Speech Acts Research Articles

USE OF INNOVATIVE METHODS IN IMPROVING THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS

This graduation work is dedicated to the study of the methodology of aesthetic education of children in art-speech activities in the education of elementary school teachers. The main goal of the research is to improve the moral and spiritual education of elementary school teachers through artistic and speech activities, and to provide them with new methodological approaches that can be used in pedagogical activities.

CorrTalk: Correlation Between Hierarchical Speech and Facial Activity Variances for 3D Animation

CorrTalk: Correlation Between Hierarchical Speech and Facial Activity Variances for 3D Animation

Complaints Speech Acts between Customer and Staff at Western Cafe

A complaint is an expression of dissatisfaction about an act, omission, decision, or service that expects of the feedback given by the user. This study focuses on an interaction between customer and server: Western Café In Canggu strongly conveys the interaction using speech act categories. The objective of this study is to ascertain the many classifications of speech acts employed within the context of interactions between restaurant customers and servers. The method and technique used to capture data for this study were qualitative analysis and note-taking. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by using theory: Searle’s theory of speech act (1969) and Austin (1962) is used to define and classify the categories of speech act used by the server and customer. The findings show from every interaction that guest and server made and expressing of directive and expressive. Directive point is the most common illocutionary act used in conversation that how make easier the hearer to understand what the speaker mean.

Exploring Directive Acts and Their Connection to FTA in Surat Yusuf: A Pragmatic Study

This research employs Searle's (1969) Speech Acts Theory and Brown and Levinson's (1987) Politeness Theory as core frameworks to meticulously analyse the intricate interplay between directive acts and face-threatening-acts within Surat Yusuf from the Glorious Quran. The study describes the use of these techniques in communication between Prophet Yusuf (peace be upon him) and his father, brothers, Al Aziz, Al Aziz's wife, and the prisoners. Taking into account variables like social distance and relative power dynamics, the research sheds light on the complex language strategies employed. The questions of the research can be summarized as, is there a strong relation between directive acts and face-threatening acts? Do the context and social distance of the interlocutors effect this relation? The objectives of the study sheds lights on the different ways of expressing directives acts such as requests, questions, orders…etc. with relation to face-threatening acts. The data analysis provides thorough insights into the communication dynamics within religious narratives. The research at hand has inferences for a variety of contexts and disciplines, advancing both academic and applied understandings. Finally, the study is regarded as a qualitative one with no stylistic analysis. The main conclusions of this study show that directive acts have different forms depending on different factors. Directive acts may have a specific form but a different function.

Effective Communication in Action: Unveiling Teacher Speech Acts in Indonesian Language Education

The Community Service (PKM) aims to analyze the speech acts of teachers used when teaching Indonesian subjects to students at Tinggimoncong State Elementary School, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi Province. This service was carried out by involving Indonesian language teachers as partners in exploring the variety of speech acts used in delivering material in class. This service applied classroom observations, interviews, and recordings as data collection techniques. Data analysis used a qualitative approach, specifically a systematic coding of the observed interactions, to identify the dominant speech acts used by teachers when delivering the material. The results of the service show that the variety of speech acts used by teachers during Indonesian language learning are directive speech acts used to give instructions to students, expressive speech acts used to build emotional relationships with students, commissive speech acts, and declarative speech acts appear in explaining and giving teacher assignments to students. Teachers use assertive speech acts to express, state, and inform about subjects taught in class. This PKM activity also provides training to teachers on the application of speech acts that can increase the effectiveness of learning in the classroom. Implementing the findings positively impacts the communication skills of teachers teaching subjects, mainly Indonesian.

INTEGRATION OF ONLINE LEARNING RESOURCES INTO ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING TO DEVELOP AND IMPROVE GRAMMATICAL SKILLS OF SPEECH ACTIVITY

Background. The integration of online learning resources into English language teaching has great potential for the development and improvement of grammatical skills of speech activity. With the help of modern technology, learners can learn the language more effectively and conveniently by accessing a variety of learning materials, educational games, online courses, etc. This allows them to deepen their knowledge, practice skills and develop vocabulary in an interactive way. With online learning resources, instructors can create interesting assignments and lessons that are personalized to the individual needs of students. This approach enhances learning and helps students reach the desired level of English more quickly. In general, the integration of online learning resources into the educational process is a necessary and modern approach that helps to improve the quality of learning and achieve better results. Purpose. To analyze modern online resources in order to integrate them into English language teaching for the development and improvement of grammatical skills of speech activity. Materials and methods. For research we use such methods as analysis of existing online resources, surveys of students and teachers, as well as observations of the learning process were used for the study. In addition, it is important to take into account the individual characteristics of learners and adapt the approach to them. Results. The results of the study showed that the integration of online learning resources into English language teaching does contribute to the development and improvement of students' grammatical skills of speech activity. Online resources provide an opportunity to access a variety of teaching materials, interactive tasks and tests that help students to better learn grammatical rules and consolidate them in practice. The survey of subject teachers showed the relevance of the research topic and the importance of integrating these methods into the teaching process. In addition, the integration of online learning resources into English language teaching is an effective tool for developing grammar skills and improving learners' speech activities.

Automating the Analysis of Speech Acts in Teams to Understand Distributed Sensemaking

Automating the Analysis of Speech Acts in Teams to Understand Distributed Sensemaking

BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM OF EXERCISES FOR WORKING WITH TEXTS IN THE PROCESS OF STUDYING THE SUBJECT «FOREIGN LANGUAGE FOR PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES» FOR THE SPECIALTY OF «PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION»

The successful professional activity of a good specialist requires mastery of a foreign language at the level of daily communication, as well as a significant amount of lexical material in the field of professional activity and its free operation. It is of peculiar need for the professionals in the sphere of public management and administration. The ways of mastering the language of professional communication are the same as in the general education course. The additional requirements are caused by the need of mastering professional vocabulary. Reading as a means of communication has significant practical value for specialists in public management and administration as they deal with documents and misunderstandings can cause problems. In this regard, the study of the English language is lbased on the reading of professional texts should be given as much attention as possible. This type of speech activity should be singled out as a dominant component of professional English language learning, That is why preparing students for independent reading, teaching them to read correctly and to perceive what they read is the matter of peculiar interest. For the successful implementation of the set goals, it is very important from the very beginning of education to create the right attitude of students to reading as a type of language activity that has its own specific communicative task, as a means of obtaining information. When choosing material for reading, it is worth taking into account such requirements for a text as the modernity of the work, accessibility, exemplarity, meaningfulness, versatility, compliance with the level of students’ training, etc. The motivation of students’ reading activity and activity will depend on the completeness of these conditions. Independent work in reading can become an effective factor that ensures the enrichment of the active vocabulary of the future specialist. This will increase students’ motivation to learn a foreign language. Work on individual reading can make the process of forming lexical competence more effective. It is advisable to use developments for the teacher in combination with methodical recommendations for students. Intensive independent and classroom work of students with a professional text significantly improves the quality of foreign language learning.

You might want to tone down your advice: An experimental investigation of the speech act of advice in French

Abstract We present experimental results from a web-based study on the speech act of giving advice in French. 86 L1 speakers of French had to continue short and written fictitious interactions we created, in which we manipulated the adviser’s level of experience (explicitly experienced, explicitly inexperienced, or no precision) and the hierarchical relationship between adviser and advisee (top-down, bottom-up, and equals). Participants had to choose between four types of continuations, from indirect strategies to direct prototypical imperative strategies, with variations of the face-threatening value in some continuations, as per Brown and Levinson’s politeness theory. Main results from Bayesian regression analyses indicate an overall preference for indirect strategies in French, but also suggest influences from the level of experience and hierarchical relationship. These results will allow for a better understanding of advice as a speech act and contribute to a growing body of work in experimental pragmatics.

Thinking Together: Advising as Collaborative Deliberation

We spend a good deal of time thinking about how and when to advise others, and how to respond to others advising us. But philosophical discussions of the nature and norms of advising have been scattered and somewhat disconnected. The most focused discussion has come from philosophers of language interested in whether advising is an assertive or directive kind of speech act. This paper argues that the ordinary category of advising is much more heterogenous than has been appreciated: it is possible to advise by asserting relevant facts, by issuing directives, by asking questions, and by other kinds of adviceless advising. The heterogeneity of advising makes speech act-theoretic accounts of advising look like accounts of special cases, which motivates us to look elsewhere for an account of what advising is. I suggest that we think about advising as a distinctive species of joint practical thinking, which I shall call collaborative deliberation, and show how our need for a concept to pick out this kind of joint activity emerges from our practical needs as deliberators. This view helps to illuminate a number of puzzling features of advising, and offers some guidance to be better at advising and at being advised.

An Analysis of Speech Act Strategy Used by Teacher in Teaching English as Foreign Language

This research elucidated and examined the practice of teacher speech actions in the context of teaching English as a second language. The present study used qualitative research approaches. The present study investigated the verbal expressions of professors at Universitas Negeri Makassar. The data consisted of teacher comments and other utterances. The researcher actively participated in all aspects of this inquiry, including the whole process from concept to data report. Data was obtained by audio video and observational methods. The data was gathered, documented, chosen to align with study objectives, organized into data sheets, and then analyzed and assessed using Searle's speech act theory. The study revealed that the teacher used many speech acts, including locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary activities. There were 122 words (51.69%) that had locutionary actions. There was a total of 107 illocutionary activities, accounting for 45.33% of the utterances, and 7 perlocutionary acts, or 2.97%. Teachers using speech acts in English instruction use them to validate, rectify, elucidate, apprise, and assert on behalf of their students. Directives include a range of directives, such as reminders, requests, instructions, and warnings. Expressive words include expressions of gratitude, warm greetings, praises, and dissatisfaction. Compliments are reciprocal in nature. Instructions were used by teachers the most often, accounting for 93 instances or 45.15 percent of all speech activities. The purpose of the teacher's speech was to pose an inquiry.

Machine Translation Shifts on The Meaning Equivalence of Culture Sentence and Illocutionary Speech Acts: Back-Translation

Machine Translation Shifts on The Meaning Equivalence of Culture Sentence and Illocutionary Speech Acts: Back-Translation

A DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT IN THE BLIND SIDE MOVIE BY JOHN LEE HANCOCK

A speech act is an act performed by saying something. This study aims : 1) to find_out_thetypes of locutionary act, 2) to find out the types of perlocutionary act, and 3) to find out thetypes of illocutionary act in The Blind Side movie by John Lee Hancock. Moreover, this studyconcerned on the use of directive speech act. The researcher used qualitative method with thetype of a library research to describe and analyze the utterances that consisted of speech act.The method of collecting data is non-participant observation and documentation. Interactivemodel data of analysis used to analyze the data. The result of this study showed that : 1) therewere 227 utterances consisted of locutionary act which had no types, 2) there are 227utterances consisted of perlocutionary act which had no types and 3) there are 227 utterancesconsisted of illocutionary act which included asserives, declaratives, commisives, expressivesand declaratives. Furthermore, the writer found 131 utterances consisted of directive speechact which had 31 of requirements, 64 of questions, 20 of requestives, 6 of prohibitives, 3 ofpermissives and 7 of advisories. From the result of this research, the questions types inDirective Speech Act was the most dominant used by major and minor character as thespeakers.Keywords : Locutionary Acts, Perlocutionary Acts, Illocutionary Acts, DirectiveSpeech Act, A Qualitative Research

Speech Acts and Leech's Maxims in Presidential Insulting

Speech Acts and Leech's Maxims in Presidential Insulting

Thewo Tibetan’s /ta33/ and /nə33/

Abstract This paper has three aims. First, in its form, this paper uses a narrative style to overtly highlight the iterative process used to identify the meaning of the two suffixes in question. Second, this paper seeks to describe the intricate workings of two verbal suffixes in Thewo Tibetan. Finally, this paper makes a defense of why these two suffixes belong to the category of evidentiality. Thewo Tibetan is spoken in China on the Gansu-Sichuan border. The suffixes /ta33/ and /nə33/ appear either directly after action verbs, or directly after the progressive aspect marker. /nə33/ is used to express that the speaker has sensory information of their claim at the time of the speech act. The temporal nature of the evidence, whether it is sensory information of the act itself or of the results of the act, is determined in part by the semantics of the verb (telic vs non-telic). In contrast, /ta33/ is used to express that at the time of the speech act, the speaker no longer has sensory evidence (but formerly did) of the stated action. Based upon these observations, this paper argues that temporal space and verbal semantics are key to understanding the cognition which underlies interpreting /nə33/ and /ta33/. As such, this paper makes the following three contributions: (1) In its form it provides an anecdote of failures and success along the path to identifying the function and meaning of two evidential suffixes; (2) It introduces two suffixes of the hitherto un-described Thewo Tibetan evidential system; and (3) It gives an in-depth analysis of these suffixes and offers evidence to support the claim that they are evidential suffixes.

Features of the Formation of Communicative Competence in Russian Language Lessons

Communicative competence plays an important role in the formation of communication skills in Russian. According to the authors of the article, in Russian language lessons, special attention should be paid to developing the ability to correctly use language tools for effective communication. Classes should be structured in such a way as to stimulate students to active speech activity, develop listening skills and the ability to adequately respond to the statements of their interlocutor. It is also important to promote the formation of intercultural communication skills and increase the linguistic literacy of students. The authors emphasize that in their work, teachers should use a variety of methods and forms of work aimed at developing the communicative competence of students, including role-playing games, discussions, work in pairs and groups, as well as the use of authentic texts and audio materials.

Tindak Tutur Direktif dalam Novel Azzamine Karya Sophie Aulia

This study aims to describe: (1) the types of directive speech acts in the novel Azzamine by Sophie Aulia. (2) the strategy of directive speech action in the novel Azzamine by Sophie Aulia. (3) the function of directive speech in the novel Azzamine by Sophie Aulia. The object of this research is Sophie Aulia's novel Azzamine which was published in 2022. "Directive speech can be seen in direct communication and can also be seen in a written book in the form of a novel. As a fictional writing, the novel shows the storyline through dialogue between characters. Dialogue in a novel is a form of speech in a certain unique situation or position of speech. This study was conducted to describe (1) the types of directive speech acts in the novel Azzamine by Sophie Aulia, (2) the strategy of directive speech actions in the novel Azzamine by Sophie Aulia, and (3) the function of directive speech acts in the novel Azzamine by Sophie Aulia. This research is a qualitative research using the description method. The data source used in this study is the dialogue of all the characters in Sophie Aulia's novel Azzamine which contains directive speech. The data collection technique in this study, the researcher utilizes the corpus linguistic method using Kortara for data collection and classifies the amount of data that is believed to be included in the act of directive speech. Data analysis is carried out in several steps as follows: (1) identifying data classified as a type of directive speech act using the KORTARA application, (2) classifying data based on research objectives, (3) analyzing the classified data, (5) formulating conclusions from the analysis results. Based on data analysis, three research findings were found. First, there are 5 types of directive speech acts, namely, directive speech acts of instructing, directive speech acts of probing, directive speech acts of demanding, and directive speech acts of defiance. The most dominant directive speech is the directive speech act of ordering and the least used is the act of challenging directive speech. Second, five speaking strategies, namely, "speaking frankly without further ado (BTTB), speaking frankly with positive politeness (BBKP), speaking frankly with negative politeness (BTBKN), vague speaking strategy (BSS), and speaking in the heart or silence (BDH). The most dominant speaking strategy is the strategy of speaking frankly without further ado (BTTB) and the least used is the strategy of speaking in the heart or silently (BDH). Third, the four functions of directive speech acts, namely, competitive functions, convivial functions, collaborative functions, and conflictive functions. The most dominant function of directive speech is the competitive function and the least used is the collaborative function, and the conflictive function.

Tindak Tutur Ekspresif dalam Novel Berbahasa Minangkabau Rindu Banda Sapuluah Karya Ermanto Tolantang: Metode Linguistik Korpus

This study aims to explain two main points of discussion, namely (1) types of expressive speech acts in the Minangkabau language novel Rindu Banda Sapuluah by Ermanto Tolantang and (2) expressive speech strategies in the Minangkabau language novel Rindu Banda Sapuluah by Ermanto Tolantang. This research uses qualitative research with descriptive method. The data in this study were obtained from the utterances containing expressive speech acts in the Minangkabau novel Rindu Banda Sapuluah by Ermanto Tolantang. Data collection techniques use documentation techniques with written sources, namely the Minangkabau language novel Rindu Banda Sapuluah by Ermanto Tolantang in the form of documents as a place for data collection, assisted by the corpus linguistics application KORTARA (Korpus Nusantara). The results showed that (1) there are twelve types of expressive speech acts, including joy, criticism, hatred, pleasure, misery, thanking, congratulating, apologizing, complaining, criticizing, praising, and expressing condolences and (2) five expressive speech strategies, including speaking frankly without pleasantries, speaking frankly with positive politeness, speaking frankly with negative politeness, speaking vaguely, and speaking silently. The most dominant type of expressive speech act used is the expressive speech act of complaining and the most dominant speech strategy used is the strategy of speaking frankly without pleasantries.

Speech action patterns of Indonesian at multi-language campus

This study aims to describe the types and functions of speech acts constructed by Indonesian Language and Literature Education students at the Teaching and Education Faculty, Universitas Jambi, who have multilingual backgrounds. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Data were collected from 30 informants. Data was collected using free listening techniques in various settings on the campus, as well as recordings and field notes. Data were analyzed using the flow technique from Miles and Huberman through the steps of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The data validation technique used theory and method triangulation techniques. The results of the research can be seen in events of students of Indonesian Language and Literature Education, Teaching and Education Faculty, Universitas Jambi, which is multilingual, including speech acts; (1) commission, (2) assertive, (3) declarative, (4) expressive, and (5) directive. Likewise, the function of the speech act that is revealed is a function; (1) competitive, (2) fun, (3) cooperative, (4) contradictory. The students’ multilingual background in uncovering the types and functions of speech acts consists of speakers of the language; (1) Bugis, (2) Batak, (3) Malay Jambi, (4) Javanese, (5) Palembang, (6) Kerinci, and (7) Minangkabau. The speech patterns built by speakers of different mother tongues can be seen and the cultural background of each ethnicity is very influential. Their cultural different background brings about different styles of language. The language culture of Bugis, Batak, and Palembang speakers feels more assertive, and vulgar and shows a slightly harsh tone. Whereas, those with a cultural background in Minangkabau, Kerinci, Javanes, and Jambi Malay languages feel more relaxed and softer. This can be seen both in each type of speech act, as well as in terms of the expression of the function of the speech act. However, when they are faced with the reality of being multi-language, they are forced to use Bahasa Indonesia, and in turn, they become a reflection of patterns of speech acts in Bahasa Indonesia as well as a profile of Indonesian sociolinguistics.

Investigating the association between symptoms and functional activity in brain regions in schizophrenia: A cross-sectional fmri-based neuroimaging study

Schizophrenia is a persistent neurological disorder profoundly affecting cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functions, prominently characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disordered speech, and abnormal motor activity. These symptoms often present diagnostic challenges due to their overlap with other forms of psychosis. Therefore, the implementation of automated diagnostic methodologies is imperative. This research leverages Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), a neuroimaging modality capable of delineating functional activations across diverse brain regions. Furthermore, the utilization of evolving machine learning techniques for fMRI data analysis has significantly progressive. Here, our study stands as a novel attempt, focusing on the comprehensive assessment of both classical and atypical symptoms of schizophrenia. We aim to uncover associated changes in brain functional activity. Our study encompasses two distinct fMRI datasets (1.5T and 3T), each comprising 34 schizophrenia patients for the 1.5T dataset and 25 schizophrenia patients for the 3T dataset, along with an equal number of healthy controls. Machine learning algorithms are applied to assess data subsets, enabling an in-depth evaluation of the current functional condition concerning symptom impact. The identified voxels contribute to determining the brain regions most influenced by each symptom, as quantified by symptom intensity. This rigorous approach has yielded various new findings while maintaining an impressive classification accuracy rate of 97 %. By elucidating variations in activation patterns across multiple brain regions in individuals with schizophrenia, this study contributes to the understanding of functional brain changes associated with the disorder. The insights gained may inform differential clinical interventions and provide a means of assessing symptom severity accurately, offering new avenues for the management of schizophrenia.