Sports Training System Research Articles

Enhancing inertial sensor-based sports activity recognition through reduction of the signals and deep learning

The increasing demand for sport training and health monitoring aligns with contemporary lifestyle trends. Developing a system to support sport training and verify exercise correctness can significantly enhance the acquisition of detailed, subject-specific data. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of sport exercise recognition while minimizing the number of sensors required. The dataset includes 8,968 samples of exercises such as bar dips, squats, dips, lunges, pull-ups, sit-ups, and push-ups. Data were collected from 60 signals using mobile sensors positioned at the chest, right hand, and right foot of 21 subjects. The objective is to identify the most efficient method for recognizing these activities. Our methodology involved experiments with 21 participants in a custom-built setup and the application of deep learning techniques. Initially, a novel algorithm identified the optimal set of signals. We then tested two scenarios: training a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) on raw signals and on pre-processed signals to reduce noise. The findings indicate that the magnetic field (MF) signal is crucial for recognizing exercises in both filtered and unfiltered data sets. The CNN’s accuracy was 2–3% higher with unfiltered data and remained robust at 93.7% for training and 90.0% for testing, despite a reduction in model complexity. This method’s practical implications are significant, enhancing sports training systems by reducing the number of sensors needed, thereby improving user comfort. Additionally, it contributes valuable insights to the field of Human Activity Recognition.

Integration of innovations into the sports training system: analysis of Ukrainian experience and global trends

This article explores the integration of innovations into sports training systems with a focus on the Ukrainian context compared to global trends. The relevance of this research lies in the constant evolution of the sphere of improving sports performance, which demands a comprehensive study of how innovations are integrated into training methodologies. Through detailed examination, this study reveals diverse approaches applied both in Ukraine and worldwide, analyzing the effectiveness and consequences of such integration. The purpose of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the integration of innovations into the sports training system, considering both Ukrainian experience and global trends, identifying key trends and opportunities for improving athletes' performance and training process efficiency. The research results are substantial. Firstly, it highlights a diverse spectrum of innovations encompassing technological advancements, psychological techniques, and strategic methodologies in sports training. Secondly, it presents a comparative analysis of how these innovations are implemented in the Ukrainian sports training system and how they correspond to or differ from global practices. Such comparison provides valuable insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the Ukrainian approach, aiding a better understanding of areas needing improvement. Conclusions drawn from this research emphasize the key role of innovations in optimizing sports training regimes. Despite significant efforts by the Ukrainian system to integrate innovations, areas requiring improvement remain, especially concerning the adoption of technologies and interdisciplinary collaboration. The research also underscores the importance of adaptation to specific contexts, recognizing that the applicability of global trends may vary across different sports systems and infrastructures. The prospects for further research are extensive. Future studies could delve into a more detailed analysis of specific innovations and their impact on athletes' productivity and health.

ATICILIQDA PSİXOLOJİ ÇƏTİNLİKLƏRİN DƏF EDİLMƏSİNƏ DAİR

Overcoming Psychological Difficulties in Shooting Summary Improvement of the training system of athletes and sports training overcoming psychological difficulties in shooting from the point of view of theory and methodology research is important. In this regard, the shooting competition in the article psychological tensions arising during the period, objective and subjective difficulties that create them is interpreted. Because without feeling these difficulties, overcome them skillfully it is impossible to achieve high sports results without lifting. Submitted The article explains the details and conditions of overcoming psychological difficulties in shooting sports and all these have been brought to the fore and involved in theoretical analysis. Key words: mental state, heightened arousal, shooter, training

Application of gaming robot based on gait recognition algorithm in sports training and assistance system

At present, game sports robots have become a new type of sports assistance technology, which can achieve more natural and smooth motion trajectory analysis under continuous training, and provide a gamified user experience for sports training. This article analyzes the application of game motion robots based on gait recognition algorithms in sports training and motion assistance systems, which can more accurately obtain information data of the athlete during the movement process and has good results in preventing sports injuries. We combine gait recognition algorithms with video feature aggregation to integrate high-level and low-level network features, achieving effective extraction of multi-level image features. Finally, complete action recognition, review, and analysis. Through experimental comparison, it can be seen that the feature aggregation modules designed in this article at different levels are very effective, and combined with gait recognition algorithms, they can effectively improve the accuracy of motion recognition and have excellent robustness. The motion assistance system designed in this article can automatically determine the movements during exercise, allowing athletes to self-evaluate their movements and correct incorrect movements without the need for professional guidance, achieving healthy and effective exercise results.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF OPTIMIZATION OF THE TRAINING PROCESS AND STRATEGIES FOR TRAINING STUDENT-ATHLETES OF HIGH QUALIFICATION IN TEAM SPORTS

The article discloses the main theoretical and methodological foundations of optimization of the training process and strategies for training student-athletes of high qualification in team sports. Team sports are particularly popular in Olympic and professional sports. The modern system of sports training is characterized by progressive principles, a wide range of interdependent tasks, scientifically based selection of means and methods, promising long-term planning, high organization of control, provision of hygienic conditions, etc. The purpose is to substantiate and experimentally test the theoretical and methodological foundations of optimizing the training process and the strategy of training student-athletes of high qualification in team sports on the basis of theoretical and practical analysis of the problem under study; to develop the content of the training process of student-athletes of high qualification in team sports. To achieve the goals, the following methods are used: verbal, visual and practical. These methods are most often used to optimize the training process and training strategy for highly qualified student-athletes in team sports. Also, we describe the methods of optimizing the training process and strategies for training student-athletes of high qualification in team sports, which are divided into general pedagogical, specific, additional methods that are specially developed for the needs of sports practice and optimization of the training process. The content of the training process of student-athletes of high qualification in game sports has been developed, which allows purposeful planning and adjustment of tactics and strategy of training student-athletes in team sports on an objective basis, can be used in higher educational institutions that train student-athletes, and can also be concluded in textbooks and methodological recommendations.

Quality Evaluation of College Students' Sports Work Based on Intellectual or Intuitive Fuzzy Information in Language

Numerous factors influence college students' athletic behaviour and psychological qualities such as sports learning interest, autonomy support in sports play important roles in forming their participation in sports activities. The study used acceptable research methodologies to analyse effect of sports learning interest, autonomy support in sports on college students' sports behaviour, specifically their physical activity levels. In this research work, Quality Evaluation of College Students' Sports Work Based on Intellectual or Intuitive Fuzzy Information in Language (QECSSW-IGNN-QCTO) is proposed. The input data are collected from College student data from Sichuan University. Then, the input data are pre-processed using Adaptive-Noise Augmented Kalman Filter (ANAKF) for finding missing data and cleaning the duplicate data. Then the pre-processed data are given to Iso-Geometric Neural Network (IGNN) for evaluating the quality of college students sports work (sports exercise grade). In general, IGNN doesn’t express some adoption of optimization approaches for determining optimal parameters to evaluating the quality of college students’ sports work. Hence QCTO is proposed to optimize IGNN classifier which precisely evaluates the quality of college student’s sports work. The proposed QECSSW-IGNN-QCTO method is implemented in Python, and it assessed with several performance metrics like, Accuracy, Cross validation scores, Recall, F1 score, and ROC. The results show QECSSW-IGNN-QCTO attains 23.4%, 28.3%, and 22.6% higher Accuracy, 25.9%, 17.6%, and 29.4% lower Cross validation scores, 24.6%, 27.5%, and 18.7% higher Recall are analysed with existing methods such as, prediction method of college students’ sports behaviour depend on machine learning method (PMC-SSB-MLM), Designing and implementing an innovative sports training system for college students' mental health education (DII-STSC-SMHE), The effect of sports science students' online learning attitudes on their readiness to learn online in emerging coronavirus pandemic (ESS-SOLA-ECP) methods respectively.

Comparative analysis of indicators of physical fitness of freestyle wrestlers at the stage of initial training

The sufficient level of general physical fitness of freestyle wrestlers allows them to form the foundation of versatile and proportional development of the physiological systems and organs of children and adolescents. To properly build the educational and training process, it is necessary to regularly and timely control and analyze the general physical, special physical, and psychophysiological fitness of wrestlers. This requires improving the system of sports training in freestyle wrestling through scientific substantiation of more effective methods of improving the athlete's preparedness. Solving this problem is possible only after enriching existing and developing new training programs for wrestlers. The research and practical experience of leading specialists is aimed at modernizing and improving the training process of highly qualified athletes, while the problem of improving the physical and special training of athletes at the initial stages remains relevant today and requires in-depth study.
 The purpose of the study was to determine the indicators of general physical fitness of young wrestlers at the stage of initial training during training according to the generally accepted program and when the coach involves additional functional sets of exercises.
 The research was conducted among children 8-10 years old engaged in freestyle wrestling in groups of primary training: the I-group of children trained according to a standard generally accepted training program, the II-group athletes trained according to the coach’s author’s methodology, which included additional performance of functional sets of exercises for improvement of both general and special physical training using a large number of exercises, games and game tasks of varying coordination complexity.
 In the work, a comparative analysis of the indicators of physical fitness of young wrestlers of both groups of initial training, obtained as a result of control standards, was carried out. The nature of positive changes in these indicators during control tests among wrestlers of the II group was determined. According to the results of the experiment, it can be stated that the training effect should be aimed at improving all components of physical and technical training.

Спортивна підготовка юних спортсменів з настільного тенісу в Україні, Канаді та Польщі

Relevance of the research topic: Sports training is one of the components of success in achieving high results in table tennis. Analyzing the experience of advanced countries of the world is always a good practice to identify positive aspects and introduce them into the Ukrainian system of sports training of young table tennis players. The need to find new approaches that would contribute to the qualitative renewal of means and methods of improving sportsmanship in table tennis strengthens the relevance and timeliness of the research in this field. Purpose and methods of the study: The purpose of the study was to reveal the step-by-step sports training in table tennis in the countries of the world (in particular, Canada and Poland) and in Ukraine. To achieve the goal, a complex of general scientific research methods was used: the observation method to carry out a versatile characterization of a wide range of issues; the method of critical analysis for the study of various sources of information; analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization. Results of the work and key conclusions: During the study, it was concluded that in Ukraine the process of teaching children to play table tennis begins at school age, on the other hand, in Canada and other countries that use models of Long Term Athlete Development, familiarization, encouragement and the first basic training takes place at preschool age multi-sport skills. In Poland, phasing is similar to Ukraine, and it is assumed that at this stage of learning table tennis, children should develop an interest in table tennis, and the coach’s task is to develop internal motivation and training discipline. Taking into account the results of the comparison and analysis, it is proposed to review the process of teaching table tennis in Ukraine and add a starting stage, which will involve teaching basic motor skills and be carried out in preschool educational institutions in the form of a game in a safe, stimulating and fun environment. In the future, this will facilitate the selection to the initial groups for teaching table tennis and will form the sports interest of children in this sport.

Sports game teaching and high precision sports training system based on virtual reality technology

Sports can combine virtual reality technology with high-precision training to enhance the training effectiveness of users. In view of the current problems of insufficient physical quality and lack of exercise motivation faced by college students, this paper aims to explore a new type of college sports game teaching model through the integration of virtual reality technology. This is to improve students 'physical exercise efficiency and subjective initiative. This study constructed an experiential sports game model by applying posture recognition technology and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The research indicated that the error accuracy with residual structure added will quickly decrease. When calculating the error, the overall error decreased by 6 mm. The proposed method can accurately distinguish human behavior in motion and trajectories in the motion area. The motion capture accuracy was high, and the deformation amount met the teaching needs of higher education institutions for sports game teaching. The contribution of this study is the significant improvement in the accuracy of motion capture, resulting in a total error reduction to 6 mm. This improvement ensured that the model can accurately distinguish between motion behavior and trajectory. The cumulative variance explanation rate of the scale reached 712.407 %, which was far more than that of the traditional model, and fully covered and explained the questionnaire information. Through the comparative test with four knowledge tracking models, the effectiveness and superiority of the sports game teaching mode integrated with virtual reality technology were verified.

Отношение тренеров по скалолазанию к планированию и контролю спортивной подготовки

Currently, there is a lack of scientific and methodological substantiation of the educational and training process in rock climbing. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the use by climbing coaches of methods for recording and monitoring the results of sports training, as well as planning types of training in the sports training system, depending on work experience and education. A questionnaire was used, which included questions on the topic of planning and monitoring results in rock climbing. The questionnaire was filled in electronically, on the Internet using the Google Forms service, and 63 trainers of sports organizations involved in training climbers were interviewed. It has been established that coaches with a sports education more often use planning of the training process, procedures for monitoring and recording results, and note the achievement of a state of sports form for competitions among students. Work experience and experience in sport climbing are not significant.

An Exploration on the Evolution and Future of Practical Shooting Teaching in IPSC

Beginning in the year 2000 and drawing a large audience of shooting fans, IPSC (International Practical Shooting Confederation) practical shooting has emerged as a new event in competitive sports. The researchers discovered that social setting and popularity had a significant influence on how practical shooting in IPSC developed. Despite the fact that the number of people participating in IPSC practical shooting is growing every year, little study has been done on the formation process and training program. Consequently, the aim of this study was to gather comprehensive data on IPSC practical shooting in order to gain a deeper understanding of the development and training process of the sport. In order to achieve this goal, this study will use a variety of research methods, including questionnaires, field observations, and in-depth interviews. Through these methods, the study will collect a large amount of data, including participants' age, gender, training time, training frequency, competition results, etc. This data will provide comprehensive information on IPSC practical shooting training and competitions, leading to a better understanding of the sport's training system and formation mechanisms.

Research on Artificial Intelligence Assisted Decision Making System in Higher Level Sports Training

Abstract From the perspective of process monitoring of sports training, this paper discusses the basic framework and decision-making function system composition for establishing a decision-making system for higher vocational sports training. Integrate students’ sports data to design a real-time monitoring program for sports training intensity, which forms the mapping relationship between physical fitness and exercise intensity. Utilize and improve the Apriori algorithm to create an association rule mining model for the physical fitness of higher vocational students. Propose using the Multi-Agent model to optimize the data information management of the decision-making system and combine it with the RBF neural network algorithm for sports training performance prediction. To analyze the impact of the sports training decision-making system, application examples are introduced. Examine how association rules are implemented in the decision-making system of higher vocational sports training. When the number of frames is 300, the error correction accuracy before and after the improvement of the Apriori algorithm is 79.14% and 94.23%, respectively. The feedback rate of students’ performance information is maintained at about 0.85 with the assistance of the sports training decision-making system improved by the algorithm. The improved sports training decision-making system is more practical.

Research on real-time data analysis system of sports training based on reconfigurable data mining technology

Abstract This paper utilizes smart wearable devices to quickly capture, record, and store performance information (calorie consumption assessment, pedometer, and heart rate monitoring), location information, and biochemical data of sports training populations through the sensory layer. Based on the reconfigurable data mining-related technology, combined with the data and test scores of the sports training population, data mining analysis is carried out to form valuable physiological, physical, and other characteristic information, which provides a scientific and referable strategy for sports training, thus also achieving the purpose of improving the training effect of athletes. The results show that, from the visualization and analysis results of the decision tree model for boys and girls, the girls’ long-distance running event (800 m) and boys’ pull-ups are located in the root node of the decision tree, which has the most significant effect on the performance level. Consequently, sports training programs were created that were more logically based on the distinction between male and female students. In individual exercise energy expenditure, by 420s, the limiting energy expenditure rate of 5.6 kcal/30s exceeded that of the athletes. Moreover, with time, energy expenditure continues to decline. The accuracy of this test can be 90%.

EDUCAÇÃO DE SAÚDE DOS ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS BASEADO EM APRENDIZADO PROFUNDO

Introduction: Students’ ability to recognize mental illness as well as their ability to combat it by dealing with psychological difficulties can be improved with a global understanding of mental health. Lectures and paper flyers have proved to be ineffective for this learning, giving rise to the need to improve the means of health education as this education combined with mental health services can improve students’ quality of life, family happiness and general society. Objective: This study aimed to examine the physical mental health of university athletes, with data processing in an intelligent sports training system based on deep learning. Methods: Student data were collected and divided into two categories. The research group received deep learning, while the control group participated in traditional athletic training. The Clustered Genetic Deep Neural Network for sports training (CG-DNN) was used. ANOVA and Student’s t-tests were applied to assess the students’ mental health. Results: The proposed physical activity can reduce stress, regulate mood, promote mental health, prevent and treat mental illness. Conclusion: Physical exercise developed with deep learning technology is indicated to improve the physical health and regulate the mental health of university students. Level of Evidence II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating Treatment Outcomes.

MODERN THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS
 PHYSICAL AND TECHNICAL PREPARATION OF SWIMMERS
 AT THE STAGE OF ADVANCED SPECIALIZATION

The article deals with modern theoretical and methodological aspects of the physical and technical training
 of swimmers at the stage of in-depth specialization. The theoretical and methodological approach to the development of
 the physical and technical potential of young swimmers by means of a conjugated orientation is considered as a promising
 direction in the system of sports training in terms of increasing their efficiency and success in competitive activities. This
 approach is based on a complex impact, a differentiated approach, consistency, conjugation of training effects, which
 have a positive effect on the sensory, cognitive and motor components of the competitive potential of young swimmers.
 The presented author's technique creates a physical and technical basis for providing not only the external form
 of a motor action, but also for the internal structure of movements. Sufficiently high degree of potential mobilization of
 young swimmers is designed to ensure the efficiency and reliability of high-precision coordinated motor act fulfillment
 in competitive activity.

Correction of the training of athletes in ukrainian national martial arts

The article addresses the issue of optimizing the training process in Ukrainian national sports based on the application of feedback from athletes, taking into account the general focus of sports training and patterns of acquisition, preservation and temporary loss of sports uniforms. It is shown that in modern conditions of rapid growth of physical and psycho-emotional stress during training and competitive activities, feedback between the coach and the athlete becomes an important factor in the effectiveness of the sports training system. In order to achieve high and stable sports results, it is necessary to train athletes to effectively adjust their psychological state. It is shown that athletes who are engaged in Ukrainian national sports martial arts, according to certain criteria, are divided by the variability of interests in individual components of the training process. Hortingist students prefer the following types of sports training: psychological training (41%), technical and tactical arsenal and physical qualities, they seek to improve, respectively, in training work in pairs (34%) and on a punching bag (35%). Hand punches are considered by sportsmen to be the most effective attacking actions for achieving a sports victory (44%). The growth of popularity of traditional Ukrainian martial culture among pupils and student youth and the desire to choose Ukrainian national martial arts for sports improvement are shown.

Development of an intelligent controller for sports training system based on FPGA

Abstract Training, sports equipment, and facilities are the main aspects of sports advancement. Countries are investing heavily in the training of athletes, especially in table tennis. Athletes require basic equipment for exercises, but most athletes cannot afford the high cost; hence, the necessity for developing a low-cost automated system has increased. To enhance the quality of the athletes’ training, the proposed research focuses on using the enormous developments in artificial intelligence by developing an automated training system that can maintain the training duration and intensity whenever necessary. In this research, an intelligent controller has been designed to simulate training patterns of table tennis. The intelligent controller will control the system that sends the table tennis balls’ intensity, speed, and duration. The system will detect the hand sign that has been previously assigned to different speeds using an image detection method and will work accordingly by accelerating the speed using pulse width modulation techniques. Simply showing the athletes’ hand sign to the system will trigger the artificial intelligent camera to identify it, sending the tennis ball at the assigned speed. The artificial intelligence of the proposed device showed promising results in detecting hand signs with minimum errors in training sessions and intensity. The image detection accuracy collected from the intelligent controller during training was 90.05%. Furthermore, the proposed system has a minimal material cost and can be easily installed and used.

Retracted: Intelligent Sports Training System Based on Artificial Intelligence and Big Data

Retracted: Intelligent Sports Training System Based on Artificial Intelligence and Big Data

Physical training of a boxer and its importance for successful performance in competitive activities

The article analyzes the scientific and methodological literature on the physical training of qualified boxers and its importance in successful performances at boxer competitions. The goal is to analyze the content of boxers' physical training as one of the criteria for success in boxers' competitive activities.
 The results. The main characteristics of the training process of boxers are considered, some of which have a certain contradiction in some aspects of the athletes' physical training. It was determined that physical training is one of the most important aspects of the training process of boxers at the stage of specialized basic training, which affects the performance of boxers in competitive activities. The main aspects in the training process of boxers, which are aimed at physical and technical work, are indicated: the means and methods of physical training must be adequate for the modes of muscle work in competitive exercise and for the coordination of the movement structure; purposefully focus attention on the primary development of muscle groups, body parts that ensure the performance of basic technical actions; it is necessary to timely eliminate individual deficiencies in the level of development of physical qualities that interfere with the formation of the correct technique of movements. According to the results of the researchers, physical abilities are described in the following sequence according to the degree of their importance for boxers: speed and strength qualities; fastness; agility; endurance; power; flexibility. Accordingly, the special physical training of boxers should be aimed at the development of special speed-strength, speed and strength work.
 Conclusion. Physical training is one of the most important aspects of training boxers, which has a great influence on their achievement of optimal training in the system of sports training. Also, experts do not have a unanimous opinion regarding the degree of significance of individual physical qualities and abilities in boxing. Nevertheless, there is a sufficient amount of scientific and methodical literature devoted to the study of the improvement of individual physical abilities of boxers.

E-Board Sports Management Information System with SMS Support: Usability, Maintainability, Accuracy

The current stage of development of the student sports movement is characterized by the emergence of new tasks of physical education in universities. In the conditions of professionalization of sports and commercialization, universities that provide an opportunity to receive higher professional education are the guarantors not only of securing highly qualified athletes in the region but also of maintaining the system of sports training. The researchers created an E-Board Sports Management Information System with SMS Support: Usability, Maintainability, Accuracy to manage the sports that the school offers. Researchers use Rapid Application Development Model (RAD) in the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Both developmental and descriptive research approaches were employed in this study. This system is intended to assess the system's usability in terms of understandability and operability. Determine the level of maintainability in terms of analyzability and testability. Finally, assess the developed system's accuracy. The finding implied was very good in terms of usability, maintainability, and accuracy.