Family Sphere Research Articles

Proporsionalitas Penetapan Ancaman Sanksi Pidana Dalam Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 2004 Tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga

Proportionality in the criminal sanctions formulation policy in this research is the criminal sanctions for perpetrators of criminal acts of violence against women which need to receive full attention from legislators in determining criminal sanctions policies. This is due to preventing violations of individual rights and as a barrier for legislators in imposing criminal sanctions for offenses. The focus of the problem in this research is the practice of developing violence against women in the family sphere during the Covid-19 pandemic and an analysis of the proportionality of determining the threat of criminal sanctions in Law no. 23 of 2004 on the Elimination of Domestic Violence. The type of research used is normative legal research. The approach used is conceptual and statutory. The research results showed that the level of violence in the domestic realm tends to be higher than in the public realm, as in 2021 the domestic realm experienced an increase of 4% compared to 2020. In 2020 violence against women was around 75%, while in 2021 it rose to 79% or 6,480 cases. The results of the proportionality analysis of criminal sanctions in the law are based on the principle of parity contained in ordinal proportionality, namely that a person is punished or sentenced in proportion to the level of seriousness of the crime or violation, reflecting the existence of parity, rank ordering, spacing of penalties from Articles 44 to 49.

Post-Script

We all know that conflict creates displacement. Life becomes untenable in different ways, and people are forced to move; the majority ending up as internally displaced people within the nation-state, while others wind up in refugee camps in neighboring countries, and a very few seek asylum in faraway places. The recent war in Ukraine and the conflict in Syria since 2011 seemingly fit into this classical conception of why and how people are displaced. Sudden violent events forced them to run for their lives. Often, we perceive the flight as a one-way movement in space and time, as people move from hot spaces in search of cool ground. However, the journeys are most often more complicated—even in seemingly straightforward cases like Ukraine and Syria. Decisions to move are made gradually, in steps and at times in leaps, sometimes stopping along the way, at other times being temporarily reversed, as individuals and families continue to engage with the conflict, assessing its potential to diffuse, escalate or morph into something else (Bredeloup 2012; Collyer and de Haas 2012). This collection engages closely with these processes as they unfold in the intimate sphere of family and friends while keeping in mind that the conflict in Syria is still there and it still plays an active role in displaced Syrians’ present lives and plans for futures.

Forging a Habsburg Islamic Legal System: Legal Transformation and Local Agency in Habsburg Bosnia and Herzegovina (1878-1918)

The integration of Islamic law into the Habsburg administration in Bosnia and Herzegovina following the 1878 occupation marked a significant shift in the existing Islamic legal system. This paper examines the impacts of the legal reforms implemented by the Austro-Hungarian government, focusing on the agency of local qāḍīs and plaintiffs in the process. The Habsburg bureaucracy reduced the application of Islamic law to the private sphere of family and marriage and established a two-tier court system, including a Supreme Sharia Court in Sarajevo, under state control. The analysis suggests that the integration of the Sharia courts into the Habsburg administration began a process of translation of legal norms, knowledge, values, and practices, resulting in a unique blend of Ottoman Islamic legal practices and Habsburg legal structures and values. The paper argues that this created new opportunities for legal claim-making by local plaintiffs.

INFLUENCE OF PERSONALITY OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS OF THE UZBEK POPULATION ON MANIFESTATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEUROCIRCULATORY DYSTONIA

The relevance of studying the personality characteristics of children with vegetative vascular dystonia (VVD) is dictated by the fact that many psychosomatic disorders (ischemic and hypertension diseases, bronchial asthma, gastric ulcer and 12 bc, neurodermatitis, etc.) originate in childhood and their primary manifestations are vegetative disorders. According to the literature, among the children with non-communicable diseases who go to the doctor, 50-75% are patients with VVD. Purpose of the study. Study of the influence of the mental state and personality characteristics of patients on the manifestations and development of NCD in children and adolescents of the Uzbek population. Material and methods. We studied 43 patients with NCD (18 boys and 25 girls) aged 7 to 16 years with hypotonic, hypertensive and cardiac types. In the examined group of patients with NCD, children with hypertensive (46.5%) type prevailed. Patients (39.5%) were diagnosed with hypotonic NCD, and in 14 patients with cardiac type. For the study of individual - typological and personal characteristics of children, in addition to clinical and pedagogical observations, traditional experimental - psychological methods were used, allowing the most differentiated approach to the analysis of the personality of a sick child. The results of the study were subjected to variational-statistical processing: mean values (X), standard deviation (T) and its errors (+m), testing hypotheses from the normal distribution were tested by Student's t-test. Conducted correlation and dispersion analysis according to the program. Results: patients with NCD are characterized by a pronounced increase in emotional stress, difficulty in making interpersonal contacts and contributing to the violation of the psycho-vegetative regulation of the individual. The predominance of the desire for well-mannered forms of behavior, combined with conscious self-control, prevents the reaction of negative emotions, which contributed to the long-term preservation of emotional stress and further difficulties in adaptation. Patients with NCD usually had combinations of disharmonious personality traits, which led to the appearance of intrapsychic conflicts between dominant and mutually exclusive types of needs. The actual mental state of children with NDC determined by the Kettell method as a whole manifests itself as a personality of a highly neurotic response, which confirms the connection between NDC and personality traits. Conclusions: These intrapsychic conflicts underlay violations of social adaptation in the school and family spheres, and also prevented psycho-vegetative adaptation, which manifested itself in psychopathological and vegetative-somatic disorders in this disease.

COMPARATIVE AGE FEATURES OF CLINIC AND PATHOGENETIC ASPECTS OF SCHOOL DISADAPTATION

Intensive processes of maturation of certain biological systems of the body in conjunction with an increase in the level of socio-psychological requirements for students, increase the possibility of psihotrauvmatik personality. The clinic manifestations and the main factors of pathogenesis of school disadaptation in the comparative-age aspect (7-11 years old, n = 950) and (12-17 years old, n = 550). More significant factors of risk together with the psycho - social ones (conditions of micro social sphere of family and school) are genetic and cerebral organic. The feature of found out by children and teenagers disadaptation is its massive somatisation, which charactrised by polymorph vegetative and visceral disorders in different organs and systems (digestive, skin, respiratory, moving, heart-vessel,secretory,endocrine) and paintful manifestation. Results. Thus, clinical and population-based studies conducted amonghealthy schoolchildren, revealed a greater incidence of children and adolescents with adjustment disorders (72%), among which is dominated by Grade III - a relative maladjustment. The most significant risk factors, along with psycho-social (micro social status of the family and school environment) are genetic and cerebro-organic. A feature of the identified children and adolescents maladjustment was its massive somatic, which was characterized by polymorphic vegetative-visceral disorders in various organs and systems (digestive, skin, respiratory, locomotor, cardiovascular, excretory, endocrine) and algic manifestations.

Interdisciplinarity and the essential concepts for identifying domestic and family violence in the Maria da Penha Law

Foundational concepts such as domestic and familial violence, require interdisciplinary instruments for the understanding and application of their meanings beyond those exclusively derived from the legal field. Considering this, through a qualitative approach and reflexive-exploratory analysis, the present article aims to identify the primary constitutive elements of Article 5 of the Maria da Penha Law, to reveal how interdisciplinarity is essential for the understanding of legal norms and the goods that the reference law aims to protect. To achieve this, situations were presented in which the concepts, treated interdisciplinary, must be applied, and in the end, brief considerations were presented on the importance of interdisciplinarity for the solution of problems that involve gender violence in the domestic and familial sphere.

Consequences of Shift Work and Night Work: A Literature Review.

Nonstandard work schedules such as shift work and night work tend to trigger problems for workers in different areas. To illustrate the diversity of areas affected and the relative interest of the scientific community, we conducted a literature review of the effects of shift work and night work on workers. In particular, we intended to identify the main variables addressed in the field of health, the family sphere, and the organizational context. The literature review was carried out using the Web of Science with the following terms: "shift work", "rotating shifts", and "night work". Inclusion criteria incorporated empirical studies and articles written in Portuguese or English published in 2019. We selected 129 of the 619 articles identified. Regarding the impacts of shift work and night work, there existed a high discrepancy of focus between the three defined areas: health, family life, and organizational context. Specifically, health-related variables were the most studied (83.4%), followed by organizational variables (9.2%), and, lastly, family variables (7.4%). Based on these results, it is essential to extend the study of the two underrepresented impacts to other crucial areas, not only for the worker but also for organizations.

NARASI OBJEKTIVASI PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL PEREMPUAN BATIH KARYA A.R. RIZAL

Women with various problems are very interesting to be discussed in studying a topic of discussion, because women are often marginalized. This becomes the cause and effect of the occurrence of various forms of a woman's struggle to maintain her existence and attracts it to become a topic of discussion. There are three scopes of aspects that are the focus of research related to the objectivation narrative of women in the novel Batih Women by A.R. Rizal, namely: (1) The objectivation narrative of women's existence in the novel Perempuan Batih by A.R. Rizal, (2) The objectivation narrative of women's position in the novel Perempuan Batih by A.R. Rizal, and (3) The objectivation narrative of the role of women in the novel Perempuan Batih by A.R. Rizal. This study aims to describe the objectivation narrative of women's existence in the novel Perempuan Batih by A.R. Rizal, describes the objectivation narrative of women's position in the novel Perempuan Batih by A.R. Rizal, and describes the objectivation narrative of the role of women in the novel Perempuan Batih by A.R. Rizal. Based on the results of the research, it shows that the objectivation narratives of women are divided into, 1) the objectivation narratives of women's existence which consist of views on the differences in women's positions, women's violence in terms of service in marriage, and women as men's subordinates. 2) narrative objectivation of women's position which consists of position as an individual, position in the family sphere, and position in the community sphere. 3) objectivation narratives of women's roles consisting of women's roles from a biological or environmental tradition and women's roles from their position as individuals and not as husband's assistants.

‘WHERE CIVIL BLOOD MAKES CIVIL HANDS UNCLEAN’: THE MODEL OF STASIS IN SALLUST

AbstractThe following paper proposes that Sallust offers a conceptualization of civil conflict more in line with the Greek paradigm of stasis than with its Roman counterpart bellum ciuile. In doing so, it argues for the actual coexistence of these two differentiated conceptual strands in the political thought of the Late Republic. To this end, Sallust's corpus is analysed to identify the main threads that articulate civil strife in its multifarious manifestations: how it arises and who its protagonists are or, conversely, how it is kept in check, how it is connected to the human passions that drive ideology, and the violence that stems from the clash between political and familial spheres of influence. The article shows how the pathos of familial drama is what characterizes civil conflict for Sallust, rather than the struggle for legitimacy found in Cicero's narrative.

Marco constitucional latinoamericano. Principios rectores de la regulación del factor religioso y status de la mujer en el ámbito familiar

Latin American constitutional context. Principles guiding the regulation of the religious factor and the status of women in the family sphere
 ABSTRACT: Bearing in mind the importance of constitutions in the field of legal systems, and being interested in knowing the legal status of women in the geographical area of Latin America, I turned to the constitutions of the countries in that area, starting from the analysis of the models of treatment of the religious fact chosen by the drafters of the constitutions and trying to locate the possible influence of these in the shaping of the rights of women considered as a fundamental part of the family.

Oral Traditions of Taur-Taur and Forms of Local Wisdom in the Maragad Activities of Simalungun Community

Oral tradition is a part of culture that is spread and passed down traditionally from one generation to the next in a different version. The presentation is in the form of oral which can be accompanied by examples of actions and reminder aids. The Simalungun community have an oral tradition, one of them is taur-taur, which is an oral tradition in the form of poetry or song that is sung when the manggar enau is tapping. This oral tradition is associated with the legend of the growth of enau trees in Simalungun. With the growth of enau trees (Arenga pinnata), maragad activities has come, namely tapping enau sap. The Simalungun people called enau as bagod. Before taking sap from an enau tree, there is a tradition that carried out by tappers, namely humming in a sad and mournful tone (taur-taur). The community believes that this tradition must be carried out if you want the enau tree to put out a lot of water. In this series of activities, the various local wisdoms that has come and needed to be revitalized. To revitalize local traditions and wisdom, an appropriate research is carried out, namely the research of oral traditions and local wisdom. This research discusses about the form, function, and meaning of taur-taur, performance (components, stages, symbols), and local wisdom contained in the maragad tradition. The method used in analyzing the problem is a qualitative method with field research techniques. There are two theories applied, namely the theory of oral tradition and the theory of local wisdom. As stated by Finnegan, it is stated that maragad activities are passed down from generation to generation without experiencing significant changes, traditions are conveyed with guidance, direction, and practice within the family sphere, this oral tradition is carried out in stages. Meanwhile, the forms of local wisdom that found in the maragad oral tradition include helping, mutual cooperation, discipline, gratitude, hard work, honesty, gender management, preservation and creativity, culture, positive thinking, and education. Keywords: oral tradition, taur-taur, maragad, and local wisdom

Psychosocial characteristics of patients in a cosmetology clinic: results of a non-sample study

The relevance of the study is determined by the rapid development of medical cosmetology, which, unlike plastic surgery, has not been studied at all in psychological and sociological terms, although the effect of facial skin defects on the emotional state, social success, quality of life is beyond doubt, and their elimination significantly affects psychological well-being. patients. A practicing dermatologist-cosmetologist conducted a non-selective clinical and socio-psychological study of 188 patients (mean age 39.12+0.81 years) of a cosmetology clinic. The author’s structured interview and the medico-sociological scale «Level of social frustration» were used. According to 50 parameters, women with mild, moderate and significant severity of cosmetic problems were compared. Statistical methods of analysis were used (Pearson’s χ2 and ANOVA). An analysis of clinical data showed a relationship between the severity of a facial skin defect and its nature (symptoms), age, comorbid pathology, and treatment efficacy. Social positions (educational and labor status, nature of professional activity), significant spheres of personal relations (to oneself, to persons of the opposite sex, family relations, the presence and nature of mental trauma) were studied. Among the psychological and social characteristics, the characteristics of the family sphere, the reasons for visiting the clinic, and the patient›s subjective assessment of the impact of the cosmetic problem on the quality of life have a statistical relationship with the severity of the cosmetic problem and the age of the patients. The results are compared with the data of modern world literature. The limitations of the study associated with the use of non-standardized methods, which are relevant, however, to the tasks of a screening non-selective survey, are noted. The prospects for further studies of patients of the clinic for non-surgical correction of appearance using psychometric (standardized) methods are outlined.

Work-family conflict among hotel housekeepers in the Balearic Islands (Spain).

The massive incorporation of women to the labour market has increased academic and applied interest on work-life issues throughout the years. This article aims to describe the domestic burden and difficulties in work-life balance (WLB) and to understand the intersection of work and family spheres among hotel housekeepers (HHs). A cross-sectional study was conducted through Primary Health Care in the Balearic Islands (Spain); 1,043 HHs were enrolled. 56.7% reported difficulties in WLB. Risk factors for perceiving difficulties in WLB were: living with someone else (regardless of the number of co-habitants), having difficulties making ends meet, being the main person in charge of domestic tasks, having a dependant, having an external locus of control, presenting higher levels of stress at work, working more hours a week and being younger. Protective factors from experiencing work-family conflict (WFC) were job and wage satisfaction. WFC is strongly influenced by individual, economic, labour and domestic factors: these relationships show that labour and domestic spheres are non-separate worlds.

Parental leave in the system of socio-economic processes: a theoretical review

Parental leave is one of the most important components in the structure of family policy in most developed countries. In foreign practice, three types of leaves are available: maternity leave, paternity leave and parental leave. The researchers note that development of the leave policy has a favorable economic, social and demographic effect. For this reason, the issue of leaves is becoming more and more popular every year and attracts attention of a wide range of scientists. Nevertheless, in the domestic scientific literature, the phenomenon of parental leave remains practically unexplored. This article is devoted to the study of the impact of parental leave on other socioeconomic processes — employment, gender equality and fertility — and related areas of government policy. Exploring this relationship, the author notes positive impact of paternity leave and paternity quotas on the distribution of responsibilities between men and women in the professional and family spheres of life. The positive economic effects from the use of parental leave as one of the tools to protect workers in the labor market are described. These effects consist mainly in increasing the employment rate of women and reducing the wage gap between men and women. In addition, the impact of parental leave on the birth rate is considered—on the one hand, the use of paternity leave stimulates parents for subsequent childbearing, on the other hand, opportunity costs increase, which negatively affect the reproductive attitudes of mothers. The author draws a conclusion about the relationship between parental leave policy and other areas of state policy — employment policy, gender equality policy and demographic policy. In the author's opinion, the discovered relationship indicates the importance of the issue of parental leave and the need to study it in Russia.

The Role of Memorizing the Holy Qur'an in Relieving Psychological Pressures an Applied Analytical Study of the Prophet's Hadith (The Example of the Believer Who Reads the Qur'an)

The Holy Quran is the book revealed by the God Almighty, to guide human beings and reform the life of individuals and the Muslim community in all aspects of life, and to have a great place in them as the word of God. The Muslim knows that reading and memorizing the Qur'an is a reason for its higher rank in the highest place in the presence of the Lord of the two Worlds. He accepts Iqbal al-Muhabib, who requests more knowledge, recitation, reflection, and memorization. He preferred to remember the Holy Qur'an and recite it many times in the talks of the Prophet (the example of a believer who reads the Qur'an as an example), hence the idea of our research to see the importance of the Qur'an for the Muslims in alleviating psychological stress, as it appeared that the psychological field ranked first, and the social and family spheres received the same rank. In other words, memorizing the Qur'an is directly proportional to the amount of memorization. The greater the amount of memorization, the less the person will suffer from psychological stress.
 Keywords: the Holy Qur'an, the Prophet's hadith, relieving psychological stress.

Born or not: A moderated mediation model of the relationship between work-family conflict and female employees' wellbeing based on fertility intention during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The previous academic research on work-family conflict mainly focused on the relevant elements in the work field. This study concludes that elements of the family domain have a significant impact on the relationship between work-family conflict and employee wellbeing. Female employees' perceptions of wellbeing largely depend on their willingness to have children when they take on family roles. During COVID-19, employees had more time to fulfill both work and family roles in the family sphere due to the epidemic blockade, the contribution of the female employee's significant other (husband) in family matters had a significant impact on Fertility intention. This study using SPSS 24.0 AMOS 20.0 and M plus 7.4 statistical analysis tools to test the proposed hypotheses. In the paired data of 412 working female employees and husbands of Chinese dual-earner families with different occupational backgrounds, hypothesis testing results support that female employees' work → family conflict is negatively related to female employees' fertility intentions, and female employees' fertility intentions are positively related to wellbeing; female employees' family → work conflict is negatively related to female employees' wellbeing; husband's flexible work stress is negatively related to husband's share of housework; husband's share of housework moderated the front, rear and overall mediating effects by the fertility intention. When formulating policies, the managers should consider not only the direct effects of policies, but also the indirect effects that policies may have on other family members of employees. Managers should develop management policies during an epidemic that are more responsive to the actual needs of employees during an epidemic. The management of female employees should give due consideration to the family status of female employees and the enterprises should recognize the importance of childcare for female employees.

Triangulation and violence in the Caribbean: Crimes retold from a Curaçaoan juvenile detention centre

In a special issue in Ethnography, the question was raised how to study violence ethnographically in Latin America and the Caribbean. The present article seeks to extend this special issue with reflections on how to study different forms of violence ‘after the fact’, based on fieldwork at a juvenile detention centre in Curaçao in 2019 and 2020. We present intersubjectively realistic accounts of violence in the family sphere. These accounts came into being by means of two acts of empirical triangulation: (1) looking at violent episodes through the eyes of different people involved and (2) contrasting the counterstories that emerged from this with the detention centre’s case files that construct particular images of the detained youth and their family members. We end the article with critical reflections on our own unwitting contribution to the production of silence, which frustrated the youth’s counterstories.

Imprensa, divórcio e casamento: o papel da mulher na família moderna (1910-1950)

This article seeks to understand the positions of three Rio de Janeiro journals, Careta, Fon-Fon and O Malho, in terms of a woman’s role in the concept of the “modern family” during the first half of the twentieth century, whether as a daughter, wife, or mother. Based on the concept of modern patriarchy, we seek to understand the new forms of patriarchy in republican Brazil and how these affected women’s behavior, their everyday lives in the family sphere and in social and power dynamics in private and public spaces, during this period of accelerated change. Based on this analysis, we consider how the press reported to its readers on marriages and separations and how it presented female desire through divorce.

KONSELING KELOMPOK DALAM MEMBANGUN KEPERCAYAAN SISWA TERHADAP PENTINGNYA PENDIDIKAN PEREMPUAN DI SMA PESANTREN AL-IN’AM BANJAR TIMUR GAPURA

Women’s education is the most important foundation for a nation in the formation of a brilliant generation. Therefore, women’s education needs attention and is synergistic in various components of education that can be involved both formal and informal both in school, the family sphere and the sphere public. The purpose of this research was to find out the application of group counseling in building women’s education in school and how the influence of the application of group counseling carried out at SMAP Al-In’am Banjar Timur. The type of research used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, the process of collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation. A series of research processes that the researchers went through, this study found that from group counseling carried out by the counseling theacher, it made students have the enthusiasm to continue school, strengthened each other between group members, the student were not inferior, and most importantly they were able to work together in solving other life problems member. This can be seen from the increasing number of female students of continue on to tertiary instituations or continue to the salaf.

Protocolo diagnóstico de la somnolencia diurna excesiva

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common symptom that indicates the inability to remain alert during the day, an irresistible need to sleep, spontaneous daytime sleep, or prolonged nighttime sleep. EDS is a cause of functional impairment in the school, work, social, or family sphere as well as traffic accidents and cardiovascular risk. Therefore, it must be identified and treated. The most common cause of EDS is sleep deprivation. Other causes are toxic, drug, psychiatric disorders (depression), medical problems (obesity, hypothyroidism), primary sleep disorders (obstructive sleep apneas), or central hypersomnias (type 1 and 2 narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia, or Kleine-Levin syndrome). With a detailed case history, it can be verified whether there is a known and treatable cause, although performing a sleep study is usually necessary to confirm the diagnosis. This document proposes an algorithm for an evaluation in the clinic, indications for additional tests in a sleep laboratory, and the management of these disorders.