Spontaneous Evolution Research Articles

Demographic, clinical and microbiological characteristics of the first 30 human monkeypox confirmed cases attended in a tertiary hospital in Madrid (Spain), during the May-June 2022 international outbreak.

The present outbreak of Human Monkeypox (HMPX) that has begun in May 2022 and has spread across all continents in less than two months has qualitative and quantitative characteristics that make it different from the pattern of human disease previously caused by this virus. It has spread with enormous ease, affects almost exclusively adults, behaves as a sexually transmitted disease and focuses on very specific groups and transmission conditions. The high incidence in the city of Madrid in males that have sex with males (MSM) has allowed us to observe and report the experience with the first 30 cases diagnosed in our institution. Patients presented with febrile symptoms, genital and paragenital skin lesions reminiscent of smallpox, but less extensive and severe. The disease may also cause proctitis, pharyngitis and perioral lesions. The PCR test for diagnostic confirmation has been shown to be very sensitive and effective, not only in skin lesions but also in blood and other fluids such as pharyngeal, rectal exudates and blood. A very high proportion of patients with HMPX also have other sexually transmitted diseases that must be actively detected in this context. The spontaneous evolution of our patients has been good and hospitalization has been practically unnecessary. Transmission to non-sexual cohabitants and health personnel has been nonexistent and the lesions have disappeared in less than 30 days without leaving sequelae and no need for specific antiviral treatment.

Semiconducting and electrochemical properties of the spinel FeCo2O4 synthetized by co-precipitation. Application to H2 production under visible light

FeCo2O4 elaborated by co-precipitation was characterized photo-electrochemically for the first time in order to assess its performance for the hydrogen production. The X-ray diffraction revealed a single phase crystallizing in the spinel structure with a lattice constant of 8.1075 Å and a crystallite size of 35 nm. The UV–Visible diffuse reflectance of the black product exhibits an absorption above 650 nm and a direct optical transition at 1.53 eV was determined, assigned to the crystal field splitting of Co3+: 3d orbital hexa-coordinated. The transport properties indicated semi-conducting properties of FeCo2O4, the positive thermo-power (S300k = 666 μV K−1) demonstrated that holes are majority charge carriers. The Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) realized in Na2SO4 (0.1 M) electrolyte showed two semicircles at high and intermediate frequencies, characteristic of the charge transfer and grain boundaries respectively. The first diameter (1249 Ω cm2) decreases under visible light down to 742 Ω cm2, thus supporting the semiconducting behavior and no inhibiting effect is observed due to the appearance of the photo-effect. The inverse of the square of the capacitance as a function of the potential (C−2 – E) exhibits a line, negatively slopped, characteristic of p-type behavior with a hole concentration of 21.9 × 1020 cm−3. The conduction band (−0.76 VSCE), made up of Co3+: 3d orbital is more cathodic than the H2-level leading to a spontaneous H2 evolution under visible irradiation (29 mW cm−2) with a liberation rate of 0.58 μmol H2/h−1/g. FeCo2O4 an showed excellent chemical stability after its reuse for the H2 production, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction.

Spontaneous evolution of the quality of life of patients treated for breast cancer within three years after the end of treatments

ObjectiveThis article gives a description of the spontaneous evolution of organic parameters, quality of life and return to work of young patients treated for a breast cancer requiring an adjuvant chemotherapy. Material and methodsA prospective study of post-breast cancer rehabilitation for a working population of patients was organized in a single town in France. The inclusion criteria allowed to recruit patients immediately after their diagnosis up to three years after the end of their chemotherapy. VO2max, pain level, sleep quality, WHO performance status, abdominal obesity, level of physical activity, fatigability score, quality of life and metabolic parameters where registered at study entrance as base line data. ResultsThese data described the state of this population at variable temporal distance from the treatment within three years’ post-breast cancer before any rehabilitation action, thus describing the spontaneous evolution of this population. There has been an overall progressive improvement in the quality of life along with the spontaneous return to working activities. However, the physical status shows a lasting alteration, even after two years after treatment. ConclusionThis rather lasting disability justify an offer of rehabilitation cares immediately after the exit of initial treatment phase but also during the years following this exit.

Frequency-dependent stimulated and post-stimulated voltage control of magnetism in transition metal nitrides: towards brain-inspired magneto-ionics.

Magneto-ionics, which deals with the change of magnetic properties through voltage-driven ion migration, is expected to be one of the emerging technologies to develop energy-efficient spintronics. While a precise modulation of magnetism is achieved when voltage is applied, much more uncontrolled is the spontaneous evolution of magneto-ionic systems upon removing the electric stimuli (i.e., post-stimulated behavior). Here, we demonstrate a voltage-controllable N ion accumulation effect at the outer surface of CoN films adjacent to a liquid electrolyte, which allows for the control of magneto-ionic properties both during and after voltage pulse actuation (i.e., stimulated and post-stimulated behavior, respectively). This effect, which takes place when the CoN film thickness is below 50 nm and the voltage pulse frequency is at least 100 Hz, is based on the trade-off between generation (voltage ON) and partial depletion (voltage OFF) of ferromagnetism in CoN by magneto-ionics. This novel effect may open opportunities for new neuromorphic computing functions, such as post-stimulated neural learning under deep sleep.

Selective Focal Laser Therapy as the Primary Treatment for Exudative Perifoveal Vascular Anomalous Complex (ePVAC): Case Series and Literature Review

Perifoveal anomalous exudative vascular complex (PEVAC) was first described in 2011. Since then, individual clinical cases and a couple of case series have been published, and their characteristics have been studied in multi-modal images. To date, there is no consensus on its treatment. Initially, it was thought that PEVACs could be left to spontaneous evolution because they presented a slow progression. But it has been shown that the growth of the lesion covers a spectrum from non-exudative lesions to PEVAC with vision impairment over time. We present an updated bibliographic review of this pathology. We explain the changes in the diagnostic criteria that have been undergone. And we focus the discussion on selective treatment with focal laser, which has shown an excellent anatomical response and visual improvement or stabilization in the cases described and in our series of three patients systematically treated with focal laser. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2023;54:43-49.].

Indirect Comparison of Lenadogene Nolparvovec Gene Therapy Versus Natural History in Patients with Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Carrying the m.11778G>A MT-ND4 Mutation.

Lenadogene nolparvovec is a promising novel gene therapy for patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) carrying the m.11778G>A ND4 mutation (MT-ND4). A previous pooled analysis of phase3 studies showed an improvement in visual acuity of patients injected with lenadogene nolparvovec compared to natural history. Here, we report updated results by incorporating data from the latest phase3 trial REFLECT in the pool, increasing the number of treated patients from 76 to 174. The visual acuity of 174 MT-ND4-carrying patients with LHON injected in one or both eyes with lenadogene nolparvovec from four pooled phase3 studies (REVERSE, RESCUE and their long-term extension trial RESTORE; and REFLECT trial) was compared to the spontaneous evolution of an external control group of 208 matched patients from 11 natural history studies. Treated patients showed a clinically relevant and sustained improvement in their visual acuity when compared to natural history. Mean improvement versus natural history was - 0.30 logMAR (+ 15 ETDRS letters equivalent) at last observation (P < 0.01) with a maximal follow-up of 3.9years after injection. Most treated eyes were on-chart as compared to less than half of natural history eyes at 48months after vision loss (89.6% versus 48.1%; P < 0.01) and at last observation (76.1% versus 44.4%; P < 0.01). When we adjusted for covariates of interest (gender, age of onset, ethnicity, and duration of follow-up), the estimated mean gain was -0.43 logMAR (+ 21.5 ETDRS letters equivalent) versus natural history at last observation (P < 0.0001). Treatment effect was consistent across all phase3 clinical trials. Analyses from REFLECT suggest a larger treatment effect in patients receiving bilateral injection compared to unilateral injection. The efficacy of lenadogene nolparvovec in improving visual acuity in MT-ND4 LHON was confirmed in a large cohort of patients, compared to the spontaneous natural history decline. Bilateral injection of gene therapy may offer added benefits over unilateral injection. NCT02652780 (REVERSE); NCT02652767 (RESCUE); NCT03406104 (RESTORE); NCT03293524 (REFLECT); NCT03295071 (REALITY).

Electrical two-qubit gates within a pair of clock-qubit magnetic molecules

Enhanced coherence in HoW10 molecular spin qubits has been demonstrated by use of clock-transitions (CTs). More recently it was shown that, while operating at the CTs, it was possible to use an electrical field to selectively address HoW10 molecules pointing in a given direction, within a crystal that contains two kinds of identical but inversion-related molecules. Herein we theoretically explore the possibility of employing the electric field to effect entangling two-qubit quantum gates within a 2-qubit Hilbert space resulting from dipolar coupling of two CT-protected HoW10 molecules in a diluted crystal. We estimate the thermal evolution of T1, T2, find that CTs are also optimal operating points from the point of view of phonons, and lay out how to combine a sequence of microwave and electric field pulses to achieve coherent control within a switchable two-qubit operating space between symmetric and asymmetric qubit states that are protected both from spin-bath and from phonon-bath decoherence. This two-qubit gate approach presents an elegant correspondence between physical stimuli and logical operations, meanwhile avoiding any spontaneous unitary evolution of the qubit states. Finally, we found a highly protected 1-qubit subspace resulting from the interaction between two clock molecules.

Multifunctional Filter Membranes Based on Self-Assembled Core-Shell Biodegradable Nanofibers for Persistent Electrostatic Filtration through the Triboelectric Effect.

The massive production of polymer-based respiratory masks during the COVID-19 pandemic has rekindled the issue of environmental pollution from nonrecyclable plastic waste. To mitigate this problem, conventional filters should be redesigned with improved filtration performance over the entire operational life while also being naturally degradable at the end. Herein, we developed a functional and biodegradable polymeric filter membrane consisting of a polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) matrix blended with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and montmorillonite (MMT) clay, whose surface properties have been modified through cation exchange reactions for good miscibility with PBAT in an organic solvent. Particularly, the spontaneous evolution of a partial core-shell structure (i.e., PBAT core encased by CTAB-MMT shell) during the electrospinning process amplified the triboelectric effect as well as the antibacterial/antiviral activity that was not observed in naive PBAT. Unlike the conventional face mask filter that relies on the electrostatic adsorption mechanism, which deteriorates over time and/or due to external environmental factors, the PBAT@CTAB-MMT nanofiber membrane (NFM)-based filter continuously retains electrostatic charges on the surface due to the triboelectric effect of CTAB-MMT. As a result, the PBAT@CTAB-MMT NFM-based filter showed high filtration efficiencies (98.3%, PM0.3) even at a low differential pressure of 40 Pa or less over its lifetime. Altogether, we not only propose an effective and practical solution to improve the performance of filter membranes while minimizing their environmental footprint but also provide valuable insight into the synergetic functionalities of organic-inorganic hybrid materials for applications beyond filter membranes.

Analysis of the Coal Spontaneous Combustion Risk Space Evolution in the Goaf Under Ventilation and Extraction Coupling

ABSTRACT The risk of coal spontaneous combustion in goaf is one of the disasters in coal mining, ventilation and extraction often aggravate air leakage from the goaf. Due to the unclear rule of expansion law and air leakage, the risk space for coal spontaneous combustion continues to occur. To investigate the influence of ventilation and extraction on the evolution of the risk space of coal spontaneous combustion (CSC) in goaf, further reveal the characteristics of air leakage and extraction in goaf and obtain the expansion law of CSC risk space. A three-dimensional model of goaf under surface drilling and gas extraction was developed. Using FLUENT numerical simulation software, taking a coal mine in Anhui Province, this study analyzes the influence factors, evolution law, and influence characteristics of CSC through field observations and numerical simulation. The research indicates that ventilation keeps the risk space of CSC expanding. The extraction of single drilling showed a local space expansion, while the extraction of double drilling shows the overall space expansion of the goaf. The air leakage flow path in goaf, air flow velocity vector in working face, gas concentration loss, and gas extraction characteristic parameters are determined. The loss of air leakage along the working surface meets four-stage: “strong in – flow - mixed flow – steady inflow – sudden outflow.” It can be determined that the extraction intensity of single drilling should be greater than 34.8 m3/min, and the double drilling should be greater than 18.7 m3/min. The relationship between the coupling influence of ventilation and extraction and the expansion law of CSC risk space is determined, and the maximum risk space width of CSC can be predicted. The research results are of guiding significance for CSC prevention and gas efficient extraction.

MXene‐Based Quantum Dots Optimize Hydrogen Production via Spontaneous Evolution of Cl‐ to O‐Terminated Surface Groups

MXene quantum dots (MQDs) offer wide applications owing to the abundant surface chemistry, tunable energy‐level structure, and unique properties. However, the application of MQDs in electrochemical energy conversion, including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), remains to be realized, as it remains a challenge to precisely control the types of surface groups and tune the structure of energy levels in MQDs, owing to the high surface energy–induced strong agglomeration in post‐processing. Consequently, the determination of the exact catalytically active sites and processes involved in such an electrocatalysis is challenging because of the complexity of the synthetic process and reaction conditions. Herein, we demonstrated the spontaneous evolution of the surface groups of the Ti2CTx MQDs (x: the content of O atom), i.e., replacement of the ‐Cl functional groups by O‐terminated ones during the cathode reaction. This process resulted in a low Gibbs free energy (0.26 eV) in HER. Our steady Ti2COx/Cu2O/Cu foam systems exhibited a low overpotential of 175 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in 1 M aq. KOH, and excellent operational stability over 165 h at a constant current density of −10 mA cm−2.

Trends in energy policy coordination research on supporting low-carbon energy development

The transition of the world's energy system to a low-carbon system is instrumental in achieving global carbon neutrality. This transition of the energy system requires coordination and cooperation among different energy-focused agents as well as integrated development between the agents and the system. However, the low-carbon transition of the overall system cannot be achieved by the spontaneous evolution of the system itself, but requires policy guidance and the coordination of different directions and measures. Policy coordination can effectively integrate the goals and measures of energy policy, and can drive the development of agents within the energy system. In-depth survey and analysis on energy policy coordination show that more attention should be paid to these two research topics: dual carbon target and supply security of the energy system. Specifically, demand-side response, consumption-side reforms, and energy management innovation would become new research priorities. And future research methods of energy policy coordination should focus on quantitative analysis and machine learning. Further, econometric methods should be combined to explore the stack effect of multiple agents within the energy systems. Based on different logical approaches associated with energy policy choices, a multi-agent and multi-dimensional policy coordination framework should be constructed to provide implementation strategies for a coordinated evolutionary transition to low-carbon energy.

Spontaneous and field-induced evolutions of 2D patterns in fingerprint chiral textures

• Formations of rounded polygonal-spiral shaped stable/field-induced FCTs are investigated. • Impacts of homeotropic anchoring on formations of stable FCTs and field-induced FCTs are studied. • The bistable states of the FCTs and the driving scheme to switch between them are investigated. • Characteristics and optical properties of other field-induced FCTs are studied. The spontaneous and field-induced evolutions of 2D patterns in fingerprint chiral textures (FCTs) in a cell treated with homeotropic alignment layers are reported. The study focuses on the stable FCTs#1 (weak scattering state) and stable FCTs#4 (strong scattering state), which are the two stable states of FCTs, and the formations of stable FCTs#1 with rounded polygonal spiral textures (RPSTs) and field-induced FCTs#1 domains with RPSTs. The formations can be explained by the ripping process of corn cells on a cob. The formation mechanisms of the stable FCTs#1 through the spontaneous evolution and stable FCTs#4 through a driving scheme are investigated. Homeotropic anchoring forces play important roles in the spontaneous evolution of FCTs to form the stable FCTs#1 and determine the existence of stable FCTs#4. Field-induced FCTs#1/FCTs#2/FCTs#3 are also investigated. The concept that FCTs tend to minimize the free energy by changing their arrangement is the key to elucidate several mechanisms/concepts in this paper. The driving scheme to switch between the stable FCTs#1 and stable FCTs#4 is reported. These bistable states can be applied to electronics to reduce power consumption.

Effects of Magnetic Shear and Thermodynamic Asymmetry on Spontaneous Magnetohydrodynamic Reconnection

The spontaneous evolution of magnetic reconnection in generalized situations (with thermodynamic asymmetry regarding the current sheet and magnetic shear) is investigated using a two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation. We focus on the asymptotic state of temporal evolution, i.e., the self-similarly expanding phase. (1) A long fast-mode shock is generated in front of the shorter plasmoid as in the shear-less thermodynamically asymmetric case; however, the sheared magnetic component weakens the shock. This fast shock may work as a particle acceleration site. (2) The shorter plasmoid-side plasma infiltrates the longer plasmoid across the current sheet. Then, the plasmas from both sides of the current sheet coexist on the same magnetic field lines in the longer plasmoid. This may result in efficient plasma mixing. (3) The thermodynamic asymmetry and magnetic shear drastically decrease the reconnection rate in many orders of magnitude.

Some Extraordinary Cases of Giant Hemangioma in Children

Hemangioma is one of the most common tumors in infancy and we aim to show the importance of its spontaneous evolution. They are often present at birth or appear soon after and grow rapidly by endothelial proliferation. Here, we present a series of very extensive and extraordinary hemangiomas, mainly facial, followed for many years in order to be able to evaluate the natural growth and regression of those lesions and allow for a better-based treatment and follow-up. Keywords: Hemangiomas; Spontaneous evolution; Psychology; Extraordinary cases

Fibromatosis Colli: Congenital Torticollis of Muscular Origin

Definition: Fibromatosis colli is a congenital torticollis of muscular origin. It is secondary to a unilateral retraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, which appears enlarged and swollen on imaging. Radiological-Clinical Observation: It is a one month old infant who consults in the pediatric department for a cervical swelling lateralized to the right with a vicious neck attitude. Discussion: Fibromatosis colli is an infantile pseudotumor. Its incidence is approximately 0.4% of live births. Its exact etiology is still unknown. This condition is often unilateral. Ultrasound is the examination of choice for the exploration of this disease. In case of diagnostic doubt, a cytopunction may be indicated. The treatement is generally conservative and based on motor physiotherapy. Surgical treatment is sometimes necessary in case of persistence of the lesion. Spontaneous evolution can lead to an almost total cure by the age of 24 months in most cases. Conclusion: Fibromatosis colli is considered among the rare causes of cervical masses in infants and newborns. Imaging plays an important role in its diagnosis and post-treatment follow-up. Its treatment is often conservative and the evolution is favorable.

Fournier's Gangrene, an Exceptional Complication of Appendecto My Case Report

Fournier's gangrene is a fasciitis of the perineum, due to an acute bacterial infection necrotic bacterial infection of the soft parts of the perineum, by aerobic and anaerobic germs, with a severe prognosis with spontaneous evolution towards visceral failure and death. Although its etiologies remain unresolved, the urinary and anal outlets remain the main entry point. We report in this article an exceptional complication of an appendectomy in a 50-year-old non-diabetic patient whose immediate postoperative course was marked by the development of a Fournier’s gangrene.

Bioengineered Wound Healing Skin Models: The Role of Immune Response and Endogenous ECM to Fully Replicate the Dynamic of Scar Tissue Formation In Vitro.

The healing of deep skin wounds is a complex phenomenon evolving according with a fine spatiotemporal regulation of different biological events (hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, remodeling). Due to the spontaneous evolution of damaged human dermis toward a fibrotic scar, the treatment of deep wounds still represents a clinical concern. Bioengineered full-thickness skin models may play a crucial role in this direction by providing a deep understanding of the process that leads to the formation of fibrotic scars. This will allow (i) to identify new drugs and targets/biomarkers, (ii) to test new therapeutic approaches, and (iii) to develop more accurate in silico models, with the final aim to guide the closure process toward a scar-free closure and, in a more general sense, (iv) to understand the mechanisms involved in the intrinsic and extrinsic aging of the skin. In this work, the complex dynamic of events underlaying the closure of deep skin wound is presented and the engineered models that aim at replicating such complex phenomenon are reviewed. Despite the complexity of the cellular and extracellular events occurring during the skin wound healing the gold standard assay used to replicate such a process is still represented by planar in vitro models that have been largely used to identify the key factors regulating the involved cellular processes. However, the lack of the main constituents of the extracellular matrix (ECM) makes these over-simplistic 2D models unable to predict the complexity of the closure process. Three-dimensional bioengineered models, which aim at recreating the closure dynamics of the human dermis by using exogenous biomaterials, have been developed to fill such a gap. Although interesting mechanistic effects have been figured out, the effect of the inflammatory response on the ECM remodelling is not replicated yet. We discuss how more faithful wound healing models can be obtained by creating immunocompetent 3D dermis models featuring an endogenous ECM.

Characterization of the spontaneous right ventricular hypertrophy and evolution to heart failure in Wistar Kyoto rat strain

Heart failure is a pathological condition that remains as a major cause of morbi‐mortality in the world, and several cellular mechanisms involved in the development of heart failure remain unknown. In this study it was characterized a spontaneous experimental model of right ventricular hypertrophy from Wistar Kyoto rat strain and monocrotaline injection as a factor to induce the development of heart failure. Morphological and functional cardiovascular parameters, and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in serum were measured to determine criteria to be considered as a model of heart failure. Male WK rats 2 months old were assigned to 3 experimental groups (n=8 each group): control, right ventricular hypertrophy + saline (RVH+S) and right ventricular hypertrophy + monocrotaline (RVH+MCT). RVH was diagnosed through no invasive electrocardiographic record in awake animals, and one dose of monocrotaline (60 mg/Kg, ip) was injected. After 3 weeks, cardiovascular parameters were recorded (systemic and pulmonary systolic arterial blood pressure, heart rate), and arterial blood from aorta was taken and the heart was removed and analyzed. Total heart, right ventricle, left ventricle weights (g), and right ventricle free wall (in mm) were significantly different in the RVH+S (1.3±0.02, 0.40±14.11, 0.58±13, 2.86±0.19) and the RVH+MCT (1.6±0.09, 0.53±17.5, 0.67±18.94, 4±0.32) groups in comparison with the control group (0.99±0.04, 0.22±4.0, 0.55±14.38, 2.13±0.05), P&gt;0.001 for all parameters, except for LV weight in the RVH+S group. The systemic arterial blood pressure analysis demonstrates absence of significant difference between groups, however, right ventricular pressure (RVP in mm Hg) in the RVH+S (42±2.53), and RVH+MCT (78±4.22), was significantly increased in comparison with the control group (22±1.16), P&lt;0.001. ANF levels in serum were higher in the RVH+S and RVH+MCT experimental groups in comparison with the control group (537±11.04, 557±7.7 and 473±10.65 in pg/ml, respectively; P&lt;0.01). The results suggest that a sub‐strain from WK rats develop right ventricular hypertrophy spontaneously and with the administration of monocrotaline, severe right and left ventricular hypertrophy was developed, changes associated to an increase in levels of atrial natriuretic peptide suggesting heart failure, then could be a useful experimental model of heart failure where right ventricular hypertrophy is a central pathologic mechanism.

Efficacy of Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation in Catatonia: A Review and Case Series.

Catatonia is a severe neuropsychiatric syndrome, usually treated by benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy. However, therapeutic alternatives are limited, which is particularly critical in situations of treatment resistance or when electroconvulsive therapy is not available. Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising non-invasive neuromodulatory technique that has shown efficacy in other psychiatric conditions. We present the largest case series of tDCS use in catatonia, consisting of eight patients in whom tDCS targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and temporoparietal junction was employed. We used a General Linear Mixed Model to isolate the effect of tDCS from other confounding factors such as time (spontaneous evolution) or co-prescriptions. The results indicate that tDCS, in addition to symptomatic pharmacotherapies such as lorazepam, seems to effectively reduce catatonic symptoms. These results corroborate a synthesis of five previous case reports of catatonia treated by tDCS in the literature. However, the specific efficacy of tDCS in catatonia remains to be demonstrated in a randomized controlled trial. The development of therapeutic alternatives in catatonia is of paramount importance.

Filamentous Thermosensitive Mutant Z: An Appealing Target for Emerging Pathogens and a Trek on Its Natural Inhibitors.

Simple SummaryAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a pressing issue worldwide that must be addressed swiftly. It is driven by spontaneous evolution, bacterial mutation, and the dissemination of resistant genes via horizontal gene transfer. Researchers are working on many novel targets, which can become a pathway to inhibit harmful bacteria. Filamentous Thermosensitive mutant-Z (Fts-Z) is one such bacterial target that has gained popularity amongst scientists due to its conserved nature in bacteria and absence in eukaryotes. The aim of this work was to review the Fts-Z mechanism of action along with current studies on natural inhibitors for Fts-Z.Antibiotic resistance is a major emerging issue in the health care sector, as highlighted by the WHO. Filamentous Thermosensitive mutant Z (Fts-Z) is gaining significant attention in the scientific community as a potential anti-bacterial target for fighting antibiotic resistance among several pathogenic bacteria. The Fts-Z plays a key role in bacterial cell division by allowing Z ring formation. Several in vitro and in silico experiments have demonstrated that inhibition of Fts-Z can lead to filamentous growth of the cells, and finally, cell death occurs. Many natural compounds that have successfully inhibited Fts-Z are also studied. This review article intended to highlight the structural–functional aspect of Fts-Z that leads to Z-ring formation and its contribution to the biochemistry and physiology of cells. The current trend of natural inhibitors of Fts-Z protein is also covered.