Level Of Sports Participation Research Articles

A study on the impact of sports participation support on the level of sports participation of urban junior high school girls in China

BackgroundSocial support has been identified as a key factor influencing adolescents’ engagement in physical activities. However, the relationship between middle school girls’ physical activity levels and the actual social support they receive remains unclear.AimThis study aims to explore the support mechanisms that promote increased physical activity participation among middle school girls.MethodsA survey was conducted with 1,371 middle school girls from 16 regions and cities in China. The questionnaire included the Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ), the Social Support and Exercise Survey, the Physical Activity Rank Scale, and the Family Affluence Scale (FAS). Linear regression was used to examine the relationships among family support, out-of-school exercise behavior, in-school exercise behavior, and the physical activity levels of middle school girls.ResultsIn-school physical activity participation (6.6%) was higher than out-of-school participation (5.5%) among urban middle school girls. Physical activity levels were significantly positively correlated with social support from family, peers, and teachers (p < 0.01). Linear regression and descriptive statistics consistently showed that family support was the highest (3.50 ± 1.06), followed by teacher support (3.17 ± 0.96) and peer support (2.88 ± 0.96). Emotional support was notably higher, while instrumental support was relatively low. The physical activity levels of urban middle school girls were associated with the age and grade of the individual, the economic conditions of the family, and the highest level of education of the parents.ConclusionFamily support significantly enhances urban middle school girls’ participation in physical activities. Higher parental education levels may reduce girls’ activity participation, while improved family economic conditions may decrease emotional support but increase informational support. The support of friends and teachers will make up for the decrease in family support. A school-based social support network is essential to address disparities in activity support and implement health intervention programs for middle school girls.

Return to Sport After Distal Biceps Tendon Repair: A Systematic Review.

Ruptures of the distal biceps tendon (DBT) can affect the range of motion and strength of the elbow, raising concerns for patients seeking to restore normal function and engage in their regular activities, particularly returning to previous levels of sport participation. To characterize and assess the rate and timing of return to sport (RTS) after DBT repair. Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar (pages 1-20) were searched from database inception to December 6, 2023 for clinical studies reporting RTS outcomes after DBT repair. The extracted data consisted of patient characteristics; information on the incision approach, fixation method, and rehabilitation protocol; and outcome data including RTS rates, patient-reported outcome measure scores, and complications. A total of 42 studies, including 1093 patients (1100 elbows), met the inclusion criteria. The mean age of patients was 44.9 years, and 99.2% of patients were male. The mean follow-up time was 31.5 months. Ruptures were acute in 87.6% of cases, the dominant arm was injured in 64.9%, and the cause of the injury was sport related in 43.5%. The overall RTS rate was 91.5%, with 85.2% of patients returning to preinjury levels or higher, at a mean time of 6.3 months. Patients had excellent functional outcomes, irrespective of the incision approach or fixation method, although trends associated with a higher RTS rate were observed with bone tunnel fixation, ≤2 weeks of postoperative immobilization, early initiation of active range of motion postoperatively, and initiation of strengthening at ≤10 weeks. Single-incision repair had higher rates of nerve-related complications and reruptures compared with double-incision repair, and cortical button fixation had a higher rate of nerve-related complications among the fixation methods. There was a high rate of RTS after DBT repair at 6 months postoperatively. A positive trend for RTS was observed with respect to rehabilitation protocols favoring earlier active mobility.

THE EDUCATIONAL ROLE OF SCHOOL IN SPORT DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTH PROMOTION IN SUBURBAN AREAS - CASE STUDY

This study investigates the sports preferences and participation levels among young residents of Soroksár, a district on the outskirts of Budapest, Hungary. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, data was collected through a questionnaire survey conducted in autumn 2023. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the significance of factors influencing sports participation. The results indicate that local infrastructure and accessibility significantly impact sports engagement among youth, with preferences leaning towards sports readily available in the community. Notably, early initiation of sports participation positively correlated with academic achievement, emphasizing the importance of holistic development through sports. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive infrastructural development to support mass sports participation and promote healthy lifestyles. Local policymakers are urged to prioritize investments in sports facilities and opportunities, recognizing the multifaceted benefits of sustained sports engagement beyond elite-level support. This study provides insights into sports participation in Soroksár and calls for further research to inform evidence-based interventions promoting physical activity and intellectual development among youth.

Modeling Health and Economic Outcomes of Eliminating Sex Disparities in Youth Physical Activity

Sex disparities in physical activity (PA) and sports participation among US children and adolescents have been persistent. Quantifying the impact of reducing or eliminating these disparities may help determine how much to prioritize this problem and invest in interventions and policies to reduce them. To quantify what might happen if existing PA and sports participation disparities were reduced or eliminated between male and female children and adolescents. This simulation study used an agent-based model representing all children (aged 6 to 17 years) in the US, their PA and sports participation levels, and relevant physical and physiologic characteristics (eg, body mass index) as of 2023. Experiments conducted from April 5, 2024, to September 10, 2024, simulated what would happen during the lifetime of each cohort member if PA and sports participation levels for female participants were increased (to varying degrees) to match male participants in the same age group. Health outcomes, such as body mass index, incidence of weight-related conditions (eg, stroke, coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer), and economic outcomes (eg, direct medical costs and productivity losses). This simulation study modeled 8 299 353 US children and adolescents (4 240 119 [51.1%] male and 4 059 234 [48.9%] female) aged 6 to 17 years. Eliminating PA sex disparities averted 28 061 (95% CI, 25 358-30 763) overweight and obesity cases per cohort by age 18 years, which in turn averted 4869 (95% CI, 4007-5732) weight-related disease cases during their lifetimes and resulted in recurring savings of $333.45 million (95% CI, $290.22 million to $376.68 million) in direct medical costs and $446.42 million (95% CI, $327.39 million to $565.44 million) in productivity losses (in 2024 US dollars) for every new cohort of 6- to 17-year-olds. Reducing PA disparities by 50% averted 9027 (95% CI, 6942-11 112) overweight and obesity cases. Eliminating sex disparities in sports participation averted 41 499 (95% CI, 37 874-45 125) cases of overweight and obesity and 8939 (95% CI, 8088-9790) weight-related disease cases during their lifetimes, generating recurring savings of $713.48 million (95% CI, $668.80 million to $758.16 million) in direct medical costs and $839.68 million (95% CI, $721.18 million to $958.18 million) in productivity losses. In this simulation study of youth PA and sports participation, eliminating sex disparities could save millions of dollars for each new cohort of 6- to 17-year-olds, which could exceed the cost of programs and investments that could enable greater equity.

Wear and use of prostheses in sport by adolescents with upper limb absence: A preliminary mixed-methods study

Background: There is minimal research on sports participation in adolescents with upper limb absence (ULA) and specifically on the impact of prosthesis provision. Objectives: This study explored using activity monitoring sensors and interviews to gain insight into levels of sport participation and associated prosthesis use in active adolescents with ULA. Study design: A mixed methods study using a convergent parallel design. Methods: Semi-structured interviews and activity diaries were used to investigate sports and related activities undertaken during a 2-week period. Prosthesis wear/use were determined via accelerometers worn on the anatomical and prosthetic wrists throughout; interview data added context. For comparison, accelerometer data and activity diaries were captured from similar aged anatomically intact (AI) participants. Results: Three adolescents with unilateral transradial ULA and 4 AI adolescents were recruited. Two ULA participants wore prostheses during sport (16.2% and 56.5% of the time). The third rarely wore their prosthesis. The ability to participate in sport has a powerful influence on participants' lives, and prostheses were used when participants felt they offered specific benefits. In contrast to AI participants, who showed similar reliance on each of their arms throughout, when wearing a prosthesis, users were heavily reliant on the anatomical arm, including during periods playing sports. Conclusions: Prosthesis use facilitated access to some sports, although they were only used by 2 out of 3 participants for short periods. The methods were acceptable to adolescent individuals with ULA.

Sport participation levels among New York City’s kids remain low months after the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in decreased sports participation due to social distancing policies and strict return-to-play protocols. This effect has been felt profoundly in New York City, one of the earliest COVID-19 hotspots, even as restrictions have eased. This study aimed to describe sport participation rates in New York City before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a cross-sectional, online retrospective survey, this study assessed sports participation among children aged 6–17 with musculoskeletal complaints. The survey included parents and guardians of 242 children (123 males, 119 females) who had an average age of 12.5 years. Statistical analyses were performed using McNemar’s test to assess changes in sports participation. The results revealed significant decreases in participation in gym class, pick-up games, basketball, and soccer after the pandemic. Notably, female adolescents were more affected, particularly in gym class. This study underscores a substantial decline in specific sports participation among New York City’s kids post-pandemic. The findings highlight the need for targeted public health strategies to encourage physical activity.

Temporal Trends in Single- and Multiple-Sports Team Participation Among Adolescents in the United States: Analysis Using the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 1999-2019.

It is unclear how levels of sport participation have changed among adolescents in the United States (US) in recent years, particularly considering evidence of increasing sport professionalization and attrition. To evaluate the differences and trends in single- and multiple-team sport participation among US high school students between 1999 and 2019. Descriptive epidemiology study. Using the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a biannual representative survey of US high school students, data on self-reported sport participation (no participation, single team, multiple teams) within the previous year were evaluated. Differences in sport participation prevalence between 1999 and 2019 were assessed in sex strata by grade, race/ethnicity, and US region. Weighted trends using the National Center for Health Statistics Guidelines for Analysis of Trends and logistic regression models were employed for analyses. The study sample over the 20-year period (N = 149,404) was 49.8% female; the majority were in ninth grade (27.7% female, 28.7% male), were non-Hispanic White (56.1% female, 56.8% male), and resided in the Southern US (57.6% female, 57.4% male). Among girls, 27.2% (95% CI, 25.8-28.6) reported multiple sports team participation in 1999, while 21.3% (95% CI, 20.1-22.6) reported the same in 2019. Among boys, 39.5% (95% CI, 38.4-40.7) reported multiple sports team participation in 1999 versus 29.1% (95% CI, 27.7-30.6) in 2019. Analyses of trends indicated that girls experienced increasing trends in single-sport team participation (β = 0.04, SE = 0.01, P < .001). Among boys, there were increasing trends in no sport participation (β = 0.06, SE = 0.01, P < .001), while multiple-sport team participation decreased over the 20-year period (β = -0.10, SE = 0.01, P < .001). Disparities in trends were observed among female and male groups by race/ethnicity, grade, and region. Sport participation over a 20-year period in the US decreased significantly for boys and increased for single-sports teams among girls. Sport specialization may be contributing some of the observed trends, though limitations in the data require additional research to confirm these hypotheses. Tailored efforts to increase sport participation among both sexes is needed.

AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SPORTS ENGAGEMENT AMONG GEN Z PARTICIPANTS IN MODUL NUSANTARA INBOUND RELATED TO PSYCHOSOCIAL DIMENSIONS: A FOLLOW-UP REVIEW

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the active personality habits of student exchange in the Modul Nusantara movement toward their level of participation in sports and the risk of psychological impacts during the inbound activity. This study did not include a review of the Modul Nusantara activity process and lectures based on scientific areas. Methods: This study utilises a quantitative descriptive research design, combining two methods: survey and bibliometric analysis. The primary goal is to identify barriers in engaging in sports among specific students who participate in the Modul Nusantara activity. The participants were selected from a list of 99 student populations. These students were accepted by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta to participate in student exchanges under the MBKM program, which is facilitated by the PMM scheme administered by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology. Participants were selected using a population of 85 individuals, including 37 males and 48 females, who voluntarily participated part in generating the information. The study used questionnaires to assess motives engaging sports activity through exercise barrier questionnaires, as well as bibliometric measurements using digital learning media to verify the effects of obstacle activities on stress, depression, and anxiety levels. Data measurement analysis is conducted using descriptive statistical tests and calculation formulas that are based on the measurement category approach of each instrument, with a particular focus on the psychosocial element. Additional investigation into the association between variables related to barriers to physical activity, in connection to mental factors, including sub-indicators such as depression, anxiety, and stress. Results: Distinct findings from the distribution of perception to the exercise motive questionnaire revealed that most participants expressed disagreement with the statements in the instrument. However, the second highest response, particularly among inbound students, demonstrated agreement with the 12 indicators of challenge motivations in exercise. Psychosocial aspect data revealed a leftward trend in the distribution of responses. Each question item reflects the individual's condition, with answers indicating experiences at a certain level or throughout a certain period of time, some time, or experiences that do not apply to the subject at all. A thorough investigation of each item related to the correlation between barrier to exercise and psychosocial aspects revealed that variables such as lack of a preferred exercise location in close location, unfamiliarity with the nearest exercise facility, living at a considerable distance from colleagues, a far-off exercise location, preference for activities besides exercise, laziness, lack of motivation to exercise, and insufficient time or minimal time allocation for exercise exhibit a strong correlation (r0.05; p: 0.05) and a very powerful correlation (r0.05; p: 0.01) with dimensions of depression, anxiety, and stress. At the same time, weather conditions are strongly correlated with depression and stress. Additional variables, plenty of college assignments (r: 0.298 0.05; p: 0.006 0.05) and insufficient time for physical exercise (r: 0.355 0.05; p: 0.000 0.01) are strongly and significantly associated only with anxiety. In contrast to other variables, lack of exercise among friends and family members proved to be rather unsatisfactory in terms of depression, anxiety, and stress. In conclusion, Objectives xdriving physical activity and exercise among students participating in the Modul Nusantara strongly associated with the likelihood of developing depression, anxiety, and stress. This, in turn, can lead to a decrease in the willingness to engage in physical activity, therefore reducing the chance of impaired immunity associated with mental illnesses. More extensive study will be expected to explore in greater depth about the ratio of lectures load during inbound in each inbound students, possibilities for physical activity and recreation, and more thorough psychological factors.

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Primary School Students in Split, Croatia

The rising prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents is a global public health concern, significantly contributing to noncommunicable chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer. In Croatia, obesity rates are alarmingly high, affecting both children and adults. Data from the Institute of the Public Health of Split-Dalmatian County were analyzed to identify trends in body mass index (BMI) among primary school students in Split, Croatia and possible connection with sports participation and parental education levels. A longitudinal analysis of students was conducted across three medical examinations during primary school education. The findings showed an increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity from 23.4% in the first to 30.2% in the fifth grade, returning back to 23.4% in the eighth grade. Significant differences among students were associated with parental education level. Boys who participated in sports demonstrated a higher BMI in the first grade but there was no difference in BMI in later grades. Sports participation had no significant impact on the BMI of girls. The study underscores the critical role of parental education in influencing children’s weight status and highlights the necessity of tailored public health interventions to address these trends from an early age. The implementation of comprehensive strategies, including educational programs and policy measures as part of the national health policy, is the only way to combat childhood obesity and promote long-term health benefits.

Adoption of Appropriate Agricultural Model for Food Security in Guiping Town, Renshou County, China

This study explores the problems and strategies in modern physical education around the issue of improving students' sports participation. By analyzing factors such as outdated teaching methods, single curriculum design, imperfect evaluation mechanism, insufficient school sports culture atmosphere, and lack of social and family support, the reasons for the low level of students' sports participation are deeply analyzed. The study emphasizes that physical education is not only a means to improve physical fitness, but also an important way to promote students' mental health and cultivate social interaction skills. On this basis, the study proposes specific strategies such as improving teaching methods, optimizing curriculum design, strengthening school sports culture construction, providing diversified sports projects, and family and social support. Through multi-dimensional methods such as gamification teaching, stratified teaching, ability grouping, interest-driven, interdisciplinary integration, and family and community resource sharing, students' participation in sports activities can be effectively improved, thereby improving the effectiveness of physical education. The study pointed out that the purpose of physical education is to help students develop comprehensively in terms of physical fitness, psychological and social abilities through scientific teaching and management, and promote the improvement of their comprehensive quality.

Comparison of Modified Latarjet Procedure With Bone Graft Versus Standard Latarjet Procedure: Evaluating Outcomes and Stability.

The Latarjet procedure is a well-established technique for managing repeated anterior shoulder dislocation accompanied by massive glenoid bone loss. Aim of this article was to assess outcomes amongmodified Latarjet procedure using allograft from Iliac bone and a standard Latarjet procedure using the coracoid process. Six patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability and significant glenoid bone loss were retrospectively analyzed. Three patients underwent the modified Latarjet procedure with iliac crest bone graft (Group A), and three underwent the standard Latarjet procedure (Group B). Outcomes were assessed at the 12-month follow-up, including shoulder stability, functional scores (Constant, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI)), range of motion, complications, and return to sports. Both groups showed improvements in stability and functional scores, with no recurrent instability reported. Group A demonstrated slightly higher functional scores and range of motion. One patient in Group A experienced donor site pain, while one patient in Group B showed significant graft resorption. Graft union was achieved in all patients. Two-thirds of patients in each group returned to their pre-injury level of sports participation. Both techniques provided good clinical outcomes for anterior shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss. The modified Latarjet with iliac crest graft may offer slight advantages in functional outcomes and graft preservation but is associated with potential donor site morbidity. Larger, prospective studies are needed to definitively compare these techniques.

Transcultural adaptation and validation of the 4-Domain Sports PROM into Italian

ObjectivesThis work aims to evaluate and validate the process of cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the 4-Domain Sports PROM (4-DSP) into Italian, assessing its understandability and reproducibility in all questionnaire domains for Italian-speaking patients. MethodsCross-sectional study, level of evidence II. The questionnaire was self-administered by 100 patients (80 males and 20 females) who had undergone anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and had a one-year minimum follow-up. The mean age and standard deviation (SD) was 31.20 ​± ​12.65 years. According to their level of sports participation, 51% were recreational, 31% were regional, 12% were national, and 6% were international athletes. All patients filled in the 4-DSP questionnaire without direct supervision of their trainer/coach or researcher. All data were collected and processed anonymously. The translation and cultural adaptation of the 4-DSP involved six phases: (1) translation, (2) synthesis, (3) back-translation, (4) pre-test, (5) expert committee review and (6) final version approval by the author of the original version for publication. ResultsThe cross-cultural validation of the questionnaire 4-DSP into Italian presented a global Cronbach's alpha of 0.65, Conceptual equivalence to translation and relevance were 99.09% and 99.81%, respectively, and the percentage of agreement was 99.09%. ConclusionThe cross-culturally validated version of the 4-DSP into Italian proved to be adequately understandable and reproducible in all questionnaire domains and can be safely and reliably used in Italian-speaking patients. Level of evidenceStudy level II.

Anatomical medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction improves sport participation and activity levels in adolescents with recurrent patellar dislocation.

This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of an anatomical medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction and the effects of concomitant patellofemoral joint injuries and radiological findings on outcomes in adolescents with recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD). Between January 2011 and January 2020, a total of 34 patients (19 males, 15 females; median age: 15.6 years; range, 13 to 17 years) with RPD who underwent anatomic MPFL reconstruction were retrospectively analyzed. Lateral release was performed as indicated. Clinical outcomes were evaluated preoperatively and at the final follow-up using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Lysholm, Kujala, and Tegner activity rating scales. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to detect concomitant injuries such as bone, cartilage, and soft tissue injuries. The mean follow-up was 5±2 years. All postoperative knee functions and activity levels were statistically significantly improved without re-dislocation (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant relationship between the presence and location of cartilage lesions and clinical outcomes (p>0.05). Patients with cartilage lesions had a significantly higher CatonDeschamps index and a higher incidence of bone edema in both the patella and femur than patients without. Anatomic MPFL reconstruction with meticulous physical therapy has successful clinical outcomes, prevents re-dislocation, and increases participation in sports and activity levels in adolescent patients with RPD. Although cartilage injuries are common after RPD, it has no adverse effect on clinical outcomes in the mid-term.

Shyness, Sport Engagement, and Internalizing Problems in Chinese Children: The Moderating Role of Class Sport Participation in a Multi-Level Model.

The relations between shyness and internalizing problems have been mainly explored at the individual level, with little known about its dynamics at the group level. This study aims to examine the mediating effect of individual-level sport engagement and the moderating effect of class-level sport participation in the relations between shyness and internalizing problems. The participants were 951 children attending primary and middle school from grade 3 to grade 7 (Mage = 11 years, 509 boys) in urban areas of China. Cross-sectional data were collected using self-report assessments. Multi-level analysis indicated that (1) shyness was positively associated with internalizing problems; (2) sport engagement partially mediated the relations between shyness and internalizing problems; and (3) class sport participation was a cross-level moderator in the mediating relations between shyness, sport engagement, and internalizing problems. Shy children in classes with a higher level of sport participation tend to have less sport engagement and more internalizing problems than those in classes with a lower level of sport participation. These findings illuminate implications from a multi-level perspective for shy children's adjustment in a Chinese context. The well-being of shy children could be improved by intervening in sport activity, addressing both individual engagement and group dynamics, such as class participation.

Reliability of lower limb strength assessment in female team sport athletes

BackgroundLower limb injury rates have increased dramatically in line with increased female sport participation levels. Muscle strength is a modifiable lower limb injury risk factor, guiding performance monitoring and rehabilitation. ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the test-retest reliability of isokinetic and isometric lower limb peak torque to body mass of muscles acting on the hip, knee, and ankle in female team sport athletes. It was hypothesised the test-retest reliability would be good (intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) ≥ 0.75). MethodsThirty-eight female athletes (Australian Rules Football = 18, netball = 12, soccer = 8) aged 16–35 years participated in this study. Participants performed isokinetic (60°/s and 120°/s) and isometric testing on a Biodex Isokinetic Dynamometer on three separate days. ResultsPoor to good reliability was demonstrated for all joint movements (ICC = 0.38–0.88) with small to moderate effect sizes (0.00–0.43) and typical errors (5.65–24.49). ConclusionDifferences in peak torque to body mass were observed between sessions one and two and/or one and three, demonstrating a learning effect. Therefore, three testing sessions, and/or the inclusion of a familiarisation session, is recommended for future assessments in populations unfamiliar with dynamometry.

Analisis Pembangunan Olahraga Kecamatan Bojonegoro Kabupaten Bojonegoro Ditinjau Dari Sport Development Index

The impact of the pandemic has changed the daily lives of the people of Bojonegoro District, especially sports activities, which have become completely paralyzed, so that sports facilities and infrastructure are not utilized properly. This research aims to determine the availability of open sports space, the level of community participation in sports, and the level of community physical fitness after the COVID-19 pandemic through analysis of the Sport Development Index (SDI). The research method used is quantitative descriptive with Stratified Random Sampling and Cluster Sampling sampling techniques. The sample consisted of 30 people representing three age groups: 10-19 years, 20-44 years, and 45-60 years. The results of the research show that the level of open sports space is in the middle category, with the Bojonegoro sub-district open space index being 0.54, while the level of community participation and physical fitness is in the low category according to SDI with the Bojonegoro sub-district sports participation index being 0.333 and the physical fitness index value Bojonegoro sub-district is 0.1837. The researcher's suggestion is that the Bojonegoro Youth and Sports Department (Dinpora) pay more attention to sports development in Bojonegoro District to increase the level of participation and physical fitness of the community after the pandemic.

U.S. youth sports participation: analyzing the implications of generation, gender, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and family and community sport cultures

ABSTRACT Using data from the National Sports and Society Survey (N = 3,993), this study described and analyzed U.S. adults’ reports of their youth sports experiences. We considered patterns in ever having played a sport regularly while growing up, ever having played an organized sport, and then relative likelihoods of having never played an organized sport, played and dropped out of organized sports, or played an organized sport continually while growing up. We used binary and multinomial logistic regressions to assess the relevance of generational, gender, racial/ethnic, socioeconomic status, and family and community sport culture contexts for youth sports participation experiences. Overall, the findings highlight general increases in ever playing organized sports and ever playing organized sports and dropping out across generations. Increasing levels of female sports participation, emerging disparities by socioeconomic statuses, and the continual salience of family and community cultures of sport for participation are also striking.

Injury and illness surveillance monitoring in team sports: a framework for all

BackgroundSport-related injuries and illnesses can negatively impact athlete welfare at all standards of participation in team sports. Injury and illness surveillance (IIS), and the development of monitoring systems, initiates the sequence of injury and illness prevention. Operational IIS monitoring systems help to appraise epidemiological estimates of injury and illness incidence and burden in various athlete populations. However, the methodological underpinnings of various monitoring systems are not harmonized or widely documented, with the presence of efficient and successful programmes rarely showcased at non-elite levels. The aim is to provide a framework that guides the development of IIS, which will enhance overall surveillance, to indirectly inform injury prevention strategies.MethodsThe process involved all members of the research group initially discussing the research gaps, scope of the project, and the aims of the article. Unique experiences were shared, and specific and global challenges and barriers to IIS at all standards of team sport participation were identified. A tiered system of data collection with corresponding content were produced, with experiences and guidance provided throughout the article.ResultsThe literature has been reviewed and using first-hand experience in conducting IIS programmes in complex and diverse sport settings, the authors have identified key enablers and barriers for best practise as time, technological and human resources, reporter/practitioner training, and medical expertise. Areas of greatest importance regarding the conducting of IIS have been outlined, providing guidance and recommendations across all levels of team sport participation. These areas include definitions, data context, collection procedures, handling, security, ethics, storage, dissemination, quality, compliance, and analysis. Given the barriers to IIS, 3-tiered levels of data collection and content have been proposed. The levels indicate data collection variables, with a focus on sufficiency and achievability, aiming to support the successful conducting of IIS in team sports across all standards of participation. Future opportunities in IIS have been discussed, with several predictive measures and analytical techniques expanded upon.ConclusionsThe framework provides universal guidance for implementing IIS monitoring systems, facilitating athletes, coaches, parents/guardians, governing bodies and practitioners to implement IIS processes, identify challenges, complete analysis, and interpret outcomes at all standards of participation.

Loneliness and regular sports participation among people of Turkish and Moroccan origin and native Dutch people in the Netherlands. A longitudinal study

ObjectiveSports participation is lower in people of Turkish and Moroccan origin in the Netherlands than in native Dutch people. Addressing this inequality calls for better insights into antecedents of sports participation in different ethnic groups. Theorists suggested that loneliness may hamper sports participation, and levels of loneliness are high among people of Turkish and Moroccan origin. This study assessed the longitudinal association between loneliness and regular sports participation among Turkish origin, Moroccan origin and native Dutch people. MethodsData are from Turkish origin (n = 394), Moroccan origin (n = 387) and native Dutch (n = 1663) people who participated in Wave 1 (2008–2010) and Wave 2 (2013) of the Netherlands Longitudinal Lifecourse Study. Regular sports participation at follow-up was regressed on loneliness at baseline in logistic regression models adjusted for baseline sports participation and a range of confounders. Models were stratified by ethnic group. ResultsTurkish and Moroccan origin people had lower rates of regular sports participation and higher levels of loneliness than native Dutch people. Loneliness at baseline was negatively associated with sports participation at follow-up for people of Turkish and Moroccan origin. No evidence of a longitudinal association between loneliness and sports participation among native Dutch people was found. ConclusionsThe demonstrated positive longitudinal association between loneliness and regular sports participation in people of Turkish and Moroccan origin potentially opens new ways to encourage physical activity in these groups. An integrated approach to addressing loneliness and physical inactivity among people with a non-western migration background may benefit the realization of both goals.

Double-Leg and Single-Leg Jump Test Reference Values for Athletes With and Without Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Who Play Popular Pivoting Sports, Including Soccer and Basketball: A Scoping Review.

OBJECTIVE: To synthesize and present reference values for double-leg and single-leg jump tests in healthy athletes who play pivoting sports, and athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) who play pivoting sports. DESIGN: Scoping review. LITERATURE SEARCH: We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science until April 7, 2023. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: We included reference values in 2 different categories: (1) double-leg and/or single-leg jump test outcomes in pivoting-sport athletes with ACLR at a specific time point during rehabilitation, and (2) double-leg and/or single-leg jump test outcomes in healthy pivoting-sport athletes. DATA SYNTHESIS: We performed data synthesis for reference values from double-leg jump tests (squat jump and countermovement jump) and single-leg jump tests (vertical hop, single hop for distance, triple hop for distance, crossover hop for distance, medial triple hop for distance, lateral triple hop for distance, 6-m timed hop, side hop, drop jump, and 10-second repeated hop) that were performed according to a standardized test description. We summarized the data for type of sport, sex, sport participation level, and age group. RESULTS: Of the 27 included studies, nine reported reference values from healthy soccer players, six from healthy basketball players, and eleven from other healthy pivoting-sport athletes. LSI dominant/nondominant (LSI-D/ND) ranged between 97% and 106% for healthy soccer players, and between 99% and 120% for healthy basketball players. Four studies reported reference values from pivoting-sport athletes with ACLR from 7 to 10 months postsurgery. CONCLUSION: This scoping review summarizes double-leg and single-leg jump test reference values for athletes who play common pivoting sports, including soccer and basketball. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(6):1-14. Epub 20 March 2024. doi:10.2519/jospt.2024.12374.