Sports Lessons Research Articles

Monitoring The Effort Curve In Physical Education For Normal And Overweight Students Using Smartwatches And Mobile Applications

Study purpose. In physical education and sports lessons, correctly dosing effort is essential for optimising physical performance and adapting effort parameters, including breaks, in line with physiological principles. The study hypothesises that using smart-watches and mobile apps to monitor effort in middle school physical education lessons will reveal significant differences in effort and heart rate between overweight and average BMI students. Modern technology is expected to enhance understanding of students' physical exertion, facilitating adjustments to programs based on health status and fitness level. Material and method. The study involved 45 students (average age 13.5 years) using 15 Xiaomi 8 smart-watches, phones, Wi-Fi, the Mi Fit app, and other devices to analyse body composition. Data on heart rate and BMI were collected during lessons, which followed the same theme and effort dosage. The Mi Fit app provided detailed aerobic and anaerobic exertion analyses. Parental consent was obtained, and data collection was done under routine lesson conditions. The technology aimed to improve performance and customise programs, offering a personalised approach to physical education. Real-time data transfer enabled accurate analysis of physical effort, promoting healthier lifestyles and better lesson adaptation by teachers. Results. A significant interaction between heart rate and BMI steps (p < 0.01) shows different cardiovascular adaptations to exercise based on BMI. MANOVA confirmed the significant impact of these variables on heart rate, and post hoc comparisons showed differences between weight categories, except between overweight and extremely obese groups. These results highlight the need to tailor physical education programs to BMI categories to optimise cardiovascular health and performance. Conclusion. Results suggest that monitoring the effort curve using modern technologies, such as smart-watches and mobile apps, provides valuable information for adjusting and optimising physical education lessons, especially for overweight and obese students.

Improving Physical Education Skills with the Blended Learning Method

Many students only have expertise in one sport and there are also those who are just learning a particular sport. As a result, they lack understanding and face difficulties when learning. Where sports lessons only concentrate on psychomotor and affective aspects in their implementation. Effective and efficient learning methods will overcome problems and help students achieve learning goals. Combining face-to-face or conventional learning with offline and online learning (Blended Learning) is expected to solve sports learning problems.

THE EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE TEACHING METHOD USED IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS LESSONS ON INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY AND LEADERSHIP

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the collaborative teaching method used in physical education and sports lessons on the development of students' leadership characteristics and individual responsibility values. In the research, a quasi-experimental model with a pre-test/post-test control group was used. The sample of the study consists of a control group of 30 participats and an experimental group of 28 participats studying at Altay Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School in Izmir province. Youth Leadership Characteristics Scale and Individual Responsibility Scale were applied to the participants as pre-test and post-test, respectively. Physical education and sports lessons for 8 weeks were taught by collaborative teaching method in the experimental group and according to the normal curriculum in the control group. Data were analyzed with the SPSS software. As a result of the analyzes, it was found that the score of all participants from the individual responsibility scale increased, but this increase did not make a significant difference between the groups.

Preparation of Non Locomotor Basic Movement Assessment Instruments for Class III Moderate Mentally Retarded Children at SLB Negeri Luragung Kuningan

Assessment is an access used to determine the abilities, difficulties and needs of a child which is then used as a reference to develop an appropriate learning program. A teacher, especially a teacher who handles children with special needs, is required to be able to compile assessment instruments that are suitable for the children he handles. The purpose of this study was to develop a non-locomotor basic motion assessment instrument for class III moderate mental retardation child at SDLB SLB Negeri Luragung. Non-locomotor basic movements are used in learning activities usually in warming up or cooling down during sports that contain motion patterns such as bending, twisting, swinging and bending. This study used a qualitative approach and descriptive method. The data in this study were obtained from observations, interviews, FGDs, and validation. The results of observations made by research to three grade III moderate mental retardation child show that children experience obstacles in gross motor non-locomotor basic movements such as in sports lessons during warm-ups the child looks stiff and less able to maintain body balance so as not to fall, while in daily activities maintaining body balance while doing activities in place is very necessary. Therefore, researchers are interested in compiling a non-locomotor basic motion assessment instrument for grade III moderate disability children to find out more about what the child's difficulties are in basic non-locomotor movements, then the results of the assessment instruments that have been prepared are validated to determine readability and applicability.

ACTUALIZATION OF DZIGORO KANO'S JUDO PHILOSOPHY FOR VIRTUE EDUCATION IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

The purpose of the article: in a theoretical analysis, to substantiate the usefulness of judo martial arts philosophy in the upbringing of virtues of preschool children (5-6 years old) in judo physical activities. The article examines the historical and cultural path of judo and its philosophical aspect in the education of moral qualities following the rules and self-control, managing emotions through regulators. The problem and actuality in the 21st century is the growing aggressiveness, cruelty and emotional indifference of children revealed in sports lessons. During the discussions, it was found that children do not know what virtues are. The work of sports teachers revealed that it is possible to use the principles of judo philosophy to promote the virtues defined in regulatory documents. The conducted research revealed that Judo philosophy is useful for realizing children's intellectual potential, promoting socio-emotional development, cultivating the virtues of honesty, mutual help, respect, friendship, kindness and courage in physical activities with Judo exercises. The disciplined exercises embodied in the Judo philosophy can help promote self-discipline, self-control and endurance.

Evidence-Based Practice in Adaptive Snow Sports: A Brief Report

Adaptive outdoor recreation experiences are widely accepted as a means to rehabilitation and community inclusion; however, therapeutic recreation specialists, have been limited in their ability to document benefits of outdoor recreation activities due to a lack of available instruments. This study reports on the development and implementation of the Progress Report assessment tool, designed to capture functional outcomes of an adaptive snow sports program in the Rocky Mountains. Instrument design, validation, and pilot testing are reviewed. Findings indicate positive changes in participant functional skills observed during snow sports lessons and a positive relationship between number of lessons and one’s ability for the respective snow sports activity. Considerations for adaptation and application of the Progress Report, and implications for future research, are discussed.

Madrasah Head's Strategy in Cultivating Character Education at MI Ma'arif NU 1 Klapagading Wangon Banyumas

This journal examines the Madrasah Head's strategy in cultivating character education at MI Ma'arif NU 1 Klapagading Wangon Banyumas and aims to describe the Madrasah Head's strategy in cultivating character education at MI Ma'arif NU 1 Klapagading Wangon Banyumas. Based on the results of observations and interviews, the principal's strategy in cultivating character education at MI Ma'arif NU 1 Klapagading Wangon, Banyumas Regency includes integration in self-development programs such as routine activities, spontaneous activities, modeling and conditioning. integration in subjects includes Islamic religious studies, sports lessons, integration into school culture in the classroom, school and outside school.

Analysis of pre-service teachers' flow experience in educational drama practices and the effect of practices on attitudes toward creative drama courses

Aim: The analysis of the flow experience of pre-service teachers in educational drama practices and the effect of the practices on the attitude towards creative drama lessons reveal the purpose of the study. It is of great importance for physical education teachers to use creative drama practices as an effective teaching method in physical education and sports lessons, both in terms of their personal development and professional development. Method: The study was designed with a pre-test-post-test control group experimental design, one of the true experimental designs, and one of the quantitative research methods. In addition to the demographic information form, the "Flow Experience Scale" and "Attitude Scale towards Creative Drama Lessons" were applied to the participants as measurement tools. The distribution of the participant's demographic information was analyzed by frequency analysis. T-test independent groups analyzed the participants' pre-test and post-test scale scores, and the change in the pre-test and post-test scores of the scales according to demographic information was analyzed by t-test in independent groups and one-way analysis of variance. A regression model was tested to determine the effect of reason on anxiety. Analyses were performed with SPSS 20.0 software at a 95% confidence level. Findings and Conclusions: As a result, there was no significant difference between the attitude scale scores towards flow experience and creative drama course of the students participating in the research according to their age, gender, income level, place of residence, and activity type, and between the pre-tests and post-tests of the scales. However, a significant difference was detected between the pre-test and post-test scores of the flow experience scale anxiety sub-dimension and the flow sub-dimension of the academic achievement variable. In addition, although there was no significant difference in terms of the variables mentioned, it was noted that the flow experience flow and anxiety subscale scores were low. In contrast, the attitude scores towards the creative drama course were high.

A comparative study of achievement abilities and physical aptitude between boys and girls of the age group (6-7) years


 The study of achievement and cognitive abilities and physical variables for children in the stage of 6-7 years is important as it gives a lot of indications and indicators for this school age, the study focused on a sample of the first grade pupils of some schools in Fallujah (100 students). The researchers used the descriptive method of the study and measured the attainment capabilities through a questionnaire prepared by them. Physical efficiency was also measured through Sargent Vertical-Jump test. The research problem was summarized in the presence of delays in the students' cognitive levels and their attainment abilities this led researchers to compare their achievement and cognitive abilities with physical efficiency and the study aimed to know and compare those variables for pupils’ ages 6-7 years .The Researchers concluded that the measurement of mental abilities is one of the most important processes for evaluating the academic and cognitive level of boys and girls and from the first grade of primary, which is the basic school stage that will be built on the rest of the later stages, they also concluded that the measurement of physical efficiency at this age is very important to know the level of motor and physical ability of children in order to evaluate the curricula of physical education lessons and school sports. The Researchers recommended to develop the attainment capabilities of first grade pupil in all Iraqi schools through changing and improving the curriculum by adopting modern teaching and learning methods, the development of means and methods of teaching staff and the development of curricula of physical education and sports lessons in order to develop and increase the muscle explosive power of the legs, which plays the main role in enhancing and improving the degree of physical efficiency of students in primary school .
 

Examination of Physical Education and Sports Courses in Educational Systems (Germany and Türkiye Example)

It is seen that education systems all over the world have basic sciences, arts and sports courses within each structure. The importance of sports classes is increasing day by day in today's world where sedentary lifestyle increases with the age of digitalization. Physical education and sports lessons are important in order to meet the exercise needs of children who have the ability but are not able to do professional sports. When we study the historical development of physical education and sports in Turkey, we can say that it is mostly influenced by the German education system and educators after the 1920s. German gymnasts worked as physical education and sports teachers in the Ministry of Education. In short, physical education and sports education and its curriculum in the Turkish education system have been influenced by the German education system for years. The aim of this study is to examine the physical education and sports courses in Turkish and German current education systems. As a result of the research, it is seen that although Turkish-German education systems are very different from each other, there is one or more weekly lessons per class in physical education and sports curricula. It is seen that the biggest difference is in primary education. The course carried out with the name of physical education and games in the primary schools in Turkey is carried out 5 hours a week in the grades 1-3 and 2 hours a week in the 4th grade. While the average class hour of 4 years is 17 in Turkey, this number is 11 hours in Germany.

The Importance of Physical Education and Sports in Education: A Study Focusing on Student Development

This study aims to explore the impact of physical education and sports on the general development of students in the context of education. Qualitative methodology and interview method in accordance with this approach were used in the research. The research group consisted of 29 physical education and sports teachers working in different provinces of Turkey. In participant selection, the purposeful sampling approach, which is a common choice in qualitative research, and the maximum diversity sampling method was used as part of this purposeful sampling strategy. The data for this study were collected through semi-structured interviews designed by the researcher. Then, content analysis approach was applied to evaluate the research data. The findings of the study showed that the inclusion of physical education and sports lessons in the school curriculum provides students with a wide range of positive outcomes in psychosocial, physical, cognitive, psychomotor, emotional and health areas. Additionally, the research found that physical education and sports lessons promote fair play values among students and contribute significantly to the constructive use of free time.Keywords: Development Education, Physical Education and Sports, Student

The Importance of Handball in the Development of High School Pupils

The aim of the research consists of identifying the opinions of pupils, parents, and teachers from high-school education institutions on the main aspects of the handball game within physical education and sports lessons and training. The present research is of ascertaining – ameliorative type, carried out on a sample of 110 people (pupils, parents, and specialized teachers) from four educational institutions in Campulung Moldovenesc, Romania: National College «Dragos Voda», Bucovina Forest College, National Military College «Stefan Cel Mare» and Technological High School no.1, between February 1, 2022, and September 1, 2022. The methods used in the research included: the analysis of the specialized literature, the diagnosis questionnaire, and the mathematical-statistical method. The main conclusions of the study refer to the benefits of the handball game, its role in the morpho-functional development of the pupils, the level of motivation of the pupils to practice this game within the physical education and sports lessons, as well as outside the hours, within the handball high school team.

Vocal Demand Response to the Educational Setting Based Communication Scenarios: A Single Subject Study

Objectives. This was a single-subject study, aimed to demonstrate different vocal demand situations that are typical for primary school and teacher's vocal demand response under two acoustical conditions, with and without voice amplification, during five working days. Methods. The long-term voice dosimetry with Vocal Holter Med (PR.O. Voice Srl) was carried out on a 49-year-old female teacher with voice disorders during daily teaching activities. A sound field amplification system (SFAS) PentaClass Runa was installed in the classroom. Voice dosimetry was provided under two different acoustical conditions: without SFAS (2 days) and with SFAS (3 days). Results. Phonation time percentage, sound pressure level (SPL), SPL SD, fundamental frequency (F0), F0 SD, cycle, and distance doses were investigated in seven communication scenarios (lessons, group/individual classes, sports lessons in the gym and schoolyard, breaks, lunch breaks, and other activities). The median scores of all voice parameters differed significantly between different vocal demand contexts. The significant statistical difference in the vocal demand response was in the communication situations with and without SFAS. In addition, the number of children, reverberation time, and ambient air relative humidity impacted voice SPL and the cycle dose. Conclusions. Lessons, sports lessons held in the gym or schoolyard, breaks, and lunch breaks were considered as high vocal demand communication situations requiring higher voice intensity and fundamental frequency, higher phonation time percentage, cycle, and distance doses. Group/individual work and other teacher activities during the day, unrelated to direct work with students, were categorized as low vocal demand communication scenarios.

Motor Development and Skills Training Students' Sports within the Framework of the School – Family Partnership

The partnership between school and family in the physical education of students is essential for the promotion of a healthy life and for the harmonious development of children. The school has the role of offering a well-structured curriculum in the field of physical education, lessons, and activities adapted to the age and level of development of the students. Physical education teachers can organize various activities, such as sports lessons, games, competitions, and special events, to support the motor development and training of students' sports skills. On the other hand, the family has an essential role in supporting and encouraging students to practice physical activity. Parents can be role models for children by adopting an active and healthy lifestyle.

How Should Physical and Social Communication Be in Physical Education and Sports Lessons?

This research examines the views of physical education and sports teachers on parents' perspectives on how physical and social communication should be in physical education and sports lessons. The interview method, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in the research. The research group consists of 28 physical education and sports teachers working in schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education, using the purposeful sampling method, one of the nonprobability sampling strategies. Research data were collected through a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher. In the study, the data were evaluated using the content analysis method. According to the results of the research, the category of the effect of communication on physical education and sports lesson, regarding the views of physical education and sports teachers on the parents' perspectives on how physical and social communication should be in physical education and sports lessons, respectively; Considering that it plays an active role in the social development of students, the importance of communication with students increases parents' interest in the lesson, supporting the teacher due to the positive effect of communication on the student, showing a sincere approach to the teacher, thinking that teachers play an active role in solving some problems that families cannot solve, in the eyes of parents, physical education and the increase in the reputation of the sports course, respectively, under the theme of harmful gaze; It has been determined that they express the opinion that the lesson is considered unimportant, that the thought that the children will be harmed eliminates the desire to participate in the lesson.

TAEKWONDO POSE ESTIMATION WITH DEEP LEARNING ARCHITECTURES ON ONE-DIMENSIONAL AND TWO-DIMENSIONAL DATA

Practicing sports is an activity that helps people maintain and improve their health, enhance memory and concentration, reduce anxiety and stress, and train teamwork and leadership ability. With the development of science and technology, artificial intelligence in sports has become increasingly popular with the public and brings many benefits. In particular, many applications help people track and evaluate athletes' achievements in competitions. This study extracts images from Taekwondo videos and generates skeleton data from frames using the Fast Forward Moving Picture Experts Group (FFMPEG) technique using MoveNet. After that, we use deep learning architectures such as Long Short-Term Memory Networks, Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory, and Long-term Recurrent Convolutional Networks to perform the poses classification tasks in Taegeuk in Jang lessons. This work presents two approaches. The first approach uses a sequence skeleton extracted from the image by Movenet. Second, we use sequence images to train using video classification architecture. Finally, we recognize poses in sports lessons using skeleton data to remove noise in the image, such as background and extraneous objects behind the exerciser. As a result, our proposed method has achieved promising performance in pose classification tasks in an introductory Taekwondo lesson.

Examination of metaphorical attitudes towards physical education teacher and lesson

The attitudes of secondary school students towards physical education and sports lessons and their teachers were tried to be determined through metaphors in this study. In the study, in which the mixed research method was used, the convergent parallel design was adopted. In the research, “physical education teacher evaluation scale based on student opinions”, “physical education attitude scale for secondary education students” and the metaphor sentence created by the researchers were used as data collection tools. The study group consisted of 185 secondary school students. The obtained quantitative data were analyzed in the Jamovi 2.0.0 statistical software program. Independent sample t-test and Pearson correlation test were used in pairwise comparisons. When the data obtained were examined, significant differences were determined according to the physical education teacher (PEL) attitude, gender, sports background, PEL, and teacher love. In the mean scores of physical education teacher evaluation, there were differences according to gender, PEL, and teacher love. The findings of the qualitative data were analyzed with the content analysis method, and categories and themes were created. The metaphors for physical education and sports lessons were grouped under two categories, while the metaphors for the physical education and sports teacher were grouped under three categories.

Investigation of Secondary School Students' Value Levels for Physical Education and Sports Lesson

Ortaokul öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi ve spor dersine yönelik değer düzeylerinin incelenmesi amacı ile yapılan araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2021-2022 Eğitim-Öğretim yılı Muğla ili Milas ilçesindeki ortaokullarda okuyan araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden 238’i kadın ve 235’i de erkek olmak üzere toplam 473 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada genel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Kişisel bilgi formu ile “Adalet”, “Dostluk”, “Özdenetim”, “Sorumluluk” ve “Yardımseverlik” alt boyutlarından oluşan “Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Dersi Değerler Eğitimi Ölçeği (BESDDEÖ)” uygulanarak veriler toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda ortaokul öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi ve spor dersine ilişkin en yüksek değer düzeyini “Adalet” (4,32±0.75), en düşük değer düzeyini ise “Dostluk” (3,88±0.78) boyutunda sergiledikleri bulunmuştur. Cinsiyet değişkenine göre “Adalet” (z=-1.990, p=.047.05), “Sorumluluk” (z=-1.239, p=.215>.05), “Yardımseverlik” (z=-.080, p=.936>.05) boyutları ile BESDDEÖ toplam puanlarında (z=-.423, p=.673>.05) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark elde edilmemiştir (p>.05). Sonuç olarak çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin BESDDEÖ’den aldıkları puanlara göre kadın öğrencilerin erkek öğrencilere göre daha yüksek düzeyde beden eğitimi ve spor dersine yönelik değerlere sahip oldukları, sınıf değişkeninin ise beden eğitimi ve spor dersi değer düzeyini etkilemediği ifade edilebilir.

Examining of the Values of High School Students Related To Physical Education And Sports Lessons According to Some Variables

Bu araştırma, lise öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi ve spor dersine ilişkin değerleri ile bazı demografik özellikleri (cinsiyet, yaş, kulüp lisansı, okul takımında yer alma) arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Çalışmamıza Milli Eğitim Bakanlığına ait liselerde eğitim öğretim hayatına devam eden lise öğrencileri gönüllü katılım sağlamışlardır. Araştırmanın örneklemini ise Diyarbakır ilinde 2023-2024 eğitim öğretim yılında lise öğrenimine devam eden ve kolaylıkla ulaşılabilen örneklem yöntemi ile belirlenen lise öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmamıza 213 kız, 211 erkek toplam 424 öğrenci gönüllülük esasına dayalı olarak dahil olmuşlardır. Araştırmamızda veri toplamak için Yücekaya M.A. ve diğerleri tarafından 2022’de geliştirilen ‘’Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Dersi Lise Değerler Ölçeği’’ kullanılmıştır. Yapılan normallik sınaması sonucunda verilerin normal dağıldığı tespit edilmiş ve parametrik testler uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda lise öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi ve spor dersine yönelik değer düzeylerinin ölçek toplamı ile tüm alt boyutlarında çok yüksek düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Beden eğitimi ve spor dersi lise değer ölçeği alt boyutlarında en yüksek ortalamasının ‘’Sportmenlik’’ en düşük ortalamanın ise ‘’Saygı’’ alt boyutunda olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

EXAMINATION OF SECONDARY EDUCATION STUDENTS' ATTITUDES TOWARDS PHYSICAL EDUCATION COURSE

The aim of this study is to compare the attitudes of male and female students studying in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades of high school towards Physical Education and Sports lessons depending on variables such as age, gender and class. The population of the research consists of 372 students, 249 females and 123 males, studying at three public schools in Kulp. In the study, Physical Education Attitude Scale developed by Güllü and Güçlü (2009) was used to determine students' attitudes towards Physical Education and Sports lesson. Physical Education Lesson Attitude Scale consists of 35 questions, 11 of which are negative and 24 of which are positive. When the results of the research are examined, it can be said that the students' attitude scores towards the Physical Education and Sports lesson are not very high on average. In the comparison made in terms of gender, male students' attitude levels towards Physical Education and Sports lessons were found to be higher than female students. In the comparisons made in terms of the class they studied, it was determined that the 9th grade students' attitude levels towards the Physical Education lesson were higher than the 11th grade students.