Spectrum Of Same Disease Research Articles

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE ABOUT DANDRUFF AND SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS

Background: Seborrheic dermatitis is a common inammatory skin disease clinically characterized by erythematous, scaly patches on sebaceous gland–rich sites. Seborrheic Dermatitis (SD) and Dandruff are continuous spectrum of same disease. Dandruff is restricted to scalp, involves itchy, aking skin without visible inammation. Objectives: This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) about Dandruff and Seborrheic dermatitis among Medical students. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted among Medical students at a tertiary care centre, using a questionnaire, from May 2022 To August 2022. Scoring was done for each questionnaire and, levels of Knowledge, attitude and practice were classied into Poor, Inadequate and Good. Results: Questionnaire was completed and submitted by 400 medical students. Majority of the participants(84%) had experienced Dandruff. 82.5% participants felt that the conditions cause Embarrassment. Only 40% respondents believed that Dandruff and Seborrheic Dermatitis were continuous spectrum of same disease. Scratching(96.5%), Emotional Stress(49.5%) ,Winter(49.75%) and Western diet(51%) were believed to aggravate SD. 33.25% students were not aware of conditions' treatment . For treatment, 46.25% Individuals preferred Home Remedies, 33% visited doctor. Antifungal shampoos(68%), Topical keratolytics(11.5%) and Topical corticosteroids(10.75%) were preferred for Treatment . Good levels of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice was seen in only 24.5%, 39.25% and 34.25% participants respectively. Conclusion: Majority of the participants lacked good levels of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice, suggesting the need for implementation of additional education about very common conditions like Dandruff and Seborrheic Dermatitis in medical curriculum

Revisiting "Meniere's Disease" as "Cervicogenic Endolymphatic Hydrops" and Other Vestibular and Cervicogenic Vertigo as "Spectrum of Same Disease": A Novel Concept.

Vertigo and dizziness are one of the commonest and least understood symptom. Vestibular vertigo of Meniere's disease and Benign Paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and cervicogenic dizziness are classified as separate entities. Cervicogenic dizziness is not considered the domain of Otolaryngologists, as it is mainly related to neck proprioceptors. Headache and neck pain, have been found to be associated with both Meniere's disease and BPPV, so is cervicogenic dizziness. The present study was undertaken to study the association between cervical signs and symptoms in patients with Vestibular Vertigo of Meniere's disease, Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo and cervicogenic dizziness. 132 patients complaining of vertigo and diagnosed with Meniere's disease, BPPV or cervicogenic dizziness were examined for symptoms and signs related to neck, shoulder and muscle tightness and asymmetry. Most of the patients of Meniere's Disease (80% for unilateral and 88.23% for bilateral), Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (75%for right sided BPPV, 66.67% for left sided BPPV) and cervicogenic dizziness (90%) had associated symptoms of neck pain or headache, and were found to be positive for neck tightness and/or asymmetry of shoulder. Headache was more common in patients with Meniere's Disease. Vestibular Dizziness of Meniere's Disease, Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo and Cervicogenic Dizziness may be spectrum of the same disease with underlying myofascial problems. Meniere's Disease of Idiopathic or primary type needs to be revisited as Cervicogenic Hydrops.

Coombs‐positive Autoimmune Haemolytic Anemia in Ulcerative Colitis: Spectrum of Same Disease?

Hae Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is known to be associated with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA). This rare complication has been described in 0.2 to 0.7% of adult patients affected by UC. 1.82% of patients with UC have a positive direct Coombs test without evidence of haemolysis. The aetiology is not completely understood; colon seems to play a role in the production of anti-erythrocytes antibodies and sometimes colectomy is necessary to resolve refractory haemolisys in UC. We report a case of Coombs-positive haemolytic anemia (AIHA) refractory to steroids and immunoglobulin infusions (IVIG) in a child with severe UC. Case report: a 7-year-old patient with UC followed at GI Unit of Meyer Children Hospital of Florence, was admitted to our Clinic because of jaundice. He had a history of severe steroid-refractory UC which had been controlled with cyclosporine and azathioprine. At time of admission UC was in remission on azathioprine and mesalazine although mild intestinal bleeding was occasionally present. Examination revealed pallor, skin and scleral icterus, tachycardia, palpable splenic tip; laboratory tests revealed Coombs-positive haemolytic anemia. IVIG (1 gr/kg/day for 3 days) and oral prednisone (2 mg/kg/day) were prescribed with clinical improvement. The child was discharged with oral steroids and azathioprine. Four weeks later, while on oral steroids (1 mg/kg/day), the child had again haemolytic crisis refractory to IVIG (1 gr/kg/day for 3 days) and metylpredisone pulses. Colonscopy revealed active mucosal lesions. Cyclosporine was then introduced orally. On this treatment both AIHA and UC went in remission. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of the association of AIHA and UC in childhood. In our case the clinical course of AIHA and treatment response requiring immunosuppressive therapy seemed to be dependent on UC activity. Presumably the colon displays a role in the production of anti-erythrocyte antibodies.

Haemolytic anaemia in ulcerative colitis: Spectrum of same disease?

Haemolytic anaemia in ulcerative colitis: Spectrum of same disease?