Worldwide Spread Of COVID-19 Research Articles

SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE METHOD FOR DETECTION CHICKEN INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS CORONAVIRUS

The article presents a new developed method, which is able to detect the chicken infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) antigen in real time in various buffer solutions, using the surface plasmon resonance (PPR) nanobiosensor of the Plasmon-6 device. The PPR method is hypersensitive to changes in external factors, including the interaction of antigen (coronavirus) and specific antibodies. If the interaction does not happen, the resonance occurs at other angular parameters of the position of the sensitive PPR element relative to the laser radiation. Therefore, the PPR method is becoming a new effective rapid technique of viral pathogen detection, which is important for effective control over infectious diseases spreading. The possibility of IBK virus detection by the PPR sensor response, with preliminary immobilization of antigen or antibodies, is shown, involving the device "Plasmon- 6". The duration of the experiment is about 2 hours, which significantly saves research time compared to other methods (6-48 hours). The changes in the resonance angle in the range of 360-500 angle. sec when the IBC virus antigen binds to serum antibodies in water (distilled) were detected. The angular shift of the nanosensor resonance was determined when the IBC virus antigen bound to the serum antibodies in the PBS, which averaged 354 angular seconds. The possibilities of using the PPR method for express detection of the coronavirus infections pathogen in animal fluids in real time are demonstrated in article. Taking into account the significant social and economic negative consequences of the Coronaviridae virus family members and considering the current situation with the worldwide spread of COVID-19, the representative of the coronavirus family – the Infectious Bronchitis virus has been selected as a model.

Indirect Impact of Covid-19 Lockdown On Society And Environment

In a fairly short time, the worldwide spread of COVID-19 has brought a dramatic reduction in industrialactivities, road traffic and tourism. During this time of crisis restrained human interaction with naturehas appeared as a blessing for nature and the environment. Reports from around the world indicate thatenvironmental conditions, including air quality and water quality in rivers, are improving after the COVID-19outbreak, and wildlife is blooming. India has always been a pollution hub with enormous populations. Butsince COVID-19 announced the lockdown, air quality has begun to improve and all other environmentalparameters such as water quality in rivers have begun to offer a positive sign of restoration.

Indirect Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Society and Environment

In a fairly short time, the worldwide spread of COVID-19 has brought a dramatic reduction in industrialactivities, road traffic and tourism. During this time of crisis restrained human interaction with naturehas appeared as a blessing for nature and the environment. Reports from around the world indicate thatenvironmental conditions, including air quality and water quality in rivers, are improving after the COVID-19outbreak, and wildlife is blooming. India has always been a pollution hub with enormous populations. Butsince COVID-19 announced the lockdown, air quality has begun to improve and all other environmentalparameters such as water quality in rivers have begun to offer a positive sign of restoration

Mathematical Learning Resources Using Android Applicatioan for Online Learning during Pandemic Covid-19

Online learning is one alternative that can be used for learning activities during the covid-19 pandemic. Online learning requires tools that can be used together so that learning activities take place effectively. Utilization of advances technology is an effort that need to be done to support the current learning process. The use of the android application as one of the alternative in implementing online learning during the Covid-19 epidemic is considered very appropriate, because in general vocational students have used this platform as a communication tool. This research is the initial phase which aims to develop learning resources in mathematics using android applications in an effort to carry out the continuation of learning activities in the Covid-19 pandemic. The method of developing learning resources uses the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation (ADDIE) model. This research produces mathematics learning resources using Android applications to support government programs in the application of online education in order to minimize the worldwide spread of Covid-19. Learning resources using Android applications that are developed are equipped with animated videos, example questions, practice questions and competency tests.

The COVID-19, Migration and Livelihood in India: Challenges and Policy Issues

The worldwide spread of COVID-19 first reported from Wuhan in China is attributed to migration and mobility of people. In this article, we present how our understanding of migration and livelihood could be helpful in designing a mitigating strategy of the economic and social impact of COVID-19 in India. We conclude that there are many challenges migrants face during the spread of COVID-19 resulting from nation-wide lockdown. Many internal migrants faced problems such as lack of food, basic amenities, lack of health care, economic stress, lack of transportation facilities to return to their native places and lack of psychological support. On the other hand, COVID-19 has also brought into sharp focus the emigrants from India and the major migration corridors India shares with the world as well. There is huge uncertainty about how long this crisis will last. This article further provides some immediate measures and long term strategies to be adopted by the government such as improving public distribution system, strengthening the public health system, integration of migrants with development, decentralisation as a strategy to provide health services, and providing support to return migrants to reintegrate them, and also strengthen the database on migration and migrant households.

Benefits and Challenges of Social Networking during COVID-19: Personal Perspective

In December 2019, our lives changed forever, as a new virus named COVID-19, disrupted the lives of people worldwide. The spread of this virus has had critical effects on people's health and social interactions, security and national, the economy, and individual attitudes, activities, manners, and behaviour. This dire situation called for governments world-wide to adopt various strategies to contain the spread of the virus and minimise its negative impacts on individuals, communities, and nations. People were asked to self-isolate to avoid contagion and, within a matter of weeks, many began working from home. People started to use sophisticated social networking (SN) applications to communicate, collaborate, connect, and cooperate to exchange information, ideas, keep fit while confined at home, and obtain news about the spread of COVID-19 world-wide. This paper will present an individual perspective on SN during the COVID-19 period, examining and discussing the benefits and challenges associated with SN.

Assessing the immediate impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the air quality of Kolkata and Howrah, West Bengal, India.

The worldwide spread of COVID-19 caused a nationwide lockdown in India from 24 March 2020 and was further extended up to 3 May 2020 to break off the transmission of novel Coronavirus. The study is designed to assess the changes in air quality from the pre-lockdown period to the during lockdown period in Kolkata and Howrah municipal corporation, West Bengal, India. GIS-based techniques include the spatial and temporal distribution of pollutants using interpolation method, and on the other hand, statistical methods like analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to determine the mean differences two phases and correlation matrix helps to understand the changing association of the pollutants in pre- and during lockdown phases. Significant correlations have been found among the pollutants, ANOVA (Two-Way) has shown the significant mean difference of NAQI between the two phases, F(1,611) = 465.723, p < 0.0001; pairwise comparison for Ballygunge has shown the highest mean difference 108.194 at p < 0.0001 significant level between lockdown and pre-lockdown phase. Significant positive correlation has been found between PM2.5, PM10 (0.99*); PM2.5, NO2 (0.81*); PM10, NO2 (0.81*); CO, NO2 (0.77*) and some negative correlations have also been found between O3, NO (− 0.15); O3 and NH3 (− 0.36) in the pre-lockdown phase. The reduction amount of mean concentration from the pre-lockdown phase to during lockdown of the main pollutants like PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 are ~ 58.71%, ~ 57.92% and ~ 55.23%. Near Rabindra Bharati University constant emission of PM2.5, 10 and NO2 have been recorded due to the nearby Cossipore thermal power station.

Efficiency of flipped classroom with online-based teaching under COVID-19

ABSTRACT Due to the spread of COVID-19 worldwide, a large number of universities had to close their campuses. To maintain teaching and learning during this disruption to the traditional teaching, most universities have adopted online teaching model. The current study aimed at investigating the efficacy of various online teaching modes as well as comparing a proposed combined model of online and flipped learning to other online and traditional models. The Learning under COVID-19questionnaire was designed and administered to undergraduate engineering students at Chengdu University of Information Technology (CUIT). The questionnaire included five parts: demographic questions, frequencies of online courses, types of online courses, the communication and Q&A in online classes and the effect of online classes, as well as the effect of combined model learning. The results of the study showed that, students were dissatisfied with online learning in general, and they were especially dissatisfied with the communication and Q&A modes. In addition, the combined model of online teaching with the flipped learning improved students’ learning, attention, and evaluation of courses.

Jewish and Arab pregnant women’s psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: the contribution of personal resources

ABSTRACT Objective: The study sought to examine the psychological distress of Israeli pregnant women during the worldwide spread of COVID-19. As Israel has a diverse cultural-religious population, the sample included both Jewish and Arab women, allowing us to explore the differences between them. Furthermore, we examined the contribution of personal resources, both internal (self-mastery and resilience) and external (perceived social support), as well as the level of infection-related anxiety to the women’s psychological distress. Method: A convenience sample of 403 Israeli women (233 Jewish and 170 Arab) was recruited through social media. Results: Arab women reported significantly higher infection-related anxiety and psychological distress than Jewish women. In addition, Jewish women reported significantly higher self-mastery than Arab pregnant women. Finally, poorer health, being an Arab woman, and lower levels of self-mastery, resilience, and perceived social support, as well as a higher level of infection-related anxiety, contributed significantly to greater psychological distress. Conclusions: The findings show that pregnant women in general may be at risk of psychological distress in times of crisis, and that minority populations in particular may be at greater risk than others. Moreover, the results highlight the contribution of women’s personal and environmental resources in the face of crisis, an understanding that may be used in targeted interventions to reduce distress in vulnerable populations.

Preface

Previous ICESCE conferences were held in Shenzhen, Kunming, Haikou (China), Shenzhen from 2015-2019. In light of the worldwide spread of COVID-19, the conference organizing committee has decided to postpone the 6th edition conference to July 17-19, 2020 in Dali, China for the safety and health of all the participants. The 2020 6th International Conference on Energy Science and Chemical Engineering (ICESCE 2020) is to bring together innovative academics and industrial experts in the field of energy science and chemical engineering to a common forum. The primary goal of the conference is to promote research and developmental activities in energy science and chemical engineering and another goal is to promote scientific information interchange between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working all around the world.The meeting focused on the latest research fields of “Energy Science” and “Chemical Engineering”. It consists of two parts: speeches of keynote speakers and oral presentations. More than 100 participants attended the meeting, they were from China, Bulgarian, Canada, India, South Africa, Italy, Ireland and more. In the first part, we invited two professors as our keynote speakers. Prof. Lei Xing, Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, China as well as our conference chair. He performed a speech on Functionally graded electrodes and segmented design toward the commercialization of PEM (proton exchange membrane) fuel cells. His research on PEM fuel cells improved cell performance. Assoc. Prof. Md. Hasanuzzaman, Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), University of Malaya, Malaysia. He talked about Global Challenges in the Energy Sector: Prospects of Solar Thermal Energy. He appealed to make full use of the solar thermal energy to slow down the global warming and climate change. Their insightful speeches had triggered heated discussion in the second session of the conference. Every participant praised this conference for disseminating useful and insightful knowledge.List of Conference Chair, Organizing Committee and Technical Committee are available in this pdf.

New technology and work: Exploring the challenges

Investigations into new technologies, employment and working conditions are timeless and consequently have occupied research, public policy, and popular fiction for centuries. However, in addition to the uncertainty created by the introduction of new technologies, the current coronavirus pandemic, with its associated impact on health and the economy, has led to increased volatility across the globe. The global medical crisis arising from the worldwide spread of COVID-19 is predicted to lead to a global economic crisis and subsequent deep depression. The resultant economic, social and political repercussions are likely to be felt for years or even decades to come, equalling the great depression of the last century. Consequently, it is difficult to make long-term accurate predictions about the impact of new technologies on industry, society, and labour. In this context, the aim of this introductory article to the themed volume is to consider the potential challenges and opportunities associated with the Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies and potential impacts on work and workplaces. This introductory article comprises an international collection of research that examines the impact of technological change on employment and working conditions with consideration given to the additional impacts of the COVID-19 crisis.JEL Codes: O14, O33

Viral Reflections: Placing China in Global Health Histories.

Public health in China has become a global concern as a consequence of the outbreak and worldwide spread of COVID-19. This article examines the historical place of China in international and global health. Contrary to prevalent narratives in the history of medicine, China and Chinese historical actors played key roles in this field throughout the twentieth century. Several episodes illustrate this argument: the Qing organization of the International Plague Conference in 1911; the role of China in the work of the interwar League of Nations Health Organization and postwar establishment of the World Health Organization; Cold War medical diplomacy; and Chinese models of primary health care during the 1970s. These case studies together show that Chinese physicians and administrators helped shape concepts and practices of "global health" even before that term rose to prominence in the 1990s, and current events are best understood in the context of this history.

Factors Associated with Mental Health Results among Workers with Income Losses Exposed to COVID-19 in China

The outbreak and worldwide spread of COVID-19 has resulted in a high prevalence of mental health problems in China and other countries. This was a cross-sectional study conducted using an online survey and face-to-face interviews to assess mental health problems and the associated factors among Chinese citizens with income losses exposed to COVID-19. The degrees of the depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress symptoms of our participants were assessed using the Chinese versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), the Insomnia Severity Index-7 (ISI-7), and the revised 7-item Impact of Event Scale (IES-7) scales, respectively, which found that the prevalence rates of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress caused by COVID-19 were 45.5%, 49.5%, 30.9%, and 68.1%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with mental health outcomes among workers with income losses during COVID-19. Participants working in Hubei province with heavy income losses, especially pregnant women, were found to have a high risk of developing unfavorable mental health symptoms and may need psychological support or interventions.

Lösemili Çocuklarda SARS COV-2 Enfeksiyonu

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) directed great attention and anxiety all over the world. Epidemiologic models predict that the current COVID-19 pandemic will last several months or even several years, until the development of a vaccine and/or herd immunity. Although the course of the infection is often not severe in children, it can be life threatening especially in immunocompromised children with leukemia. Hematopoietic and lymphoid cancers are accounting for approximately 40% of all childhood cancers. The five-year survival rate for childhood cancer has approached to 70% and more than 80% for leukemia in our country. During COVID pandemic, children with leukemia may also have COVID-19 infection, especially when their bone marrow is depressed due to chemotherapy. It is observed that factors such as the underlying type of cancer, status of remission, or having stem cell transplantation may affect the prognosis. As well as standard and proven treatments for febrile neutropenia, all tests and treatments should be applied very quickly and properly for COVID 19 as is all suspected patients. These efforts may contribute to increase the survival of our children with cancer. Given the absence of data to address concerns related to SARS-CoV-2 infection while on chemotherapy, questions are increasing about the approach for management of systemic immunosuppressive therapies, i.e. ceasing or reducing the immunosuppressive medications in children with leukemia. The current rapid worldwide spread of COVID-19 necessitates identifying optimal preventive strategies and effective medical management. In this report, we tried to review appropriate literature-based approaches for prevention, diagnosis and management of treatment protocols for children with cancer during the pandemic period.

Mouth Rinses with Substantivity Can Prevent COVID-19 Spread and Protect the Healthcare Workers

SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus, has caused a worldwide spread of COVID-19 mainly by coughing, sneezing, droplet inhalation, and contact Studies have found vir

CoVid-19 Pandemic Trend Modeling and Analysis to Support Resilience Decision-Making.

Policy decision-making for system resilience to a hazard requires the estimation and prediction of the trends of growth and decline of the impacts of the hazard. With focus on the recent worldwide spread of CoVid-19, we take the infection rate as the relevant metric whose trend of evolution to follow for verifying the effectiveness of the countermeasures applied. By comparison with the theories of growth and recovery in coupled socio-medical systems, we find that the data for many countries show infection rate trends that are exponential in form. In particular, the recovery trajectory is universal in trend and consistent with the learning theory, which allows for predictions useful in the assistance of decision-making of emergency recovery actions. The findings are validated by extensive data and comparison to medical pandemic models.

National Approach in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran.

Since the outbreak of the New Corona Virus in Wuhan, China and its spreading to Iran, first casesof COVID-19 positive were identified in Qom, Iran and in a short period of time many other mainprovinces including Isfahan, Tehran, Markazi, and Semnan were also infected with the virus shortlyafter that in all 31 provinces the virus spread.1 Super Spreading power of this disease is the reasonwhy we have many infected people daily and according to global epidemiological information, thenumber of infected people will reach to 74877 in April 15,2020.2 like many other countries, Iran startedmedical and hygienic measures with the establishment of a National committee for fighting CoronaVirus. Our country imposed limited commuting to religious, recreational places and trading centers,closed schools and universities, decreased working hours, and cleaned crowded areas and passagewayswith disinfectants (subway stations, bus stations, and gas stations). Other efforts include: Establishingoutposts in order to identify cases of Corona Virus at City entrances and Telephone screening through4030"that is a hotline for COVID-19 detection and providing relevant health information1." Despite thenecessary precautions taken, there were problems in fighting the Corona Disease, the most importantof which include: Insufficiency regarding personal protective equipment like masks, disinfectants andhospital gowns,3 Inadequate number of hospital beds and equipment in some of the cities and shortageof health workers. This issue has caused a high concern in the society and amongst the health workerswho take care of Corona virus cases in hospitals. Also, due to the experienced mental disorders ofthe health care workers while COVID-19 outbreak,4 the role of such shortages in the fight against thisdisease is crucial. In a situation like this where the number of infected people shoots up, hygienic needsof Iran increases, too. A new trend in fighting the disease has begun. In this trend, different groups ofpeople like clerics and cleric students, Basij, medical and non-medical students have taken measuresin fighting the Corona Virus which are in line with the World health organization and Ministry ofHealth and Medical Education standards. These measures are taken in 4 general areas, including:1. disinfecting the pssageways (Streets, Alleys), highly populated areas (Trading Centers, Bus andSubway stations, Gas stations) and vehicles, 2. producing personal protective equipment (Masks, faceshields, gowns and disinfectants), 3. helping with the Telephone Screening by Medical students, and4. Volunteer medical students participation in health care centers and hospitals.Now, despite the exigent circumstances regarding the spread of COVID-19 worldwide,volunteer measures and organized activities in Iran have led to provision of telephone screeninginformation and details about the COVID-19 to more than 65 million people until March 31, 2020;5and production of thousands of hygienic products daily has had a significant role in controllingand fighting the Corona Virus Pandemic. Although in the early period of the virus outbreak,Iran was the third country to have the most cases of Corona positive cases after China and Koreauntil 2nd of March, and the number of identified cases increased in April 15, 2020 which mightbe due to the efficient and comprehensive screening process, it became the 8th country with themost positive cases of Corona after the United States, Spain, Italy, France, Germany, England,and China.2 It is also expected that with adequate health equipment, specialized human resourcesand provision of scientific information to the community, the public and health workers who takecare of Corona virus cases will have tranquility.Therefore, Iran’s approach towards facing the COVID-19 clearly states the fact that nationalapproach in fighting the Corona Virus is an important factor among other measures taken and itis mentioned as a modern approach in managing a health crisis in a large scale.

Psychological Distress Amongst Health Workers and the General Public During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia.

BackgroundThe rapid spread of COVID-19 worldwide has confined millions of people to their homes and has caused a substantial degree of psychological distress. This study aims to investigate the psychological distress impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among the Saudi population.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study, using data collected from 3036 participants via an online self-reported questionnaire. The psychological distress was constructed using the COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index to classify individuals in the sample as having normal, mild or severe distress levels. The study used descriptive analysis and multinomial logistic regressions to examine the sociodemographic factors associated with psychological distress levels during the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsThe evidence showed that 40% of the Saudi population are distressed due to COVID-19, of whom approximately 33% are mildly distressed, while 7% are severely distressed. The distress levels are particularly high amongst the young, females, private sector employees and health workers, especially those working on the frontline.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic is associated with increased distress amongst people living in Saudi Arabia. In support of evidence found in other countries, the study has established that the distress levels vary across different sociodemographic characteristics. Therefore, limiting people’s psychological damage demands both medium- and long-term policy strategies, which include mapping the rates of stress and anxiety for effective psychological treatment allocation and establishing innovative online methods of heightening people’s mental wellbeing.

Intravenous high-dose vitamin C for the treatment of severe COVID-19: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial

IntroductionThe rapid worldwide spread of COVID-19 has caused a global health crisis. To date, symptomatic supportive care has been the most common treatment. It has been reported that the mechanism...

Indirect impact of COVID-19 on environment: A brief study in Indian context

Worldwide spread of COVID-19 in a quite short time has brought a dramatic decrease in industrial activities, road traffic and tourism. Restricted human interaction with nature during this crisis time has appeared as a blessing for nature and environment. Reports from all over the world are indicating that after the outbreak of COVID-19, environmental conditions including air quality and water quality in rivers are improving and wildlife is blooming. India has always been a hub of pollution with huge population, heavy traffics and polluting industries leading to high air quality index (AQI) values in all major cities. But after declaration of lockdown due to COVID-19, quality of air has started to improve and all other environmental parameters such as water quality in rivers have started giving a positive sign towards restoring. This paper provides evidence-based insight into improvement of air quality and environment during pre and post lockdown of this pandemic situation. An attempt has been made to visualize the improvement in the air quality using tools like satellite images of Indian atmosphere, results of onsite real-time monitoring at specific locations (Ghaziabad-highest polluting city of India) and Air quality index (AQI) calculated by central pollution control board of India.