Sphere Of Tourism Research Articles

Грузинский опыт экономической модернизации: достижения и неудачи

The article analyzes the causes, results and consequences of economic modernization reforms in Georgia in 2004–2013. The authors examine the starting positions of Georgia’s economy on the eve of reforms and study the main macroeconomic indicators of the country in different periods of its post-Soviet history. The purpose of the research is to identify both the strengths and weaknesses of Georgia’s economic transformation in 2004–2013, and to determine the sustainability of the results achieved. In other words, the question to be answered is whether the post-reform economic system of Georgia was able to withstand the changes in the foreign trade environment (in particular, the fall in prices for Georgia’s main export products – ferroalloys and copper in 2014–2019), and then the economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Having assessed the degree of success and effectiveness of the modernization reforms 2004–2013, the authors conclude that the results were contradictory. On the one hand, the tax reform proved to be highly efficient; significant success was achieved in the privatization of state property (both industry and land), as well as in the expansion of economic rights and freedoms of the population. On the other hand, the anti-corruption measures were only partially successful, as significant results were achieved only at the grassroots level, while systemic corruption (primarily in the higher echelons of government) remained the most serious problem of Georgian society and the state. Similarly, debureaucratization did not affect all sectors of the economy. Thus, while serious progress was registered in the spheres of services, trade and tourism, the debureaucratization and reduction of state regulation in agriculture and industry were less successful.

Role and place of geographic knowledge as a component of tourism education

The present article is concerned with a role and place of geographic knowledge in training of specialists in the specializations of Service, Tourism, Hotel Business in the Don State Technical University. Analysis of geographic disciplines, their interrelation and mastery sequence is performed. It was found that the most effective sequence is from fundamental and conceptual to principal and highly specialized ones. Opinions of students in various courses, as well as of employers on the importance of geographic knowledge in tourism education are studied. Upward trends of the role of geographic knowledge in tourism education are explored. Curricula for training of specialists are analyzed with respect to the quantity of geographic disciplines and hours devoted to their learning in in absolute terms and as a percentage. A tend to decrease the study time devoted to geographic disciplines is defined that may cast a pall on the quality of training specialists. Problems of grasping geographic knowledge and mastering the corresponding skills are identified. The present paper examines the best possible modes of study for students of the sphere of service, tourism, and hospitality industry. Evidence of importance of students’ involvement into scientific workflows is provided. Special attention is paid to importance of internship in training of future specialists. Ways to enhance efficiency of tourism education through optimization of methods to learn disciplines in the sphere of geographic knowledge.

ОЗДОРОВЧА РЕКРЕАЦІЯ ТА МЕДИЧНИЙ ТУРИЗМ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ПРИЧОРНОМОР’Я (НА ПРИКЛАДІ САНАТОРІЇВ М. ОДЕСИ)

In the article the specifics of combining wellness recreation and medical tourism, as well as relevant management challenges within the Ukrainian Black Sea region, on the example of Odesa resorts, that need to prioritize the interests of local residents over the interests of visitors as well as unloading Odesa by road transport to eliminate the negative, in particular the environmental consequences for recreation and tourism of the city are analyzed and determined. Accumulation and further targeted use of financial resources (due to tourist tax, fines for administrative violations, etc.) in the formation like a development fund of recreation and tourism and its collaboration with the environmental fund of the city is offered; as well as significant improvement of information management, aimed primarily at the systematic and open acquaintance of locals and visitors with the state of affairs in the field under study, in particular within the framework of ensuring the safety of vacationers, in accordance with ISO / PAS 5643:2021. Emphasis is placed on intensification in crisis conditions, currently during the COVID-19 pandemic, financial support of sanatoriums by the state, primarily in the form of grants, as well as modernization of children’s health centers. On the example of Odessa sanatoriums, which continue the tradition of providing health and recreational services, it was found that in essence the Ukrainian-Black Sea wellness tourism is complex and includes features of medical, recreational, health and other relevant types of tourism. For its further development it is necessary to innovate and learn from the experience of economically developed countries, but traditions and mental features need to be protected and preserved, as they determine the authenticity and image of Ukrainian tourism. In the paper are also substantiated a comprehensive combination of traditional organizational and economic tools, including quality control of recreational services, modernization of recreational infrastructure, etc., and additional measures, primarily to ensure the safety and comfort of vacationers, in a mechanism aimed at eliminating the negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in the sphere of wellness recreation and medical tourism in Ukraine.

INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN INTERNATIONAL TOURISM: CONTENT AND BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

Objective. The objective of the article is to determine the current trends in the development of innovations in international tourism through the systematization of scientific and analytical literature and bibliometric analysis of the term "innovations in tourism". Methods. To achieve the goal, such research methods as literature review, content and quantitative bibliometric analysis are applied. The review of reports of international organizations is used to identify, collect and analyze data on modern trends in the development of innovations in international tourism, as well as their critical assessment. The content analysis is carried out to determine the components of the ecosystem of innovation and entrepreneurship in international tourism, to determine the innovative spheres (systems) of international tourism. Quantitative bibliometric analysis of scientific research on tourism innovations is carried out using data visualization tools of the Scopus (Elsevier) scientometric database. The time interval of the research is 22 years (2000-2022) according to the search query – “Tourism Innovation”. Results. Quantitative bibliometric analysis of documents for the search query “Tourism Innovation” for the period 2010-2022 in the scientometric database Scopus (Elsevier) is carried out using data visualization tools. The analysis is carried out according to three parameters: 1) the number of documents for the studied period; 2) the country of origin of the authors; 3) sectoral distribution of documents. The content of the most cited publications on the subject under investigation is analyzed. The provisions of the UNWTO Innovation, Education, Digital Transformation and Investment Strategy are elaborated, as well as the organization's practical activities for its implementation are studied. This makes it possible to single out the elements of the ecosystem of innovation and entrepreneurship in international tourism and to determine the functions and roles of ecosystem participants in the promotion and formation of innovation development trends. A critical analysis of the World Tourism Innovation and Development Report (2021-2022) published by the WTA and the Center for Tourism Research of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences is processed and carried out that allows to conclude that the international tourism industry is on the path to recovery after COVID-19, based on six innovative areas: technological innovation, organizational innovation, product innovation, marketing innovation, institutional innovation, innovation in public services, each with specific ranges (capabilities) of use and emerging future trends.

Vaccination Campaign: A Bibliometric Analysis

This study provides the bibliometric analysis of publications addressing the COVID-19 pandemic and preventive measures to overcome it. This study aims to analyze, systematize, and build clusters of world schools of thought that changed their research directions in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. The relevance of solving the scientific problem is urgent to quickly restore the economy, education, tourism, and other spheres of society affected by the pandemic. The authors emphasized that vaccination is one of the effective ways to reduce COVID-19 morbidity. Therefore, the study sample was generated with articles indexed by keywords “COVID-19” and «vaccination» in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The study period covers 2020-2021. To operate with the most relevant publications, the study sample was limited by the English publication language and subject areas, excluding the publications in the categories of medicine and pharmacology. The case study involved the VOSviewer software, Web of Science, and Scopus database analysis tools in analyzing the scientific background on the issue of trust in the vaccination campaign. The visualization of findings was conducted using the VOSviewer software tools. The obtained results showed most of the work was published by the scholars of American, English, Chinese, German and Italian affiliations. The study identified at least 10 research directions on the investigated topic: the reasons for differentiating the intentions to be vaccinated; attitudes towards vaccinations depending on gender, age, and social status; forecasting different recovering scenarios; consequences of misinformation and fight against misinformation; effectiveness of social pressure on the population; the role of social networks; sufficiency of using personal protective equipment; the self-responsibility in creating collective immunity; the need medical staff visits; testing the effectiveness of the vaccine, etc. The findings of the bibliometric analysis could be useful for further empirical studies to find cause-and-effect relationships and mathematical modeling of the reasons for vaccination refusal and predicting different pandemic scenarios.

The influence of the socio-cultural aspect of tourism on the genesis of the civilization process and European integration communication links

Summary. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of the phenomenon of tourism as a socio-cultural phenomenon on the genesis of the civilization process and integration communication links between Ukraine and the countries of the European Union (EU). The main levers of tourism development, its main aspects and social functions are revealed. Currently, tourism is considered as a subject of scientific study, with its conceptual apparatus, functions and sphere of influence. The article examines the social and cultural factors of the development of modern tourism. Particular attention was paid to the issues of the individual’s need for tourist services, the social nature of the tourist’s needs was determined, and the peculiarities of meeting the needs in tourist services were analyzed. The methodological foundations of the research were general scientific methods and techniques of research: analysis, synthesis, comparison, analysis of statistical data. The analysis of the points of view of foreign and domestic authors on the research of the social and meaningful aspects of tourism, the conceptual apparatus of the sociology of tourism allowed to substantiate the influence of sociological aspects of tourism on globalization processes and European integration communication links, as well as to determine the current directions of tourism development in the context of European integration processes in Ukraine. Scientific novelty. It was determined that tourism, being one of the manifestations of a social form of movement, is an important factor that contributes to multifaceted communication links and affects the genesis of the civilization process, but for a long time it did not have a clear and unambiguous definition, and was interpreted differently by individual specialists, and organizations. Conclusions. As a result of the study, it was established that in the modern world tourism combines many spheres of human activity and affects both the person himself and all spheres of his life and the life of society as a whole, performing a cognitive function. In places with a developed sphere of tourism, there is a change in society – there is a reorientation of the workforce in professions related to tourism. It has been proven that in developed forms, tourism strongly affects both the person himself and many areas of his life – the organization of work and leisure, economic and social development, transforms the environment in the region in which it develops.

ШЛЯХИ РОЗВИТКУ ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ СФЕРИ УКРАЇНИ У ВОЄННИЙ ПЕРІОД

The article is devoted to the study of the development of the Russian-Ukrainian war for the development of tourism in Ukraine. It is substantiated that in wartime Ukraine it is time for political science to understand the development of tourism as an object and subject of the political process and as an economic attractor, to deter-mine the state of national and regional economy and determine appropriate management decisions. Under such conditions, the tourism sector not only shapes the political ways, methods and means of tourism in the country, but causes the development (albeit indirectly) of solving some political and economic problems and functions of the state. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that it is currently characterized by the need to seek stabilization of economic and social development of society, as well as the formation of political opportunities for national action in the political process, where tourism to change the institutional structure. Research on the de-velopment of tourism is now particularly relevant in the context of the full-scale war in Ukraine and is studied in a number of scientific and practical works. The full-scale war began not so long ago, and at present there are not many publications and research on this topic. Studies show that the tourism business in Ukraine is at the stage of structural adjustment, institutional population, the formation of intra-industry, and intersectional, interregional and foreign economic relations. The tourist infrastructure is being improved, the corresponding segment of the labour market is being formed, and a new system of state regulation of tourist activity is being created. The facts of cultural crimes of the occupying forces on the territory of Ukraine and their consequences in the future are studied. The main factors influencing the socio-economic and ecological zone during the war are identified. The internal demand necessary for the normal functioning of the economy must decrease. Accurate estimates of this decline cannot be given at this time, but it is likely to be at least a third of the military level. Such a reduction is transformed into a corresponding fall in the country’s GDP. Also the key consequences for the development of the tourist sphere of Ukraine are described. The article identifies problems and prospects for the development of tourism in the war in Ukraine.

Potential possibilities of application of new types of high-speed vessels in the tourist sphere of the Black Sea aria

The paper deals with some issues related to the study of the potential use of new types of high-speed passenger ships for the organization of maritime passenger traffic between the ports of the Black Sea. In addition, a project was proposed for organizing excursion passenger lines between the Black Sea and Mediterranean ports, as well as tours along the coastline. Recently, special attention has been paid to the development of sea tourism in the Black Sea. However, for the organization of this type of tourist activity, it is important to understand the possibilities of using special types of marine passenger ships developed by domestic designers. The implementation of design ideas in the very near future will make it possible to organize highly efficient maritime liner and cruise communications on the Black Sea.

РЕГІОНАЛЬНА ПОЛІТИКА ТА ОЦІНЮВАННЯ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ТУРИЗМУ ЗАПОРІЗЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

The article investigates the theoretical and methodological principles and practical aspects of regional policy of sustainable tourism development. It is noted that despite the large number of scientific studies, the problems of regional policy of sustainable tourism development taking into account the current situation in some regions, in particular in the Zaporizhzhia region, remain relevant and require further research and additional scientific and practical achievements. The scientific definition of "regional policy", "sustainable development" and "sustainable tourism" has been clarified. It is emphasized that regional policy is an integral part of public policy, which is aimed at organizing the national space in accordance with the chosen development strategy. Sustainable development is an important factor in the development of tourism, which meets the needs of the present, but does not jeopardize the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It is proposed to monitor the main indicators for assessing the sustainable development of tourism in the region: volumes and directions of tourist flows; economic efficiency of tourism; efficiency of tourist activity at the level of enterprises of the tourist sphere; assessment of the state of tourist infrastructure. Indicators of sustainable tourism development in the Zaporizhia region are considered and analyzed. The main trends in tourism development in the Zaporizhzhia region are identified. The dynamics of the main indicators of tourism activity within the region was typical for Ukraine. According to state statistics, the dynamics of tourism in the Zaporizhzhia region over the past two years, unfortunately, is negative, which is most likely due to the epidemiological situation in the country and the world. The necessity to take into account first of all the regional specifics of the territories in the implementation of the policy of sustainable tourism development in the regions is substantiated. It is noted that in the Zaporizhzhia region there are important prerequisites to enter the most developed in terms of tourism in Ukraine and Europe. Zaporizhzhia region has a favorable geopolitical location, comfortable microclimatic conditions, diverse landscape, unique flora and fauna, historical and cultural heritage, sufficient natural and health resources. The orientation of the regional policy of tourism development of Zaporizhia region is highlighted. The task of ensuring sustainable development is indicated. The primary task of forming a regional policy of sustainable tourism development should be to consolidate the efforts of all executive bodies to create favorable conditions for improving the quality of tourism services to the level of international standards, tourism and general infrastructure of the region. Ultimately, the sustainable development of tourism leads to the sustainable development of the entire territory, while protecting nature, culture, social and economic development.

СТРАТЕГІЧНІ ПРІОРИТЕТИ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ТУРИСТИЧНИХ ДЕСТИНАЦІЙ В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЇ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ

Introduction. In the global dimension, tourism is the driving force of the socio-economic development of states and regions, it acquires significant importance and is fixed in the public consciousness as an integral component of the modern way of life. But at the same time, tourism activity in all its forms and types is extremely susceptible to threats and challenges of global origin or spread. In view of this, the development of tourist destinations, especially in the context of international tourism, must necessarily be based on guaranteeing the safety of tourists, tourist organizations and resources. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current problems of the socio-economic development of international tourism destinations and to substantiate the prospective directions of their operation from the standpoint of guaranteeing the safety and socialization of tourism. Materials and methods. The materials of the research are the works of domestic and foreign authors, devoted to the analysis of theoretical and applied aspects of solving the problems of socio-economic development of tourism in conditions of global instability, as well as the results of the author's analysis and generalization of the peculiarities of the functioning of tourist destinations of Ukraine in conditions of crisis. In the process of carrying out the research, the following scientific methods were used: theoretical generalization (for the formulation of scientific approaches to the interpretation of the safety of tourism and tourist destination); analysis and synthesis (to identify and substantiate the principles and directions of socio-economic development of international tourism destinations in the context of guaranteeing tourism safety); logical generalization of results (formulation of conclusions). Results. The article substantiates the principles of destination development, which is based on the priority of solving tourism safety problems, such as systematicity, humanism and sustainability. Based on these principles, an international tourism destination in conditions of instability should fulfill recreational, social and economic functions. The problems of the development of tourist destinations that require a priority solution in the context of guaranteeing the safety of international tourism are highlighted: the formation of the image of international tourism destinations; social adaptation of foreign tourists within the destination; providing feedback to foreign tourists. Ways to solve these problems are proposed and such strategic priorities of the socio- economic development of tourist destinations as a targeted marketing policy formed on the basis of sustainable tourism development and effective communications, socialization of tourism and guaranteeing the safety of tourists are formulated. Discussion. In further scientific research, it is expedient to form a methodology for assessing the stability of tourist destinations in crisis conditions and to carry out an assessment of the main selected indicators on the basis of individual destinations or regions of Ukraine. Based on the results of such an assessment, it is possible to develop differentiated measures to optimize the post- crisis recovery of the tourism sphere of Ukraine at the regional and local level.

РОЗВИТОК ЕКОЛОГІЧНОГО ТУРИЗМУ В КОНТЕКСТІ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ УКРАЇНИ

The scientific research is devoted to topical issues of ecological tourism research in the conditions of the National Tourism Organization of Ukraine, which will lead to a complex effect in the long run (it will consist of supporting local business, creating jobs, rationalizing the use of resources, preserving biodiversity, improving infrastructure, forming a national tourist image and respectful attitude to the lifestyle, culture and traditions of local residents). It has been established that the variety of sources of financing makes it possible to form multivariate strategies for the development of ecological tourism facilities. It has been found that ecological tourism is one of the alternative types of tourism, which is considered as one of the ways to improve the economic life of communities, since this type of tourism contributes to increasing public awareness of the values of the environment and natural resources, the formation of additional financial opportunities for the preservation of destinations, especially in «critical» locations that lack viable economic alternatives. It has been investigated that the National Tourism Organization of Ukraine forms additional connections and establishes the interaction of subjects of the tourism sphere with state authorities, territorial communities and related industries. A survey of respondents has been conducted to determine the average value of the total amount of money that a tourist is willing to spend when visiting ecolocations during a one-day tour to Zhytomyr Region in 2021. The basic structure of visitor spending on tourist services has been established. The priority of tourist service needs of visitors to ecolocations during one day of the tour has been revealed. The main possible frequency of trips to the objects of ecological tourism has been determined. Respondents' suggestions for arranging the infrastructure of the locations have been offered. The calculation of the economic efficiency formula for determining the possibilities of the project of a potential object of ecological tourism has been carried out, on the basis of which tourist organizations, communities, and state authorities will be able to make a decision about the feasibility of implementing the project.

ФАКТОРИ АКТИВІЗАЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ КЛАСТЕРНОГО ФОРМАТУ СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВА У ТУРИСТИЧНІЙ СФЕРІ БІЗНЕСУ РЕГІОНУ

The article examines the theoretical foundations of the formation of cluster associations of tourism business enterprises, defines the concepts of "clusterization of the tourism sphere" and "life cycle of an innovation-tourism cluster". It was determined that the cluster form of cooperation of enterprises of various fields of activity acts as an investment and innovation model of business development, which is the most optimal for the creation of a competitive tourist product and its implementation on the tourist market. It was noted that, on the one hand, clustering ensures the development of regions, and on the other hand, it contributes to the development of the entire country, increasing the competitive position of the national tourism business on the international market due to the offer of a quality tourist product. The paper proposes a process-oriented model of the stage of construction of an innovative tourist cluster, which includes the environment for the idea of an innovative tourist product project, the factors that determine the expediency of the cluster format for the implementation of such a project, and the sequence of measures that formalize the process of forming a cluster association. A set of factors is presented that determine the activation of each of the elements of the process-oriented model and optimize and accelerate the process of cluster formation, as well as lay the groundwork for ensuring the viability of ideas for innovative tourism products. The need for the formation of a competitive market of tourist services, saturated with traditional tourist products, was noted as a prerequisite for the initiation of cluster-forming processes in this area and the appearance of an offer of innovative products on the market of tourist services. This necessity is based on the dialectical logic of the development of socio-economic processes, which provides for a certain sequence of stages in their passage, one of which is the stage of market saturation and the corresponding aggravation of competition with the transition of relations in the tourism business to a qualitatively new stage of development, which is potentially its clustering. The necessity of a two-way movement initiative in the direction of tourism business clustering – both on the part of local administrations and on the part of business structures and organizations – is emphasized as a condition for ensuring the viability of cluster initiatives.

ОЦІНКА РИЗИКІВ ПРИ ПОБУДОВІ СТЕЙКХОЛДЕРНОЇ МОДЕЛІ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ТУРИСТИЧНИМ БІЗНЕСОМ

As a result of the escalation of the Russian-Ukrainian war in 2022, the tourism sphere suffered a colossal blow, while a significant part of tourism enterprises was able to adapt or relocate their business in the existing conditions. The current situation prompts the tourist business to reorient itself to a business format adapted to existing conditions, while focusing not only on the needs of the client and employee, current trends in the field of hospitality, but also taking into account all the threats and risks that can rapidly escalate due to the war in Ukraine. The work considers the ways of building a model of strategic management of the restaurant business, aimed at determining the relationships between enterprises and stakeholders. The purpose of the work is to study the theoretical, methodological and practical foundations of building a stakeholder-oriented model, which will ensure the strategic development of enterprises taking into account the specifics of the tourism business in modern realities. The article defines the theoretical foundations of strategic management of the enterprise. The concept of “stakeholder” is defined and its potential role in the management of the restaurant business is substantiated, taking into account the strategic vector of its development. The study analyzes the current state of development of restaurant business in Ukraine. A study of the construction of a stakeholder strategy of restaurant business management was conducted. An analysis of risks in the stakeholder-oriented management strategy was also carried out, on the basis of which the directions for the implementation of the stakeholder model of tourism business management were outlined. This model is aimed at ensuring the overcoming of risks caused by the activities of stakeholders and prevention of their occurrence, as well as the possibility of using them to improve the indicators of their own activity by enterprises of the hotel and restaurant industry and the tourism industry. The basis of the formation of the risk register is the use of expert assessment methods, because specialists in the field of tourism and hotel industry can give a professional competent assessment of the activities of stakeholders, and the use of statistical methods will make it possible to minimize subjective assessment factors and statistical error when conducting research.

Զբոսաշրջության մրցունակությունը Հայաստանում և աշխարհում / Tourism Competitiveness in Armenia and Worldwide

After the collapse due to Covid-19 pandemic, tourism sphere started recovering in 2021 and 2022. International tourism climbed to nearly 60% of pre-pandemic levels in January-July 2022. In Armenia tourism is recovering and in 2022 January-October the number of incoming tourism arrivals was 1400000. This growth is also connected with the high number of Russian tourists visiting Armenia during RussianUkrainian war. This paper presents travel and tourism competitiveness and development indexes of 2019 and 2021. Armenia was the 61st with 4.0 score in 2021 in TTDI. The main issues are connected with the qualification of the labor force, country brand strategy, T&T capital investment, ticket taxes and airport charges, air and ground transport infrastructure, natural, cultural and non-leisure resources, environmental sustainability, pollution and environmental conditions, preservation of nature, seasonality of international tourist arrivals, etc. So, some steps are needed in above-mentioned directions to insure sustainable tourism development in Armenia.

СВІТОВІ ТРЕНДИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ТУРИЗМУ В УКРАЇНІ

Tourism is a multifaceted socio-economic and cultural phenomenon of the early XXI century. Experience shows that the development of tourism creates the necessary conditions for increasing the level of mobility and employment of the population, promotes stable economic growth, rational use of cultural and natural heritage sites. The current situation in the tourism sector requires an active search for ways to overcome the crisis of intensifying the production of tourism products with the necessary quality. The aim of the study is to analyze trends in the tourism sector of Ukraine and the world due to the crisis, the study of new opportunities for transformation of the tourism market in accordance with new global requirements and operating conditions. For the last 2 years, the tourism industry, during the pandemic and long quarantine measures, is like most businesses in crisis. It lost many businesses that failed to survive in the market, which was about 25%, and the remaining businesses must adapt to new working conditions, with quarantine requirements and new needs of service consumers. In view of this, in today's conditions the newest directions of tourist business which in modern conditions will provide all complex of services, with an additional spectrum of service and observance of conditions of safe rest become actual. Numerous studies show that the latest trends in tourism development on an international scale are: Workcations – a combination of work, study, and leisure; solo tourism; online tour; Leisure – a combination of business travel and leisure; mini-trips – weekend trips; domestic tourism; Wellness – tourism of a healthy way of life, etc. It is substantiated that considering national traditions and mentality perspective directions of development of tourism sphere of Ukraine soon should be considered - domestic, rural (green), gastronomic and historical-cultural types of tourism and, accordingly, innovative tourist products and services created on their basis. For the tourism business to quickly adapt to the normal state, it is necessary to introduce innovative types of tourism that will attract more people to the tourism business and generate additional income by introducing new offers, new tours, visiting special cities and a range of best quality services. accelerated introduction of online forms and digital tools in the provision of tourist services, etc.

LONG-TERM RESEARCH INTO WEEKEND TOURIST TRAFFIC IN ROCK-CAVE OJCOW NATIONAL PARK (POLAND) FOR THE NEEDS OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

Ojców National Park is distinguished geo- and landscape diversity by Polish national’s parks. It is primarily associated with Jurassic rock formations and niche-caves, which are the main attractions of the park. The research covered the main places visited by tourists – the rock formations of the Castle and the Krakow Gate, the caves Lokietka and Dark Cave, as well as restaurants in the center of the village Ojców. The main focus was on the tourist load on attractions and tourist infrastructure, identifying the main trends over the 20-year observation period and developing recommendations for choosing approaches to sustainable service for visitors to the park. The article discusses the load and structure of weekend tourist traffic in the central part of Ojcow National Park for a long period of time (1998–2017). The results are based on direct observation at the OPN entrance gates and sites on the weekends during the summer season (July-August). It has been established that the total number of visitors in the central part of the park varies from 1.2 to 2.5 thousand people, depending on the weather, which is 1.5-2 times higher than the average daily attendance. The structure of visitors is dominated by small (family) groups (85–91%) and adults and youth (over 70%). During the 20-year observation period, certain trends in the structure and spatial distribution of tourism flows have been identified. In particular, there is an increase in the number of motoring tourists, the share of cyclists (up to 15% of the total flow of visitors) and the attractiveness of educational sites. These long-term studies of the load of tourism flow in the OPN allowed us to assert the phenomena of overtourism in the park, in particular, in its central part over the weekends. Based on the results of recording tourists and questionnaires filled in by the tourists, recommendations for the implementation of elements of sustainable development of the recreational and tourist sphere of the park have been developed. They envisage bringing a network of parking lots to the periphery of the park, dispersal of the main tourism flows, wider introduction of the educational-ambling model of visiting with an emphasis on ecotourism activities. Key words: park; tourism flow; caves; rock formations; visitors; structure; load; sustainable development.

Conceptualization of Socio-humanitarian Principles of State Policy in the Tourism Sphere in Ukraine

The article analyzes the domestic scientific sources devoted to the formation of the conceptual foundations of state policy in the field of tourism, based on the socio-humanitarian dimension. It is pointed out that this process is a topical scientific and practical issue that encourages the application of modern concepts in the context of domestic state-building, which have been effectively tested in many countries around the world. It has been revealed that socio-humanitarian processes are focused on meeting the key human needs as a producer and consumer of material and spiritual benefits, the formation of which is also influenced by tourism. Among the vectors of socio-humanitarian conceptualization of state policy in the field of tourism as a key resource of development in decentralization, the policy of national memory is highlighted, focused on deepening knowledge about the historical past, establishing the foundations of national identity, implementing the principles of patriotic education, etc. Emphasis is placed on the need to provide the community within the tourist destination with quality tourist services using modern digital technologies.

The development of theoretical, methodological and practical recommendations of the innovative development vectors of business process reengineering and strategic management of enterprises

The object of research is the reengineering of business processes, which is used to increase the effectiveness of strategic management of an enterprise, which will create a new type of environmental enterprise «bioalliance». One of the most problematic places is the possibility of conducting marketing research to ensure the competitiveness of enterprises. The paper used the hypothetical method in substantiating the theoretical and methodological principles of organization and functioning of bio-alliances as the basis of bio-economy for rural areas. The study used the economic-statistical method, ranking of economic zoning, correlation and regression and cluster analysis. These methods were used in the elaboration of directions, sources and strategies of development, components of system and process management, state support for the implementation of traditional and new socio-economic and environmental functions. Also in the course of the work, methods of ideal modelling, mathematical modelling and programming, abstract-logical and structural-logical, extrapolation, expert evaluations, surveys, observations, qualitative and quantitative, imaginary and social experiments were used. The results of the market analyses of agricultural companies showed the inexpediency of agricultural companies. Based on the research, modelling and re-engineering of business processes through the implementation of organisational, corporate, business and functional strategies was proposed. The new form of agrarian enterprises, proposed in the work, is «bioalliance», based on the principles of integration of tourism sphere, sphere of organic production and production of eco-commodities, as well as using bio-resources as the main source. Compared to similar known methodologies of strategic management, the proposed methodology provides enterprises with a high level of importance in the regions, increasing the efficiency of the use of the resources available in their ownership. And also to allocate new market segments in order to attract not only existing, but also potential consumers.

Problems and Prospects of the Development of the Recreational and Tourist Spheres of Lviv Region under European Integration Conditions: Investment Aspect

The article examines the problems of the development of the recreational sphere of Lviv Oblast under the conditions of European integration. Prospects for their development and investment aspects are highlighted. The dynamism of the volume of capital investment in the sphere of recreation in the Lviv region for 2010-2020 was analyzed. The work developed the organizational and management mechanism of state management of the recreational sphere under the conditions of European integration. This mechanism should be provided both at the macrolevel and at the level of regions (microlevel) and take into account the peculiarities and requirements of international (in particular, European) requirements and norms. Favorable prerequisites thanks to the further European integration of the Ukrainian economy are analyzed. Priorities for state and regional policies regarding the improvement and improvement of the planning (programming) system, more effective use of the existing tourist, recreational, natural, resource and other potentials of the entire territory of Lviv region have been identified. Investing in the spheres of recreation and tourism of Lviv Oblast and other regions (oblasts) of our country under the conditions of intensification of development, acceleration of European integration processes is a real opportunity for starting, stimulating the effective development of already existing entrepreneurship in the tourism and recreation industries, increasing the role and importance of small and medium-sized enterprises in it business, etc. It will also encourage the development of related sectors of the economy that provide recreation and tourism. Keywords recreation, tourism, European integration, investment.

Туризм и отдых населения арктических регионов России: возможности и ограничения

The Arctic regions, being on the one hand an important resource for socio-economic development of the state, and on the other hand, characterized by harsh natural and climatic conditions of work and life, require special attention to achieving quality of life of the local population. The sphere of tourism and recreation is considered as a tool for restoration of physical and emotional forces of a person. The pur-pose of the study is to identify the opportunities and limitations of tourism and recreation for the residents of the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation. The study is based on the calculation of indices for economic, socio-economic and infrastructural indicators that characterize the opportunities and limitations of tourism and recreation organization by the population of the Arctic regions of Russia in the regional context. The results revealed the presence of high financial opportunities in the organization of tourist trips and leisure activities. There is a significant level of activity aimed at promoting inbound domestic and international tourism. It is revealed that the residents of the Arctic regions have a relatively low level of spending on recreation in the territory of permanent residence. The problems identified in the course of research work on recreation of residents of the Arctic regions in the territory of permanent residence require a more systematic and comprehensive approach. The results obtained can be used in strategic and policy documents on the development of the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation.