Sport Behavior Research Articles

Assessment of Students’ Sports Motivation and Sports Participation: Basis for Sports Education Program

This paper mainly uses the literature data method and questionnaire survey method to investigate the sports motivation and sports participation behavior of college sports club students, uses mathematical statistics to organize and analyze the data, and mainly uses SPSS software to analyze the data, ANOVA, T-test, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and other operations, the conclusions are:(1)there are differences in the sports motivation of students of different sex, different majors and different grades;(2) there are significant differences in the sports participation behavior of interviewed students of different sex and majors; there is no significant difference in the sports participation behavior of interviewed students of different grades.(3) there is a positive correlation between the sports motivation of students and their sports behavior.

Extent of Sports Behavior on the University Student Mental Health Status

University students endure rising mental strain as a result of increased expectations in today's fast-paced world. These difficulties are exacerbated by the expanding student population. Sports and exercise, which are an important part of campus life, have an important role in improving students' psychological well-being, reducing mental stress, and honing their mental resilience. Positive, suitable approaches can offer large therapeutic advantages, effectively addressing the ubiquitous threat of depression in the majority of children. This study underscores the substantial impact of a well-designed physical exercise system on alleviating mental health issues among university students. The primary objective is to analyze the correlation between mental health status and students' sports participation, gather authentic data, and propose targeted solutions. Based on questionnaire responses and a descriptive comparative correlational approach, the study reveals that exercise positively influences students' mental health, affecting them physically, socially, and physiologically, nurturing positive attitudes. This affirms the program's ability to meet students' evolving needs. While mental health issues among students are relatively rare, it is crucial to acknowledge that student needs evolve. Consequently, continuous monitoring and program adaptation are essential. Identifying and addressing existing issues within student groups is imperative, even in their early stages. This responsibility falls on both educators and the academic community, fostering a supportive mental health environment for students.

Highly Robust Conductive Organo-Hydrogels with Powerful Sensing Capabilities Under Large Mechanical Stress.

The low mechanical strength of conductive hydrogels (<1MPa) has been a significant hurdle in their practical application, as they are prone to fracturing under complex conditions, limiting their effectiveness. Here, this work fabricates a strong and tough conductive hierarchical poly(vinyl alcohol) (PEDOT:PSS/PVA) organo-hydrogel (PPS organo-hydrogel) via a facile combining strategy of self-assembly and stretch training. With PVA/PEDOT:PSS microlayers and aligned PVA/PEDOT:PSS nanofibers, PVA and PEDOT:PSS nanocrystalline domains, and semi-interpenetrating polymer networks, PPS organo-hydrogels display outstanding mechanical performances (strength: 54.8MPa, toughness: 153.97MJ m-3 ). Additionally, PPS organo-hydrogels also exhibit powerful sensing capabilities (gauge factor (GF): 983) due to the aligned hierarchical structures and organic liquid phase of DMSO. Notably, with the synergy of such mechanical and sensing properties, organo-hydrogels can even detect objects as light as 1 gram, despite bearing a tensile strength of ≈23MPa. By incorporating these materials into human-machine interfaces, such as controlling artificial arms for grabbing objects and monitoring sport behaviors in soccer training, this work has unlocked a new realm of possibilities for these high-performance hierarchical organo-hydrogels. This approach to designing hierarchical structures has the potential to lead to even more high-performance hydrogels in the future.

Recognizing sports activities from video frames using deformable convolution and adaptive multiscale features

Automated techniques for evaluating sports activities inside dynamic frames are highly dependent on advanced sports analysis by smart machines. The monitoring of individuals and the discerning of athletic pursuits has several potential applications. Monitoring individuals, detecting unusual behavior, identifying medical issues, and tracking patients within healthcare facilities are examples of these applications. An assessment of the feasibility of integrating smart real-time monitoring systems across a variety of athletic environments is provided in this study. Motion and activity detection for recording sporting events has advanced due to the need for a large amount of both real-time and offline data. Through the use of deformable learning approaches, we extend conventional deep learning models to accurately detect and analyze human behavior in sports. Due to its robustness, efficiency, and statistical analysis, the system is a highly suitable option for advanced sports recording detection frameworks. It is essential for sports identification and administration to have a comprehensive understanding of action recognition. An accurate classification of human activities and athletic events can be achieved through the use of a hybrid deep learning framework presented in this study. Using innovative methodologies, we conduct cutting-edge research on action recognition that prioritizes users’ preferences and needs. It is possible to reduce the error rate to less than 3% by using the recommended structure and the three datasets mentioned above. It is 97.84% accurate for UCF-Sport, 97.75% accurate for UCF50, and 98.91% accurate for YouTube. The recommended optimized networks have been tested extensively compared to other models for recognizing athletic actions.

“This Isn’t a Sports Story … This Is a Life Story”: Elite Athletes and Myths About Mental Illness in Sport

Athletes face unique mental health stressors, including internal/external pressure, time displacement, and physical injury. In addition, athletes who experience mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety reference the role of social factors—specifically stigma—as barriers to mental health. The present study draws on 37 testimonials from The Players’ Tribune in which athletes disclosed mental illness. A theoretical thematic analysis pinpointed themes within the testimonials of athletes who elucidated and refuted myths concerning mental health in sport. Through disclosure, the athletes challenged stigma by protesting myths that discourage help-seeking behavior in sport. The analysis identified six themes in the myths concerning (a) professional success, (b) strength, (c) identity, (d) the sports story treatment of mental health, (e) sport as escape, and (f) isolation. Implications are discussed in relation to changing social norms in sport.

Beyond the Screen: Do Esports Participants Really Have More Physical Health Problems?

This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the association between esports participation and physical health and examine the difference in physical health problems between esports participants and non-esports participants. A total of 1549 young adults participated in this investigation. A total of 633 participants were categorized as esports participants, and they were involved in six types of esports games: shooting games, multiplayer online battle arena games, strategy card games, sports games, real-time strategy games, and fighting games. An online survey was conducted to gather data on their demographic information, gaming behavior, traditional sports behavior, and physical health problems. The results demonstrated that esports players reported significantly higher participation in traditional sports compared to non-esports players. No significant differences were found in sleep duration or the selected physical health issues between the two groups. Overall, the findings suggest that esports participation was not associated with negative physical health in this sample of young adults. Furthermore, this study found that players who conscientiously took intermittent breaks and maintained a standardized sitting posture during gameplay had a lower likelihood of reporting neck and back pain. These findings have important implications for challenging conventional negative perceptions of esports and promoting a more objective understanding and appreciation of esports and the sustainable development of esports players. Future research is necessary to explore potential causal relationships between esports participation and health outcomes and to develop a healthier esports practice modality from a sports science perspective.

The Rating of Basketball Players' Competitive Performance Based on RBF-EVA Method

Basketball, as an offensive and defensive game centered around high altitude, has become an international mass competitive sport. Traditional methods cannot comprehensively evaluate the future potential of players, nor can they simply add up individual competitive abilities to judge the overall competitive performance of a team. To address these issues, this article proposes a video-based RBF neural network competitive scoring method, which analyzes players' past sports behavior, captures every subtle difference in their abilities, and achieves objective evaluation of players' competitive performance. Through comparative experiments, the accuracy of the test results is improved by about 5% compared to conventional RBF methods. This indicates that the improved RBF neural network designed in this article has significantly better prediction performance than traditional convolutional neural networks. This study provides a new method for evaluating the competitive performance of basketball players and has important guiding significance for basketball training and skill enhancement.

"I RUN CLEAN Project"-An Innovative and Self-Sustainable Approach to Develop Clean Sport Behaviours in Grassroots Athletes.

The phenomenon of doping is a public health issue that poses threats to sport and society. In recent decades, the emphasis on efforts to address the issue and reduce the incidence of doping by young people in sport has shifted from deterrence through testing and punishment to the promotion of clean sport behaviours through values-based education. The "I Run Clean project" sought to develop new and effective tools targeting grassroots athletes and those around them (coaches, medical support personnel, sport leaders, parents). These included sport-specific e-learning and in-person peer-to-peer workshops led by trained volunteer ambassadors. The aim of all "I Run Clean" measures is to go beyond the warnings and provision of factual information about early anti-doping campaigns to a more holistic educational approach that focuses participants on their personal and sport-related values in order to encourage good decision-making and resistance to doping-related behaviours. This study evaluates the efficacy of the peer-to-peer workshops and their impact on selected psycho-social variables. The collaboration of the volunteer ambassadors is shown to effectively transmit the desired reasoning, reduce doping risk factors and enhance protective factors.

Psychological characteristics of karate martial and pencak silat athletes special sport class viewed from gender

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine the Psychological Characteristics of Karate Martial and Pencak Silat Athletes Special Sport Class Viewed from Gender Materials and Methods. Sports psychology is the study of a person's behavior in sports and sports activities. One of the sports that requires knowledge of sports psychology in the coaching process is martial arts and karate. The type of research used in this research is quantitative research using surveys. This research is a study used to test hypotheses about the relationship between the psychological characteristics of pencak silat karate athletes and the Special Sports Class of pencak silat in Surakarta in terms of gender. The data analysis technique used Miles and Huberman analysis and independent sample test with the test flow used in this study using SPSS version 23. Results. The results of data analysis showed that the hypothesis testing of the psychological characteristics of male and female karate martial arts athletes, it is known that the t value is 0,509 with α 0,620 (p0,05). While the analysis of hypothesis testing on male and female pencak silat martial arts athletes obtained a t value with α 0,837 (p0,05). Conclusions. The analysis obtained p 0,05, then Ho is accepted. It can be concluded that at a significance level of 0,05 there is no significant difference between the psychological characteristics of male and female karate athletes in the Surakarta Special Sports Class (KKO) in terms of gender.

Building a prediction model of college students’ sports behavior based on machine learning method: combining the characteristics of sports learning interest and sports autonomy

College students’ sports behavior is affected by many factors, and sports learning interest and sports autonomy support are potential psychological characteristic factors, which have important influence value on college students’ sports behavior. Machine learning methods are widely used to construct prediction models and show high efficiency. In order to understand the impact of sports learning interest and sports autonomy support on college students’ sports behavior (physical exercise level), the research decided to use the relevant methods of machine learning to build a prediction model, so as to find the internal relationship between them. This paper summarizes the relevant factors that affect college students’ sports behavior (physical exercise level) from two aspects, namely, sports autonomy and sports learning interest, and surveys the demographic and sociological information of college students as a supplement. The research evaluates the level of the prediction model through the construction of the prediction model of the machine learning algorithm and the comparison method, so as to determine the optimal prediction model. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the logistic regression model is 0.7288, the recall rate is 0.7590, and F1 is 0.7397; The prediction accuracy of KNN model is 0.6895, the recall rate is 0.7596, and F1 is 0.7096; The prediction accuracy of naive Bayesian model is 0.7166, the recall rate is 0.6703, and F1 is 0.6864; the prediction accuracy of LDA model is 0.7263, the recall rate is 0.7290, and F1 is 0.7265; The prediction accuracy of the support vector machine model is 0.6563, the recall rate is 0.7700, and F1 is 0.6845; The prediction accuracy of GBDT model is 0.6953, the recall rate is 0.7039, and the F1 score is 0.6989; The prediction accuracy of the decision tree model is 0.6872, the recall rate is 0.6507, and F1 is 0.6672. The logistic regression model performs best in the combination of sports learning interest and motor autonomy support, due to the combination of its linear classification characteristics, better adaptability, high computational efficiency, and better adaptability to feature selection and outlier processing. The conclusion points out that the prediction level of logistic regression model is the highest when combining sports learning interest and sports autonomy support to predict college students’ sports behavior (sports exercise grade), which also provides an important reference for improving college students’ sports behavior (sports exercise grade).

Identifying profiles of parental (de)motivating behaviors in youth sports: A multi-informant approach

Identifying profiles of parental (de)motivating behaviors in youth sports: A multi-informant approach

O.4.5-6 Psychosocial approach of dysfunctional eating attitude and behaviors in endurance sport: comparison of competitive and practice periods

Abstract Purpose Most of the determinants of the dysfunctional eating attitude and behaviors (DEAB) mentioned so far have been reported in aesthetic sports or weight categories and may therefore not be representative of all endurance athletes. Moreover, to our knowledge, very few studies have focused on the evolutionary nature of these variables during a sports season. The objective of this research was to identify the triggers of the implementation of inappropriate behaviors for the health and performance of endurance athletes. Methods The sample consisted of 14 French female athletes aged 18 or over who practiced an endurance sport more than 12 hours a week for more than 5 years. All athletes were at the national or international level. For one year, participants answered online questionnaires through an Athlete Management System. They were followed daily on the sports period, weekly on self-regulation of eating attitude in sport, and self-perceptions and quarterly on psychosocial parameters related to DEAB. Results The ANOVA performed showed that anxiety levels were higher and resilience levels lower in athletes with DEAB compared to other athletes, and anxiety levels tended to increase during competitive periods only in athletes with DEAB. On the other hand, the level of resilience of athletes does not vary significantly depending on the period of competition or training. The analyses performed revealed also indicate dietary regulation behaviors and a higher level of internalization of slimming standards when athletes were in competition compared to training phases. Conclusions Although DEAB are an increasing concern in the sport context, the specificity of DEAB in athletes can represent a challenge for stakeholders. It seems necessary that stakeholders from all fields to have a precise knowledge of the personal characteristics related to sports practice that could favor the DEAB development, to be able to carry out an appropriate evaluation allowing subsequently to propose avenues of intervention adapted to the realities of them. Support/Funding Source This research project was supported by the French athletics federation and financially supported by “Sport pour elles, FDJ”.

Structural Relationship between Motivation, Adherence, Satisfaction and Loyalty of Adolescent Sports Behavior Participants in China

The main purpose of this study is to examine the structural relationship between motivation, adherence, satisfaction, and loyalty among participants in sports behavior among Chinese university students. The research method focuses on five universities in Hunan Province. This study collected 750 questionnaires. This study used SPSS 24 and AMOS software for analysis. The research results indicate that the motivation of sports behavior among college students has a significant positive impact on satisfaction, adherence, and loyalty. Adherence has a significant positive impact on satisfaction and loyalty. Satisfaction has a significant positive impact on loyalty. Finally, adherence and satisfaction can partially mediate the relationship between motivation and loyalty. This study verifies the structural relationship between motivation, adherence, satisfaction, and loyalty in sports behavior among Chinese university students. Motivation is the most important factor affecting participant loyalty, while adherence has the least impact on participant satisfaction and loyalty. Therefore, university sports management personnel should pay more attention to the enthusiasm of participants in order to attract more students to participate in sports activities and maintain their interests.

Narcissism and antisocial behaviour in sport: The moderating role of self-compassion

Narcissism, which features the chronic disposition to seek the opportunity to construct and maintain an inflated self, is a known risk for antisocial behaviour. However, knowledge of factors that mitigate the effects of narcissism on antisocial behaviour is lacking. In two studies we explored the hypothesis that self-compassion would protect against the link between narcissism and antisocial behaviour, such that narcissism would be less related to antisocial behaviour when self-compassion was high. Study 1 was a cross-sectional study with a sample of professional footballers (N = 208). Study 2 utilised a sample of competitive athletes from a variety of sports (N = 324) over an eight-month period. The data from both studies supported the hypothesis: Greater self-compassion was associated with a null (Study 1) or significantly attenuated (Study 2) relationship between narcissism and antisocial behaviour. We discuss the implications of the findings, including the benefits of incorporating self-compassion in sport settings.

Longitudinal influence of self-compassion and fears of compassion on prosocial and antisocial behaviour in sport: A conditional latent growth curve modelling analysis

ABSTRACT The impact of self-compassion on athlete wellbeing is well established. Much less researched is the impact of self-compassion, and its related fears (hereafter “fears of compassion”) on athletes’ prosocial and antisocial behaviours. Indeed, sporting contexts offer opportunities for athletes to demonstrate prosocial and antisocial behaviours towards teammates and competitors, and these behaviours could lead to various performance and wellbeing-related consequences. Given the well-documented benefits of a compassion, and the intention to investigate alternative antecedents or predictors of prosocial and antisocial behaviour in sport, we assessed the longitudinal influences of self-compassion and fears of compassion on athletes’ prosocial and antisocial behaviours. The study used a repeated measures design, where 324 athletes (174 male, 150 female) from 35 different sports (22 individual sports, 13 team sports) completed surveys at baseline and the 4th and 8th month. Conditional latent growth curve modelling revealed higher self-compassion and lower fears of receiving compassion from others at baseline were associated with greater prosocial behaviours, whilst higher fears of self-compassion were associated with higher antisocial behaviour, over eight months. Results also revealed a trend for antisocial behaviour to increase across the study period. Compassion-based interventions may be of value to athletes to improve prosocial behaviours in sport contexts.

Probability-based visual comfort assessment and optimization in national fitness halls under sports behavior uncertainty

Sports behavior uncertainty is a main cause of mismatch between simulated and actual visual comfort in sports spaces, which has not been properly addressed in existing studies. This study proposes a multi-phase and multi-objective optimization approach to improve visual comfort in national fitness halls by better considering sports behavior uncertainty. Specifically, a surrogate-based multi-objective optimization workflow is developed for fast optimization of visual comfort. Then, a probabilistic behavior model is created to predict player's occupancy probability in all possible view scenes during sports, and based on which the probabilistic visual comfort is introduced to assess player's realistic visual comfort taking account of the occupancy probability. The sport of tennis in a parametric national fitness hall is selected as the case study scenario. Results indicated that the proposed response surface model outperformed artificial neural network model in predicting visual comfort, while this approach saved 35.43% of total computational time versus the traditional simulation-based multi-objective optimization approach in this case study; 296 Pareto solutions out of 1758 design alternatives were quickly identified, among which the final optimum solution indicated an approximately 200% better visual comfort against the worst one; Sports behavior uncertainty was found to affect player's visual comfort assessment in tennis sports, presenting variances on different court locations under two court layouts. This study contributes new insights of probabilistic visual comfort assessment under sports scenarios and explores the potential of court location and layout arrangement for multi-purpose usage consideration in national fitness halls.

Study State Dynamics of Team Passing Networks in Soccer Games

ABSTRACT Complex networks have been widely used in studying collective behaviours in soccer sports, such as examining tactical strategies, recognizing team characteristics, and discovering topological determinants for high team performance. The passing network of a team evolves and displays different temporal patterns, that are strongly linked to team status, tactical strategies, attacking/defending transitions, etc. Nevertheless, existing research has not illuminated the state dynamics of team passing networks, whereas similar methods have been extensively used in examining the dynamical brain networks constructed from human brain neuroimage data. This study aims to investigate the state dynamics of team passing networks in soccer sports. The introduced method incorporates multiple techniques, including sliding time window, network modeling, graph distance measure, clustering, and cluster validation. The final match of the FIFA World Cup 2018 was taken as an example, and the state dynamics of teams Croatia and France were analyzed respectively. Additionally, the effects of the time windows and graph distance measures on the results were briefly discussed. This study presents a novel outlook on examining the dynamics of team passing networks, as it facilitates the recognition of important team states or state transitions in soccer and other team ball-passing sports for further analysis.

Sport club dropout under COVID-19 in the Netherlands: do characteristics of the neighbourhood matter?

Sport is considered important to mitigate social and health problems related to the COVID-19 pandemic and thus contributes to a resilient society. Because of poverty, caring responsibilities, social isolation and/or health issues, caused or reinforced by the COVID-19 pandemic, (too) high thresholds may be experienced lowering sports club participation. In this article, we study dropout from sports club membership among the Dutch population in COVID times and relate it to neighbourhood characteristics to determine whether inequality in sports behaviour is increasing or decreasing. Specifically, we analyse changes in the association to sport clubs by utilizing membership register data of the National Sport Federation in the Netherlands (NOC*NSF). This longitudinal information on 3.6 million club members in 2019 within Dutch sport federations was used to analyse developments at the individual level between 2019 (pre-COVID) and 2021. Based on register information on the area of residence of sporters, neighbourhood characteristics were added to these individual membership data. Our results display that the socioeconomic status of a member's neighbourhood and the sport infrastructure in this neighbourhood impacts the likelihood of dropping out of a sport club of both youths and adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dropout among members is lower in higher socioeconomic status neighbourhoods and in neighbourhoods with abundant sport facilities. Remarkably, the impact of these living environment features seems higher for youth than for adults. To conclude, our study enhances a further understanding of inequalities in sport club membership dropout during COVID-19. First, it may inform policy makers to intensify sport promotion policies and to especially support sport clubs in lower status neighbourhoods. Second, given the relatively high dropout rates during the COVID-19 pandemic particular attention for retention seems necessary.

Study on the Mechanism of Influencing Adolescents' Willingness to Participate in Ice Sports.

Ice sports are an effective means to promote the physical health of adolescents, and the willingness to participate in ice sports is the basis of adolescents' awareness of their participation in ice sports and an important prerequisite for their participation. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanisms influencing adolescents' willingness to participate in ice sports. Using the stimulus-organism-response theoretical framework, the motivation-opportunity-ability model, and the technology acceptance model, a theoretical model of the influencing mechanisms of adolescents' participation in ice sports was constructed. A total of 3419 secondary school students were surveyed, and the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling, the mechanisms influencing adolescents' willingness to participate in ice sports and the moderating role of perceived riskiness and perceived ease of use are proposed and tested. The study found that participation motivation, participation ability, perceived usefulness, and perceived risk all have significant effects on adolescents' willingness to participate in ice sports. The degree of influence in descending order is as follows: ability to participate, perceived usefulness, motivation to participate, and perceived risk. Perceived risk plays a mediating role in the process of motivation to participate and ability to participate influencing willingness to participate. Perceived ease of use plays a mediating role in the process of motivation to participate influencing perceived usefulness. This study provides a systematic understanding of the mechanisms that influence adolescents' willingness to participate in ice sports. The findings provide valuable insights into the subject of adolescents' ice sport participation and can inform the development of strategies to increase participation in these activities. Future research should deepen the investigation of the patterns of willingness to participate in ice sports behavior among adolescents, which is important for promoting the sustainable development of ice sports, improving the health of adolescents, and advancing the construction of a healthy China, a healthy world, and global health.

A-09 Youth Athlete Concussion-Related Anxiety Perceptions

Abstract Purpose To describe the prevalence of concussion-related anxiety in youth athletes, and determine what factors (e.g., sex, sport, concussion history, concussion education, parental concussion anxiety) were associated with greater anxiety. Methods Youth athletes participating in football, soccer, ice hockey, lacrosse (n=411; males=185, females=282; age=11.04±1.8 years) completed a cross-sectional survey. Participants completed demographic items and the Illness Perception Questionnaire, altered to be concussion-specific. We focused on the following four anxiety perception items scored on a Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree): “The thought of getting a concussion is upsetting to me.”, “I am afraid of getting a concussion.”, “The thought of me having a concussion makes me feel anxious.”, and “Concussions do not worry me [reverse].” The sum of items produced an overall anxiety composite score (20 possible points) with higher values indicating greater anxiety. Results Overall, 46.72% (n=192/411) of youth athletes were upset, 46.72% (n=196/411) afraid, or 29.0% (n=119/453) anxious at the thought of sustaining a concussion. Additionally, 49.9% (n=205/411) indicated concussions worry them. The sample mean anxiety perception composite score was 12.48±3.84. Participating in soccer (β: 1.49, 95% CI: 0.35, 2.62), being a girl (β: 1.40, 95% CI: 0.55, 2.26), and having a parent with higher concussion anxiety (β: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.82, 0.32) were associated with greater youth athlete concussion-related anxiety perceptions. Conclusions Concussion-related anxiety perceptions are fairly prevalent in youth athletes. More research is needed to determine how these beliefs may influence avoidance of risky sport behavior, intention to report a suspected concussion, and post-injury recovery outcomes.