Presidential Speeches Research Articles

Tropes and Rhetorical Figures in Simultaneous Interpreting of Presidential Speeches

Since one of the distinctive features of presidential speeches is the use of tropes and rhetorical figures, which are employed to achieve a persuasive effect, this study aimed to find out if tropes and rhetorical figures are retained in simultaneous interpretation from English into Lithuanian and whether the omission of them in the interpretation diminishes the rhetorical effect of the speech. The research found that out of 500 tropes and rhetorical figures observed in original speeches more than a half are absent in interpretation. Based on a closer analysis of examples, it was concluded that tropes and rhetorical figures tend to cause problems for interpreters and that the omission of tropes and rhetorical figures results in a diminished rhetorical effect in the target language.

Symbols in the Ukrainian Public Discourse (Analysis of Presidential Speeches on the Occasion of Constitution Day)

This article develops the understanding of symbols as a certain type of signs, the meaning of which is established by agreement or habit. There is an opinion that symbols in public discourse are a reflection of values and anti-values of the society, which are formed in the process of mass communication. This article identifies the main features of the characters, including emotional engagement, attachment to a particular act of communication, as well informativeness. The types of meaning are determined, and the mechanism of nomination is explained. The article reveals the concept of semantic competition. M. Edelman’s opinion that value structures can be divided into mono-, bi- and multimodal — depending on the number of values assigned to key symbols. The presidential speeches delivered before the Ukrainian Constitution Day in 2017–2020 were analyzed in this article. Thanks to the content analysis of emotionally colored words, the symbols, which are characteristic for the speeches of P. Poroshenko and V. Zelensky, were identified focusing both on similarities and differences of Ukrainian values and anti-values. This article analyzes the nominations used by speakers to give meaning to key symbols. Aspects of semantic competition of the key symbols are defined here as well. It was revealed that during the tenure of President Poroshenko, other symbols circulated mostly in the Ukrainian public discourse than those during the presidency of V. Zelensky. Among the common key values for both presidents, we can find “Constitution,” “Constitution Day” and “freedom”. There is a semantic competition in their use. Both presidents underline the negative meaning of the term “parliamentary immunity.” Poroshenko expresses the threat using symbols such as “Russian aggressor”, “fifth column,” “corruption,” “Russian Empire” and “war.” On the other hand, V. Zelensky does not use symbols of external threat. It was found that the value structure formed by Poroshenko’s speeches showed signs of bimodality, and the one created by V. Zelensky’s speeches — multimodality.

Http://philjournal.ru/en/issues/Current%20Issue/?ELEMENT_ID=2177

The article explores intertexts and precedent phenomena used in current political discourse as exemplified by the speeches of President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin and Foreign Minister of the Russian Federation Sergey Lavrov. As globalization marches on, an increasing number of international conferences, summits, forums is held. Political speeches garner attention of both linguists and a wider audience, as it becomes apparent that political communication can affect people and the international political agenda. Particular attention should be paid to interpreting intertexts. A combination of these factors makes this research highly relevant. The paper focuses on intertexts in political discourse, their types, and how they are interpreted simultaneously from Russian into English. The case study includes videos and scripts of public speeches delivered by President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin and Foreign Minister of the Russian Federation Sergey Lavrov that can be found on the official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, on the official website of the President of Russia, and on a video sharing service YouTube. The case study is underpinned by analytical and comparative methods. Practical implications of the present research include ways of interpreting intertexts in the booth in order to ensure successful communication.

THEORETICAL APPROACH TO DIPLOMATIC RHETORIC

Speech culture is a branch of linguistics, and later, as a result of further researches, another new term, rhetoric, entered the field of linguistics. The culture of rhetoric is a science that goes hand in hand with the field of public speaking, which is primarily focused on the formation of a person's abilities and talents. While rhetoric is the science that studies the talents of the speaker, the culture of speech is the science that studies the literary language and its norms. Rhetoric is a complex art that requires persistence, patience, skill and experience. Real speech requires great skills and careful preparation. Therefore, representatives of any sphere should not only know the rules of public speaking, but also be able to express their opinions in accordance with them. Within the years of independence, the role of diplomacy, like all other spheres, has become invaluable in our country. Special attention will be paid to diplomacy for the peaceful solution of the interests of the state. We see that the beautiful speeches of diplomats serve the future of the whole nation and the whole society. As in the diplomacy of all countries, the style and form of diplomacy in Uzbekistan is different. Uzbek diplomacy uses all the fruitful means of the world practice. It is held on the basis of bilateral and multilateral meetings of heads of state, as well as meetings of heads of government, foreign ministers, plus conferences, seminars and others. Based on their job responsibilities, we examined the types of diplomatic speeches including presidential speeches, speeches of diplomats, and representatives of diplomatic missions, speeches during official visits, diplomatic correspondence and diplomatic documents. This article gives a quick overview of who a diplomat is, what a diplomatic speech is, and more.

WHAT’S WRONG WITH US? AN ANALYSIS OF INDONESIAN PRESIDENT JOKO WIDODO’S PUBLIC SPEECHES FROM 2017 TO 2018

The research examines the rhetorical style and political priorities in Indonesian President Joko Widodo’s public speeches during his first term in office. Content analysis is used to investigate a purposive sample of 66 presidential speeches from May 2017 to May 2018. In addition, the research identifies the similarity of words to understand the selective appraisal of Indonesia’s progress based on President Jokowi’s utterances. In one contentious oration on May 18th, 2017, delivered to government officials, the president bluntly asked ‘what’s wrong with us’? The question presupposes that something is wrong in Indonesian politics, and is narrowcast to an audience of government officials, some of whom are implicated in the developmental shortcomings, administrative inefficiencies, and social conflicts that persist in Indonesia today. The president’s strategic message implies that Indonesia’s economic development unduly lags regional competitors; disinformation and hate speech create social divisions and political distortions; and there is a significant digital and technological divide in the country. The research result shows that the president’s passion extends beyond bureaucratic reform and into contentious political topics, where selective attempts at disruptive truth-telling are made.

"In" or "Out"? An Analysis of the Use of Augmentals in U.S. Presidential Speeches on the Paris Climate Agreement.

Augmentals, as a type of verbal rule, have been used in political speeches either for establishing beneficial cultural values for the populace (Leigland, 2005) or for publicizing political points of view to exert control on public opinion through propaganda (Rakos, 1993). The current study conducted a functional content analysis on two presidential speeches about climate change and global warming regarding whether the United States should enter or exit the Paris Climate Agreement. The purposes of the study were to (a) examine the effects of two types of augmentals (reinforcer-establishing augmentals and punisher-establishing augmentals) on behavior change in the populace, (b) explore the effects of the types of relational frames that formed augmentals, and (c) provide guidance to the public on discriminating propaganda in media sources. The results showed different patterns in the use of augmentals in Donald Trump’s speech, which attempted to persuade the populace to support exiting the agreement, compared to Barack Obama’s speech, which attempted to persuade the populace to support entering the agreement. Several implications of the study are discussed.

Pumping Up the Base: Deployment of Strong Emotion and Simple Language in Presidential Nomination Acceptance Speeches

Background and Method: This research examines the nomination acceptance speeches of US presidential candidates from Republican and Democratic parties in the post-WWII mass communication era (1948–2020, 38 speeches). Variables studied are the emotional tone of the speeches, their abstractness, their Grade Level, their employment of personal pronouns and their mentions of “America”. Speeches were scored with the Dictionary of Affect in Language (a sentiment analysis tool).Predictions: On the basis of functionalist theories of political discourse, it was predicted that the speeches would have a pleasant and active or celebratory emotional tone. Based on related research that focused on the effects of mass distribution on presidential communications, it was predicted that the speeches would increase in pleasantness, arousal and linguistic simplicity across years.Results: As predicted, speeches were pleasant and active in tone. Across years, speeches became significantly more arousing, less abstract, simpler, and longer. When individual speeches were divided into five equal portions, a strong significant quadratic trend was observed for pleasantness, which started high at the beginning of a speech, fell in the center, and rose again at the end.Conclusions: Presidential nomination acceptance speeches are emotionally pleasant and active and linguistically simple (Grade 8 level). Between 1948 and 2020, they remained pleasant, and became more active and simpler. In service of their aim to “pump up the base” individual speeches began on a pleasant, nationalistic and personal note, encompassed duller and more impersonal material in their centers, and became positive again at the end.

Editor's letter

Latin American Policy's (LAMP) second release for 2021 is particularly relevant, offering what can be called a double issue. In addition to bringing together a collection of seven articles on current topics that affect the region, it includes a thematic issue on the evolution of democratic practices in key Mexican states. LAMP is published twice yearly, yet the highly relevant research papers included in the thematic section make up a full issue on their own and deserve a space for publication. We are proud to present them this year as a double offering and to show that the journal boasts not only a growing audience but also a cadre of high-level researchers interested in publishing in our journal. Our first collection of works begins with Andrés Rivarola's article on regionalism and geopolitics, focusing on contributions from Latin America on the topic. Zdeněk Rod and Michal Himmer then consider the U.S. responses to a growing Chinese presence in Central America. Next, the COVID-19 pandemic is covered, through two articles that consider the regional response. Damasio Duval Rodrigues Neto analyzes the health policies Brazil adopted during the first 12 weeks of the crisis, and Luciano Ayala-Cantu, Federico Frattini, and Bruno Morando cover Mexicans' lockdown behavior as a reflection of the president's actions. Santiago L. Cunial shifts the focus to South America, covering the possible link between financing to develop solar energy in Colombian municipalities and the political alignment of these towns' mayors with the central government. On the hot topic of populism, Rubén Flores-González, Patricia Andrade del Cid, Alexia Raquel Ávalos-Rivera, and Mónica Torio-Hernández consider the Mexican president's daily speeches to draw a link between his empowerment as a leader and the populist discourse, which they say feeds and manages the anger of his constituency through communication, ideology, and strategy. Finally, Fernando Serrano and Jorge A. Schiavon argue that multiple individual and contextual factors, and what they call a perceived “Hispanic threat” in different states, have a significant effect on the attitudes of U.S. citizens toward immigration and the construction of the wall that Donald Trump promoted during his term in office. In the second section of this issue, Erika Estrada Ruiz, an electoral advisor with the Mexico City Electoral Institute, and Arturo Sánchez, a professor and researcher at the School of Government and Public Transformation of the Tecnológico de Monterrey, coordinated a thematic number entitled “Subnational Democratic Variation: A Comparative Overview of Strengths and Weaknesses of Democracy in the Mexican States.” This special issue includes 13 research papers, all of which underwent blind arbitration, on the different levels and types of advances that democratic practices have seen throughout the country. In the preamble that the coordinators have prepared for this special issue, they explain the context and history of this collection of works published here. I am deeply grateful for the professional effort they manifested in making this endeavor possible, and I thank them for having selected LAMP as the space to disseminate their research. Our readers will certainly find this thematic collection thought-provoking and useful.

Uncovering of ideological stances of the Indonesian Presidents through an amalgamation analysis of attitudinal analysis and critical discourse analysis

This present study attempts to identify the hidden ideology of the Indonesian Presidents’ speeches in the post-new order. By using an amalgamation of analytical tools, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) incorporates with Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), especially Martin and White's (2005) The subtypes of Appraisal system, Attitudinal analysis to uncover the ideological stance inside the presidential speech texts. This paper has two main objectives. Firstly, it is to identify the most frequent distribution of the social actor as being targeted in the speeches. Secondly, it is to uncover ideological stance realized through lexical choices of utterances toward social actors. The research data was selected from two prominent presidential speeches of President Susilo Yudhoyono (henceforth, SBY) 3386 words and President Jokowi Widodo (henceforth, Jokowi) 3386 words. This present research was designed qualitatively. The results showed judgmental subcategory surpassed the other two attitudinal categories by a large margin in the speeches of SBY and Jokowi with more than 54 % (81 instances) of attitudinal choices. The exceeding judgmental category was used to identify how SBY and Jokowi evaluated the selected actors (Government, People, and Politician). The exceeding of tenacity resources upon the other subtypes of Judgment by a small margin with 15 instances exceeded SBY by a split gap with 14 instances. The most frequent subtype of tenacity was to evaluate the social actors indicated someone is dependable to overcome their obstacles. Thus, SBY and Jokowi evaluated the people of Indonesia as the dependable actors positively inscribed evaluation of tenacity to give stress to the audiences since they delivered explicitly to avoid misunderstanding between the presidents with audiences. Real support from the people urgently needed to build good power relations. This study was concluded SBY and Jokowi evaluated the people of Indonesia using positively inscribed evaluation toward the people of Indonesia to describe their positive value toward the people of Indonesia as the dependable people to work hard with their strength. This was done by both presidents to obtain the public's trust to support their power.

Linguistic approaches and modern communication technologies in political discourses in Europe and the USA (contrastive aspect)

In this study, we analyze the political discourse of the United States and Europe in terms of linguistic approaches. Among the methods we use are systemic, structural, functional, content analysis, discourse analysis and thesaurus method. Its application took place within the theory of discourse. The study found that the main difference between the political discourses of Europe and the United States are the forms and means of communication, the formats of their distribution and the massive indicators of inclusion of the population (recipient of political discourse) in the communicative interaction. The difference is also the centralization and the levels at which the discourse develops. For example, the focus of political rhetoric on the institution of the U.S. presidency makes the presidential speech a reflection of public opinion. This is not typical of European countries, as pluralism of opinion is widespread there, communication takes place at local, regional, national, and supranational level. In addition, the European identity is in the process of being deeded. However, both discourses have in common the commitment to the values of democracy, but they manifest themselves differently.

Re-reading Kim Dae-jung: Obscured Engagement

ABSTRACT How best to understand South Korea’s engagement policy towards North Korea? Has it been interpreted correctly and untainted by the current political cleavage between different ideological blocs? Given that Kim Dae-jung, the South Korean president from 1998 to 2003, is widely regarded as the archetype of the engagement policy, this analysis re-evaluates his approach by examining his presidential speeches where three concepts emerge from a critical discourse analysis: securitisation, globalisation, and humanisation. This analysis argues that when it comes to evaluating this engagement policy, these concepts need greater comprehensive consideration. This analysis not only shows the necessity of synchronic policy analysis, it also offers an opportunity to reflect diachronically on the ways in which Kim’s engagement discourse was later adopted by politicians across the political spectrum that deal with North Korea. This is important to consider because his discourse continues to shape the inter-Korean negotiation process.

The Politics of the President’s Immigration Rhetoric

Although research on immigration politics is extensive, few scholars have systematically connected immigration politics to the president’s rhetoric over time. This is surprising since all modern presidents have referenced immigration in their public statements and presidents play a central role in setting the policy agenda. The primary purpose of this paper is to explain the president’s immigration rhetoric since 1953. Thus, we collect all presidential speeches on immigration through the Obama Administration, calculating the president’s monthly attention to immigration, and the relative negativity of the president’s remarks. We theorize that presidents’ motivation to speak about immigration policy is driven by the attention others devote to immigration policy, and key interventions in the immigration policy debate. Rhetorical tone, we think, is a function of the changing policy definition of immigration generated by Prop 187 and the Post-911 era. Our results show that the content of presidential rhetoric on immigration is indeed a product of these factors, providing us with clear evidence as to when the president devotes public attention to one of the central issues of American politics.

Neph E Club-Successful Social Media Learning Model-Six Years on with 1K Nephrologist as Members

Introduction: Social Media (SoMe) is used for the rapid dissemination of information and learning but has its limiting factors. An integrated learning model labeled “Neph E Club” was initiated in 2015. Various social media platforms were used to achieve the goal of SoMe education and lifelong learning. A retrospective study was done to analyze this education model. Methods: Six years of experience with Neph E Club’s social media education model allowed us to look back on the essential components of the SoMe model from 2015 to 2021. Objectives, member recruitment, social media platform, content development, and sustainability were among the aspects investigated and analyzed. Its benefits and downsides were also investigated. Results: For the past 6 years, WhatsApp has been used as a SoMe platform. Other approaches such as Twitter, YouTube, dedicated server, and email methods failed to meet the target during the 6 years. There are now 1018 active members in the WhatsApp group. Downloading nephrology education resources from numerous social media learning websites and conference content to construct a 3 TB digital library and 800 GB of developed and shared content. Members were kept informed daily by sharing information gleaned from the digital library. Topics are chosen based on data analysis and group requests. Students and practitioners shared their contents which included case discussion and initiating data collections. The success of this model is reflected by having shared 2550 Audiovisual (AV) Lectures, 26700 journal articles, and 182 case discussions. Viewership numbers on average reach from 1200 to 2500 per month which indicated multiple sharing. ISN India in his presidential speech in 2017 recommended this model. Conclusion: Neph E Club - Integrated model of learning using SoMe and offline digital Nephrology Library is a cost-effective, widely accepted model of learning in India.

HF02-01 SENTIMENT ANALYSIS AND PREDICTORS OF OPTIMISM IN THE AUA PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESSES: 1902-2019

You have accessJournal of UrologyHistory of Urology Forum II (HF02)1 Sep 2021HF02-01 SENTIMENT ANALYSIS AND PREDICTORS OF OPTIMISM IN THE AUA PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESSES: 1902-2019 Akhil A. Saji, Rachel Passarelli, Ashley Dixon, and John L. Phillips Akhil A. SajiAkhil A. Saji More articles by this author , Rachel PassarelliRachel Passarelli More articles by this author , Ashley DixonAshley Dixon More articles by this author , and John L. PhillipsJohn L. Phillips More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000001993.01AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The AUA Presidential address has been a tradition at the national meeting since 1902 when the first address was given by Ramon Guiteras. We sought to collect and archive each address given between 1902-2019 to characterize AUA Presidents as a group and analyze speech sentiment over the past century. METHODS: We queried AUA archives, journals, recorded tape, and personal records to create a database of all existing AUA Presidential addresses. Each address was categorized by theme and author demographic data was collected. We applied natural language processing utilizing the Python Textblob library to evaluate each address for the overall sentiment, a measure of positivity or negativity and subjectivity, a measure of non-factual opinion usage. Sentiment was validated by manual analysis with reading and annotation to compute sentiment ratios, a measure of positive statements divided by negative statements per address. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify significant predictors of presidential address sentiment. RESULTS: Between 1902-2019 a total of 113 AUA meetings were held. A total of 85 of 113 (75.22%) presidential addresses were transcribed and archived representing seven general categories in 254,124 words by male presidents with a median (IQR) age of 61.43 (53.1-66.5) years. AUA Presidents during the second half of the history of the AUA (1960-2019) were significantly older at the time of inauguration and gave more positive speeches in the active voice than presidents during the first half (1902-1959) (p<.05). Age was associated with increasing speech positivity (OR 1.059 (1.007-1.113), p=0.025) but not subjectivity (OR 0.958 (0.913-1.005), p=0.082). Median (IQR) age of ‘Arts & Philosophy’ speakers (61.9 (58.4-67.8)) was significantly older than those of ‘Scope & Practice’ (52.3 (43.5-61.2), p-value, <.01) (Figure 1). Significant independent predictors of positive speech sentiment were age (95% CI 1.007-1.119) and sentiment ratio (95% CI 1.154-2.444) (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The first digital database was created containing all extant AUA Presidential speeches from 1902-2019. Computational and analog analysis mirrored the findings of analog human reading demonstrating that AUA Presidential addresses became more positive with increasing speaker age but without consistent predictors of a speech’s emotional or factual content. Source of Funding: None © 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 206Issue Supplement 3September 2021Page: e237-e237 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Akhil A. Saji More articles by this author Rachel Passarelli More articles by this author Ashley Dixon More articles by this author John L. Phillips More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...

Topical Rumor Detection based on Social Network Topic Models Relationship

The rumor detection problem on social networks has attracted considerable attention in recent years with the rise of concerns about fake news and disinformation. Most previous works focused on detecting rumors by individual messages, classifying whether a post or blog entry is considered a rumor or not. This paper proposes a method for rumor detection on topic-level that identifies whether a social topic related to a reference or authoritative topic is a rumor. We propose the use of a topic model method on social, scientific and political domains and correlate the topics found to detect the most prone to be rumors. Two scenarios were analyzed; the Zika epidemic scenario where our reference set of topics are scientific and the Brazilian presidential speeches where our reference set is extracted from the political speeches themselves. Results applied in the Zika epidemic scenario show evidence that the least correlated topics contain a mix of rumors and local community discussions. The Brazilian presidential speeches scenario suggests a strong correlation between rumor topics from both the speeches and the social domains.

Identifying Relevant Topics in Ecuadorian Presidential Speeches from 2007 – 2020

Identifying Relevant Topics in Ecuadorian Presidential Speeches from 2007 – 2020

Discurso Desinformativo sobre a Cura do COVID-19 no Twitter

O presente artigo analisa como se deu a circulação de desinformação a respeito de uma possível “cura” para o coronavírus no Twitter brasileiro em um período de dez dias de março de 2020. Seu foco é na discussão (1) dos modos através dos quais os discursos relacionados à desinformação sobre supostas curas da pandemia foram espalhados, (2) os diferentes tipos de discurso desinformativo e sua prevalência e (3) os modos de disputa contra os discursos que desmentem a desinformação. Através de um estudo de métodos mistos, com análise de conteúdo e análise de redes sociais de 57.295 mil tweets, observamos (1) o alinhamento do discurso da desinformação com o discurso político de apoio ao presidente da República, Jair Bolsonaro; (2) no espalhamento da desinformação associado à ação de influenciadores líderes de opinião notadamente alinhados à sua base de suporte; (3) o crescimento da circulação de desinformação a partir dos pronunciamentos do presidente; (4) a circulação de enquadramentos enganosos de informações verdadeiras como a estratégia-chave da disputa discursiva, buscando alinhar o discurso da “cura” com a desinformação.

THE CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE IN THE CONTEXT OF ITS FUNCTIONS

Purpose. The scientific publication is devoted to highlighting the peculiarities of the legal nature of the constitution. The authors consider the structure and content of the constitution of the state in the context of its functions. The specificity of the content of the newest constitutions in the history of world constitutionalism is considered.&#x0D; Methods. The methodological basis of the work is a post-positivist methodology for the study of the problems of the paradigm of contemporary Ukrainian constitutionalism, which is an orderly system of mutually agreed ideological principles and methods that allow to thoroughly and comprehensively investigate the legal properties of the paradigm of constitutionalism and to determine the essence and content of its legal relations.&#x0D; Results and Conclusions. Consequently, the main and still unresolved issue is the ambiguity of what is proposed to adopt: a new Constitution, a new version of the current Constitution, amendments and additions to the current Constitution. Although paradoxical, but in Presidential speeches, these terms are used repeatedly as synonyms. However, legally they are completely different concepts. This terminological confusion carries a great danger of loss of landmarks and prevents a clear statement of the problem in a purely legal area.&#x0D; Thus, we believe that the constitutional process is too politicized today. In our opinion, the acutest political struggle is underway for adopting a form of constitution that is convenient for one of the parties. But in fact – for power – everyone wants a maximum of power. Including through their Constitution enforced in some way. However, the Basic Law should be adopted not from the conjuncture considerations of political expediency, but be a complete legal document, taking into account the achievements of the world jurisprudence, with the strict observance of all the prescribed legal procedures. After all, the constitution should be the main document of the state, at least for a decade.

Sentiment analysis and predictors of optimism: The AUA Presidential addresses, 1902-2019

Objectives The annual addresses of the President of the American Urological Association (AUA) may articulate and reflect the contemporary goals, values, and concerns of contemporary AUA membership. There is no organized archive of such addresses. We aimed to create a searchable database of all AUA Presidents and their addresses to determine variables associated with speech sentiment including positivity, negativity, and emotional tone through the 117 years of the AUA’s history. Methods We queried AUA archives, journals, recorded tape, and personal records, to create a database of all existing AUA Presidential addresses and biographic data. We applied natural language processing and machine learning techniques to evaluate the addresses for overall sentiment with validation using analog analyses (i.e reading and annotation). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify significant predictors of Presidential address sentiment. Results Between 1902-2019, a total of 113 AUA meetings were held. A total of 85 of 113 (75.22%) presidential addresses were transcribed and archived in the database representing 254,124 words by male presidents with a median (IQR) age of 61.43 (53.1-66.5) years. AUA Presidents during the second half of the history of the AUA (1960-2019) were significantly older at time of inauguration and gave more positive speeches in the active voice than presidents during the first half (1902-1959) (p &lt; .05). The only significant independent predictor of the degree of positivity in an AUA President’s annual address was speaker age (95% CI 1.007-1.119). Conclusions We created the first digital, searchable database of all AUA Presidential speeches from 1902-2019 and aim to add additional addresses prospectively. Artificial intelligence analyses mirrored the findings of human reading and demonstrated that from 1902-2019 AUA Presidential addresses became more positive and optimistic with increasing speaker age but without consistent predictors of a speech’s emotional or factual content.

Wir sind noch einmal davon gekommen/The Skin of Our Teeth

Wir sind noch einmal davon gekommen/<i>The Skin of Our Teeth</i>