Splenic Hydatid Cyst Research Articles

Hydatic spleen cyst: About a case

Introduction: Isolated cystic echinococcosis of the spleen (Splenic hydatid cyst) is extremely rare, ranking third after liver and lung involvement. It represents approximately 5% of all hydatid cyst localizations. Aim: To report a new case of splenic hydatid cyst and conduct a literature review on its pathophysiology, diagnostic circumstances, and therapeutic options. Observation: A 21-year-old male, professionally a student, residing in an urban area with no medical history, presented with left hypochondrial pain of a dragging nature evolving over several days. Abdominal examination revealed a visible and palpable bulge in the left hypochondrium. Ultrasonography, abdominopelvic CT scan, and hydatid serology confirmed the diagnosis of splenic hydatid cyst. Total splenectomy via laparotomy was performed in our patient. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion: Isolated splenic hydatid cyst is rare. Several routes of contamination are possible for the spleen. Diagnosis is often incidental. Treatment remains primarily surgical.

A splenic hydatid cyst in young female: a case report

Splenic hydatid disease is a rare kind of hydatid disease, accounting for less than 8% of cases in humans. Here we present a case of 23 years old female patient came to hospital with chief complaints of pain radiating to left quadrant in the last 2 years and cough with sputum and nausea and admitted in the hospital for further evaluation. CT chest shows cystic mass in the left hypochondrium lateral to the stomach compressing the stomach, later did CT abdomen which clearly indicates the spleen is enlarged in size with well-defined hypodense non enhancing unilocular cystic lesion measuring 13×13×11 cm (CC×AP×TR) in the upper and mid poles.

Splenic hydatid cyst: a case report

Hydatid cyst (HD) disease is a parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus. It occurs worldwide, but its prevalence is higher in the rural communities where sheep and cattle raising constitute a crucial component of the agricultural industry. This is a zoonotic disease which spreads via close contact of humans with sheep and dogs. The most common organs involved in hydatid cyst are the liver and lungs. However, other organs may also foster it, such as the spleen which is a rare clinical condition, with an incidence rate of between 0.5% and 4%. In this study, a 46-year-old male with a primary splenic HC is reported with chief complaint of pain and non-tender palpable mass in left hypochondrium. A 9.7×10.6×11 cm splenic cystic mass was detected on ultrasonography (US) and confirmed by abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan, without involvement of other organs. Splenectomy was done along with excision of intact hydatid cyst. Pathological examinations revealed cystic hydatidosis. We describe this case of an isolated splenic HC, which was successfully treated with total splenectomy, focusing on the management and outcome of this disease.

Hydatid Cyst at Unusual Location (Spleen) - A Case Report

Echinococcosis or Hydatid disease is a zoonosis endemic in agricultural areas of the world. It is caused by tapeworm of genus Echinococcus excreted in the faeces of infected dogs. Most common site of involvement is liver (50-77%) followed by lungs (18-35%), abdominal cavity and brain. Splenic hydatid cyst is a rare entity constituting 0.5 - 4% of abdominal hydatid disease. We report a case of 62 yrs old female who presented with vague abdominal pain and vomiting. Her abdominal CECT revealed a cystic lesion with peripheral calcified foci at lower pole of spleen. All other investigations were normal except for raised serum echinococcus IgG levels. Splenectomy specimen was received and histopathological examination confirmed it as hydatid cyst. Microscopy showed outer acellular laminated membrane, inner germinal layer with scolices along with eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrate. Patients presenting with hydatid disease are usually asymptomatic or can have vague abdominal pain. The disease is associated with recurrences, fatal anaphylaxis if neglected and high morbidity and mortality, therefore it should be considered as a differential for any cystic mass found in any part of the body.

Splenic Hydatid Cysts Treated by Partial Splenectomy: Case Series and Literature Review.

Hydatic cysts (HC) rarely occur primarily in the spleen. Partial splenectomy (PS) is an established procedure for preserving spleen parenchyma, but rarely used in the treatment of HC. We aim to present our experience with PS for HC and to review the literature of splenic HC treated by PS. Material and Methods: The databases of PS performed between 2000 and 2023 in the Department of General Surgery of Fundeni Clinical Institute (Bucharest) for HC have been reviewed retrospectively. Searching the PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar databases for keywords such as "partial splenectomy", "splenic hydatid cyst" etc, we retrieved publications from 2000 to December 2023 in English for a literature review. We excluded studies which were not published in English and studies which did not provide accurate or specific data regarding the treatment of splenic HC by PS. Results: There were 10 PS for HC. Six females and 4 males, ages between 16 and 41 (31Ã+-8.43), 9 with HC in the upper splenic pole (UP) treated by PS with lower pole (LP) preservation and one inferior pole HC treated by LP PS. There were 4 open, 2 laparoscopic and 4 robotic PS. There were no complications or recurrences at follow up (2 years). The literature review consists of 14 full-text articles, presenting 42 PS for HC. PS for HC is feasible, achieves complete removal of the cyst, while preserving splenic function. The procedure can be performed laparoscopically or robotically with the advantages of minimally invasive surgery.

Laparoscopic Surgery of an Isolated Splenic Hydatid Cyst in a 43- Year- Old Man: A Case Report

Introduction: Hydatid disease is a type of parasitic disease mainly affect the lungs and the liver and splenic hydatid cyst is a rare disease. We hereby present a rare case of splenic hydatid disease. Case report: A 43-years-old man with a history of left upper quadrant pain (LUQ) pain, anorexia, weakness, and weight loss was admitted to the surgery department in Iran. The imaging studies showed a cystic mass in the gastro-splenic ligament extending up to below the left diaphragm with adhesion to the spleen capsule and the fundus of the stomach caused focal elevation of this part of the diaphragm. A laparoscopic surgery was performed and splenic hydatid cyst with adhesion to the stomach and the left lobe of the liver and with penetration into the left hemi thorax was observed. Splenectomy, hepatectomy of the left segment of the liver, repair of diaphragmatic defect and stomach release was done. Conclusion: Splenic hydatid cyst surgery can be difficult and requires appropriate diagnostic evaluations and examination for adhesions and invasion to other organs.

A Rare Case of Spontaneous Splenic Hydatid Cyst Rupture

Hydatid disease is a parasitic infection characterized by the formation of cysts in the organs. The liver and the lungs are most often affected. Cysticercosis of the spleen is rare, accounting for less than 8% of all cases of cysticercosis in humans. Generally, hepatic and splenic localizations coexist. The clinical signs and symptoms of a splenic cyst depend on its size, its relationship to the surrounding organs, and complications. One of the complications of splenic hydatid cysts is spontaneous rupture of the cyst after trauma or following an increase in intracystic pressure. A ruptured splenic hydatid cyst in the abdominal cavity, as in our case, can lead to complications such as peritoneal irritation, urticaria, anaphylaxis and death, requiring both prompt surgical intervention and careful postoperative care. In our case study, we will present a case of spontaneous rupture of a splenic hydatid cyst in the abdominal cavity.

PERCUTANEOUS ASPIRATION-INJECTION-REASPIRATION (PAIR) THERAPY FOR SOLITARY SPLENIC HYDATID CYST: A CASE REPORT AND CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Splenic hydatidosis is a rare disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. Here, we report a case of a 68-year-old patient with a single splenic hydatid cyst, discovered incidentally on an ultrasound. The patient presented with left upper quadrant pain, but was otherwise asymptomatic. Imaging studies confirmed the diagnosis of a 13.7 x 14.3 x 11.6 cm splenic hydatid cyst. The patient underwent a puncture-aspiration-injection and reaspiration (PAIR) procedure with scolicidal agents and drainage, which confirmed the presence of viable scolex. The patient was then treated with albendazole, which led to a significant clinical and radiological improvement.

VARIOUS PRESENTATION OF HYDATID CYST IN ADULT POPULATION: A CASE SERIES FROM TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN CENTRAL INDIA.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonosis caused by the larval stage of the dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. Liver and lungs being the most commonly affected organs whereas splenic infection is rarer and its primary involvement occurs in less than 2% of abdominal Cystic echinococcosis. The clinical spectrum of hepatic hydatid cyst as well as splenic hydatid cyst may include abdominal lump with vague dull aching pain, postprandial fullness, retrosternal burn, nausea, vomiting with fever. Usually patient has history of dogs, cattle as well as goats as their pet animals. Sero-diagnosis plays a pivotal role in evaluation of abdominal lump which may later reveal itself as hepatic, splenic or hepato-splenic hydatid cyst. Here, we present different cases of hepatic and splenic hydatid cyst for which a combination of haematological as well as abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) were used for preoperative diagnosis

Splenic Hydatid Cyst- A Case Report

Asymptomatic hydatid cyst presents as an incidental finding. It is caused by Echinococcus granulosus. The liver is known to be involved organ, while the spleen is rarely involved. Hydatid cyst of the spleen should be considered as one of the differential diagnosis in patients presenting with left hypochondriac pain.This poses a clinical challenge. The decision on conservation or surgery is also a dilemma. To decrease incidence of Overwhelming Postsplenectomy Infection (OPSI) for elective splenectomy, vaccination protocol should be followed. It is important for the clinician to bear in mind the possibility of incidental asymptomatic splenic hydatid cyst and management protocols. Authors, hereby reports, a case of 26-year-old lady with complain of left hypochondriac pain, diagnosed with Ultrasound Sonography (USG) and Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) scan as splenic hydatid cyst. The patient underwent splenectomy after completion of vaccination to avoid OPSI. At six month follow-up the patient was asymptomatic.

Giant Primary Splenic Hydatid Cyst-Diagnostic Dilemma: A Case Report with Review

Primary extra hepatic hydatid cysts are rare, and primary splenic hydatid cysts even more so, constitute 2% to 3.5% of all hydatid cysts. We did a retrospective study from Jan 2022 to April 2023, and only two cases of hydatid cysts were recorded. There was only one case of isolated primary splenic hydatid cyst. The diagnosis was made per-operatively as ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography were nonconclusive. Surgery was the mainstay of diagnosis and treatment.

Uncommon Cause of Pain Abdomen in an End-Stage Renal Disease Patient on Hemodialysis

Abstract Pain abdomen is an unusual symptom in an end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patient, and the causes of the same have not been clearly defined. The causes may be related to advanced azotemia causing esophagitis, gastritis, and peptic ulcer disease or pressure-related pain due to polycystic kidney disease. The causes may be totally unrelated to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may present due to surgical causes such as cholelithiasis, appendicitis, diverticulitis, acute mesenteric ischemia, and others. We report an unusual case of pain abdomen in an 11-year-old child of CKD on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) who presented with recent onset left-sided hypochondriac pain and swelling. His contrast-enhanced computed tomography abdomen showed a large hydatid cyst in the spleen, and the patient underwent partial cystectomy for the same. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of splenic hydatid cyst. The postoperative course was uneventful. There are only a few case reports of isolated splenic hydatid cyst reported from India, but to the best of our knowledge, the same has never been reported in a child with CKD on MHD making it an unusual cause of pain abdomen in ESRD patients.

Isolated echinococcal infection of the spleen: a rare case report

Echinococciasis is a zoonotic infection observed in almost every anatomic location in the body. The liver and lungs are the most frequent sites of infection. However, spleen involvement is rare, and isolated splenic hydatid disease is even less common. Herein, we report a case of isolated splenic hydatid cyst without any tissue involvement that was treated with the classical surgical approach.

A case of isolated multiple hydatid cysts of spleen

Isolated splenic hydatid disease is an extremely rare entity accounting for less than 3% of the total incidence of Echinococcosis. We present a case of 26yr female presenting with pain in the left hypochondrium and low-grade fever. CECT abdomen showed three loculated lesions in spleen features suggestive of hydatid cysts. She underwent splenectomy with a specimen that showed multiple splenic hydatid cysts. This case report highlights the rare presentation of isolated multiple hydatid cysts of the spleen and its successful diagnosis and treatment.

TRAUMATIC RUPTURE OF ISOLATED SPLENIC HYDATID CYST

A traumatic rupture of isolated spleenic hydatid cyst (SHC) has been reported very rarely in the literature. In this article a case of traumatic isolated splenic hydatid cyst rupture treated with emergent surgical intervention is presented.
 The patient was brought to emergency department after an automobile accident. After 4 hours, his hemodynamic parameters deteriorated with impending frank peritonitis. Immediate laparotomy was performed due to failed non-operative treatment. The recovery was uneventful and the patient was discharged at 6th postoperative day. 
 Spleen is one of the most commonly injured solid organs in the abdomen as a result of trauma. SHC is usually solitary, though it is not common even in endemic regions, and multiple organ involvement is common if spleen is involved. In the present case, no other organ was involved besides spleen.
 Emergency surgery is the main treatment for ruptured SHC. For relapses, patient should be followed up in post-op period with 4-6 month intervals by abdomen ultrasonography, computerized tomography and indirect haemagglutination.

A Rare Case Report- An Incidental Finding of Isolated Unilocular Splenic Hydatid Cyst

Splenic Hydatid Cyst is a very rare presentation with less than 5% of total incidences of Cystic Echinococcosis. It is usually due to spread of cysts from other regions leading to secondaries. Primary isolated splenic hydatid cyst without involvement of any other organs is even rarer. We report an unusual case of a female who presented as Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) with an incidental finding of Isolated Splenic Hydatid Cyst with absence of involvement of any other organ. Patient underwent laparotomy and total splenectomy was done. This case report targets to report a rare case of incidental finding of isolated unilocular hydatid cyst of spleen and describes its management.

Surgical Approach to Splenic Hydatid Cyst: A Case Report

Hydatid disease, or echinococcosis, is a widespread zoonotic parasitic disease caused by a tapeworm, It is most frequently caused by Echinococcus granulosus, and the liver is the most commonly involved organ, although it may affect other organs. Hydatid disease of the spleen is a rare condition with a worldwide incidence of 0.5–4% [10]. Hydatid cyst of the ovary is an extremely rare presentation and accounts for 0.2–1% of the diagnosed cases. It may be mistaken for ovarian cysts or cystic tumors of the ovary[1], We present here a case report about a female patient who was admitted in gynecologic service for cystic tumor of ovary revealed by ultrasound and CT and operated by the realization of hysterectomy and adnexectomy the macroscopic and microscopic exam reveals that the lesion is a hydatid cyst, the CT objectifies also a splenic hydatid cyst and the patient was transferred to the digestive surgery department for further management for surgery and the treatment was a total splenectomy.

Wandering parasite: endoscopic management of hydatid cysts of abdomen encroaching thorax.

Minimal access surgery has opened avenues of hybrid approach for abdominal hydatid cysts extending into thorax. This approach of combined laparoscopy and thoracoscopy should be evaluated for its feasibility and efficacy. Present prospective study was designed to highlight the feasibility and utility of endoscopic approach in the management of complex hydatid cyst of the liver and spleen extending into the thorax. Patients undergoing combined Laparoscopy and thoracoscopy for abdominal hydatid cysts extending into thorax over a period of 4years were included in the study. Their clinical features, investigations, imaging, treatment and duration of hospital stay were studied. Clinical outcomes were assessed with respect to morbidity and mortality using Calvien Dindo scale. A total of 15 patients were studied. All patients had thoracic hydatid cysts with liver involvement in 12, splenic involvement in 2, and both liver and spleen in 1 patient. The most common symptom was pain in the abdomen in 11 patients (73.3%) followed by lump in the abdomen in 2 patients (13.33%), and dyspnoea in 2 patients (13.33%). Computed Tomography was diagnostic in all patients. Most common type was Gomez type 1 (7 patients) followed by Gomez type II (3 Patient) and Gomez type III (2 patient). The mean operative time was 120min. Mean hospital stay was 10days. Pleural effusion being the commonest postoperative sequelae. This endoscopic approach for liver and splenic hydatid cyst extending into thorax is feasible and averts morbidities of thoracotomy.

Solitary Splenic Hydatid Cyst

Splenic hydatid cyst is very rare, caused by the parasite echinococcus granulosus. Humans are considered an accidental intermediate host in the development of the parasite cycle. It poses a diagnostic dilemma with other cystic masses despite improved medical imaging techniques often requiring exploratory surgeries for fear of missing out on a malignant tumor. Total or partial splenectomy remains the treatment of first choice and the most effective. We report a case of solitary splenic hydatid cyst and discuss the different differential diagnoses and therapeutic modalities.

Literature review- Primary splenic hydatidosis

Aim: Cystic lesions in Spleen are common, but a hydatid cyst is uncommon. No doubt, the occurrence of hydatid disease has decreased due to handwashing after contact with canine species, vigorous washing & cooking of vegetables before eating, and stoppage feeding the slaughtered animal’s guts to dogs. Its incidence at unusual sites is about 8-10%. These uncommon sites are Spleen, psoas muscle, pelvic cavity, peritoneum, mesentery, brain, kidneys, bones, muscles and soft tissues. Primary extrahepatic hydatid cysts are uncommon, and primary splenic hydatid cyst (SHC) is even more so. Hydatid disease of the Spleen is known since 1790 as endorsed by Berlot and is caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Materials and Methods: Discussed below is a literature review focusing on the epidemiology, pathology, clinical presentation, investigations, treatment and follow up modalities of splenic-hydatidosis. Results: Our literature review examines dissimilar articles published on this topic and sum up the data obtained. Conclusion: The incidence of splenic involvement by hydatid cysts in relation to the rest of the abdominal viscera is very low and is about 0.5 to 4% of all cases of hydatidosis. Man is an accidental intermediate and end-stage host in its life cycle. Splenectomy (open and laparoscopic) was the gold standard treatment for splenic hydatidosis as medical therapy seems ineffective. However, the last two decades have shown a leaning towards splenic conservative surgery in suitable cases to reduce opportunistic post-splenectomy infection (OPSI). Keywords: Hydatid cyst, Spleen, Echinococcus granulosus, Splenic conservative surgery.