Health Sphere Research Articles

Perinatal Mental Health in Hamilton and Montreal

Mental health concerns experienced by individuals during or up to one year after pregnancy fall under the umbrella of perinatal mental health. Estimates suggest that one in five people will experience a perinatal mental illness at some point during their pregnancy or up to one year postpartum. Racialized individuals with low socioeconomic status are at an increased risk to perinatal mental health. Perinatal mental illness is becoming an incredibly relevant topic in the sphere of public health and policy. Recently, the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care released a recommendation against screening individuals for depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period (up to 1 year after childbirth), stating that there is low certainty of evidence for such screening measures. This received backlash, with groups like the Canadian Perinatal Mental Health Collaborative (CPMHC) speaking out. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and the Minister of Mental Health and Addictions aim to “ensure timely access to perinatal mental health services”, as identified in a recent mandate letter. Given its current salience, this piece seeks to explore perinatal mental health programs in Ontario and Quebec, critically analyze their effectiveness, and suggest future areas of improvement.

Improving Humanization through Metaverse-Related Technologies: A Systematic Review

While there is an increasing awareness regarding the culture of humanization, which is strongly needed in the healthcare environment, little knowledge has been provided in relation to accurate strategies to teach humanization skills to healthcare undergraduate students, as well as to healthcare professionals. Furthermore, the usefulness of new technologies to improve humanization skills has hardly been addressed so far in the scientific literature, including promising strategies such as Metaverse-related technologies. Presumably, this is the first systematic review focused on the efficacy of Metaverse-related technologies to increase the acquisition of humanization skills in the healthcare environment. The purpose of this study was to review the scientific studies published in the last decade to answer the following two questions: (1) are Metaverse-related technologies useful in enhancing humanization skills in the healthcare environment? (2) What are the advantages and disadvantages that should be addressed to successfully develop Metaverse-related technologies in the healthcare sector? We conducted a systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature from EBSCO, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WOS), following the PRISMA statements and using the following keywords: “humanization + Metaverse”; “humanization + mixed reality”; “humanization + extended reality”; “humanization + augmented reality”; “humanization + virtual reality”; “humanization + app”; “humanization + telemedicine”; “humanization + digital health”; “humanization + eHealth”; “humanization + telehealth”; “humanization + web-based”; “humanization + website”; “humanization + digital”; “humanization + online”; and “humanization + internet”. Studies published from 2012 to the present, written in the English language, were reviewed. A total of 505 records were obtained, of which three were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results will be helpful in developing new strategies to improve humanization skills in the health sphere.

Nev science directly in the sphere of people's health

At the article, there is an influx of the author's systemic approach "Kinesioplasty" in the field of development, inspiration and support for the high level of health of people. At the article, try to try to obґruntuvati new science directly - kinesioplasty. A didactic (primary-methodical) apparatus for kinesioplasty was introduced, a method was set, a task was given, an object was given, methods and techniques that are victorious in practical work. The review of kinesioplasty in microkinesiology and kinesiotherapy is given. The structure and conceptual apparatus of kinesioplasty are presented. The role of that part of the system "Kinesioplasty" by Gavrilyuk V.O., based on diagnostics, correction, development and improvement of morpho-functional, structural psycho-physical processes in the body, is shown. For classical physiology, kinesioplasty destroys the links between the usual functions of the body, adhering optimal self-regulation and adhering to the factors of the common medium. In this other world, we accept the ordering and organization (negentropy) of the system, without interfering with the improvement of the health and the quality of life of a person.
 The proposed systemic approach of kinesioplasty effectively affects: preservation and maintenance of the body in the best optimal functional state; development of postural balance, static and dynamic balance; motor abilities and skills, prevention of complications caused by various medical conditions; increasing immunity; involvement of a person in active participation in the process of elimination of local anatomical and functional pathological conditions; and raising the level and quality of life in general.
 Kinesioplasty is aimed at the development of physiological immaturity, stuttering in development, optimization and development of rough bones, renewal, rehabilitation, recreation and preservation of healthy people in life.

Antibacterial Properties of Eucalyptus globulus Essential Oil against MRSA: A Systematic Review

Antimicrobial resistance is a huge threat against the public health sphere and is a major cause of global mortality and morbidity. Antibiotic misuse and overuse have led to the development of many resistant bacterial strains. One particular bacterium of concern is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which is the most common resistant bacteria in humans. Antibiotic development has been unable to keep up with the rapid evolution of antibiotic-resistant organisms, and there is an urgent need to identify alternative agents to combat this problem. The purpose of this systematic review is to explore the literature on the antibacterial properties of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil against MRSA. The articles used in this review were obtained through a systematic search of the literature across four databases, with the timeline being between 2002 and 2022. Twenty studies were included in this review, which used various methods to investigate the antibacterial properties of E. globulus essential oil, alone or in combination with other agents, against MRSA. The findings suggest that E. globulus essential oil has antibacterial properties against MRSA, which can be enhanced when used in combination with other agents, such as other essential oils and antibiotics.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice Regarding Antibiotic Prescription by Medical Interns: A Qualitative Study in Spain

Antibiotic resistance is an issue of growing importance in the public health sphere. Medical interns are of great relevance when it comes to the source of this problem. This study therefore sought to ascertain which factors influence the management of antibiotic therapy by this population, in order to pinpoint the possible causes of misprescribing habits. We conducted a qualitative study based on focus group techniques, with groups consisting of medical interns from the Santiago de Compostela Clinical University Teaching Hospital. Our study identified factors which the participants considered to be determinants of antibiotic use and their relationship with the appearance of resistance. The single most repeated factor was the influence of the attending physician's judgement; other factors included a high healthcare burden or prescribing inertia. This stage is an opportunity to correct misprescribing habits, by implementing educational interventions aimed at modifying the identified factors.

Eteronomia versus autonomia. Emergenza e individualizzazione nel primo anno di pandemia in Italia

The essay presents the perceptions about risk and trust collected in Italy during the first year of Covid-19 using secondary analysis data. The aim is to show how the fallout of the pandemic goes beyond the sphere of health and extends to those of individual action and social relations. The hypothesis is that the prolonged interruption of the normality of everyday life has temporarily halted the individualisation process. Risk, mistrust, uncertainty of social cohesion and deterioration of public debate, as observed in the survey, have contributed to reducing the space for the achievement of personal autonomy by producing heteronomy.

Spatial distributions in disaster risk vulnerability for people with disabilities in the U.S.

BackgroundThe spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States has centered the role of natural hazards such as pandemics into the public health sphere. The impacts of these hazards disproportionately affect people with disabilities, who are frequently in situations of social, political, or economic disadvantage. Because of these disadvantages, people with disabilities may have less access to necessary resources and services, putting them at risk due to unmet health needs. These disparities in access also highlight important regional, state, and county-level differences with regards to vulnerability and preparedness for natural hazards. ObjectiveThe objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between disability and disaster risk in the United States. We examine the geographic variation in the relationship between risk from natural disasters and the percentage of people with disabilities living in a community. Because emergency management functions in the U.S. are directed and enacted at the county level, we also explore how these relationships change across U.S. counties. In addition to the overall prevalence of people with disabilities, we disaggregate the population of people with disabilities by gender, race, ethnicity, age, and disability impairment type. MethodsTo measure risk of natural hazards, we use Expected Annual Loss index, a component of the 2020 National Risk Index, developed by Federal Emergency Management Agency, which identifies communities most at risk to18 natural hazards. We measure the percent of people with disabilities per county using the American Community Survey. We estimate the nationwide relationship between the proportion of people with disabilities and risk of natural hazards using ordinary least squares regression. To explore geographic differences in these relationships across the United States, we use a geographically weighted regression model to estimate local relationships for each county in the contiguous United States. We use mapping techniques to display regional differences across different disability demographic groups. ResultsCounties with higher percentages of people with disabilities have a lower risk of natural disasters. Across the United States, a one percent increase in prevalence of people with disabilities in a county is associated with two percent decrease in the natural hazard risk score. Small but statistically significant regional differences exist as well. County-specific estimates range from a five percent decrease to a one percent increase. Stronger associations between risk and the prevalence of people with disabilities are observed in the Midwest and parts of the Southwest and West, whereas the relationship across racial groups is more scattered across the United States. ConclusionIn this study, nationwide results suggest that people with disabilities are more likely to live in communities with lower risk of natural hazards, but this relationship differs across U.S. counties and by demographic subgroups. These findings represent a contribution in further understanding the health and well-being of people with disabilities in the United States and the geographic variation therein.

Understanding Meta-Ethnography in Health Professions Education Research.

Understanding Meta-Ethnography in Health Professions Education Research.

The emerging public health legislation in Ukraine

As Ukraine has started the legal process for a public health legislation, this narrative review attempts to: i) characterize recent legal acts (which are current as well as drafts) and international standards in the sphere of public health; ii) analyze the definitions of public health legally relevant to Ukraine, in particular: public health and public health protection; iii) discuss related definitions relevant to the health sector; iv) characterize the main subjects tasked to protect public health; v) and clarify the necessary educational innovations, which are the basis in the preparation of human resources for an efficient implementation of the public health concept. After referring to the current legislative process and a discussion of some of the concepts and terminologies available in the literature, the following understanding of the terminology is proposed here: i) ‘Public Health’ should be understood as mental and physical health of the population in a certain territory, determined by the best achievable demographic indicators, characterized by decreasing morbidity and mortality and increasing the potential to lead an active and long life; ii) the term ‘Public Health Protection’ (or, ‘Protection of Public Health’) should address a system of measures which are aimed at prevention and control of morbidity, optimization of demographic indicators, promoting a value-oriented state policy, securing biological and genetic safety and relying on joint societal efforts. It is essential that the implementation of a public health law is underpinned by adapting the postgraduate educational system to the new challenges in Ukraine.

MARKETING STRATEGIES OF DABUR AMIDST SHIFT IN CONSUMER BEHAVIOR TOWARDS AYURVEDIC PRODUCTS DURING COVID-19

Covid 19 pandemic has crucially affected the economy, health and other spheres of life. This unprecedented pandemic has severely affected consumer attitudes, behaviorism, and purchasing habits.The rapid shifts in consumer behavior patterns have major implications on consumer goods industries. Now, most of the purchases are centered on basic needs specially health and nutrition for general well-being. In present situation, consumers are fascinated towards health and immunity boosters. Personal health and hygiene has become a top priority of the people.People are changing their buying preferences based on global circumstances, the product categories being purchased are also changing. The market is also flooded with immunity boosters especially Ayurvedic products, hygiene and sanitizing solutions.. The most important change that this pandemic has brought in the consumer behavior is that they are now moving from reactive to proactive mindsets and because of Ayurveda there will surely a sales boost in those kind of products as consumer focus and priorities shifting towards inner health and immunity. Major players in the Indian market include Dabur India Limited, Himalaya Drug Company Private Limited, Patanjali Ayurved Limited, Shree Baidyanath Ayurved Bhawan Private Limited, Charak Pharma Private Limited, Emami Limited, Vicco laboratories. These key players are building Ayurveda as a brand through their innovative marketing strategies and giving a boost to the Ayurveda sector. Before Covid, the situation goes the same for the companies but this pandemic makes a change in the concept of consumerism. Consumerism is also looking for new aspects as only dumping and increasing consumption of products is not the way for the future. Now consumers are more focused on saving money, saving health and saving for the future.One more new concept is emerging with it is adjusting to a New Normal which means a new way of living and going about our lives, work and interactions with other people. The factors that influence brand decisions are also changing as a "buy local" trend accelerates. Vocal for a local tagline has also created an emphasis on local products rather than wellestablished brands.Digital commerce has also seen a boost as new consumers migrate online for grocery shopping – a rise that is likely to be sustained post-outbreak. This paper focuses on the shift in buying behavior of consumer towards Ayurvedic products and changing marketing strategies of Ayurvedic companies specially Dabur in India in alignment with consumer preferences

Global Trends in Green Space and Senior Mental Health Studies: Bibliometric Review.

The Sustainable Development Goals and the World Health Organization have prioritized senior mental health as an important goal. Senior mental health is a critical issue within the global public health sphere. Notably, green spaces are a useful alternative for improving senior mental health. Many studies have focused on green space and senior mental health, especially on their connection and relationship. However, this research topic lacks a comprehensive and systematic review. Owing to the lack of critical reviews, this study clarified the trend, progress, status, and focus of studies on green spaces and senior mental health using bibliometric analysis of literature within the Web of Science database. The literature analysis within this study specifically focused on the following, including the country/region contribution analysis, institution contribution analysis, keyword analysis, and highly productive journal analysis. Furthermore, this study systematically recorded the content of green space and senior mental health, identified the gap that exists, and provided future frontier directions or issues for research. These contribute toward comprehending the progress and content of this research topic and further provide a guide, reference, and inspiration for possible future research.

Taiwan and the WHO: negotiating the deconstruction of racialized discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract Racialized and politicized discourses on individuals and countries have accompanied the emergence and spread of COVID-19. Adopting critical discourse analysis (CDA) and investigating the WHO's news releases, press conferences and the Taiwanese government's formal responses, this article examines three discursive events involving the deconstruction of racialized discourses during the pandemic by the WHO, the WHO's Director-General and Taiwan. Specifically, I focus on the following: the WHO's calls on the international community to cease using the term ‘China virus’; Dr Ghebreyesus' calls on Taiwan to cease leveling racist insults against the Black community; and the Taiwanese government's refutation of racist allegations by deconstructing racialized meanings and highlighting its marginal status in the global health system due to international politics. The findings demonstrate the different ways each subject framed moral and immoral practice, highlighted or downplayed racialized discourse, and applied moral vs immoral distinction to manipulate and reinforce the audience's thoughts. This article contributes to the field of international relations and its connection with racism by showing how racial injustices ‘travel’ between places and are negotiated and re-politicized in the global health sphere.

Achieving Sustainable Occupational Safety: Bridging Up Terminological Gaps

The article is devoted to the study of gaps in terminology in the language pair English- Russian thematically belonging to the sphere of occupational safety and health which derive from the differences in understanding the key concepts in two linguocultures. The authors believe that slow development of international cooperation in the sphere of occupational safety prevents the sustainable development of global economy as it hampers the exchange of experience and working out a common policy in dealing with occupational safety-related issues. On the material of thematic glossaries, standards of occupational safety and health in two languages the authors develop concept fields spotting terminological gaps and substantiating the causes of their existence, among which linguocultural factors are of primary importance. Further analysis aimed at the development of a bilingual occupational safety and health glossary will allow finding the most productive ways of interpreting the key terms in the languages under study, which will be beneficial both for the promotion of international cooperation in the sphere of occupational safety and health and sustainable development of global economy.

Sociocultural health code as a methodological approach to social studies in the field of healthcare

The social and cultural causation of behavior in relation to health is beyond doubt among scientists. Numerous studies were carried out in this field. However, a unified approach that fully takes into account both the role of culture and the social factors of health-saving behavior still needs to be developed. We propose to turn to the methodology of the sociocultural health code of ethnic and corporate communities, which is based on the idea of culture as a semiotic information system that serves as the basis for social determinants of health. The sociocultural health code should be understood as a set of symbolic means and their meanings (connotations), which allow accumulating, preserving and transmitting information about the sphere of health. The introduction of this concept involves an integrated approach that helps determining the causes of societal actions and predicting behavior in various situations by analyzing and interpreting information markers characteristic of the society under study.

Post-WWII Purge and the Changes in the City Administration in the Territory of Southern Slovakia: A Case Study of Košice

The paper addresses the changes in the city administration after the Second World War related to the process of purge in the territory of southern Slovakia, which between 1938 and 1945 was ceded to Hungary. I intend to examine the changes in the city administration of Košice, a city located on the Hungarian–Slovak ethnic border. Its inhabitants were confronted with anti-Hungarian policies after the war, handled by the local authorities – the members of the Administrative Commission and the National Committee. These members possessed extensive competences concerning the confi scation of the property of “Germans, Hungarians, traitors and collaborators”, land reform, the purge of public and political life, the establishment of national administrations, the restoration and reconstruction of the national economy and tasks in the social and health spheres. This also included legal measures against public and civil servants of Hungarian and German nationality, adopted by the Slovak National Council. In my research, I intend to answer a number of questions: How did the local authorities deal with the civil servants? Which civil servants were dismissed and which remained in place? What criteria were important for them to remain in their posts? Why did some of them continue to work for the city? In addition, how did the loyalty of these civil servants to the restored Czechoslovakia change?

Mediatization of health in the Russian blogosphere

Due the fast development of information and communication technologies, social reality is increasingly transforming into a special media space, permeated with a variety of channels and means of communication. Its characteristic features include such as: the convergence of virtual and real, public and private, networking of social interactions, a certain media language, plurality of content and special media technologies for its construction and broadcasting, which allow to effectively influence a wide audience of new media. Modern media extend their transformative ability to all spheres of public life, influencing their institutional, regulatory and legal structure and established practices. The health sphere is not an exception. Under the conditions of mediatization, health is considered as a media product. The image of health and its maintenance practices constructed by modern media set certain attitudes and patterns of perception of health risks, diseases and ways to prevent them, which, in the process of their articulation through sedimentation and internalization, form social representations and behavior of the population in the field of health. At the same time, these samples often have an ambivalent and even destructive influence. Blogs are one of the dominant media consumption formats today. The article presents an analysis of mediatization of health on the base of studying the Russian blogosphere.

Perinatal Mental Health in Hamilton and Montreal

Mental health concerns experienced by individuals during or up to one year after pregnancy fall under the umbrella of perinatal mental health. Estimates suggest that one in five people will experience a perinatal mental illness at some point during their pregnancy or up to one year postpartum. Racialized individuals with low socioeconomic status are at an increased risk to perinatal mental health. Perinatal mental illness is becoming an incredibly relevant topic in the sphere of public health and policy. Recently, the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care released a recommendation against screening individuals for depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period (up to 1 year after childbirth), stating that there is low certainty of evidence for such screening measures. This received backlash, with groups like the Canadian Perinatal Mental Health Collaborative (CPMHC) speaking out. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and the Minister of Mental Health and Addictions aim to “ensure timely access to perinatal mental health services”, as identified in a recent mandate letter. Given its current salience, this piece seeks to explore perinatal mental health programs in Ontario and Quebec, critically analyze their effectiveness, and suggest future areas of improvement.

ОСНОВНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ФИЗИЧЕСКОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КАЗАХСТАН

The development of physical culture and sports is one of the priority areas of the state social policy, implemented in the educational, health, cultural, national, youth, and international spheres. The urgency of the problem is also determined by the need to understand the current situation in the development of physical culture and sports in the Republic of Kazakhstan at various levels. Physical culture and sports contribute to the formation of the internal and external image of the state, the patriotic feelings of the people. In this regard, consideration of the main directions of development of physical culture and sports in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the historical and pedagogical aspect seems to be extremely relevant. This article analyzes the current state, trends and prospects of research activities in the country’s physical education, substantiates the need for a comprehensive application of the achievements of related sciences to create a scientific and technical base for innovative technologies in the field of physical culture and sports. Modern vectors and world standards for the formation of a national system of physical culture staffing in accordance with the trends in physical education, as well as the creation of innovative educational institutions for the training of physical education specialists, the formation of a network of children’s sports schools, rural sports complexes, social and cultural centers of physical development are considered. The axiological vectors of the development of physical culture and sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan have been updated in accordance with promising areas in physical education; humanization of national education on the basis of value orientations in a healthy lifestyle of every person. In this regard, the necessity of designing a system for training future specialists, considering the analysis of national experience to create a scientific and technical base for the implementation of innovative technologies in the field of physical culture and sports, is emphasized.

A reimagined One Health framework for wildlife conservation

Abstract The One Health discourse is dominated by the role of animal health as a determinant of human health. This discourse often disregards the intrinsic and ecological value of healthy animals and is thus an inadequate framing for wildlife conservation. Our paper reimagines One Health for conservation purposes based on five premises: (i) health is cumulative; (ii) there are multiple species with different health needs and goals in the same setting; (iii) One Health emphasizes “bundled” relationships unique to a setting, rather than independent and intersecting spheres of health; and One Health should be (iv) equity informed and (v) have a shared goal that can be achieved through intersectoral actions. The reimagined framework is centered on the guiding principle that all actions should ensure no species or generation is prevented from reaching good health by the actions to protect other species or generations. Grounded in the positive outcome of health equity, the framework uses three prompts to guide One Health planning – populations, places and goals. The paper discusses how the framework can be applied for research concerning wood bison herds under imminent threat in Canada.

Sex Education: A Review of Sexual Behaviors in Sub-Saharan African Adolescent

Adolescence is an intermediate stage in life when fast bodily growth and development and sexual evolution leads to one’s physical ability to reproduce. Adolescents are “young people ranging from 10 to 19 years of age”. At this stage of development, the health status of the adolescent or young adult can be affected adversely based on their communion with the environment and people around them. The sexual health of adolescents and young adults is of utmost concern in the public health sphere around the globe due to the increasing cases of sexually transmitted infections and high pregnancy rates among single teenagers. A considerable number of adolescents worldwide are sexually active, and this percentage is steadily increasing from mid to late adolescents. The sexual activities of this age group vary both by gender and region. According to the world health organization, in their report published in 2011, early commencement of sexual activities results in an upsurge in the rate of exposure of adolescents to Sexually Transmitted Infections and unwanted pregnancies.