and supporters of violent methods of the Islamization of the country — the jihadists. The main tools are such methods of struggle against terrorism and extremism, as de-radicalization, rehabilitation and reintegration into society, and most importantly — the elimination of roots and causes of terrorism. This article provides details on how the use of the “soft power” in withstanding extremism works, as well as successes and difficulties in implementing this program.

Kinship Transition and Political Polarization: The Spread of Radicalism in the Swiss Alps

Detailed analysis shows that cultural change did not emerge as a general and unilateral revolutionary process in the Swiss Alps, as many studies have suggested, but as strains within certain political, religious, social, or sexual milieus. What occurred was a growing diversification of social groups rather than a global transformation. Marriages between relatives became, especially in the nineteenth century, special relationships within these milieus, reinforcing political or ideological solidarities. Nor was politics the decisive factor in the restructuring of kinship networks; social and economic perspectives were also important. Economic change, social mobility, class, and sexual behavior, for example, certainly contributed to the re-definition of kinship reproduction.

The Position of European Parliament on the Migrant Crisis in Europe

The migrant crisis in Europe, which reached its zenith in 2015, made EU politicians realize the urgent need for a more effective migration policy that would rely more on supranational cooperation. Absence of this policy triggers migrant influx to Europe, in particular of unqualified labour force, and enhances illegal migration from which organized criminal groups profit enormously. Moreover, uncontrolled migration processes give rise to a number of social, economic, political and cultural problems all across the EU, and thus nurture the Eurosceptic mood. This leads to societal negation of the European integration project and provides fertile soil to the spread of radicalism and xenophobia. The aim of the study is to capture the position of European Parliament on recent migrant crisis. The Parliament, a democratically legitimate body, which claims the right to represent European societies, advocates adoption of systemic EU approach to migration which should be based on the respect of human rights and creation of legal migration pathways for refugees and workers needed by Europe. The solution of the present migrant crisis is sought by the EP in moving towards a common, comprehensive European immigration policy and enhanced solidarity of EU member states in response to increased influx of refugees from conflict zones.

Introduction: North Africa and Britain

This special issue of International Affairs seeks to stimulate more debate and interest in Britain on North Africa. This relatively neglected area of British foreign policy has largely been funneled through the European Union (EU), where the focus of policy has been on preventive security, above all policing against illegal migration and the spread of radicalism and terrorism. The main driver for regional change and potential insecurity is now demographic, evident in the high levels of youth unemployment across North Africa. In facing the challenge of leadership successions over the next decade, it is in the interest of the EU, and in turn, Britain, to engage more closely with North Africa's younger generations to ensure the region's longer term security and stability. Britain has few strong bilateral links with North African societies, however, with the exception of private sector investments in the energy sector and security cooperation. New investment opportunities and a demand for English language and other forms of training for employment could put Britain at an advantage in responding to North African demands for diversified international relationships. A greater focus is also needed on local development opportunities to assist new actors to assume their own economic and political roles, as a better means of delivering security and jobs than relying on central states to deliver both. The articles in this special issue offer new insights into developments in the region, as well as analyses of European and American policy responses to the challenges identified. A common theme is that the region has been held back by a combined lack of institutional safeguards and political participation, with negative impacts on the spread of the economic benefits of higher growth rates and investment. Authoritarian leaderships have proved reliable partners for the EU and Britain in the past, but will they continue to do so in future?

Muslims in the Netherlands: Social and Political Developments after 9/11

The position of Muslims in the Netherlands and government policies regarding Muslims have been influenced not only by the attacks of 9/11, but even more by the murder of the film-maker Theo van Gogh on 2 November 2004. The brutal murder activated serious political problems and perceptions that were already present; it caused authorities to panic, it was the starting point of a series of arson attacks and threats, and many Muslims experienced a feeling of exclusion. The background to these developments can partly be traced back to the socio-economic, cultural and political positions of Muslims in the Netherlands and to the perceptions that Muslims cherish regarding religion and the West. The prevailing perceptions are subject to political struggle between Muslim democrats and Muslim radicals. The development of this struggle calls for a new understanding of the attraction exerted by radicalism and extremism on a small number of Muslim youngsters in Western Europe. This radicalism shows a complicated relation with the religious orthodoxy that is usually called ‘Salafism’. A closer study reveals that Salafism manifests itself in three movements, intensively competing for domination and the recruitment of Muslim youngsters. The two non-violent varieties of Salafism claim to build a threshold against radicalism, whereas others depict it as a stepping-stone towards radicalisation. These perceptions influence policies against terrorism and especially against the spread of radicalism.