Spline Shaft Research Articles

The shearing stress of a fluted shaft (Application to the cross section of a screw)

In a spline shaft or a screw which is acted upon by the torsion mement, excess shearing stresses are induced by the stress concentration at the bottom of the groove or the root of a thread. Concerning not only the boundary but any point on the cross section of the curvilinear polygon, the general formulae for torsional shearing stress are theoretically deduced. Consequently, the formulae are applied to the cross section of the spline shaft and, as a special case, they are applied to the cross section of a screw thready by regarding the screw section approximately as a limacon curve.

ＣＢＮ工具による焼入鋼の断続仕上切削における刃先形状の効果

The CBN tool can be used for a fine cutting of hardened steel in turn for grinding. However, for an intermittent cutting, this tool comes often to over the life in an extremely short time owing to occurrence of cutting edge break. In this paper, so as to get long tool life and good surface finish, influences of tool geometry, collision means of tool with workpiece and frequency of collision are investigated. As a result of these consideration, a new tool of very long life was contrived. Main results are as follows: (1) In cutting of the shaft with two key ways the tool reached life because of flank wear. A recommendable negative land angle is around from 25° to 35°. (2) In cutting ofthe spline shaft having many collisions in number, the tool life is over in a very short time due to an edge failure. A break happens on flank face when the tool collides at tool face (Type I), and a flaking on tool face when at cutting edge (Type II). The latter gains an advantage over tool life and surface finish, and yet its life is short. (3) The new tool has a land on flank face, and is used for cutting of a spline shaft. Its failure manner is Type II. A flaking happens on the face successively at some time interval, and the cutting edge is selfsharpened at each time. Due to this action the tool life was much prolonged by 17 times of the case (2). (4) In the above case, when lifted the real cutting edge after flaking up to the initial edge height at a suitable time interval, the tool life increased further by 26 times.

AISI 1137

Abstract AISI 1137 is a resulfurized carbon steel containing nominally 1.50% manganese and 0.08-0.13% sulfur to provide free-machining characteristics. It is recommended especially for high-production automatic machine products. AISI 1137 has relatively low hardenability. In the longitudinal direction its ductility and toughness are fairly good but in the transverse direction they tend to be low. Its many uses include spline shafts, mine-car axles and shafts, gears, bolts, tool holders and tie-rods. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: CS-97. Producer or source: Carbon steel mills.

Device for measuring the circular pitch of precision involute splined shafts

Device for measuring the circular pitch of precision involute splined shafts

SURF-HARD

Abstract SURF HARD is a nitriding alloy steel designed for those applications requiring exceptionally hard wear resistant surface and a tough core, such as heavy duty gears, spline shafts, rubber and paper mill rolls, cylinder liners, etc. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-246. Producer or source: Atlas Alloys Division, Rio Algom Corporation.

Modern Solutions to Coupling and Transmission Problems of Aircraft Engines

SummaryAfter a brief review of the classification of the couplings from the kinematic and mechanical points of view, the problem of aircraft engine Interconnection is introduced, together with some solutions which have made it possible to overcome the difficulty presented by the joint, at the expense, however, of some other mechanical requirements. The troubles experienced with couplings are to be blamed on the following three aspects of the conventional coupling designs: the use of gear-tooth couplings, sliding splined shaft arrangements, and the use of couplings of excessive weight. Possible improvements in the conventional designs using splined shafts are described, also the correct means of ensuring lubrication and the possibility of avoiding the need of lubrication by use of elastic distortion. Some Information is given about the effect of materials to be used for joint faces. The author then deals with coupling systems which are essentially based on the elastic property of materials. Three systems are investigated: flexible shafts, diaphragms and flexible couplings. Although flexible shafts are excellent for small misalignments, they do not permit axial movements of which diaphragms and flexible couplings are capable. The author then deals with sliding motions by recirculation of rollers which considerably extend the possibilities of axial movement. While couplings are devices normally intended to (ink up adjacent units, they become transmissions when units are some distance apart, and the typical feature of transmissions is that they require to be supported on one or more bearings. Straight and curved transmissions are presented, together with a brief survey of the following problems:Torsional and bending strength, critical speeds, bearings, damping, loads on attachment points, effect of high and low temperatures, selection of materials, end couplings.Typical test results are given, including those for the Breguet 941 curved transmission which has been run for 17 000 hours, that is 3.6 X 1010 revolutions, with only one relubrication at 10 000 hours. A short length instructional film showed the operation of a flexible bearing under critical speed conditions (this bearing is a part of the Breguet 941 curved transmission), and also demonstrated the endurance of the joints using sliding-type flexible couplings.

Fatigue resistance of splined shafts hardened in different ways

Fatigue resistance of splined shafts hardened in different ways

Photoelastic Stress Analysis of the Spline Shaft

This paper presents an experimental investigation about the spline shaft by the threedimensional photoelastic method. The results are as follows : (1) The stress distribution of the spline shaft was measured by Dr. Nisida's wedge method, and the stress concentration factor was obtained. The results were coincident fairly well with those of other methods. (2) The accuracy of the wedge method was checked and its value was about 5%. (3) The stress distribution of the meshing spline shaft was investigated, and it was shown that the maximum bending stress of the tooth was comparable with the maximum torsional stress.

On the Torsion of the Spline Shafts : 1st Report, On the Spline Shafts for Light and Medium Loads

Among the square spline shafts which are in use generally, the profiles of the shafts for light and medium loads are complicated ones with double notches. And when these spline shaft are twisted, the stress distributions arround the notches or the torsional stress concentration factors at the bottom of notches have not been determined. Applying the method of the electrolytic tank analogy, which can be used on models of large scale, the author measured the stress distribution about the standardized spline shafts when twisted. And the following empirical formulas for the stress concentration factor αK0 and the torsional moment Mt are obtained. [numerical formula] From these equations, the torsional strength of the standardized square spline shaft can be determined.

On the Torsion of the Spline Shafts : 2nd Report, On the Shaft for the Heavy Loads

On the 1st report, the author obtained the stress-distributions and the torsional rigidities of spline shafts used for the light and medium loads. Here, he obtained the stress-distributions and the torsional rigidities of spline shafts for heavy loads and the serrated shafts, which had many longitudinal notches lying closely to one another. In the author's experiments, the electrolytic tank analogy method was used, and the following expression for the rate of diminution of stress-concentration factor is obtained. [numerical formula] Combinding the equation of ξN here given with the equations obtained in the 1st report and the equation of Neuber, which gives the relation between the stress-concentration factor and the opening angle of the notch, we can calculate the stress-concentration factor for any longitudinal notches. By these equations, the author calculated any spline shafts for heavy loads and serrate shafts and the results are shown in this paper.

Maximum Torsional Stress in Splined and Serrated Shafts

Maximum Torsional Stress in Splined and Serrated Shafts

スプラインホブ取付角による歯厚の調整

スプラインホブ取付角による歯厚の調整

Adjusting the Tooth Thickness of the Spline Shaft by Changing the Setting Angle of the Hob.

Adjusting the Tooth Thickness of the Spline Shaft by Changing the Setting Angle of the Hob.

スプライン軸の変速切削法(第3報)

スプライン軸の変速切削法(第3報)

On the Spline Shaft Hob Considering especially on its Fillet

On the Spline Shaft Hob Considering especially on its Fillet

日本標準規格自動車用スプライン軸のホブ切りに就て

日本標準規格自動車用スプライン軸のホブ切りに就て