Spiritual Religious Research Articles

Ayahuasca Treatment Outcome Project (ATOP): One-Year Results from Takiwasi Center and Implications for Psychedelic Science.

This article focuses on the outcomes at 1 year post-treatment of a naturalistic evaluation of services provided through the Takiwasi Centre, an accredited Peruvian therapeutic community offering an ayahuasca-assisted, integrative treatment program for addiction rehabilitation. Participants (n = 52) completed structured interviews and a battery of validated instruments. Outcome measures included the Addiction Severity Index (Version 5), the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Spiritual Religious and Personal Belief (WHOQOL-SRPB) scale. Likert rating scales were used to assess perceived importance and significance of different aspects of the program and overall participant satisfaction. The group change from baseline to the 1-year follow-up was significant and in the anticipated direction for alcohol and drug use severity, depression and anxiety, and some dimensions of quality of life. There was considerable individual variation in outcomes and treatment duration. The majority of participants rated all aspects of the program as important, including the spiritual and therapeutic significance of the ayahuasca experience, which was rated as very significant. Based on the positive 1-year outcomes, and within the limitations of an uncontrolled observational study design, the findings suggest promise for the effectiveness of the use of ayahuasca in a multifactorial treatment context for individuals with significant treatment histories, high levels of comorbidity, and treatment motivation. Results highlight considerable variation in individual experience that merit in-depth qualitative analysis. Implications for ayahuasca-assisted and other psychedelic-assisted treatment alternatives are discussed.

Spirituality in Parkinson's Disease within a Sample from the USA.

Spirituality and religious beliefs are important for coping with medical conditions. The dopaminergic system is involved in reward behavior, and its dysfunction in Parkinson Disease (PD) raises questions about religiosity and spirituality in people with PD. This study examines the association between levels of spirituality and religiosity and the severity of PD motor and non-motor symptoms. The secondary aim investigates the perceived impact of PD diagnosis on spirituality and religiosity. This was a cross-sectional analysis of demographic, physical, mental, and spirituality and religiosity status in patients with PD recruited for the Health Outcomes Measurement (HOME) Study at the University of Maryland Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Baltimore, USA. Spirituality and religiosity were assessed using the Spiritual Well-being Scale, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Spiritual Religious and Personal Belief field-test instrument. The sample size was 85 PD patients. The mean age (standard deviation) was 65.5 (9.4) years and 67.1% were male. Higher levels of spirituality and religiosity were associated with younger age, sex (female), less education, religious affiliation (Christian), and mental health status. After adjusting for age, education, gender, race, marital status, religion, physical health, mental health, and comorbidity, only anxiety was associated with all of the spirituality/religiosity assessments. The majority of patients reported no change in their religious or spiritual beliefs following diagnosis. Greater spirituality and religiosity were associated with less anxiety. Also, younger women with PD showed higher levels of spirituality and religiosity. Longitudinal studies on more diverse populations are needed.

University Leadership Management For Developing University Students’ Entrepreneurship

Leadership teachers serve a crucial role in developing university student entrepreneurship competency. Referring to the concept of Entrepreneurial Based University, leaders can create effective entrepreneurship development programs in the frame of spiritual religious. This research aims to determine, understand and analyze the management of university teachers in West Sumatra province in developing student entrepreneurship. This study uses a qualitative approach with a type of study conducted at the State University of Padang (UNP), West Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Results of the study show that the leadership plays a role in the development of student entrepreneurship through the implementation of effective management functions, namely (1) planning, in the form of strategic policies in formulation of statute, strategic plans, determination of priority programs for developing campus, business units, and entrepreneurship programs; (2) organizing, in the form of official tasks, restructuring management; (3) Leading; manifested in the concept of VALUE (View, Appreciate, Leading, Understand and Evaluate) with spiritual religious frame-muslimprenur; (4) Controlling, carried out both in the form of program implementation and responsibility of the budget in developing student entrepreneurship.

Psychometric characteristics of the WHOQOL-SRPB Scale in a population of stroke survivors and caregivers.

Studies have shown that spirituality plays an important role in enhancing the quality of life of stroke survivors and their caregivers. Spirituality has been associated with positive patient and caregiver outcomes, so a valid, reliable measure of spirituality is important. It has not been tested with stroke survivors and their caregivers, so the aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Spiritual Religious and Personal Belief (WHOQOL-SRPB) scale for stroke survivors and their caregivers. In this cross-sectional study, 414 stroke survivors at 10 rehabilitation hospitals and 244 caregivers completed the WHOQOL-SRPB. The WHOQOL-SRPB's factorial structure was assessed with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), criterion-related validity was evaluated with the WHOQOL-BREF, and internal consistency reliability was assessed with Cronbach's α and ordinal α. The CFA results supported the hypothesized eight-factor structure. The stroke survivor and the caregiver versions of the model both had excellent fit indices. The factor loadings for the final models were strong: 0.78-0.98 for stroke survivors and caregivers (p < 0.001). The criterion-related validity for the WHOQOL-SRPB showed weak to moderate correlations with all the WHOQOL-BREF dimensions. Both ordinal α and Cronbach's α had values more than 0.70. The WHOQOL-SRPB scale is a valid, reliable instrument for measuring spirituality in stroke survivors and caregivers. Given the importance of spirituality for stroke survivors and caregivers, the WHOQOL-SRPB scale is recommended as an important tool for clinical practice and research.

Development of Integrated Learning Model of Islamic Education Subject and Student Self Control

This research title is the development of integrated learning model of Islamic education subject (PAI) and student self control. The problem of the research is in the orientation of knowledge, the meaning of learning process is still less optimal which is characterized by the weakness of student character. The result of learning process and student study’s value do not success to internalize inside the student. PAI learning process in Madrasah Ibtidayah the method of Teacher Centered still dominates the school. PAI is presented in partial and it is should be not in holistic and integration. Developing research method with ADDIE consists of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Syntax model which is developed by ISLAMIC (Information, Synergy, Learning, Active, reminding Model, and Continue). By the instructional effect hoped that the student intelligent increasing and has strong spiritual religious, self control and well behavior. The nurturant effect from this research was the realization of learning process meaning. This integrated study is hoped that the students are able to link one topic to the other subjects. Characters value inside the material expected to be applied in students’ life later on. The result of analysis development model with Aiken validation book model, teacher book and student book showed that the product was valid. The product of book model practicality. Teacher book and student book resulted practical product. Product effectiveness increased the study result and students self control.

الجوانب التربوية في عقوبة جريمة البغي = Educational Aspects of the Crime of Outrage

البغي | العقوبة | الجوانب التربوية | التربية الاجتماعية الخلقية | التربية المعرفية العقلية | والتربية الروحية الإيمانية | التربية النفسية الوجدانية | Outrage | Penalty | Educational Aspects | Social and Moral Education | Cognitive Mental Education | Spiritual Religious Education and Psychological Education

Spiritual/religious struggle in hematopoietic cell transplant survivors.

9573 Background: Spiritual/religious (SR) struggle (e.g., feeling abandoned or punished by God) has been associated with poorer coping and quality of life (QOL), greater depression and pain, and health declines in general cancer populations. Few studies have been conducted among survivors of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). This study examined the prevalence and predictors of SR struggle in HCT survivors. Methods: Data were collected as part of an annual questionnaire of adult (age &gt;18 years) survivors of HCT at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, WA. The 2011 survey included a SR module that incorporated the following items: Negative Religious Coping subscale of Brief RCOPE, subscales from the McGill QOL Questionnaire and the SF-36, Patient Health Questionnaire-8, disease information and socio-demographics. SR struggle was defined as any non-zero response on the Negative Religious Coping subscale of the Brief RCOPE. A multi-variable logistic regression model was used to determine factors associated with SR struggle. Results: Of 2113 returned surveys (52% response rate), 83% returned the SR module (n=1745) and of those 1586 were included in this analysis. Subjects were 49% female; 67% Christian and 20% Agnostic/Atheist/No preference; and 91% white. Mean age was 55 years; survivors ranged from 6 months to 40 years post-transplant. Primary indications for transplant were leukemia (49%), lymphoma (20%), and multiple myeloma (15%). Twenty-eight percent indicated SR struggle. In a multi-variable model, SR struggle showed statistically significant associations with age &gt;=65 years (odds ratio [OR] .57, p=.02); patient report of being religious only (OR 3.5, p&lt;.001) or spiritual only (OR 1.8, p&lt;.001) compared to being both religious and spiritual; depression (OR 1.1, p&lt;.001); and better social support (OR 0.77, p&lt;.001). Time since HCT, religious affiliation and race/ethnicity did not show statistically significant associations with SR struggle. Conclusions: SR struggle is common among HCT survivors, even years after HCT.Further study is needed to determine causal relations, longitudinal trajectory, impact of struggle intensity, and effects of SR struggle on health, mood and social roles for HCT survivors.

Psychological Impact of Religious and Spiritual Beliefs on Life Quality of Two groups of University Students

Background; this study is designed to assess the effect of religious and spiritual beliefs on quality of life among two groups of university students in Iraq and Jordan.Objective: to examine the psychological impact of religious and spiritual beliefs on quality of life and to implement the Quality of Life- Spiritual Religious and Personal Beliefs(QOL-SRPB)questionnaire for the first time in both countries .Method :A convenient sample of advanced medical students from Baghdad college of Medicine in Iraq and College of Medicine in University of Science and Technology in Jordan recruited during April 2008 to complete 200 forms of the Arabic modified version of QOL-SRPB simultaneously.Results: Analysis of the findings revealed higher measures of importance regarding spirituality in the Jordanian group in comparison to the Iraqi group; however, comparable mean scores of all facets were reported in both groupsConclusion:. Both studied groups showed comparable results due to the presence of shared belief system and cultural norms .despite the circumstantial hardship of the Iraqi group they showed reasonable satisfaction to their quality of life.

Attention to Spiritual/Religious Concerns in Pediatric Practice: What Clinical Situations? What Educational Preparation?

Chaplaincy Today • Volume 23 Number 2 • Autumn/Winter 2007 Medical practitioners and researchers continue to explore the association between spiritual/religious (SR) concerns and illness and medical care. Koenig et al. summarize over 1600 publications that describe this relationship. In a previous publication, we reported the statistically significant web of associations between the personal/professional characteristics of pediatricians and their attention to SR in clinical practice. In summary, we found that older pediatricians who described themselves as religious and spiritual more frequently talked with patients/families about their SR concerns. These pediatricians reported that their own personal SR was important in their clinical practice and that the SR of patients/families was relevant to the care they provided. This article presents results relative to the following:

Relevance of Religion and Spirituality in German Patients with Chronic Diseases

Many American patients depend on religion to cope, but less is known about the spiritual/religious (SpR) characteristics of medical patients in Europe, a more secular environment. We examined self-categorizations of SpR (spiritual, religious, both, neither), patients' search for meaningful support, trust in higher source, positive interpretation of disease, and support in relations of life through SpR, as measured with the SpREUK questionnaire, in German medical patients. We analyzed data on 710 West-German patients with a mean age of 54. Forty-two percent had chronic pain diseases, 25% cancer, 10% multiple sclerosis, 21% other chronic diseases, and 3% acute diseases. The general interest in search for meaningful support was moderate. Trust in a higher source and support in life through SpR were rated higher, while almost all patients had a positive interpretation of their diseases, i.e, hint to change life. The interest in SpR issues was highest in cancer patients and lowest in patients with multiple sclerosis. Univariate analyses confirmed that the SpR self-categorization was the strongest predictor of all four factors, while trust in a higher source was also affected by religious affiliation and age. Positive interpretations of disease correlated well with search for meaningful support. Patients with chronic diseases differ with respect to their SpR self-categorizations and may thus utilize different aspects of SpR. Cancer patients, in particular, often depend on their trust in a higher power and in conventional religious activities to help them to cope with their illness.

Selected Spiritual Religious, and Family Factors in the Prevention of School Violence

The mass-casualty school shooting incidents in recent years have heightened concern about the safety of U.S. schools and prompted responses that, in many cases, have centered mainly on bolstering security on school campuses. Some researchers have concluded, however, that the most effective prevention efforts are those that are more comprehensive in scope. This article explores selected spiritual, religious, and family value factors that research has indicated may play an important protective role in strengthening resilience in young people and minimizing at-risk behavior that may be associated with school violence.

Promoting quality sleep in older people: the nursing care role

Sleep is a basic activity of living. Its restorative properties in healthcare settings--both hospital and community--should be considered by healthcare workers. Its significance in gerontological nursing should not be underestimated. As older people are prone to multiple pathology, disease processes may mask their need for effective sleep and rest. "Sleep architecture" is a term that applies to the mechanics of sleep or its stages and clinicians may fail to identify when this is disrupted. "Sleep hygiene" refers to measures or interventions used to promote sleep and a person-centred approach is necessary, with support from specialist agencies to achieve effective sleep hygiene. The need for long periods of sleep may diminish owing to ageing. However, the quality of the sleep experiences, i.e. feeling rested and refreshed, should be the same. Several factors have been identified in the causation of insomnia. In healthcare settings, environmental factors such as noise and light pollution are the commonest features. Other issues that may be present in both healthcare and community settings are related to varied perspectives, such as physiological, psychological and spiritual-religious. Providing a climate conducive to health sleep in all settings becomes a requisite in the planning of care.