Image Acquisition Speed Research Articles

MO-D-PinS Room/Hall E-02: Multiparametric Fuctional Imaging in Radiation Therapy

MRI, with its excellent soft tissue contrast and its ability to provide physiological as well as anatomical information, is becoming increasingly used in radiation therapy for treatment planning, image-guided radiation therapy, and treatment evaluation. This session will explore solutions to integrating MRI into the simulation process. Obstacles for using MRI for simulation include distortions and artifacts, image acquisition speed, complexity of imaging techniques, and lack of electron density information. Partners in Solutions presents vendor representatives who will present their approaches to meeting these challenges and others. An increased awareness of how MRI simulation works will allow physicists to better understand and use this powerful technique. The speakers are all employees who are presenting information about their company's products.

MO-D-PinS Room/Hall E-03: Ingenia MR-RT with MRCAT for MR-Based Radiotherapy Simulation

MRI, with its excellent soft tissue contrast and its ability to provide physiological as well as anatomical information, is becoming increasingly used in radiation therapy for treatment planning, image-guided radiation therapy, and treatment evaluation. This session will explore solutions to integrating MRI into the simulation process. Obstacles for using MRI for simulation include distortions and artifacts, image acquisition speed, complexity of imaging techniques, and lack of electron density information. Partners in Solutions presents vendor representatives who will present their approaches to meeting these challenges and others. An increased awareness of how MRI simulation works will allow physicists to better understand and use this powerful technique. The speakers are all employees who are presenting information about their company’s products.

SU‐D‐207A‐05: Investigating Sparse‐Sampled MRI for Motion Management in Thoracic Radiotherapy

Purpose:Sparse sampling and reconstruction‐based MRI techniques represent an attractive strategy to achieve sufficiently high image acquisition speed while maintaining image quality for the task of radiotherapy guidance. In this study, we examine rapid dynamic MRI using a sparse sampling sequence k‐t BLAST in capturing motion‐induced, cycle‐to‐cycle variations in tumor position. We investigate the utility of long‐term MRI‐based motion monitoring as a means of better characterizing respiration‐induced tumor motion compared to a single‐cycle 4DCT.Methods:An MRI‐compatible, programmable, deformable lung motion phantom with eleven 1.5 ml water marker tubes was placed inside a 3.0 T whole‐body MR scanner (Philips Ingenia). The phantom was programmed with 10 lung tumor motion traces previously recorded using the Synchrony system. 2D+t image sequences of a coronal slice were acquired using a balanced‐SSFP sequence combined with k‐t BLAST (accn=3, resolution=0.66×0.66×5 mm3; acquisition time = 110 ms/slice). kV fluoroscopic (ground truth) and 4DCT imaging was performed with the same phantom setup and motion trajectories. Marker positions in all three modalities were segmented and tracked using an opensource deformable image registration package, NiftyReg.Results:Marker trajectories obtained from rapid MRI exhibited <1 mm error compared to kv Fluoro trajectories in the presence of complex motion including baseline shifts and changes in respiratory amplitude, indicating the ability of MRI to monitor motion with adequate geometric fidelity for the purpose of radiotherapy guidance. In contrast, the trajectory derived from 4DCT exhibited significant errors up to 6 mm due to cycle‐to‐cycle variations and baseline shifts. Consequently, 4DCT was found to underestimate the range of marker motion by as much as 50%.Conclusion:Dynamic MRI is a promising tool for radiotherapy motion management as it permits for longterm, dose‐free, soft‐tissue‐based monitoring of motion, yielding richer and more accurate information about tumor position and motion range compared to the current state‐of‐the‐art, 4DCT.This work was partially supported through research funding from National Institutes of Health (R01CA169102).

Rapid acquisition of high-volume microscopic images using predicted focal plane.

For an automated microscopic imaging system, the image acquisition speed is one of the most critical performance features because many applications require to analyse high-volume images. This paper illustrates a novel approach for rapid acquisition of high-volume microscopic images used to count blood cells automatically. This approach firstly forms a panoramic image of the sample slide by stitching sequential images captured at a low magnification, selects a few basic points (x, y) indicating the target areas from the panoramic image, and then refocuses the slide at each of the basic points at the regular magnification to record the depth position (z). The focusing coordinates (x, y, z) at these basic points are used to calculate a predicted focal plane that defines the relationship between the focus position (z) and the stage position (x, y). Via the predicted focal plane, the system can directly focus the objective lens at any local view, and can tremendously save image-acquisition time by avoiding the autofocusing function. The experiments showed how to determine the optimal number of the basic points at a given imaging condition, and proved that there is no significant difference between the images captured using the autofocusing function or the predicted focal plane.

Characterizing spatiotemporal information loss in sparse-sampling-based dynamic MRI for monitoring respiration-induced tumor motion in radiotherapy.

Sparse-sampling and reconstruction techniques represent an attractive strategy to achieve faster image acquisition speeds, while maintaining adequate spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio in rapid magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The authors investigate the use of one such sequence, broad-use linear acquisition speed-up technique (k-t BLAST) in monitoring tumor motion for thoracic and abdominal radiotherapy and examine the potential trade-off between increased sparsification (to increase imaging speed) and the potential loss of "true" information due to greater reliance on a priori information. Lung tumor motion trajectories in the superior-inferior direction, previously recorded from ten lung cancer patients, were replayed using a motion phantom module driven by an MRI-compatible motion platform. Eppendorf test tubes filled with water which serve as fiducial markers were placed in the phantom. The modeled rigid and deformable motions were collected in a coronal image slice using balanced fast field echo in conjunction with k-t BLAST. Root mean square (RMS) error was used as a metric of spatial accuracy as measured trajectories were compared to input data. The loss of spatial information was characterized for progressively increasing acceleration factor from 1 to 16; the resultant sampling frequency was increased approximately from 2.5 to 19 Hz when the principal direction of the motion was set along frequency encoding direction. In addition to the phantom study, respiration-induced tumor motions were captured from two patients (kidney tumor and lung tumor) at 13 Hz over 49 s to demonstrate the impact of high speed motion monitoring over multiple breathing cycles. For each subject, the authors compared the tumor centroid trajectory as well as the deformable motion during free breathing. In the rigid and deformable phantom studies, the RMS error of target tracking at the acquisition speed of 19 Hz was approximately 0.3-0.4 mm, which was smaller than the reconstructed pixel resolution of 0.67 mm. In the patient study, the dynamic 2D MRI enabled the monitoring of cycle-to-cycle respiratory variability present in the tumor position. It was seen that the range of centroid motion as well as the area covered due to target motion during each individual respiratory cycle was underestimated compared to the entire motion range observed over multiple breathing cycles. The authors' initial results demonstrate that sparse-sampling- and reconstruction-based dynamic MRI can be used to achieve adequate image acquisition speeds without significant information loss for the task of radiotherapy guidance. Such monitoring can yield spatial and temporal information superior to conventional offline and online motion capture methods used in thoracic and abdominal radiotherapy.

LO092: The educational impact of a formalized RUSH (Rapid Ultrasound in Shock) protocol in emergency medicine residency ultrasound training

Introduction: Point of care ultrasound for assessment of undifferentiated hypotension and shock is part of the clinical scope of Emergency Physicians in Canada. The RUSH Exam outlines a systematic approach to these patients. A RUSH Exam educational model using didactic and hands on practice was developed and implemented for Emergency Medicine (EM) residents. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the module in a simulated setting on the following endpoints: improvement in image acquisition, interpretation, speed, and subjective comfort level, among EM residents with basic ultrasound training. Methods: Approval was received from the institutional health research ethics board for this before and after simulation study. Residents in the -EM Program or CCFP-EM Program from July 2014 to July 2015 were eligible to consent. Participants were excluded if they were unable to complete all portions. All residents were educated to the same level of introductory ultrasound training based on the curriculum in place at our institution. The 8-hour intervention included RUSH didactic and hands on small group sessions. Testing before and after the intervention was performed with the SonoSim Livescan training platform. Two evaluators scored each resident on the accuracy of image acquisition, image interpretation, and time to scan completion. A before and after survey assessed resident comfort level with performing ultrasound on an emergency patient in shock, and basing decisions on ultrasound findings. Statistical analysis was performed using McNemar’s test for image acquisition and interpretation, a paired T test for time, and the Bahpkar test for the questionnaire. Results: 16 EM residents including 11 senior residents and 5 junior residents were enrolled. Improvement was achieved in the categories of IVC image acquisition and interpretation, as well as interpretation for B-lines, lung sliding, cardiac apical and parasternal long axis, and DVT (p<0.05). Subjective comfort level of performing ultrasound in shock and basing decisions on the findings was increased (p<0.0001). Among junior residents, there was an increased speed of image acquisition. Conclusion: With the introduction of the RUSH Exam educational module, EM residents showed improved image acquisition, image interpretation, speed, and comfort level when using ultrasound in critically ill patients.

Single-shot and phase-shifting digital holographic microscopy using a 2-D grating.

We demonstrate digital holographic microscopy that, while being based on phase-shifting interferometry, is capable of single-shot measurements. A two-dimensional (2-D) diffraction grating placed in a Fourier plane of a standard in-line holographic phase microscope generates multiple copies of a sample image on a camera sensor. The identical image copies are spatially separated with different overall phase shifts according to the diffraction orders. The overall phase shifts are adjusted by controlling the lateral position of the grating. These phase shifts are then set to be multiples of π/2. Interferograms composed of four image copies combined with a parallel reference beam are acquired in a single shot. The interferograms are processed through a phase-shifting algorithm to produce a single complex image. By taking advantage of the higher sampling capacity of the in-line holography, we can increase the imaging information density by a factor of 3 without compromising the imaging acquisition speed.

Nanoscale characterization of local structures and defects in photonic crystals using synchrotron-based transmission soft X-ray microscopy.

For the structural characterization of the polystyrene (PS)-based photonic crystals (PCs), fast and direct imaging capabilities of full field transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) were demonstrated at soft X-ray energy. PS-based PCs were prepared on an O2-plasma treated Si3N4 window and their local structures and defects were investigated using this label-free TXM technique with an image acquisition speed of ~10 sec/frame and marginal radiation damage. Micro-domains of face-centered cubic (FCC (111)) and hexagonal close-packed (HCP (0001)) structures were dominantly found in PS-based PCs, while point and line defects, FCC (100), and 12-fold symmetry structures were also identified as minor components. Additionally, in situ observation capability for hydrated samples and 3D tomographic reconstruction of TXM images were also demonstrated. This soft X-ray full field TXM technique with faster image acquisition speed, in situ observation, and 3D tomography capability can be complementally used with the other X-ray microscopic techniques (i.e., scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, STXM) as well as conventional characterization methods (e.g., electron microscopic and optical/fluorescence microscopic techniques) for clearer structure identification of self-assembled PCs and better understanding of the relationship between their structures and resultant optical properties.

Angular signal radiography.

Microscopy techniques using visible photons, x-rays, neutrons, and electrons have made remarkable impact in many scientific disciplines. The microscopic data can often be expressed as the convolution of the spatial distribution of certain properties of the specimens and the inherent response function of the imaging system. The x-ray grating interferometer (XGI), which is sensitive to the deviation angle of the incoming x-rays, has attracted significant attention in the past years due to its capability in achieving x-ray phase contrast imaging with low brilliance source. However, the comprehensive and analytical theoretical framework is yet to be presented. Herein, we propose a theoretical framework termed angular signal radiography (ASR) to describe the imaging process of the XGI system in a classical, comprehensive and analytical manner. We demonstrated, by means of theoretical deduction and synchrotron based experiments, that the spatial distribution of specimens' physical properties, including absorption, refraction and scattering, can be extracted by ASR in XGI. Implementation of ASR in XGI offers advantages such as simplified phase retrieval algorithm, reduced overall radiation dose, and improved image acquisition speed. These advantages, as well as the limitations of the proposed method, are systematically investigated in this paper.

Fluorescence Anisotropy Imaging in 3D with Single Plane Illumination Microscopy

Anisotropy imaging is a powerful tool to study the organization, composition and dynamics of molecules in biological systems. Changes in the organization and conformation of biomolecules within cells and tissues can be visualized at the single pixel level. Fluorescence anisotropy is typically probed with laser scanning and epifluorescence-based techniques. However, those techniques are limited in either axial resolution, image acquisition speed, or, by photobleaching. In the last decade, selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM) has emerged as the best choice for three-dimensional time lapse imaging since it combines axial sectioning capability with fast, camera-based image acquisition, and minimal light exposure [1,2]. We demonstrate how SPIM can be used for three-dimensional fluorescence anisotropy imaging of live cells [3]. To verify the accuracy of our SPIM system, we first measured and compared the anisotropy of Rhodamine110 solutions with different water/glycerol ratios with results obtained using a spectrofluorimeter. Then, we visualized the aggregation states of different fusion proteins in live cells. Further, we were able to show by 3D time lapse anisotropy imaging that formation of membrane protrusions and paxillin aggregates precedes focal adhesion assembly.Work supported in part by NIH grants P50 GM076516 and P41 GM103540.[1] Huisken, J. et al., Optical Sectioning Deep Inside Live Embryos by Selective Plane Illumination Microscopy. Science 305, 1007-1009 (2004).[2] Hedde, P.N. et al., Rapid Measurement of Molecular Transport and Interaction inside Living Cells Using Single Plane Illumination. Sci. Rep. 4, 7048 (2014).[3] Hedde, P.N. et al., 3D fluorescence anisotropy imaging using selective plane illumination microscopy. Opt. Express 23, 22308-22317 (2015).

Imaging Immunity in Lymph Nodes: Past, Present and Future.

Immune responses occur as a result of stochastic interactions between a plethora of different cell types and molecules that regulate the migration and function of innate and adaptive immune cells to drive protection from pathogen infection. The trafficking of immune cells into peripheral tissues during inflammation and then subsequent migration to draining lymphoid tissues has been quantitated using radiolabelled immune cells over 40 years ago. However, how these processes lead to efficient immune responses was unclear. Advances in physics (multi-photon), chemistry (probes) and biology (animal models) have provided immunologists with specialized tools to quantify the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving immune function in lymphoid tissues through directly visualising cellular behaviours in 3-dimensions over time. Through the temporal and spatial resolution of multi-photon confocal microscopy immunologists have developed new insights into normal immune homeostasis, host responses to pathogens, anti-tumour immune responses and processes driving development of autoimmune pathologies, by the quantification of the interactions and cellular migration involved in adaptive immune responses. Advances in deep tissue imaging, including new fluorescent proteins, increased resolution, speed of image acquisition, sensitivity, number of signals and improved data analysis techniques have provided unprecedented capacity to quantify immune responses at the single cell level. This quantitative information has facilitated development of high-fidelity mathematical and computational models of immune function. Together this approach is providing new mechanistic understanding of immune responses and new insights into how immune modulators work. Advances in biophysics have therefore revolutionised our understanding of immune function, directly impacting on the development of next generation immunotherapies and vaccines, and is providing the quantitative basis for emerging technology of simulation-guided experimentation and immunotherapeutic design.

Median ellipse parameterization for robust measurement of fuel droplet size

The combustion properties of blended fuel combinations can be characterized by performing single droplet fuel combustion experiments. These combustion experiments are visualized using high speed image acquisition. Once the high speed images are obtained, the burn rate and other characteristics of combustion, such as the occurrence of microexplosions, can be characterized. Currently these quantities are either measured manually or are measured using automated software. However, the current software packages used for this task are limited in that they can only measure droplets that are elliptical in shape and manual corrections often have to be made to avoid significant errors in the measurement. An automated droplet tracking algorithm is presented that can automatically track droplet size without manual intervention due to its robustness to the presence of missing or extra edges in the images. In addition, the proposed method can track shapes more general than ellipses, which is required in order to track the droplet during microexplosions. The proposed algorithm starts by fitting ellipses to numerous five point subsets from the droplet edge data. The closed contour is parameterized by determining the median perimeter of the set of ellipses. The resulting curve is not an ellipse, allowing arbitrary closed contours to be parameterized. The performance of the proposed algorithm and the performance of existing algorithms are compared to a ground truth segmentation of the fuel droplet images. This comparison demonstrates that the median ellipse parameterization algorithm has improved performance for both area quantification and edge deviation.

Data characterizing compressive properties of Al/Al2O3 syntactic foam core metal matrix sandwich.

Microstructural observations and compressive property datasets of metal matrix syntactic foam core sandwich composite at quasi-static and high strain rate (HSR) conditions (525–845 s−1) are provided. The data supplied in this article includes sample preparation procedure prior to scanning electron and optical microscopy as well as the micrographs. The data used to construct the stress–strain curves and the derived compressive properties of all specimens in both quasi-static and HSR regions are included. Videos of quasi-static compressive failure and that obtained by a high speed image acquisition system during deformation and failure of HSR specimen are also included.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography of the Brain-50 Years of Innovation, With a Focus on the Future.

This review focuses specifically on the developments in brain imaging, as opposed to the spine, and specifically conventional, clinical, cross-sectional imaging, looking primarily at advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). These fields are viewed from a perspective of landmark publications in the last 50 years and subsequently more in depth using sentinel publications from the last 5 years. It is also written from a personal perspective, with the authors having witnessed the evolution of both fields from their initial clinical introduction to their current state. Both CT and MRI have made tremendous advances during this time, regarding not only sensitivity and spatial resolution, but also in terms of the speed of image acquisition. Advances in CT in recent years have focused in part on reduced radiation dose, an important topic for the years to come. Magnetic resonance imaging has seen the development of a plethora of scan techniques, with marked superiority to CT in terms of tissue contrast due to the many parameters that can be assessed, and their intrinsic sensitivity. Future advances in MRI for clinical practice will likely focus both on new acquisition techniques that offer advances in speed and resolution, for example, simultaneous multislice imaging and data sparsity, and on standardization and further automation of image acquisition and analysis. Functional imaging techniques including specifically perfusion and functional magnetic resonance imaging will be further integrated into the workflow to provide pathophysiologic information that influence differential diagnosis, assist treatment decision and planning, and identify and follow treatment-related changes.

3D fluorescence anisotropy imaging using selective plane illumination microscopy.

Fluorescence anisotropy imaging is a popular method to visualize changes in organization and conformation of biomolecules within cells and tissues. In such an experiment, depolarization effects resulting from differences in orientation, proximity and rotational mobility of fluorescently labeled molecules are probed with high spatial resolution. Fluorescence anisotropy is typically imaged using laser scanning and epifluorescence-based approaches. Unfortunately, those techniques are limited in either axial resolution, image acquisition speed, or by photobleaching. In the last decade, however, selective plane illumination microscopy has emerged as the preferred choice for three-dimensional time lapse imaging combining axial sectioning capability with fast, camera-based image acquisition, and minimal light exposure. We demonstrate how selective plane illumination microscopy can be utilized for three-dimensional fluorescence anisotropy imaging of live cells. We further examined the formation of focal adhesions by three-dimensional time lapse anisotropy imaging of CHO-K1 cells expressing an EGFP-paxillin fusion protein.

High-speed, high-resolution, multielemental LA-ICP-TOFMS imaging: part II. critical evaluation of quantitative three-dimensional imaging of major, minor, and trace elements in geological samples.

Here we describe the capabilities of laser-ablation coupled to inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-TOFMS) for high-speed, high-resolution, quantitative three-dimensional (3D) multielemental imaging. The basic operating principles of this instrumental setup and a verification of 3D quantitative elemental imaging are provided. To demonstrate the potential of 3D LA-ICP-TOFMS imaging, high-resolution multielement images of a cesium-infiltrated Opalinus clay rock were recorded using LA with a laser-spot diameter of 5 μm coupled to ICP-TOFMS. Quantification of elements ablated from each individual laser pulse was carried out by 100% mass normalization, and the 3D elemental concentration images generated match well with the expected distribution of elements. After laser-ablation imaging, the sample surface morphology was investigated using confocal microscopy, which showed substantial surface roughness and evidence of matrix-dependent ablation yields. Depth assignment based on ablation yields from heterogeneous materials, such as Opalinus clay rock, will remain a challenge for 3D LA-ICPMS imaging. Nevertheless, this study demonstrates quantitative 3D multielemental imaging of geological samples at a considerably higher image-acquisition speed than previously reported, while also offering high spatial resolution and simultaneous multielemental detection.

High-speed, high-resolution, multielemental laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-time-of-flight mass spectrometry imaging: part I. Instrumentation and two-dimensional imaging of geological samples.

Low-dispersion laser ablation (LA) has been combined with inductively coupled plasma-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ICP-TOFMS) to provide full-spectrum elemental imaging at high lateral resolution and fast image-acquisition speeds. The low-dispersion LA cell reported here is capable of delivering 99% of the total LA signal within 9 ms, and the prototype TOFMS instrument enables simultaneous and representative determination of all elemental ions from these fast-transient ablation events. This fast ablated-aerosol transport eliminates the effects of pulse-to-pulse mixing at laser-pulse repetition rates up to 100 Hz. Additionally, by boosting the instantaneous concentration of LA aerosol into the ICP with the use of a low-dispersion ablation cell, signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios, and thus limits of detection (LODs), are improved for all measured isotopes; the lowest LODs are in the single digit parts per million for single-shot LA signal from a 10-μm diameter laser spot. Significantly, high-sensitivity, multielemental and single-shot-resolved detection enables the use of small LA spot sizes to improve lateral resolution and the development of single-shot quantitative imaging, while also maintaining fast image-acquisition speeds. Here, we demonstrate simultaneous elemental imaging of major and minor constituents in an Opalinus clay-rock sample at a 1.5 μm laser-spot diameter and quantitative imaging of a multidomain Pallasite meteorite at a 10 μm LA-spot size.

Syntactic foam core metal matrix sandwich composite: Compressive properties and strain rate effects

The present work is the first attempt to study metal matrix syntactic foam core sandwich composites. The sandwich is studied for microstructure and compressive properties at quasi-static and high strain rates. Under quasi-static compressive conditions, specimens were tested in the flatwise and edgewise orientations. The compressive strength, yield strength and plateau stress were higher in the flatwise orientation. Furthermore, both orientations for the sandwich composites showed a higher specific compressive strength and specific yield strength than the foam core alone. Failure initiated in the particles in the flatwise orientation, but in the carbon fabrics in the edgewise orientation. The results show that the fabric had a reinforcing effect under quasi-static conditions. The high strain rate (HSR) characterization was conducted in the strain rate range 525–845s−1 using a split-Hopkinson pressure bar set-up equipped with a high speed image acquisition system. Within this strain rate range, the compressive strength of the sandwich is similar to that of the syntactic foam core alone. Upon review, the syntactic foam core metal matrix sandwich outperforms most of the syntactic foams in terms of energy absorption and compressive strength at comparable density levels.

Flexural impact response of textile-reinforced aerated concrete sandwich panels

Abstract Mechanical response of textile-reinforced aerated concrete sandwich panels was investigated using an instrumented three-point bending experiment under static and low-velocity dynamic loading. Two types of aerated concrete: autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) and polymeric Fiber-Reinforced Aerated Concrete (FRAC) were used as the core material. Skin layer consisted of two layers of Alkali Resistant Glass (ARG) textiles and a cementitious binder. Performance of ductile skin-brittle core (TRC–AAC) and ductile skin-ductile core (TRC–FRAC) composites was evaluated in terms of flexural stiffness, strength, and energy absorption capacity. The effect of impact energy on the mechanical properties was measured at various drop heights on two different cross-sections using energy levels up to 40 J and intermediate strain rates up to 20 s− 1. The externally bonded textile layers significantly improved the mechanical properties of light-weight low-strength aerated concrete core under both loading modes. Dynamic flexural strength was greater than the static flexural strength by as much as 4 times. For specimens with larger cross-sections, unreinforced-autoclaved AAC core had a 15% higher apparent flexural capacity. With 0.5% volume of polypropylene fibers in the core, the flexural toughness however increased by 25%. Cracking mechanisms were studied using high speed image acquisition and digital image correlation (DIC) technique.

SCALABLE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC MOTION CAPTURE SYSTEM “MOSCA”: DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION

Abstract. Wide variety of applications (from industrial to entertainment) has a need for reliable and accurate 3D information about motion of an object and its parts. Very often the process of movement is rather fast as in cases of vehicle movement, sport biomechanics, animation of cartoon characters. Motion capture systems based on different physical principles are used for these purposes. The great potential for obtaining high accuracy and high degree of automation has vision-based system due to progress in image processing and analysis. Scalable inexpensive motion capture system is developed as a convenient and flexible tool for solving various tasks requiring 3D motion analysis. It is based on photogrammetric techniques of 3D measurements and provides high speed image acquisition, high accuracy of 3D measurements and highly automated processing of captured data. Depending on the application the system can be easily modified for different working areas from 100 mm to 10 m. The developed motion capture system uses from 2 to 4 technical vision cameras for video sequences of object motion acquisition. All cameras work in synchronization mode at frame rate up to 100 frames per second under the control of personal computer providing the possibility for accurate calculation of 3D coordinates of interest points. The system was used for a set of different applications fields and demonstrated high accuracy and high level of automation.