Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Speed Research Articles

NIPPF versus ANIPPF controller outcomes on semi-direct drive cutting transmission system in a shearer

Nonlinear integral positive position feedback (NIPPF) and adaptive nonlinear integral positive position feedback (ANIPPF) controllers are used in a shearer's semi-direct drive cutting transmission system, which is powered by a low speed and high torque permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The transmission system's torsional vibration characteristics were investigated with internal parameter and external cutting load excitation changes caused by harmonic force. In the case of primary and 1:1 internal resonance, an analytic solution is obtained by employing the averaging technique to solve the nonlinear differential equations and modeling the system with NIPPF and ANIPPF controllers. The Poincare portraits were created to imagine how the PMSM would behave around their fixed points. A good match is found when the approximate solutions are compared to the numerical simulations via the Runge–Kutta method fourth-order (RK4). The linearized stability strategy is used to ensure stability near fixed points in the autonomous system. Before and after control, the steady-state amplitude and stability of nonlinear systems were investigated and analyzed. Optimal system operation conditions and frequency response curves (FRCs) were examined at various controller and system parameter values. Numerous system characteristics were found to have an effect after being combined with NIPPF and ANIPPF. The numerical and analytical solutions at time-history and FRCs were compared using the MATLAB program to confirm their comparability. This study's findings were compared to those found in the literature. We conclude from this analysis that the ANIPPF controller provides the best system control. The calculations also revealed that ANIPPF is the most effective controller. Finally, the controls suppress the system's vibration amplitude and chaos motion. The outcomes of this study were used to develop a theoretical foundation for the shearer semi-direct drive cutting transmission system's design and construction.

Adaptive constrained generalized predictive controller for the PMSM speed servo system to reduce the effect of different load torques

Fractional-order models have been used in recent years to model the number of processes and applications like boilers, supercapacitors, power electronic devices, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) speed servo systems, and batteries in many papers. In this paper DC motor equivalent fractional-order model is used to model the PMSM speed servo system. This model has two parts: The electrical part and the Mechanical part. Every aspect has a fractional-order differential equation with an independent fractional order parameter. Its real value is unknown, but its span is evident. To specify the model stability region and to simulate it, the fractional model is approximated with a recursive (Oustaloup) filter. In this work, the PMSM motor's speed is controlled by applying the adaptive recursive least squares (RLS-based) constrained generalized predictive controller (GPC) over the system with unknown model order and in the presence of two types of loads: constant load torque, sinusoidal load. In the last section, adaptive constrained generalized predictive controller (AGPC) has been implemented on the real system. Experimental results also show this controller performance.

Transfer Mechanism Analysis of Injected Voltage Harmonic and its Effect on Current Harmonic Regulation in FOC PMSM

Harmonic injection method is widely used in the suppression of current harmonic and torque ripple in field-oriented control (FOC) permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) servo system. However, under some working conditions of FOC PMSM, the harmonic injection method fails to suppress the current harmonics and causes oscillation. To analyze the cause of oscillation, the transfer mechanism of injected voltage harmonic is analyzed in this article, and the relation between injected voltage harmonic and current harmonic is derived. The theoretical analysis results show that the relation between harmonics will change with motor speed and parameters of FOC PMSM. When the relation between harmonics is reversed, the existing harmonic injection method will fail and cause harmonic oscillation. To solve this problem, a simple improvement of the harmonic injection method is proposed in this article based on the proposed close-loop model. The correctness of the mathematical derivation and the effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated by experiment and simulation.

Solar power-driven permanent magnet synchronous motor coupled with pump load: design, development and control

This paper presents design, development and control of solar photovoltaic (SPV) supply system for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) driven pump load. The proposed system is very effective in curtailing power demand on existing grid supply on highly dense population areas. An incremental conductance method followed by sliding mode control scheme is used to track SPV array maximum power point (MPP) and vary the speed of the PMSM accordingly under the change in atmospheric conditions. The direct torque control (DTC), voltage source inverter (VSI) is employed to control the PMSM speed and to achieve stable operating point. A prototype of single stage SPV supply-based PMSM coupled with DC machine is developed in laboratory for emulating the centrifugal pump characteristics. Performances under different environmental and operating conditions are obtained on the developed prototype to prove the efficacy of the proposed control.

Position and speed estimation for high speed permanent magnet synchronous motors using wideband synchronous fundamental-frequency extraction filters

Position and speed estimation for high speed permanent magnet synchronous motors using wideband synchronous fundamental-frequency extraction filters

Multilevel Inverter fed Direct Torque and Flux Control‐Space Vector Modulation of Speed Sensorless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor drive with Improved Steady State and Dynamic Characteristics

AbstractIn this paper, multilevel inverter (MLI) fed direct torque and flux control with space vector modulation (DTFC‐SVM) of speed sensorless permanent‐magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive is proposed to improve the steady‐state and dynamic performance characteristics with less torque and flux ripples. In the DTFC‐SVM technique, the speed of PMSM drive is regulated by controlling stator flux and electromagnetic torque directly and independently. The MLIs further extend the performance characteristics of motor drive with reduced electromagnetic torque ripple and improved dynamics. Further, the robustness and reliability of drive system is improved by implementing the speed estimation control technique to eliminate the speed sensor usage. The model reference adaptive system (MRAS)‐based speed estimator is used to estimate the PMSM speed. The proposed method is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment using two‐level, three‐level, and five‐level inverter under different operating conditions, respectively. The proposed method with five‐level inverter gives very less ripples in electromagnetic torque and stator flux which consequences excellent steady‐state and dynamic performance of drive. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method is validated by implementing hardware prototype and comparing simulation results with the experimental results.

Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Controllers for PMSM Speed Regulation System Considering the Speed Filter

In the permanent magnet synchronous motor speed regulation system, the dynamic performance of the conventional active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) system will be deteriorated by using a low bandwidth speed filter. To solve this problem, two ADRC controllers considering the speed measurement noise are proposed in this article. One proposed ADRC system is based on the extended state observer (ESO), the other proposed ADRC system is based on phase-locking loop observer (PLLO). In the proposed two ADRC systems, an integrator is employed as the speed filter so that the measured position can be directly used for observing the speed and disturbance without speed calculation. Meanwhile, by using an integrator as the speed filter, the dynamic performance of the proposed ESO-based ADRC system is not affected since it is independent of the speed filter, and the proposed PLLO-based ADRC system has a better rejection ability for the low-frequency disturbance. Experimental results validate the proposed methods.

Adaptive backstepping controller design based on neural network for PMSM speed control

<span lang="EN-US">The aim of this research is the speed tracking of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) using an intelligent Neural-Network based adapative backstepping control. First, the model of PMSM in the Park synchronous frame is derived. Then, the PMSM speed regulation is investigated using the classical method utilizing the field oriented control theory. Thereafter, a robust nonlinear controller employing an adaptive backstepping strategy is investigated in order to achieve a good performance tracking objective under motor parameters changing and external load torque application. In the final step, a neural network estimator is integrated with the adaptive controller to estimate the motor parameters values and the load disturbance value for enhancing the effectiveness of the adaptive backstepping controller. The robsutness of the presented control algorithm is demonstrated using simulation tests. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that the presented NN-adaptive control algorithm can provide good trackingperformances for the speed trackingin the presence of motor parameter variation and load application.</span>

Sensorless Control of PMSM Based on Backstepping-PSO-Type Controller and ESO-Type Observer Using Real-Time Hardware

In the case of using a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) linear model of limited-range parametric variations and of relatively low dynamic of the load torque, the Field Oriented Control (FOC) type strategy ensures good performance of the PMSM control. Therefore, when using a non-linear model of wide-range parametric variations and of high dynamic of the load torque, a backstepping-type controller is proposed, whose tuning parameters are optimized by using a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. By designing an Extended State Observer (ESO), which provides a good estimate of the PMSM rotor position and speed under uncertainty conditions and with a response time shorter than that of the backstepping-type controller, this observer can be incorporated into the PMSM sensorless control system. The superior performance of the proposed sensorless control system based on the backstepping-PSO-type controller and an ESO-type observer is demonstrated through numerical simulations. Given that the real-time implementation of the control algorithms and observers in an embedded system is a difficult task, consisting of several steps, it is presented after the numerical simulations, which can be assimilated into the Software-in-the-Loop (SIL) step, the Processor-in-the-Loop (PIL) intermediate step, and the Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) final step. A comparison between the backstepping-PSO-type controller and the PI-PSO-type controller is presented by means of the real-time implementation of these controllers and demonstrates the superiority of the backstepping-PSO-type controller.

SPMSM Sliding Mode Control Based on the New Super Twisting Algorithm

To achieve the high-performance control of the surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) speed control system, this paper proposes a high-order sliding mode control strategy based on a new super twisting algorithm (NSTA). This strategy introduces an adaptive term in its proportional term based on the original super twisting algorithm, which solves low reaching speed and poor antidisturbance ability due to the square root calculation of proportional term in the original super twisting algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can effectively improve the system’s response speed and antidisturbance and greatly suppress the chattering phenomenon of traditional sliding mode control.

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Speed Control Based on Improved Active Disturbance Rejection Control

An improved active disturbance rejection control (I-ADRC) to improve the disturbance attenuation of a permanent magnet synchronous motor speed controller was proposed in this paper. A nonlinear function with improved smoothness was adopted to design the controller. The Lyapunov stability of the improved tracking differentiator, the improved extended state observer, and the controller were analysed. Moreover, simulations and experiments confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed controller. The results demonstrate that the proposed controller has a smaller steady-state error and a stronger disturbance attenuation ability than the proportional integral derivative (PID) controller.

Improved Auto Disturbance Rejection Control Based on Moth Flame Optimization for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

AbstractIn this paper, an improved auto disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) is applied to permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) speed control system. Specifically, the improved ADRC is proposed to solve the defect that the nonlinear function of traditional ADRC is not differentiable at the piecewise point. In addition, considering that there are numerous parameters to be optimized in ADRC, an improved moth‐flame optimization (MFO) is proposed to obtain ADRC parameters, and adaptive inertia weight coefficient and optimization mechanism based on the fusion of refraction operation and chaotic search are proposed to improve the convergence speed and optimization accuracy for MFO. Simulation and experimental results show that the improvement strategies proposed in this paper can increase the optimization performance for MFO algorithm effectively so that obtained more appropriative ADRC parameters. The improved ADRC can effectively improve the tracking control performance of PMSM speed control system. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Extended Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Speed Range Based on the Active and Reactive Power Control of Inverters

The paper proposes a new speed control method to improve control quality and expand the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors speed range. The Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) speed range enlarging is based on the newly proposed power control principle between two voltage sources instead of winding current control as the conventional Field Oriented Control method. The power management between the inverter and PMSM motor allows the Flux-Weakening obstacle to be overcome entirely, leading to a significant extension of the motor speed to a constant power range. Based on motor power control, a new control method is proposed and allows for efficiently reducing current and torque ripple caused by the imbalance between the power supply of the inverter and the power required through the desired stator current. The proposed method permits for not only an enhanced PMSM speed range, but also a robust stability in PMSM speed control. The simulation results have demonstrated the efficiency and stability of the proposed control method.

A Low Complexity Two Step Predictive Torque and Flux Control Scheme for PMSM Drive

Nowadays, finite control set model predictive control techniques are widely used for variable speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drive applications due to its simple, intuitive algorithm and easy inclusion of motor objectives. In conventional predictive torque control (PTC) method, both torque and flux are controlled by a cost function optimization, where it introduces weighting factors. The selection and tuning of weighting factors is difficult since it affects torque and flux performance of PMSM drive. In this article, a two-step PTC for PMSM drive is proposed, where the flux control objective is replaced with the reactive torque component. Therefore, optimal torque and flux controlling of PMSM is achieved with similar units for both control objectives. Hence, it eliminates weighting factor tuning problem and reduces the average torque and flux ripples over a two sample instants. Additionally, the reduced voltage vector strategy is proposed, so that increased computational efficiency is achieved. To validate the proposed methodology, simulations and experimental tests are conducted for three phase PMSM drive. The obtained simulation and experimental results justify an improved torque and flux response with reduced computational burden when compared to existing PTC methods.

Improved BP-NN Controller of PMSM for Speed Regulation

We have studied the speed regulation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) servo system in this paper. To optimize the PMSM servo system's speed-control performance with disturbances, a non-linear speed-control technique using a back-propagation neural network (BP-NN) algorithm for the controller design of the PMSM speed loop is introduced. To solve the slow convergence speed and easy to fall into the local minimum problem of BP-NN, we develope an improved BP-NN control algorithm by limiting the range of neural network outputs of the proportional coefficient Kp, integral coefficient Ki of the controller, and add adaptive gain factor β, that is the internal gain correction ratio. Compared with the conventional PI control method, our improved BP-NN control algorithm makes the settling time faster without static error, overshoot or oscillation. Simulation comparisons have been made for our improved BP-NN control method and the conventional PI control method to verify the proposed method's effectiveness.

Sürekli Mıknatıslı Senkron Motorun Hız Takip Sistemi için Uygun Kesirli PI Kontrolör Tasarımı ve Optimizasyonu

The use of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is increasing rapidly to meet the need to increase efficiency in variable speed drive systems used in the industry, in recent years. This paper aims to improve the speed control performance of the PMSM based systems. To achieve this, a PMSM speed controller is designed based on the conformable fractional order proportional integral (CFOPI) method. CFOPI controller coefficients kp, ki and γ are optimized using response surface method (RSM). To validate the success of the proposed scheme, the CFOPI controller and the integer order PI (IOPI) controller are tested under the same simulation model and the results are compared. The proposed method grants robust performance with less computational load then the classical fractional order controllers for variable referenced PMSM speed tracking systems. The CFOPI controller can be applied easily for industrial variable speed drive systems which is using PMSM to improve the performance and stability of the systems.

Five-Level Inverter Fed DTFC-SVM of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive

In this paper, a five-level diode clamped inverter fed DTFC-SVM of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drive is proposed for high power industrial applications. In Direct Torque and Flux Control with Space Vector Modulation (DTFC-SVM) technique, the speed of PMSM drive is regulated by controlling stator flux and electromagnetic torque directly and independently such that it abandons the use of direct torque control for PMSM Drive. The proposed multilevel inverter fed DTFC-SVM based PMSM drive gives very less ripples in stator flux and electromagnetic torque and also gives very less total harmonic distortion (THD) in the stator winding voltages and currents which consequences excellent dynamic and steady-state performance of drive. The five-level inverter switching pulses are designed using five-level space vector modulation (SVM) based on two-level SVM, so that it reduces the complexity of the SVM and also gives very good performance under all environmental conditions. The proposed model is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK software under various conditions, such as, No-load, load, reversal speed, and change in speed. In order to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model, it is also implemented in the experimental setup under various conditions.

An Improved MPCC Method Based on the Predictive Delay Error Analysis for PMSM Speed Control System

Taking permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) as the research object, the model predictive current control strategy (MPCC) was studied. In order to solve the shortcoming that the MPCC strategy depends on the motor prediction model, reduce the prediction error caused by MPCC and enhance the prediction accuracy of the system, an improved MPCC model was constructed by a two-step prediction method. At the same time, compared with the system based on Field-Oriented Control (FOC) and MPCC control and the system based on improved MPCC control, the proposed control strategy can make the PMSM run stably and efficiently, and reduce the torque ripple and the THD value of the three-phase stator resistance current. The simulation results show that the motor system controlled by the method can run stably, and then the correctness and effectiveness of the strategy are verified.

ANN Aided Speed Observer and Field Situated Sensor Less Controller for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Engine Drive

Sensorless speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) remains in progress to beat the prevailing drawbacks like speed ripples, torque ripples, and poor performance at low speeds with no ­load or lightly loaded conditions In this paper, Sensorless Field Oriented Control (FOC) system which is based on artificial neural network (ANN) implementation is proposed. The control system uses the ANN-aided Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) for speed estimation. Both the speed estimator and the controller of the proposed system use ANN-based implementations. The performance of the proposed system is analyzed for speed control of PMSM, for various speed and load torque values. The simulation results of the proposed ANN-based speed estimator and controller model demonstrate that the ANN-aided MRAS based estimator has the capability to enhance the performance of the system. Specifically, it reduces the overall complexity and initial speed overshoot by 1% as compared to the conventional controllers employed for PMSM speed control. It also achieves 0.002 rad/s improvements on the steady-state error with acceptable settling and rising time in its dynamic response.

A novel hierarchical nonlinear proportional-integral fast terminal sliding mode control for PMSM drives

This study proposes a novel hierarchical nonlinear proportional-integral fast terminal sliding mode (HNLPIFTSM) control for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) speed regulation system. A new type of sliding surface called HNLPIFTSM surface, which combines the benefits of a nonlinear proportional-integral (PI) sliding mode surface and a fast terminal sliding mode (FTSM) surface, is proposed to enhance the robustness and improved the dynamic response, whilst preserving the great property of the conventional hierarchical fast terminal sliding mode (HFTSM) control strategy. The proposed HNLPIFTSM surface uses the novel nonlinear PI sliding mode surface as its inner loop and uses the FTSM surface as its outer loop. Meanwhile, an extended state observer (ESO) is used to estimate the uncertain terms of the PMSM speed regulation system. Furthermore, the stability of the closed-loop control system under the ESO and the HNLPIFTSM control strategy is proved by the Lyapunov stability theorem. Finally, the simulations and experimental demonstrations verify the effectiveness and superiorities of our proposed HNLPIFTSM control strategy over the conventional HFTSM control strategy.