Sports Clothing Research Articles

Conventional to Comfortable or Respectable to Practical: The Evolution of Women’s Golf Clothing in Britain, 1890–1935

The emergence of sports-specific clothing during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries has been explored by academics, yet with only a few exceptions which focus on sports such as swimming, riding and tennis, little has been written about the development of sportswear for women in Britain in this period. 1 Similarly, there has been little in the way of consideration given to the growth and development of women’s golf during this time. Yet, both are areas of considerable change and worthy of detailed study. In this article we will trace the developments of golf clothing for women from the early days of the formalized game in the late nineteenth century until the end of the inter-war period. In doing so we seek to highlight that golf fashions, like those in other sporting arenas, mirrored the changing expectations of female players whilst also reflecting the societal expectations of women of the period. We will discuss the everyday clothing worn by the pioneers of the game and the modifications they made to their garments in order allow them to play effectively. We will also explore the growth of specialist sports clothing developed specifically for golf and the ways in which these sports clothes were marketed and ultimately became fashionable modes of attire beyond the golf course by the end of the inter-war period.

A proposed checklist for climate-friendly sport and exercise programmes.

BackgroundFighting the climate crisis is the greatest challenge of our time and will touch all aspects of people’s lives. In this context, the United Nations (UN) have called on the sport sector to reduce its negative impacts on the environment and show ‘climate leadership’. While some efforts have already been made with regards to mega sport events, there is still a dearth of approaches on limiting the climate impact of recreational sport and exercise programmes.MethodsBased on the UN-Framework ‘Sports for Climate Action’, literature reviews and additional desk research, a checklist to support local level stakeholders in providing climate-friendly sport and exercise programmes was developed.ResultsThe proposed checklist consists of five dimensions that need to be considered when designing and offering a climate-friendly sport and exercise programme: (i) active transport to exercise programmes, (ii) the carbon footprint of different types of exercises, (iii) low carbon sport clothing and equipment, (iv) instructors as champions for climate action and (v) advertising and communication. These five dimensions result in a 16-item checklist that supports the planning, advertising, implementation and evaluation of climate-friendly sport and exercise programmes.ConclusionsThe proposed checklist intends to facilitate the development of climate-friendly sport and exercise programmes. However, additional work is needed to test the implementation of the checklist at the local level. While the sport sector can make its own contributions to reduce its climate impact, intersectoral action is needed to improve infrastructure for active transport and to build sustainable sport facilities.

Effect of Some Fabric Structure on the Functional Properties of Sports Clothing Fabrics

Effect of Some Fabric Structure on the Functional Properties of Sports Clothing Fabrics

SPORTS PRODUCTS IN THE LIGHT OF PUBLIC POLICIES

The question is how do public sports policies, in Senegal, contribute to the promotion of local sports products, especially sports clothing? Finally, it has been shown that public sports policies provide a general framework for action and objectives to be achieved, however, insufficient to support the promotion of local sports clothing. The adoption of concrete measures, the existence of a target audience, the allocation of resources and the presence of a regulatory mechanism remain to be established.

‘They never felt these fabrics before’: How SoundCloud rappers became the dandies of hip hop through hybrid dress

This article examines the appearances and dress of SoundCloud rappers, a highly popular subgenre of American hip hop music, which shifted from homemade music to the mainstream in 2016. SoundCloud rappers wear clothes usually associated with hybrid masculinity, such as fluffy pink hoodies, silk scarves and frilly shirts. In contrast, although not lacking in style, rappers usually embody an idealized heteronormative masculinity, played out through manly affect, which is often expressed through baggy sports clothing and oversized gold jewellery. Despite Black masculinity being historically defined through stylish, interesting and ostentatious clothes, these looks have been rejected by traditional rappers for fear of association with more hybrid masculinity. The transformation in cultural production through participatory culture, allowing for different male identities to be expressed notwithstanding, masculinity in hip hop has been very slow to change. Using the concept of the dandy, this article examines the ways in which certain SoundCloud rappers have embraced ostentation in clothing, despite a significant backlash from their peers. Moreover, we suggest that SoundCloud rappers have pushed the boundaries of clothing for a new generation of queer Black rappers, arguably, paving the way for looks which are ‘beyond belief’.

Dimensional, moisture, and thermal properties of bi-layered knitted fabric for sportswear application

PurposeThe essential properties of active sports fabrics are moisture management, quick-drying, body heat management and thermal regulations. Fibre type, blending nature, yarn and fabric structure and the finishing treatment are the key parameters that influenced the performance of the clothing meant for sportswear. This study aims to investigate the effect of fibre blending and structural tightness factors on bi-layer sport fabric's dimensional, moisture management and thermal properties.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, 12 different bi-layer inter-lock fabrics were produced. Polyester filament (120 Denier) yarn was fed to form the backside of the fabric, and the face side was varied with cotton, modal, wool and soya spun yarns of 30sNe. Three different types of structural tightness factors were considered, such as low, medium and high were taken for sample development. The assessment towards dimensional, moisture management and thermal properties was carried out on all the samples.FindingsThe polyester-modal blend with a high tightness factor has shown maximum overall moisture management capability (OMMC) values of 0.73 and air permeability of 205.3 cm3/cm2/s. The same sample has shown comparatively higher thermal conductivity of 61.72 × 10–3 W m-1 °C-1(Under compression state) and 58.45 × 10–3 W m-1 °C-1 (under recovery state). In the case of surface roughness is concerned, polyester-modal blends have shown the lowest surface roughness, surface roughness amplitude and surface friction co-efficient. Among the selected fibre combinations, the overall comfort level of polyester-modal bi-layer knitted structure with a higher tightness factor is appreciable. Polyester-modal is more suitable for active sportswear among the four fiber blend combinations.Research limitations/implicationsThe outcome of this study will help to gain a better understanding of fibre blends, structural tightness factor and other process specifications for the development of bi-layer fabric for active sportswear applications. The dynamic functional testing methods (Moisture management and Thermal properties) were carried out to simulate the actual wearing environment of the sports clothing. This study will create a new scope of research opportunities in the field of bi-layer sports textiles.Originality/valueThis study was conducted to explore the influence of fibre blend and structural tightness factor on the comfort level of sportswear and to find the suitable fibre blend for active sportswear clothing.

A AUTOEXPOSIÇÃO DE PRATICANTES DE EXERCÍCIOS FÍSICOS COMUNICADA EM REDES SOCIAIS E SUA RELAÇÃO COM O CONSUMO

This research proposes to understand the relationship between the self-exposure of physical exercise practitioners on social media communication and consumption. To this end, we sought to identify the motivations for selfexposure of physical exercise practitioners on social media; identify the types of products consumed that are related to self-exposure on social media and verify the influence between self-exposure of physical exercise practitioners on social media and consumption. Qualitative research was applied, aided by semistructured interviews and by the projective autodriving technique. Twelve men who practice physical exercises in gyms were interviewed. Three categories emerged from the results: exhibitionism, encouraging healthy living and personal fulfillment as antecedents for the self-exposure of physical activity practitioners on social media, and the consumption of food, electronic, sports clothing, applications, and software products was identified, as a way to help the best image that will be exposed. Through the development of a framework, it was found that the self-exposure of the image influences both self-consumption and the consumption of followers. In addition, the concept of conspicuous consumption was broadened by relating the exposure of the conquest of the fitness body as an acquired good that provides social status.

Azadirachta indica‐Derived Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis and Its Antimicrobial Applications

Advancement of biologically driven experimental procedure for the generation of metal nanoparticles is a major aspect in the domain of nanotechnology. Herein, we synthesized one pot silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Azadirachta indica (Neem plant) via green synthesis method. The alkaloids and flavonoids in the plant extract served as capping and reducing agent to develop silver nanoparticles. The characterization of synthesized AgNPs was performed using analytical techniques such as UV‐visible spectroscopy, FTIR, and SEM. The synthesized AgNPs were further impregnated onto a cotton cloth and the antimicrobial studies were performed. The AgNPs embedded in cotton fabric were found to show zone of inhibition against the fungi Candida albicans, gram‐negative bacteria Escherichia coli, and gram‐positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. This experimental study suggests that the AgNPs impregnated on cotton cloth could have great potential for application in smart nanobandages for wound dressing, medical textiles, sports clothing, etc.

Unikáty oděvní sbírky Oddělení dějin tělesné výchovy a sportu Národního muzea

The Department of the History of Physical Education and Sport of the National Museum preserves among others also numerous textile objects that document physical education and sport activities in our region. From the mid-19th century to the present day, sport has been interwoven with the cultural and historical events in our country. The collections of sport paraphernalia document the leisure activities of the general population as well as, especially in the modern history, their occupation and socioeconomic status. By studying clothing collections, it is possible to extract the technological processes of the production of the materials, the development of fashion trends, the social division of the society or the political preferences of a state or a group. This article focuses on unique objects of Department of the History of Physical Education and Sport clothing collections.

Experts’ views on sports clothing quality

ABSTRACT This study investigated experts’ understanding of sports clothing quality, the quality attributes they consider, and their views on the evaluation process. Twenty-two experts working in different sports clothing development and evaluation functions participated in semi-structured expert interviews. A thematic analysis highlighted three different views on quality, real-world problems in the evaluation process, and facilitated a sports clothing quality framework. Experts saw sports clothing quality as the fulfilment of use-case requirements, an immediate impression, or an individual perception. With the established sports clothing quality framework, it was possible to break down the overall quality impression in attributes and assign evaluation methods to it. Several challenges and suggestions for the evaluation process were detected. This ranged from the lack of measurability of attributes to solutions such as digitalisation.

Information Technology in Sports Clothing

The purpose of this study, to meet the needs of Muslim women to carry out exercise activities so that Muslim women do not struggle to find clothes that fit their style in everyday life, using Social media as a tool for promotion. This study used a descriptive method to describe the efforts of Muslim women's sports clothing through social media as a promotional tool because nowadays many women who already use hijab during exercise. The results obtained from this research added employment opportunities. The reason to be accomplished and get noticed is the clarity of the utilization of social media and see what is being needed by women today. The conclusion of this research is young people especially those who have not opened the business, this business is used as an example or the first step of opening the daily effort to increase income and learn to become a professional entrepreneur

Thermo-Physiological Comfort Properties of Sportswear with Different Combination of Inner and Outer Layers.

Consumers expect high-performance functionality from sportswear. To meet athletic and leisure-time activity requirements, further research needs to be carried out. Sportswear layers and their specific thermal qualities, as well as the set and air layer between materials, are all important factors in sports clothing. This research aims to examine the thermal properties of sports fabrics, and how they are affected by structure parameters and maintained with different layers. Three inner and four outer layers of fabric were used to make 12 sets of sportswear in this study. Before the combination of outer and inner layers, thermal properties were measured for each individual layer. Finally, the thermal resistance, thermal conductivity, thermal absorptivity, peak heat flow density ratio, stationary heat flow density, and water vapor permeability of bi-layered sportswear were evaluated and analyzed. The findings show that sportswear made from a 60% cotton/30% polyester/10% elastane inner layer and a 100% polyester outer layer had the maximum thermal resistance of 61.16 (×103 K·m2 W−1). This performance was followed by the sample made from a 90% polyester/10% elastane inner layer and a 100% polyester outer layer, and the sample composed of a 100% elastane inner layer and a 100% polyester outer layer, which achieved a thermal resistance value of 60.41 and 59.41 (×103 K·m2 W−1), respectively. These results can be explained by the fact that thicker textiles have a higher thermal resistance. This high-thermal-resistance sportswear fabric is appropriate for the winter season. Sportswear with a 90% polyester/10% elastane inner layer had worse water vapor resistance than sportswear with a 60% cotton/30% polyester/10% elastane and a 100% elastane layer. Therefore, these sports clothes have a higher breathability and can provide the wearers with very good comfort. According to the findings, water vapor permeability of bi-layered sportswear is influenced by geometric characteristics and material properties.

"Evaluation of Athlete Physiology and Performance in Different National Sport Clothes"

"Evaluation of Athlete Physiology and Performance in Different National Sport Clothes"

Perspectives on implementing HIIT interventions for service users in inpatient mental health settings: a qualitative study investigating patient, carer and staff attitudes

AimsHigh intensity interval training (HIIT) may improve a range of physical and mental health outcomes among people with severe mental illnesses (SMI). However, there is limited data on patients’ reported attitudes towards HIIT and its implementation within inpatient settings, and there remains an absence of data on attitudes towards HIIT from informal family carers of service users and healthcare professionals, who both have key roles to play in facilitating recovery outcomes in service users. This study sought to qualitatively investigate, in inpatients with SMI, carer and staff groups, perspectives on implementing HIIT interventions for patient groups in inpatient settings.MethodSeven focus groups and one individual interview were conducted. These included three focus groups held with inpatients with SMI (n = 12), two held with informal carers (n = 15), and two held with healthcare professionals working in inpatient settings (n = 11). An additional individual interview was conducted with one patient participant. The focus group schedule comprised open- ended questions designed to generate discussion and elicit opinions surrounding the introduction of HIIT on inpatient mental health wards. Data were subject to a thematic analysis.ResultTwo key themes emerged from the data, across all participants, that reflected the ‘Positivity’ in the application of HIIT interventions in psychiatric inpatient settings with beliefs that it would help patients feel more relaxed, build their fitness, and provide a break from the monotony of ward environment. Moreover, the short length of HIIT sessions was deemed appealing to mitigate against difficulties that many inpatients can experience with motivation, interest and attention, and was considered to be more appealing than more lengthy forms of exercise, which may require greater physical exertion. The second theme related to ‘Implementation concerns’, that reflected subthemes about i) low patient motivation, particularly with older participants, those administered many medications, and for those with less positive memories of exercise ii) patient safety, including concerns surrounding the intensity of HIIT and inclusion of patients with physical health comorbidities and iii) practical logistical factors, including having access to the right sports clothing and staff availability to supervise HIIT.ConclusionHIIT for inpatients with SMI was actively endorsed by patients, carers and healthcare professionals. Patient safety and baseline motivation levels, and practical service considerations were all noted as potential barriers to successful implementation and are worth considering in preparation for trialing a new intervention.

Toward More-Than-Human Understandings of Sport and the Environment: A New Materialist Analysis of Everyday Fitness Practices.

Sport and fitness have long been linked with healthy lifestyles, yet most sporting events and consumption practices are highly detrimental to the environment. While academics have examined the harmful effects of sporting mega-events and the production and consumption of sport equipment and clothing, there has been less engagement with the “mundane,” everyday activities of consuming, laundering, and recycling of fitness objects. In this paper, we explore the potential in feminist new materialisms for rethinking the complex relationships between sport, fitness, and the environment. In particular, we explain how our engagement with Karen Barad's theory of agential realism led us to rethink women's habitual fitness practices as connected to environmental degradation. Working with Barad's concept of entanglement, we came to notice new human-clothing-environment relationships, focusing on how athleisure clothing itself is an active, vital force that intra-acts with other non-human (and human) matter within the environment. Adopting a diffractive methodology that included reading interviews with women about their activewear practices, our own experiences, new materialist theory, and environmental literature through each other, we focus on two examples that emerged through this process: laundering and disposal practices. Through these examples, we demonstrate the ways in which new materialisms encouraged us to move toward non-anthropocentric understandings of the sport-environment relationship and toward new ethical practices in our everyday fitness lifestyles.

Tecnologia da malharia: processos e principais produtos

Atualmente, os usos e aplicações dos produtos têxteis compreendem os destinados ao uso doméstico (têxteis para decoração, móveis, etc.), passando pelo amplo campo dos vestuários, de um lado ligado aos grandes fenômenos social e cultural da moda, e, de outro, ao vestuário profissional ou esportivo, incluindo o especializado segmento dos tecidos técnicos, com sua grande influência nas inovações tecnológicas, com um crescimento exponencial em suas aplicações e em sua demanda tecnológica global. Dentro da atividade têxtil, o segmento de malharia é dos mais antigos, resgatando sua origem ao processo manual de tricotagem. A tecnologia de confecção de malhas está sempre evoluindo, e melhorias nos sistemas de software das máquinas e design gráfico proporcionam aos técnicos, designers e engenheiros mais opções para fazer tecidos técnicos. Por outro lado, as inovações tecnológicas nas máquinas de malharia estão aos poucos tornando a moda mais sustentável, através de novas formas de produção têxtil que sejam mais eficientes, evitando o desperdício de água, energia e matéria-prima além de eliminar a poluição.

Levels of physical activity and barriers to sport participation in young people with gender dysphoria.

To determine the levels of physical activity (PA) in young people with gender dysphoria (GD) and help identify factors which deter participation. Fifty-six young people who attended paediatric endocrinology because of GD, June to October 2019, and were on treatment with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue were approached to participate in a survey. A total of 55 young people (98%) responded to the survey. Thirty-eight (69%) participated in PA for >1h/week. Thirty-two (58%) reported high motivation level for exercise. Those had median age of 15.9 years (10.7, 18.7) at the time of survey, and 13.6 years (9.7, 17.6) at start of GnRH analogue compared to 16.7 years (13.9, 18.5) (p, 0.047) and 15.4 years (11.2, 18.0) (p, 0.009) of the 23 (42%) who reported low motivation. Forty-one (74.5%) reported barriers when accessing PA, such as not being as good as others (75%), revealing sports clothing (73%) and not satisfied with body image (47%). Those were older (16.4 years [10.9, 18.7] vs. 14.7 years [10.7, 18.4] [p, 0.011]) at the time of survey and at start of GnRH analogue (14.9 years [9.7, 18.0] vs. 12.5 years [10.6, 15.2] [p, 0.0001]) than those 14 (25.5%) who reported facing no barriers. Twelve (85.7%) of those reporting no barriers stated high motivation levels compared to 20 (48.8%) of those reporting barriers (p, 0.026). Strategies aimed at improving participation are twofold: first to improve motivation, especially in post-pubertal young people, and secondly to achieve societal change to help eliminate barriers.

THE RIGHT CRITERIA IN SELECTING THE SUPPLIER OF LOTTO FABRIC RAW MATERIAL IN CONVECTION INDUSTRY BY USING AHP AND TOPSIS METHODS

Family Sport Clothing convection is Mr. Raharjo’s family business in textile industry which produces training pants, made of lotto fabric. The company only has one criterion in supplier selection process, and in this convection is the cost. In this convection, problems that usually occur in selecting the supplier of raw materials are the production process is delayed since the raw materials are not enough; the quality of the raw materials does not meet the company standards; and supplier that does not deliver on time. This study was conducted with the aim of identifying the criteria used in selecting supplier and determining the ranking or the best supplier priority. The researcher implemented AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method by distributing questionnaires to the owners of convection, and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) by measuring the shortest distance between positive ideal solutions and the longest distance with negative ideal solutions. The criteria were adopted from previous researches, and processed by using Pareto diagrams. Based on the results of calculations using Pareto diagram, the criteria used in this study are quality, cost, service, delivery, feasibility, and capacity. Based on the results of calculation using AHP method, the order of the most prioritized criteria is: quality (0.37), cost (0.29), capacity (0.13), feasibility (0.12), delivery process, (0.07,) and service (0.03). In addition, the priority order of the suppliers based on TOPSIS is: Libeng Kiantana (0.45), Yudi Hartono (0.23), Abdul Ghofur (0.23), Panorama Shop (0.06) and Indigenous Face Shop (0.02).

A Review of Contemporary Techniques for Measuring Ergonomic Wear Comfort of Protective and Sport Clothing

Abstract Protective and sport clothing is governed by protection requirements, performance, and comfort of the user. The comfort and impact performance of protective and sport clothing are typically subjectively measured, and this is a multifactorial and dynamic process. The aim of this review paper is to review the contemporary methodologies and approaches for measuring ergonomic wear comfort, including objective and subjective techniques. Special emphasis is given to the discussion of different methods, such as objective techniques, subjective techniques, and a combination of techniques, as well as a new biomechanical approach called modeling of skin. Literature indicates that there are four main techniques to measure wear comfort: subjective evaluation, objective measurements, a combination of subjective and objective techniques, and computer modeling of human–textile interaction. In objective measurement methods, the repeatability of results is excellent, and quantified results are obtained, but in some cases, such quantified results are quite different from the real perception of human comfort. Studies indicate that subjective analysis of comfort is less reliable than objective analysis because human subjects vary among themselves. Therefore, it can be concluded that a combination of objective and subjective measuring techniques could be the valid approach to model the comfort of textile materials.

Perspectives on implementing HIIT interventions for service users in inpatient mental health settings: A qualitative study investigating patient, carer and staff attitudes

BackgroundHigh intensity interval training (HIIT) may have beneficial effects among people living with severe mental illness (SMI), however there remains an absence of information on attitudes of key stakeholders (e.g. family carers, healthcare professionals) towards offering HIIT interventions in psychiatric inpatient settings. This study sought to qualitatively investigate, in inpatients with SMI, carer and staff groups, perspectives on implementing HIIT interventions for patient groups in inpatient settings. MethodsSeven focus groups and one individual interview were conducted. These included three focus groups held with inpatients with SMI (n=13), two held with carers (n=15), and two held with healthcare professionals working in inpatient settings (n=11). An additional individual interview was conducted with one patient participant. ResultsTwo key themes emerged from the data, across all participants, that reflected the ‘Positivity’ in the application of HIIT interventions in psychiatric inpatient settings with beliefs that it would help patients feel more relaxed, build their fitness, and provide a break from the monotony of ward environments. The second theme related to ‘Implementation concerns’, that reflected subthemes about i) patient motivation, ii) patient safety and iii) practical logistical factors, including having access to the right sports clothing and staff availability. LimitationsInvestigations were limited to one mental health service provider and participants might already be those with an interest in exercise-based interventions. ConclusionsHIIT interventions for SMI inpatients were perceived positively by key stakeholders. However, individual and organisational barriers to successful implementation are identified and should be addressed in advance.