Speech Partner Research Articles

Analysis of Language Politeness of Social Media Users on Instagram Anies Rasyid Baswedan

Language is a communication tool owned by humans to interact or collect. From a language humans can exchange information orally and in writing. The development of technology is growing in various countries, including Indonesia, resulting in the process of communication and exchanging information between people from various regions and parts of the world. A speaker must use courteous or good language when communicating through mass media for speech partners who are intended recipients of the message to be able to interpret and comprehend the message. This study aims to describe the utterances of social media users in the Anies Rasyid Baswedan Instagram comment column, which allegedly contain the principle of language politeness. This is a type of qualitative descriptive research. The method used in this study is data analysis, according to Miles and Huberman, namely, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing or verifying conclusions. The results of this study found that there were 16 maxims of wisdom, 20 maxims of generosity, 13 maxims of appreciation, 10 maxims of moderation, 18 maxims of consensus, and ten maxims of sympathy.

TINDAK TUTUR PERLOKUSI DALAM ANIME MOVIE YURU CAMP KARYA SUTRADARA YOSHIAKI KYOUGOKU

Perlocutionary speech acts is a speech act that provides information uttered by a speaker where the utterance contains intentions and objectives that cause an effect or influence based on the utterance. However, there are still many people who find it difficult and confused about the meaning conveyed by the speaker and the meaning understood by the speaker is different from the intention conveyed by the speech partner. This study aims to describe perlocutionary speech acts based on types and sentence forms in the anime movie Yuru Camp by Director Yoshiaki Kyougoku. This type of research is a qualitative research with a qualitative descriptive method. Qualitative research was chosen because the data studied is in the form of utterances that neeed to be explained and described in words. Data collection technique using tapping, listening, and note-taking technique. This research uses the theory of perlocutionary speech acts types and sentence forms according to Yule, and context theory according to Hymes. From the research results, it wa foun that there were 63 data of perlocutionary speech acts which were divided into 5 types and 3 forms of perlocutionary speech acts, namely: 3 data of declaration speech acts, 22 data of directive speech acts, 20 data of expressive speech acts, 11 data of representative speech acts, and 7 data of commissive speech acts. while the forms of sentences are: 42 data of declarative sentence forms, 10 data of imperative sentence forms, and 11 data 0f interrogative sentence forms.

Alih Kode dan Campur Kode dalam Keluarga Multibahasawan Perkawinan Indonesia- Perancis dalam Film “Liam Dan Laila”

The purpose of this research is to (1) Describe the types of code switching in the film Liam and Laila, (2) Describe the factors that cause code switching in the film Liam and Laila (3) Describe the types of code mixing in the film Liam and Laila, (4) Describe the factors that cause it to occur. code mixing in the film Liam and Laila. This research is included in the type of qualitative research with descriptive methods. The data for this research are dialogues in which there is code switching and code mixing. The data source for this research is the film script Liam and Laila (transcribed video) which contains dialogues from the characters. The data collection technique for this research is non-participant observation. Observations begin with (1) watching the film Liam and Laila, (2) record and transcribe the film recordings of Liam and Laila, (3) observe and analyze every dialogue that appears, (4) use the katat technique to collect every data obtained from the observations, (5) collect and record all the dialogue in which there are elements of code switching and code mixing to be explained further. The results of this research are. First, the type of code switching that occurs in the film Liam and Laila is divided into two, namely (1) external code switching which includes code switching from Indonesian to English and vice versa (2) internal code switching which includes code switching from Indonesian to English. Minangkabau and vice versa. Second, the types of code mixing are (1) outbound code mixing which includes code mixing in Indonesian and English (2) inward code mixing which includes code mixing in Indonesian and Minangkabau. The third factor that causes code switching includes (1) Speaker (2) Speech partner (3) Generating a sense of humor (4) Just being prestigious. The four factors that cause code mixing include (1) speaker factors (2) linguistic factors.

Alih Kode Campur Kode dalam Novel Mimpi Bungsu Karya Vanny Chrisma W: Kajian Sosiolinguistik

Analysis of Code Switching and Code Mixing in the Novel Dreams of the Bungsu by Vanny Chrisma W Study: Sociolinguistics. Vanny Chrisma W or Fani Krismawati, born on December 4, 1983 in Sidoarjo, East Java, is the fourth of five children. Vanny Chrisma W once studied at STIE Perbanas Surabaya. Reading books is his hobby in order to increase knowledge and insight. The purpose of this study is to describe the linguistic phenomena that occur in the Dream Bungsu novel by Vanny Chrisma W, namely: (1) the form of code switching and (2) the form of code mixing. This research can be classified as a qualitative descriptive study with the research sample in the form of conversational speech in the Dream Bungsu novel by Vanny Charisma W. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The data collection technique used is document analysis. The results in this study indicate that the form of code switching is in the form of 11 sentences in the form of Javanese. And 6 phrases in the form of Jakarta, English, and Javanese. The next findings are, 5 words in the form of Javanese and Jakarta language. The factors causing the use of code switching and code mixing in the Dream Bungsu Novel by Vanny Chrisma W are: (1), fellow Javanese to make it easier to accept the meaning of speech from the speaker to the speech partner, (2) the Javanese who live in the village do not master the Indonesian language. , (3) the use of English to make it look prestige.

Integrating Project-Based Learning in Preparing Students' Interpersonal Communication Skills on Speaking Courses in Indonesia

Interpersonal communication competence plays a crucial part in the educational interaction space, as it directly impacts the behaviour of students who require a straightforward communication flow. This study aims to analyse the integration of project-based learning (PjBL) in preparing students' interpersonal communication skills in speaking courses in Indonesia, the proficiency of students' interpersonal communication skills, and the challenges of achieving them. The design of this study was a cross-sectional survey conducted in May 2023, involving 315 college students from six English Study Programmes at six universities across three provinces. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews and were then analysed with the assistance of Jeffreys Amazing Statistics Program. The total number of interviewees was 60, with 10 from each university. The data indicate that the interpersonal communication profiles of the 315 respondents fell into the Medium category (mean = 3.26), and the most common obstacle (mean = 4.6) in achieving interpersonal communication skills on a speaking course is a difficult-to-understand speech partner's accent. This finding has implications for college students, as these interpersonal communication skills should be strengthened through PjBL and communicative competence understanding. Both micro and macro components of communication competence are essential for English learners and speakers. Syntax, morphology, semantics, and phonology are all areas where micro components perform. The three macro components also strongly contribute to the achievement of communicative competencies, including discourse competence, sociolinguistics, and communication techniques. These two components are essential for creating a more dynamic and enactive educational interaction space and are mutually reinforcing.

The Analysis of Form, Functions and Code Switching Factors in the Film Kehormatan di Balik Kerudung

Code-switching is the alteration or shift in the usage of one language to another within the context of communication, often occurring spontaneously and naturally. This study aims to find code switching forms, its underlying factors, as well as its function found in the Kehormatan di Balik Kerudung. The data of this research are players’ utterances in which code switching appear. The data collected were analyzed using Poplack’s theory (1980) to determine the form of code switching, Grosjean’s theory (2010) to find the functions of code switching, and Azhar’s, et al (2011) to find the factors behind the code switching. The results of this study indicate that extrasentential code-switching in the form of Javanese particles highly dominates the code-switching practices compared to the other two, namely intrasentential and intersentential, namely there were 30 extrasentential code-switching, 22 intrasentential and 7 intersentential. Some of the code-switching functions, are among others: to start a conversation, to confirm the conversation, to end the conversation, to confirm or emphasize statements, to ask for approval, and to answer doubts. Six factors underlying the code switching were among others: speakers, speech partners, topics of conversation, place and time of speech events, functions and objectives, as well as variety and level of speech.

Strategi Kesantunan Positif Tokoh-Tokoh dalam Novel 7 Prajurit Bapak Karya Wulan Nuramalia

This study aims to explain the substrategy of positive politeness used by the characters in Wulan Nuramalia's 7 Soldiers, and how the context of the speech situation uses each of these speech strategies in Wulan Nuramalia's 7 Soldiers. This type of research is qualitative research using descriptive methods. The data of this research are in the form of utterances contained in the dialogues of the characters in the novel 7 Soldier Bapak. The source of the research data is in the form of speech acts that use speech strategies with positive politeness performed by the characters in the novel 7 Soldiers of the Father by Wulan Nurmalia. The data collection technique used is the observation and note taking technique. In this study the data validation technique used in this study was the triangulation technique. Based on the data collected and analysis of research data, the results of this study are as follows. (1) Found 14 types of positive politeness substrategy used by the characters in the novel 7 Soldiers Bapak by Wulan Nurmala from 132 speech data with the following details. Substrategies involve participants in activities, use markers of group intimacy, joke around, give and ask reasons, offer help and promises, pay more attention/give recognition/sympathy, focus on speech partners, use agreements, give gifts, be optimistic, intensify attention , and the three substrategi that were found the least were assuming and displaying the similarity of actions, avoiding conflicts, and equating assumptions into general opinion. (2) The context of the speech situation using each positive politeness substrategy in the novel 7 Soldier Bapak found 6 contexts, namely (a) The context of the speaker's speech situation has greater power (+K) and is not yet familiar (-S), (b) The context of the speaker's speech has greater power (+K) and already familiar (+S), (c) The speaker's context is lower in power (-K) and not yet familiar (-S), (d) The speaker's context is lower in power (-K) and already familiar (+S) ), (e) The context of the speaker has the same power as the speaker (=K) and is not yet familiar (-S), (f) The context of the speaker has the same power as the speaker (=K) and is already familiar (+S).

السجع في الأفعال الكلامية الإنجازية فى مسلسل كرتون محسن و محاسن لتأليف قناة يوتوب جمعية نمآء الخيرية (الدراسة براغماتية لجون رابيرت سيرلى)

This study discusses the types and functions of illocutionary speech acts in the cartoon series Muhsin wa Mahasin. The purpose of this study is to describe the types and functions of illocutionary speech acts contained in the cartoon series Muhsin wa Mahasin. The research method used in this research is qualitative with literature study. The data collection technique used in this research is the listening method, the data collection technique using reference materials and the data analysis technique using the equivalent method which is supported by the SPEAKING speech component. The results of the analysis in this study are that in assertive speech acts the researcher finds speeches stating with affirmation, expressing with anxiety and complaining to get help. In directive speech acts, the researcher finds utterances of suggesting, commanding, pleading and advising. In commissive speech acts, the researcher finds utterances in the form of promises and refusals. And in expressive speech acts the researcher found utterances in the form of thanking, apologizing, praising, worried and surprised. The function of speech acts that the researchers found is a competitive function in which there is an utterance that functions to command and ask the speech partner, in the convival function the researcher finds speech with a polite and friendly attitude, namely an utterance that functions to thank, congratulate and greet, collaborative function The researcher found utterances with the intention of working together, namely utterances which functioned to express and conflictive functions.

Communication Characteristics of Broca’s Aphasic Individual With Short-Term Memory Loss: A Study of the Relevance

People with Broca's aphasia (PBA) have been commonly known to show difficulties in expressing language. The speech partner of PBA assumes that PBA’s utterances do not make sense. In fact, PBA do not make ideas arbitrarily. Pragmatically, their utterances in communication can still be analyzed. This study aims to explain the verbal and non-verbal language characteristics of PBA. To achieve this goal, a qualitative approach was carried out using the case study method on individuals with Broca aphasia who had hemorrhagic strokes. The framework used to reveal communication strategies was the relevance theory of communication and cognition of Sperber & Wilson. The findings of the study show that verbal communication was conducted by retrieving words that were already available in the mental lexicon and then by paraphrasing them through association and collocation. Non-verbal communication was carried out through cues, especially when the individual had difficulties recalling words. The individual's failure to produce language and derive ideas from the mental lexicon is the result of disturbances in the short-term memory area.

Changing Hungarians' L1 education / Jövőt formáló anyanyelvi nevelés

The transmission and maintenance of Hungarian standard language ideology is extremely harmful socially because it perpetuates social inequity and reduces the nation's resources. The insistence on speaking Hungarian “correctly”, i.e., that all Hungarians speak their mother tongue “correctly”, is both unrealistic and socially extremely damaging. In addition to anecdotal evidence cited from belletristic authors Gyula Illyés (1930s), Szilárd Borbély (21st century) and others, the results of several sociolinguistic studies are cited to show how unrealistic such expectations are. These studies cover important sociolinguistic variables e.g., t-final verbs and the inessive case ending (bVn) as used by Hungarians in Hungary, in Transcarpathia (Ukraine) and in Transylvania (Rumania). The social harms that result are illustrated by several well-documented cases of linguicism. The author recommends that the evaluation of linguistic phenomena in terms of “correct – incorrect” should be abandoned and replaced by “appropriate – inappropriate” evaluations (where appropriate language use varies according to speech partners and speech situations). The subtractive language education prevalent in Hungarian schools should be replaced by additive education. Teacher training should be revamped similarly, but the most difficult task ahead is changing the culture of widespread belief in “correct Hungarian” and cultivating a more democratic language ideology which, rather than striving to eliminate language variation, respects linguistic varieties and their speakers.

PENYULUHAN TINDAK TUTUR YANG SANTUN DALAM MEMPENGARUHI ETIKA BERBAHASA ANAK DI RULI BALOI KOLAM, BATAM

Language is a means of communication between humans in people's lives in the sound of speech produced by human speech instruments. Language in its function as a means of communication its existence is very important in society. Without language in communicating, between speakers and interlocutors will have difficulty in capturing the communication message. Communication through language allows everyone to adjust to their physical and social environment and to learn the habits, culture and background of the interlocutor. Our culture judges that speaking using polite language will show our true ethics, education, and culture as human beings who are well respected as human beings. Whether or not a speech is polite depends on the size of the politeness of the people speaking a language. Speech in Indonesian is generally considered polite if speakers or speech partners use words that do not contain direct ridicule, do not command directly, and respect others. Good and correct use of language will be necessary in conveying messages to others. Both direct and indirect messages use message characteristics that need to be understood by others. The use of language to communicate is inseparable from the determinants of communication acts and the principles of politeness and realized in communication acts.

Deiksis Dialek Bugis dan Makassar Kecamatan Sangkarrang Kelurahan Barrang Caddi Kota Makassar

This study aims to describe the deixis usage of the Makassar and Bugis dialects in Makassar City, Barrang Caddi Village, and Sangkarrang District. This study employed a descriptive-qualitative methodology. Based on the collected data, it was discovered that both dialects are used in society, and that both pay close attention to the degree of politeness when speaking, particularly to elder speech partners. Additionally, there will be variations in the usage of deixis between speech partners if they belong to different social classes or societal levels, such as those descended from the aristocracy. Five deixis—persona deixis (first singular, plural, second singular, second plural, third)—show distinctions between the usage of Bugis and Makassar deixis.

Principles Analysis Of Grice's Cooperation In Events Speech In Traditional Markets: A Pragmatic Study

Speakers and speech partners in a speech event cannot be separated from the rules governing the act of using language so that speech can run well. One of the language principles in pragmatic studies is the cooperative principle or Grice's cooperative maxims which divide the principles in question namely, 1) maxim of quantity, 2) maxim of quality, 3) maxim of relevance ( maxim of relevance), and 4) maxim of manner. This research was conducted to find out the application of Grice's cooperation maxims in speech events in the market. The population of this study are all traders and buyers who are transacting within the market scope. Whereas, Sampling was determined using random sampling technique or random sampling by taking as many as 10 to 15 conversational samples in trader and buyer transactions. Data collection is carried out by tapping or recording techniques. Data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely, data reduction, data modeling, and drawing/verifying conclusions. It is obtained that three out of the four Grice cooperation maxims are fulfilled. This conclusion is drawn from the results of processing or analysis of data obtained during the research. The three maxims fulfilled include; 1) maxim of quantity, 2) maxim of quality, and 3) maxim of manner. Meanwhile, the maxim that is violated is the maxim of relevance. One of the reasons why the maxim of relevance is violated by traders is to divert attention. This aims to offer or introduce other merchandise when the goods needed by the buyer are not available or out of stock.

CODE SWITCHING IN THE SPEECH OF THE NORTH KALIMANTAN BORDER COMMUNITY—MALAYSIA

The purpose of the study is to describe the forms of code-switching in the speech of border community groups in Nunukan and Malinau who use two or more languages in their daily communication and to find the factors that determine code-switching in the speech of border community groups. This research method is sociolinguistic field research employing a qualitative descriptive design. The data sources are the border community organizations of Nunukan and Malinau. The study consists of primary data in spontaneous speech from various contexts of speech events by border community groups of Nunukan and Malinau and secondary data in information, sociocultural background, and language gleaned from observations and interviews. The results of this study show that (1) the forms of code-switching in the speech of border communities of Nunukan and Malinau consist of code-switching from Bugis to Indonesian and vice versa, from Tidung to Indonesian and vice versa, from Banjarese to Indonesian and vice versa, and from Indonesian to Malay-Malay and vice versa. (2) The factors that cause code-switching in the speech of border community groups (Nunukan and Malinau) are speakers, speech partners, attendance and departure of speech participants, and variations in the topic of conversation.

A Pragma-Dialectical Study as a Directive Speech Act Pattern of a Lecturer to the Students in an Online Learning

This study aims to describe the patterns of directive speech acts of lecturers and students in online learning of Scientific Work courses. This research is a pragma-dialectical study using descriptive qualitative method. The research data are the utterances of lecturers and students of the Early Childhood Educator Teacher Education Study Program (PG-PAUD) of the Distance University in Borneo, Indonesia. All speakers are female with the age range of 25-40 years. Data were obtained from the online learning process using the Microsoft Teams in four webinar tutorial meetings. The data were collected using techniques of listening, note-taking, recording and screenshot. The results of the study found six patterns of directive speech acts contained in four critical discussions, namely requests, orders, questions, prohibitions, and persuasions, as well as invitations. The form of directive speech act patterns found is the most dominant pattern in speech. This form of speech pattern is widely used by speakers (lecturers) and speech partners (students) with the aim of testing students’ understanding or reminding students.

Alih Kode Dan Campur Kode Dalam Video Youtube Nessie Judge

The purpose of this study is to describe the forms of code switching and code mixing that occur in Nessie Judge's YouTube videos. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive method. The data collection technique in this study was the listening technique and the note taking technique, namely by listening and observing the contents of Nessie Judge's YouTube videos and then noting the forms of code switching and code mixing that occurred. The source of this research data comes from one of Nessie Judge's YouTube videos. In this study, data analysis techniques included re-reading video transcripts, recording conversations involving code-mixing and code-switching, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that there are 19 data in the form of code switching and 20 data in the form of code mixing. Code switching and code mixing are caused by speakers and speech partners who are both able to use more than two languages.

Tindak Tutur Percakapan dengan Menggunakan Bahasa Jawa Di Lingkungan Sekolah

This research is a qualitative approach research that aims to identify and describe speech acts in student conversations in speech acts when learning Javanese. While the background in this study is that Javanese is known as a complicated language because it has various variations according to the level called the speech level. The level of speech in Javanese is a system to show the degree of formality, and the degree of respect the speaker has with the speech partner he is talking to. The data of this study are transcripts and conversations of students' speech acts originating from the selected respondents. Data collection was carried out using observation techniques, listening techniques, recording techniques and note-taking techniques. Analysis of the data used in this study using heuristic methods. The analysis carried out in this research is to identify the types of speech acts, the forms of speech acts, speech acts and speech functions. Pragmatic analysis determines the intent of the speaker, whether expressed explicitly or implicitly, behind the speech. The results of the study concluded that in good learning in starting learning, conveying lessons and ending learning, several types of speech acts were found in Javanese subjects to improve the ability to speak words using Javanese. The speech acts include; (1) representative or assertive speech acts, (2) directive speech acts, (3) expressive speech acts, and (4) commissive speech acts. These four types of speech acts are always found when students speak words through the Javanese learning process and answer questions.

Tindak Tutur Asertif, Direktif, Ekspresif Dalam Lirik Lagu حمود الخضر /Humood Al-Khudher/

This study discusses the form of illocutionary speech acts in Humūd Al Khudher's songs entitled Kun Anta (كُنْ أَنْتَ), and Salamy (سلامي). The purpose of this study was to identify the form of illocutionary speech acts in Kun Anta (كُنْ أَنْتَ) and Salamy (سلامي). The method used in this study is the listening method which is continued with the basic tapping technique then continued with the advanced technique I, namely the capable free listening technique (SBLC) and continued with the advanced technique II, namely the recording technique. An assertive speech act is a utterance intended to bind the speaker to something that happened, to the truth of the proposition that is expressed and can be judged right and wrong. the assertive type of utterance in the lyrics of Humūd Al-Khuḍer's song is to inform and affirm. A directive speech act is a speech intended by a speaker to make a speech partner do something, the directive type of utterance in the lyrics of Humūd Al-Khuḍer's song is to advise. And expressive speech acts are utterances intended to express the psychological state of the speaker specified in the propositional content, the expressive type of utterance in the lyrics of Humūd Al-Khuḍer's song is regret, respect and giving do'a.

STRUKTUR PERCAKAPAN PODCAST PADA CHANNEL YOUTUBE DEDDY CORBUZIER DALAM MENANGANI COVID-19

The ability to speak in public in the digital era 4.0 is increasingly developing using digital media, one of which is podcasts. Podcasts have a different structure from other types of speaking discourse in general. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to describe the structure of podcast conversations on Deddy Corbuzier's youtube channel in dealing with covid-19. This study uses a qualitative approach with qualitative content analysis methods. The source of the data in this study is Deddy Corbuizer's podcast and the data in this study are all oral utterances that occur during the conversation process. Data collection using documentation techniques. The data analysis technique was carried out by content analysis techniques, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study found, speaking turns occur because of an understanding between the speaker and the speech partner in taking their turn to speak, pauses include short pauses and medium pauses, short pauses occur in the middle of speech marked by the phrase ehh and pauses are occurring at the end of the speech because there is no direct response. from the speech partner, overlapping speech occurs because of the speaking turn taking by the speech partner before the speaker gives the opportunity, backchannel occurs because of a response from the speech partner on the sidelines of the speaker's statement in the form of heem, he'eh, yes, okay, and pair Ajesensi is marked by the presence of questions asking how are you at the beginning of the conversation and thanks at the end of the conversation, in this case the questions and greetings already have automatic answers. This shows that in Deddy Corbuzier's podcast conversation there is a complete conversation structure. And has its own characteristics, especially in opening direct conversations to the point without too many introductions like other types of discourse

Japanese Directive Speech

Language in role as a means of communication could result in relationships between speakers of to said. The use of language in the process of communication is very important, because community life is made possible by speech. Speechs are used to information of ideas, intentions directly or indirectly. Speech act serves to declare mean it is speakers by speech partners of said. Directive speech is the type of a speech that used by speakers of to send the speech partner said do something. The use of directive speech in conveying a speech should look factors affecting the speech. The porpuse in this research was to identify the directive speech acts and factors that affect the level of politeness. The method in this research used qualitative method with descriptive analysis method. The theory in this research used were speech act theory by Yule and politeness theory by Mizutani. The results of the analysis, the forms of directive speech acts contained in the comic Ore wo Suki Nano wa Omae dake kayo are 1) directive speech acts of command marked by tamae and nasai, 2) directive speech acts of requests marked by te kure, naide kure, te kudasai, tte, te, and te hoshii; 3) the directive speech act of an invitation is marked with mashou; 4) directive speech acts of permission marked by te mo ii and 5) directive speech acts of suggestions marked with houga ii. Directive speech is influenced by several factors, namely: 1) familiarity factor; 2) age; 3) social relationship; 4) gender and 5) situation.