Hydatic spleen cyst: About a case

Abstract

Introduction: Isolated cystic echinococcosis of the spleen (Splenic hydatid cyst) is extremely rare, ranking third after liver and lung involvement. It represents approximately 5% of all hydatid cyst localizations. Aim: To report a new case of splenic hydatid cyst and conduct a literature review on its pathophysiology, diagnostic circumstances, and therapeutic options. Observation: A 21-year-old male, professionally a student, residing in an urban area with no medical history, presented with left hypochondrial pain of a dragging nature evolving over several days. Abdominal examination revealed a visible and palpable bulge in the left hypochondrium. Ultrasonography, abdominopelvic CT scan, and hydatid serology confirmed the diagnosis of splenic hydatid cyst. Total splenectomy via laparotomy was performed in our patient. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion: Isolated splenic hydatid cyst is rare. Several routes of contamination are possible for the spleen. Diagnosis is often incidental. Treatment remains primarily surgical.