Splinting Method Research Articles

Treatment of temporomandibular disorder using occlusal splint

Background : Patient suffering from occlusal abnormality is usually detected months or even years when the acute patient visits a dentist, and generally the patient does not receive direct treatment upon his complaints since minimum information is available on this type of treatment. In general, the dentist provides medication only or conducts incorrect selective grinding where in fact, the patient does not feel better from the previous conditions. Purpose : The objective of this study is to discuss the treatment on the dysfunctional temporomandibular joint followed by orofacial pain caused by occlusal disorder using occlusal splint. Case : In this case, a forty three years old male having trouble with the joint on the left jaw followed by orofacial pain caused by occlusal disorder. Case Management : Initial treatment with occlusal splint makes the patient comfortable and recovers from his complaints since the patient could restructure the chewing muscles. This treatment will be more successful if the dentist has the knowledge to use and choose occlusal splint method properly. Occlusal Splint could be used as a supporting therapy and consideration as one of the therapies to avoid the unwanted side effects. The use of occlusal splint is meant as an alternative of the main therapy in overcoming the problem of occlusal splint. Conclusion : Finally, therapy with occlusal splint is very effective as an alternative treatment to handle the dysfunction of temporomandibular joint caused by occlusion.

Comparison of two methods of controlled mobilisation of repaired flexor tendons in zone 2

The results after primary repair of zone 2 flexor tendon injuries were evaluated in 263 fingers in 192 patients using two different early-controlled mobilisation programmes. There were 126 men and 66 women (age range 18 to 57 years) divided into two groups. Ninety-eight patients with 137 fingers were treated by early active mobilisation with dynamic splinting method according to a modified Kleinert regimen (Washington regimen), and 94 patients with 126 fingers were managed with a controlled passive movement regimen postoperatively. During this evaluation patients were evaluated for total active movement (TAM), grip strength, and disabilities of arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) questionnaire. All patients were also reviewed 12 weeks after operation and the results assessed by the Buck-Gramcko-II system. Total active movement was "excellent" in the Washington regimen group (n=119, 87%), while excellent results of the fingers were achieved in the controlled passive movement group (n=94, 75%). The mean grip strength of the injured hand was 89% that of the non-injured side in the Washington regimen group, compared with 81% in the controlled passive movement group. The mean DASH score was 30 and 42 in the two groups, respectively. We think that controlled active mobilisation with dynamic splinting improves the outcome in the upper extremity, including range of movement, grip strength, and functional state of the hand in repairs of the flexor tendons.

Histomorphometric evaluation of immediately loaded SSII implants of different surface treatments in a dog model

This study compared splint (experimental) and nonsplint (control) methods for immediately loaded implants and examined the bone-implant contact rate for smooth, oxidized, and resorbable blast medium (RBM) surfaces. The first through fourth mandibular premolars were extracted from six young adult dogs. Twelve weeks after extraction, implantation was performed at the extraction sites. The SSII OSSTEM implant had one of three surface treatments: smooth, oxidized, or RBM. Sixteen weeks after implantation, the dogs were euthanized; the hemimandibles were obtained and processed histologically to obtain nondecalcified sections. Longitudinal sections were made for each implant and analyzed using light microscopy. Independent of the splinting method, a significantly higher bone-implant contact was observed for implants with oxidized and RBM surfaces when compared with implants with smooth surfaces. Irrespective of the splinting method, immediately loaded implants with oxidized and RBM surfaces may result in higher bone-implant integration when compared with implants with smooth surfaces.

A review of various techniques of orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in rat is a demanding procedure, which has become a popular model to investigate various problems. Our aim was to review and analyze the various techniques of experimental OLT in the rat. A review of the literature revealed 30 techniques or technical modifications. Each modification represented a change or a simplification of the reconstruction method of five anatomical structures, which are cornerstones of a successful OLT: the suprahepatic inferior vena cava (SHVC), portal vein (PV), infrahepatic inferior vena cava (IHVC), hepatic artery (HA), and bile duct (BD). SHVC is anastomosed via microsuture or cuff. The PV anastomosis is performed by microsuture, cuff, or a microsuture-temporary splint technique. IHVC is reconstructed by a microsuture, cuff, or microsuture-temporary splint technique. Arterialization has been accomplished via microsuture (aortic segment, celiac segment, or aortic patch), cuff, splint, sleeve, or telescopic method. Nonarterialization of the graft has also been described. Methods for BD reconstruction include pull-through, telescopic, splint, and T-tube. Although a high level of microsurgical skill is the basic requirement in the microsuture technique which provides the most physiological situation and concomitantly reduces thrombosis, it increases anhepatic time compared to the cuff procedure. The learning curve of microsuture techniques is flat; beginners need much practice to become expert. The most physiologic techniques for anastomoses are preferred for long-term survival studies, while the faster techniques are options for short-term survival studies. Each research group must choose techniques according to study defined aims.

Healing of 400 intra-alveolar root fractures. 2. Effect of treatment factors such as treatment delay, repositioning, splinting type and period and antibiotics.

This is the second part of a retrospective study of 400 root-fractured permanent incisors. In this article, the effect of various treatment procedures is analyzed. Treatment delay, i.e. treatment later than 24 h after injury, did not change the root fracture healing pattern, healing with hard tissue between fragments (HH1), interposition of bone and/or periodontal ligament (PDL) or pulp necrosis (NEC). When initial displacement did not exceed 1 mm, optimal repositioning appeared to significantly enhance both the likelihood of pulpal healing and hard tissue repair (HH1). Significant differences in healing were found among the different splinting techniques. The lowest frequency of healing was found with cap splints and the highest with fiberglass or Kevlar splints. The latter splinting procedure showed almost the same healing result as non-splinting. Comparison between non-splinting and splinting for non-displaced teeth was found to reveal no benefit from splinting. With respect to root fractures with displacement, too few cases were available for analysis. No beneficial effect of splinting periods greater than 4 weeks could be demonstrated. The administration of antibiotics had the paradoxical effect of promoting both HH1 and NEC. No explanation could be found. It was concluded that, optimal repositioning seems to favor healing. Furthermore, the chosen splinting method appears to be related to healing of root fractures, with a preference to pulp healing and healing fusion of fragments to a certain flexibility of the splint and possibly also non-traumatogenic splint application. Splinting for more than 4 weeks was not found to influence the healing pattern. A certain treatment delay (a few days) appears not to result in inferior healing. The role of antibiotics upon fracture healing is questionable.

Malleable splints in the neonatal management of clubfoot

This paper describes the technique and outcome of the manipulation and straping of idiopathic clubfoot, using malleable aluminium finger splints in the neonatal period. We report the results of treating 103 feet, over a consecutive 9-year period. Surgery was required in 59 feet (57%) over a follow-up period of 4 years and 10 months. The splint complication rate was 4%. The advantages of the splinting method are discussed. This is the first report of the results of this particul technique.

TOTAL INTESTINAL SPLINTING FOR THE TREATMENT OF POSTOPERATIVE ADHESIONAL ILEUS

Post operative adhesional ileus is a critical problem in the patients receiving intra-abdominal surgery. Intestinal decompression using a long tube is useful, but many cases relapse and the resultant long periods of hospitalization restrict quality of life.Four patients with recurrent postoperative adhesional ileus and two patients with severe intestinal adhesions were treated by the total intestinal splinting method. The postoperative courses were excellent and resulted in a normal quality of life.

Clinical Application of a Multiple Splint Method for Inuries of Bone and Joint

Clinical Application of a Multiple Splint Method for Inuries of Bone and Joint

Transcaecal splinting of the small intestine as prophylaxis and therapy of ileus (author's transl)

The present report concerns a simple method of the internal splinting of the small intestine which has been performed on 29 patients in the period between 1976 and 1980. This consists of introducing a Redon tube, perforated at regular intervals from the caecum into the proximal jejunum with exit of the tube via caecostomy. This transcaecal small intestine splinting is an efficient method for prophylaxis of the ileus in cases of peritonitis or lesions of the serosa as well as for ileus therapy in cases of severe abdominal adhesions or ileus recurrence. Our method encourages the formation of adhesions of the intestine lying in a physiological position and makes possible a continuous decompression of the intestine without the disadvantages of the transnasal or transjejunal splinting method. The postoperative development is portrayed. Complications due to the tube, such as formation of ansae and stool-fistulas as well as ileus recurrence are rare. Moreover, lethality is very low.

Treatment and Clinical Application Of a Triangular Splint Method for Fracture of the Humerus

Treatment and Clinical Application Of a Triangular Splint Method for Fracture of the Humerus

The effect of splinting upon periodontal healing after replantation of permanent incisors in monkeys

The effect of splinting upon periodontal healing after replantation was studied in 21 green Vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops). Two maxillary incisors were extracted in each monkey and the teeth were endodontically treated extraorally. One incisor was replanted after 18 min. whereas the other was replanted after 120 min. In 8 monkeys an orthodontic band-acrylic splint was applied for 6 weeks. In 6 monkeys the replanted teeth were splinted for 2 weeks. In 7 monkeys no splinting was carried out. The animals were sacrificed 8 weeks after replantation and the replanted teeth were examined histologically. The following histologic parameters were registered for each tooth: surface resorption, inflammatory resorption, replacement resorption (ankylosis), downgrowth of pocket epithelium and periapical inflammatory changes. All teeth replanted after 120 min. showed extensive ankylosis irrespective of the splinting method. In the 18-minute replantation group, the frequency and extent of replacement resorption w...

A splinting method for replantation of teeth in a noncontiguous arch

A splinting technique is described which allows maximum stabilization and accurate repositioning of replanted teeth in a noncontiguous arch.

Growth of dental plaque on hydroxyapatite splints. A method of studying early plaque morphology.

A technique was developed for growing dental plaque in vivo on an artificial surface which contains hydroxyapatite. Splints made of hydroxyapatite crystals embedded in an epoxy resin were adapted and cemented to the buccal surfaces of maxillary teeth in human test subjects. The splints were left in place for 24 or 48 hours. Observations in scanning and transmission electron microscopes revealed that plaque accumulated both in epoxy resin and hydroxyapatite areas of the splint surface. An extensive network of thread‐like structures connected the individual organisms to each other and to the underlying pellicle layer. This layer generally was somewhat thicker on the crystal surfaces than on the epoxy resin, possibly due to enhanced absorption of glycoproteins to the high energy surface of the hydroxyapatite crystals. Advantages of the splint method are: 1) Easy and rapid technique unrestricted by the presence of cavities or available teeth for extraction. 2) Plaque development may occur on hydroxyapatite surfaces which can be readily sectioned for transmission electron microscopy without decalcification. 3) Sequential colonization can be studied by removing segments of the splint at different time intervals.

A simple splinting method for protecting extremity grafts in infants

A satisfactory method for splinting small extremities after grafting procedures is presented.

Anastomosis of the Vas Deferens: An Experimental Study. IV. The Use of Fine Polyethylene Tubing as a Splint

Spermatic granuloma due to leakage of spermatic fluid has been the largest single cause of failure in anastomosis of the vas deferens. A splint is of value in aligning the anastomosis. A hollow splint method is described. In experiments on dogs 10 anastomoses were done. A 1 cm segment of vas was removed and end-to-end anastomoses were done over a splint of polyethylene tubing. The splint was brought through the wall of the vas 1 cm distal to the anastomosis. The free end was coiled and buried in the subcutaneous tissue to prevent the animal from pulling it out. The other end of the tubing extended several centimeters into the vas beyond the anastomosis. After 30 days the vasa were removed and the anastomoses examined. The vas was patent in every case. Spermatic granuloma did not occur. In a previous series of operations where a solid splint was used only 50% of anastomoses were patent and spermatic granuloma were frequent. In successful operations on humans the tubing has been brought to the surface and allowed to drain into the dressings thus bypassing the anastomosis. In humans tubing has been removed after 10 days. The size of the tubing is so that it is loose inside the vas permitting the flow of spermatic fluid around it should it become obstructed. In humans a suspensory bandage is needed. This technique offers greater hope of success in restoring fertility to men who have undergone vasectomy.

Semipermanent splinting—An adjunct to restorative dentistry

These temporary or semipermanent fixed splints have many practical uses in restorative dentistry. If the preparations have sufficient internal retention and are extended to include fairly sound terminal teeth, the splints can serve for several years. This procedure delays the need for extractions and/or extensive tooth preparation and forestalls expensive and time-consuming dental rehabilitation. Wire and acrylic resin splints do not supplant fixed splints made of soldered castings but merely serve as an adequate temporary splinting method for certain patients.

CONTRACTED SOCKET The Splint Method of Post-operative Control

CONTRACTED SOCKET The Splint Method of Post-operative Control