Specific Practical Recommendations Research Articles

Proposing an Individual-in-Contexts Model for Reimagining Suicide Screening, Assessment, and Intervention in Black Communities

Suicidality affects millions of people in the United States every year. Despite its pervasiveness, suicidality often impacts minoritized communities disproportionately. For example, Black communities, with historically low suicidality rates, have experienced significant increases in deaths by suicide in the last two decades. Such increases have occurred in unique and complex individual and contextual relationships such as historical trauma, racialized ecological injustices, structural and institutional racism, resource-deprived communities, forced family separation through over-incarceration, interpersonal discrimination, and internalized shame. While traditional psychiatric, psychological, and public health approaches have undoubtedly prevented some suicides, these fields of study often overlook or obscure the interconnections between upstream, oppressive systemic dynamics and downstream, individual-level factors that uniquely contribute to suicidality in Black communities. To address these oversights and limitations, and to re-imagine human services professionals’ suicide screening, assessment, and intervention with Black communities, The Individual-in-Contexts Model (ICM) is offered. This model integrates critical, ecological, contextual, and Black feminist scholarship frameworks, and provides rationale for specific human services research, practice, and policy recommendations.

Attending to Power: Stakeholder Perspectives on Training Physicians to Address Intimate Partner Violence.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with a wide range of mental and physical health concerns. Research suggests that many physicians lack knowledge and skills to adequately respond to patients experiencing IPV. In order to better integrate physicians' contributions into intersectoral responses to IPV, we asked stakeholders with expertise and experience related to IPV about the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors they wanted them to have. Guided by principles of interpretive description, and using a key informant method, we conducted unstructured interviews with 18 stakeholders in IPV-related frontline, managerial, or policy roles in Ontario, Canada. Data collection and analysis proceeded iteratively through 2022; "thoughtful practitioners" outside the research team were recruited at key junctures to provide feedback on formative findings. Stakeholders suggested that "attending to power" should be a core principle for medical practice related to IPV. Attending to power encompassed understanding interactional, organizational, and structural power dynamics related to IPV and purposefully engaging with power, by taking action to empower people subjected to violence. Specific recommendations for practice concerned four focal contexts: relationships between partners, between patients and providers, between providers, and in social systems and structures. Strengthening physicians' capacity to attend to power dynamics relevant to their IPV practice is an important step in both improving medical care for people experiencing IPV and integrating physician contributions into other services and supports.

A ROAD MAP FOR THE TRANSITION TO A CARBON-FREE ECONOMY BASED ON THE ENERGY INNOVATIONS TRANSFER

This study aims to analyze existing scientific approaches to developing roadmaps in energy and innovation, identify key challenges hindering the transition to a carbon-neutral economy, and develop practical recommendations for Ukraine. Particular emphasis is placed on identifying and integrating legislative, economic, technological, and social aspects into energy innovation transfer to ensure an effective and sustainable transition. A literature review was conducted using key terms such as "roadmap," "energy," and "innovation," which allowed for the identification of the most relevant trends and approaches in this field.The article outlines the main challenges Ukraine faces in transitioning to a carbon-neutral economic model based on the transfer of energy innovations. These challenges include legislative barriers, insufficient economic incentives, technological difficulties, and social factors that slow down the implementation of innovations.Based on the identified problems and existing trends, a roadmap for Ukraine's transition to a carbon-neutral economy was developed, covering four key areas: legislative, economic, technological, and social. The sequence of steps and actions necessary to implement the transition scenario is detailed and presented visually.The article offers specific practical recommendations for Ukraine regarding the implementation of the roadmap, including necessary legislative changes, economic incentives, investments in technology, and measures to increase social awareness and support. Thus, this article makes an essential contribution to the scientific and practical discourse on the transition to a carbon-neutral economy, particularly in the context of Ukraine, and can serve as a foundation for further research and policy development in this area.

The method for comparing different blade shapes of flat knives of a rotary cultivator

BACKGROUND: In the process of tillage, flat knives of rotary cultivators are to carry out the process of cutting soil and weeds with minimal energy consumption and not to become clogged with weeds, which is due to the compliance of the parameters of their blades with operating conditions. However, despite the abundance of works devoted to the study of the working process of flat knives of rotary cultivators, there is not any method of a comparative assessment of the various shapes of their blades. AIM: Development of the method for comparing different blade shapes of flat knives of rotary cultivators. METHODS: The research design included studying the following issues: clarifying the conditions for weeds to fall off the curved blade of a flat knife performing a plane-parallel movement; determining the equation of the curve of a knife blade that satisfies the condition of weeds to fall off the blade; development of methods for comparative analysis of the energy intensity of the process of cutting soil with flat knives with blades of various shapes; experimental verification of theoretical conceptions. The study objects were the processes of interaction of weeds and soil with the blades of flat knives of various shapes. The studies were conducted during 2022 and 2023. RESULTS: The condition for weeds to fall off the curved blade of a flat knife performing a plane-parallel movement has been clarified (a more informative form of notation), based on which an equation for the rational curve of the blade has been obtained. The comprehensive method has been developed for comparing different shapes of blades of flat knives of rotary cultivators, according to the criteria of compliance with the condition of weeds to fall off the blade and the energy intensity of soil cutting. Examples of the application of the method for the analysis of various shapes of blades of flat knives of rotary cultivators and the development of one of the effective shapes, as well as the results of experimental studies are given. CONCLUSION: The proposed method helps to give specific practical recommendations on the advisability of using knives of one shape or another in the operating conditions under consideration, taking into account the operating parameters of the machines, as well as to create effective combined blades.

Analysis of the organisation’s marketing strategy in the conditions of the North using the example of the Nemyugunsky Bakery («NHZ GROUP»)

Nemyugunsky Bakery («NHZ GROUP») is one of the largest producers of bakery and confectionery products in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). In the North, bread is one of the main consumer products and has social significance. Bread production is an important branch of the food industry and the marketing analysis of an enterprise engaged in bread production is of significant relevance given the competition in the food market. This scientific article analyses the marketing strategy of the NHZ GROUP, considering the basic principles and methods used by the company to achieve its goals, and assessing the effectiveness of the strategies used. The study will identify successful practices and suggest improvements in the marketing strategy of the NHZ GROUP. Such research becomes especially relevant in the context of enterprise management in the food and retail sectors. The authors conducted an industry analysis of the market for bread and bakery products in Yakutsk, identified market participants, analysed the marketing strategy of the NHZ GROUP comp any, paying special attention to various promotion methods that maintain the company’s competitiveness and satisfy the needs of customers. Also, based on the analysis of the company’s marketing strategy, proposals for improving the marketing strategy were identified. The results of the study can serve as a basis for the formation of specific practical recommendations for improving the position of enterprises in this industry, as well as help improve the efficiency of their activities in the regional market.

Drivers of Higher Education Rankings: A Case Study of Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan is strategically focused on enhancing its international academic stature by exploring the determinants influencing higher education institution rankings. This study delves into the myriad factors shaping these rankings through qualitative interviews conducted with university authorities, local expert consultants, and the QS Consulting Team. Key determinants identified include the academic reputation of the university, research output, internationalization efforts, faculty development initiatives, and industrial collaborations. The findings underscore the significance universities place on robust research infrastructure, fostering international relations, and ensuring student success. While there is a shared vision among institutions, disparities exist in resource allocation and engagement in international collaborations. This comprehensive review of higher education in Uzbekistan not only contributes to rankings research but also holds potential to inform policymakers and educational administrators in enhancing the national education landscape. Recommendations stemming from this study include the development of a comprehensive government framework for internationalization, increased financial investment in education, fostering industry-academic partnerships, and promoting acceptance and diversity within universities. This paper offers specific policy and practice recommendations tailored to assist Uzbek institutions in enhancing, sustaining, and attaining global recognition. Its detailed analysis of how rankings influence institutional policies and strategic decisions serves as a valuable resource for stakeholders within and beyond Uzbekistan, facilitating a deeper understanding of how higher education rankings shape global academic benchmarks.

Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma system wellness white paper: An evaluation of wellness from a systems perspective.

Providers are charged with responsibility to maintain their own health and wellness; however, well-being is multifactorial and the construct lacks clarity. In the current state of health care, burnout is on the rise with increasing demands for clinical productivity and strained system resources. The health care industry has recognized wellness's patient safety and financial impact, recently applying research and resources to identify sustainable solutions. We reviewed the wellness literature with a focus on systems to provide a framework for consensus building for a quality acute care surgery system. Our review revealed several areas within system wellness for consideration: (1) provider wellness, (2) culture of safety, (3) learning health systems, and (4) organizational perspectives. We provide specific system recommendations for the acute care surgery practice to preserve our workforce by creating a system that works for its providers.

Modesty, religion, and community: Therapists' perspectives regarding the treatment of child sexual abuse in the ultra-orthodox community

BackgroundReligion is a significant cultural component that impacts child sexual abuse (CSA) in various ways, including its definition, perception, and treatment. This study focuses on the Jewish ultra-Orthodox community in Israel, a strictly religious, segregated, and close-knit community with unique cultural practices and beliefs that impact children's safety and vulnerability to CSA. ObjectiveThis qualitative study aimed to explore therapists' perceptions and ascribed meanings of CSA treatment within the ultra-Orthodox community. Participants and settingThirty in-depth interviews were conducted with therapists working with the ultra-Orthodox community in Israel. MethodsThe interviews were analyzed using thematic qualitative analysis. ResultsThree central axes pertinent to the treatment of CSA in the ultra-Orthodox community were discovered: 1) religious interventions, 2) modest approach, relating to the community's taboo attitude towards sexuality; and 3) the collectivistic nature of the community. The results include specific effect sizes and their statistical significance. ConclusionsThe discussion explores the findings in light of the literature on CSA among religious minority communities and connects them to the unique underlying perception of sexuality in the ultra-Orthodox community. Specific ramifications and recommendations for practice are then considered, alongside the limitations and directions for future study.

Association of European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology practical recommendations for surveillance and prevention of cardiac disease in childhood cancer survivors: the importance of physical activity and lifestyle changes From the Association of European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology Working Group Sports Cardiology, Physical Activity and Prevention, Working Group Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Working Group Imaging and Working Group Heart Failure.

Childhood cancer survivors are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, presenting as the main causes of morbidity and mortality within this group. Besides the usual primary and secondary prevention in combination with screening during follow-up, the modifiable lifestyle factors of physical activity, nutrition, and body weight have not yet gained enough attention regarding potential cardiovascular risk reduction. These practical recommendations aim to provide summarised information and practical implications to paediatricians and health professionals treating childhood cancer survivors to reduce the risk of cardiovascular late effects. The content derives from either published guidelines or expert opinions from Association of European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology working groups and is in accordance with current state-of-the-art. All usual methods of prevention and screening regarding the risk, monitoring, and treatment of occurring cardiovascular diseases are summarised. Additionally, modifiable lifestyle factors are explained, and clear practical implications are named. Modifiable lifestyle factors should definitely be considered as a cost-effective and complementary approach to already implemented follow-up care programs in cardio-oncology, which can be actively addressed by the survivors themselves. However, treating physicians are strongly encouraged to support survivors to develop and maintain a healthy lifestyle, including physical activity as one of the major influencing factors. This article summarises relevant background information and provides specific practical recommendations on how to advise survivors to increase their level of physical activity.

ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИЙ КАПИТАЛ КАК ОСНОВА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ РЕГИОНА: СИСТЕМНО-КРИТЕРИAЛЬНЫЙ ПОДХОД

Focusing on current dynamics, the article examines trends in regional development and innovation activity in Russia. In the context of the growing role of local communities in innovation processes, their influence on the overall economic situation in the country is emphasized. The variety of unique features of each region, which can become the basis for innovative development, is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the negative impact of economic inequality between regions on the effective use of human capital and the formation of a national innovation system. It is noted that economic inequality can be a significant obstacle to economic growth, both at the regional and federal levels. In the context of global practice and historical precedents, the article discusses the impact of economic isolation on accelerating the development of innovative technologies. Data from a Bloomberg study on world leaders in innovation are presented, while Russia occupies a relatively modest place. The need for a systematic approach to regional development and innovation policy to effectively manage economic challenges and incentives is emphasized. The article emphasizes the importance of developing innovation systems, including supporting innovation infrastructure and stimulating innovation activities. Strategic issues such as international competition, the role of human capital in economic development, and resource management with a long-term perspective are also discussed. The complex nature of human capital and its impact on the economic and social dynamics of society are highlighted. The importance of investments in education, healthcare and innovation to stimulate economic growth is noted. The article also discusses the challenges and difficulties in managing human capital in a rapidly changing economic and technological environment. To develop models of human capital development, the authors recommend taking into account its unique characteristics, as well as the principles that ensure the effective functioning of human capital development models and allow the transformation of theoretical concepts into specific practical recommendations and actions based on available data.

ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ІНТЕРАКТИВНИХ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ ТА CRM-СИСТЕМ В ЦИФРОВОМУ МАРКЕТИНГОВОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ

The article explores the topic of the effectiveness of using interactive communication tools and CRM systems in the modern digital marketing environment. The analysis is based on examining current trends in digital marketing and defining the role of various interactive tools in engaging with the audience. The article investigates the impact of different interactive tools such as social media, webinars, online surveys, messengers, on creating effective communication and engaging the target audience. Special attention is given to the use of CRM systems for collecting and processing customer data, enabling the personalization of marketing strategies and increasing customer satisfaction. In the modern digital marketing landscape, the relevance of using interactive communication tools and CRM systems becomes particularly significant. With increasing competition and rapidly changing consumer preferences, businesses must seek effective ways to attract and retain the attention of their target audience. Interactive tools such as social media, webinars, and messengers provide a unique opportunity to engage with users, making communication more personal and compelling. The growing importance of using CRM systems arises from the need for effective management of customer data in the digital environment. Collecting and analyzing information about consumers enables businesses to personalize their marketing strategies and also maintain and improve customer relationships. All these aspects become key factors in enterprises' pursuit of achieving effectiveness in digital marketing and ensuring a high level of customer satisfaction. Overall, considering the rapid advancement of technology and changes in consumer behavior, the use of interactive communication tools and CRM systems in the digital marketing environment becomes a necessity for businesses aiming to remain competitive and successfully adapt to changes. The positive aspects and challenges associated with the use of these tools in the context of digital marketing are thoroughly analyzed. The article also provides specific practical recommendations and strategies to optimize the use of interactive tools and CRM systems for achieving maximum efficiency. With a scientific approach and practical orientation, the research presented in this article can be valuable for marketers, business development managers, and professionals responsible for brand strategies, seeking to enhance their digital marketing approaches and strengthen customer relationships through interactive tools and CRM systems.

A landscape assessment of CTSA evaluators and their work in the CTSA consortium, 2021 survey findings.

This article presents a landscape assessment of the findings from the 2021 Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) Evaluators Survey. This survey was the most recent iteration of a well established, national, peer-led systematic snapshot of the CTSA evaluators, their skillsets, listed evaluation resources, preferred methods, and identified best practices. Three questions guided our study: who are the CTSA evaluators, what competencies do they share and how is their work used within hubs. We describe our survey process (logistics of development, deployment, and differences in historical context with prior instruments); and present its main findings. We provide specific recommendations for evaluation practice in two main categories (National vs Group-level) including, among others, the need for a national, strategic plan for evaluation as well as enhanced mentoring and training of the next generation of evaluators. Although based on the challenges and opportunities currently within the CTSA Consortium, takeaways from this study constitute important lessons with potential for application in other large evaluation consortia. To our knowledge, this is the first time 2021 survey findings are disseminated widely, to increase transparency of the CTSA evaluators' work and to motivate conversations within hub and beyond, as to how best to leverage existent evaluative capacity.

EDUCATION FOR EVERY CHILD: EXPLORING THE PATH OF FAMILY EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

Nowadays, the importance of family education of preschool children in the field of education is becoming increasingly important. Family education has gone beyond the simple upbringing of children. It plays a vital role in shaping the personality, habits and values of children. Often, parents do not have scientifically proven methods of teaching and raising children. To help these families, we have combined the latest educational concepts and practical results to comprehensively analyze the essential elements and effective strategies of family education in order to provide specific practical recommendations so that parents can find an educational path that suits their circumstances. It is necessary to lay a solid foundation for the all-round development of the child. In this regard, parents need to update their educational concepts, wisely allocate family education resources, understand and respect the physical and mental state of children, develop and strengthen interaction and communication with children. This article discusses the path of family education for preschool children, emphasizing its importance and the challenges faced by families today. The article first defines the connotation of family education for preschool children, and then elaborates on its core elements, including emotional companionship, cognitive enlightenment and habit formation. In terms of implementation paths, strategies such as creating a favorable family environment, formulating science education plans, and parent-child reading are proposed. We realized that family education of preschool children is not only a long-term and challeng-ing task, but also a lofty mission carrying the hope of cultivating the future.

From informed to empowered consent.

Informed consent is ethically incomplete and should be redefined as empowered consent. This essay challenges theoretical assumptions of the value of informed consent in light of substantial evidence of its failure in clinical practice and questions the continued emphasis on autonomy as the primary ethical justification for the practice of consent in health care. Human dignity-rather than autonomy-is advanced from a nursing ethics perspective as a preferred justification for consent practices in health care. The adequacy of an ethic of obligation (namely, principlism) as the dominant theoretical lens for recognising and responding to persistent problems in consent practices is also reconsidered. A feminist empowerment framework is adopted as an alternative ethical theory to principlism and is advanced as a more practical and complete lens for examining the concept and context of consent in health care. To accomplish this, the three leading conceptions of informed consent are overviewed, followed by a feminist critique to reveal practical problems with each of them. The need for a language change from informed to empowered consent is strongly considered. Implications for consent activities in clinical practice are reviewed with focused discussion on the need for greater role clarity for all involved in consent-beyond and inclusive of the patient-physician dyad, as the practice and improvement of consent is necessarily a transdisciplinary endeavour. Specific concrete and practical recommendations for leveraging nursing expertise in this space are presented. Perhaps what is most needed in the discourse and practice of consent in health care is nursing.

Formation of the Vector of Strategic Development of the Organization in Conditions of Risk and Uncertainty

Relevance. Close attention is paid to the issues of long-term development of economic entities. Obtaining results in a strategic perspective depends on the correctly chosen vector of the organization's movement in an unstable external environment, risk and uncertainty. In this regard, the problem of forming the vector of the organization's strategic development under conditions of risk and uncertainty requires its solution from a scientific and practical point of view, which confirms the relevance of conducting research on this topic. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the relevance of the stated topic and develop scientific and practical recommendations for the formation of the vector of strategic development of a particular organization (on the example of the organization of the tourism industry) under conditions of risk and uncertainty. Objectives: The tasks are defined by the subject of the study and involve substantiation of the relevance of forming the vector of strategic development of the organization under risk and uncertainty, conducting a strategic analysis of the industry and the external environment of the organization, identifying and assessing the risks of developing an economic entity, identifying and choosing strategic alternatives for the development of the organization in the context of forming the vector of strategic development of the organization in conditions of risk and uncertainty. Methodology. The research methodology involves the use of methods of empirical, statistical and comparative analysis, as well as methods of multi-criteria choice, game theory. Results: the relevance of the formation of the vector of strategic development of the organization under the conditions of risk and uncertainty is substantiated; a strategic analysis of the industry and the external environment of the organization was carried out; the risks of development of an economic entity were identified and assessed; a strategic alternative for the development of the organization was identified and selected in the context of the formation of the vector of strategic development of the organization under risk and uncertainty. Conclusions. The study substantiates the relevance of forming the vector of strategic development of a particular organization (on the example of the organization of the tourism industry) under conditions of risk and uncertainty, developed specific scientific and practical recommendations.

SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ GRAPHIC COMPETENCE FORMATION WHILE CREATING SKETCHES OF GRAPHIC MATERIAL IN CONDITIONS OF DIGITIZATION

The study is devoted to the analysis of the process of secondary school students’ graphic competence formation in the context of modern transformations caused by the process of education digitization. The article examines the importance of graphic competence formation in creating sketches of graphic material in the context of the growing role of digital technologies in the educational process. The article analyzes scientific research aimed at understanding graphic competence and its role in the modern educational process.
 The author has analyzed various approaches to defining the category «competence» and revealed the main components of graphic competence. It is shown that this competence includes not only the technical skills of creating graphic materials but also creativity, the ability to analyze and visualize information, as well as the ability to work with various tools and resources that are opened up thanks to the digital transformation of education.
 The influence of digitalization on students’ creative potential and their ability to translate ideas into graphic material has been studied. A comprehensive approach to the educational process that takes into account traditional methods and modern information technologies is proposed. The advantages associated with the effectiveness of pedagogical approaches and methods aimed at graphic competence formation are highlighted. In particular, the teacher’s role in this competence formation has been investigated and the importance of an individual approach to each student has been emphasized.
 Examples of pedagogical practices aimed at creating conditions for the development of creative thinking and secondary school students’ graphic competence formation are considered. The author has considered the possibilities of using various software tools and online resources to increase the level of students’ graphic competence.
 Based on the analysis, recommendations aimed at further improving students’ graphic competence in the conditions of digitization of education are proposed. These recommendations are aimed at increasing the quality level of education and development of students so that they can successfully form graphic competence in the modern information society.
 The article highlights the significant topic of secondary school students’ graphic competence formation in the conditions of the digital transformation of education. It offers specific practical recommendations and examples for usage in pedagogical practice and promotes the further development of this key educational field. The study emphasizes the need to acquire competencies that allow the effective usage of graphic tools in the modern information society. The author emphasizes the importance of introducing digital tools into the educational process aimed at increasing the level of students’ graphic literacy and developing their creative competence.

ACCOUNTING AND INFORMATION FEATURES OF THE GLOBAL MARKETING ECOSYSTEMS’ ACTIVITIES

Goal. To analyze and summarize the peculiarities of the activities of business entities that are representatives of different jurisdictions and are components of the general global marketing ecosystem that provides services of an advertising nature for the promotion of products (goods, works, services), in the context of the influence of such peculiarities on approaches to determining the main financial and economic indicators of activity and accounting processes and processes of formation of various types of reporting in such an ecosystem. Method. Methods of studying and summarizing information, methods of system analysis, synthesis, and generalization were used for the research. The results. The article examines the peculiarities of the accounting and regulatory nature of the activities of global marketing ecosystems and their components, which, most often, have different jurisdictions for the implementation of their business and economic activities, in the context of determining the main financial and economic indicators of their activities and the formation of various forms of reporting (accounting, financial, tax, management). Scientific novelty. The generalized stages of a methodical approach to the creation (improvement) of information and analytical support for the task of assessing financial and economic indicators of global marketing ecosystems have been defined. Practical value. Taking into account the accounting features identified based on the analysis of the implementation of global marketing ecosystems’ activities will allow the formation of specific practical recommendations for improving approaches to automating accounting processes within such an ecosystem.

Prospects for the Introduction of Criminal Misconduct into Domestic Criminal Legislation. Draft Laws of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation

In the light of doctrinal discussions regarding the expediency of supplementing domestic criminal legislation with the category «criminal offense», the paper examines the legislative initiatives of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in 2018 and 2021. The author records both the revision of the original draft law and the unresolved nature of a number of significant issues. These include the ratio of criminal misconduct and insignificance; the totality of the commission of a crime by a person and a criminal offense; the legal assessment of the commission of acts by a person, a number of which (or all) the relationship between the circumstances of exemption from criminal liability in connection with the application of other measures of a criminal nature (due to the recognition of the act as a criminal offense) and other circumstances of exemption from criminal liability (for example, in connection with active repentance or reconciliation with the victim). It is argued that a thorough revision of the list of criminal offenses is necessary. Specific practical recommendations are formulated for its formation by not only classifying crimes as such, but also by criminalizing common administrative offenses (as an example, data on the number of persons brought to administrative responsibility under Articles 6.1.1 (beatings) and 7.27 (petty theft) of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation are given). The author speaks about the expediency of including the institution of criminal offenses in the domestic legal system due to the predominance of the expected positive effect and the debatable nature of a number of arguments against the introduction of criminal misconduct (rejection of the concept of a «small but tough» criminal law; blurring the boundaries between crimes and offenses; leveling the difference between punishment and other measures of a criminal nature, etc.).

Gender imaginaries in energy transitions: How professionals construct and envision gender equity in energy access in the Global South

The importance of gender is increasingly recognised in energy research, with growing awareness of the intersections of energy access and gender equity. Yet, a major knowledge gap exists regarding the role of professional intermediaries and institutions in reproducing and/or challenging gendered forms of energy exclusion, especially in the Global South. This paper addresses this gap by considering the gendered energy imaginaries of energy professionals in Global South contexts. Integrating literature on socio-technical imaginaries – which to date has been developed in predominantly Global North contexts – with feminist accounts of gender, energy and development, this paper investigates gendered imaginaries of energy access among energy professionals across four Global South contexts (India, Pakistan, Nigeria and Ghana). The case-study approach involved thematic analysis of interviews with 86 energy professionals, and revealed a spectrum of gendered energy imaginaries with two archetypes at the extremes of the spectrum: (1) The Gender-Neutral Grid Imaginary (GNGI); and, (2) The Gender-Aware Decentralised Development Imaginary (GADDI). These two imaginaries are unpacked in terms of their underlying actors, practices, and outcomes. Special attention is paid to how different constructions of the ‘end-user’ within professional imaginaries work to perpetuate or alleviate forms of gendered exclusion. These visions propagate energy access outcomes by shaping women’s access to and use of technologies, decision-making, and employment in the energy sector. Findings reveal that whilst the GADDI imaginary shows better considerations for gendered energy access, existing gendered imaginaries among professionals fall short across the spectrum in generating equitable outcomes. The paper concludes by providing specific recommendations for energy practice and policy dominating the energy transition landscape in the Global South and reiterates the need to move beyond ‘gender-mainstreaming’ towards intersectional conceptions of social equity and energy justice. This is vital to address the gaps in existing professional and institutional imaginaries that shape energy access outcomes.

Relationship between Peripheral Blood Inflammatory Factors and Prognosis of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Meta-Analysis

Introduction: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe cerebrovascular event with high mortality and disability rate. Neuroinflammation is involved in the brain injury after SAH, but the exact association between SAH progression and peripheral blood inflammatory factors is unknown. Therefore, to determine the relationship between inflammatory factors and the prognosis of SAH, we performed a meta-analysis. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Studies comparing the relationship between inflammatory factors (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], interleukin-10 [IL-10], and tumor necrosis factor [TNF-α]) and prognosis of SAH were included in the study. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted based on mRS, GOS, and the occurrence of cerebral vasospasm, delayed cerebral ischemia, and delayed ischemic neurologic deficits. Sensitivity analysis was performed using the leave-one-out method. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for case-control studies was used to assess the quality of included studies. For continuous variables, we calculated the mean difference with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: 1,469 patients from 18 case-control studies met the inclusion criteria. The results found that patients in the good outcome group had significantly lower CRP levels than those in the poor outcome group (SMD: −1.15, 95% CI: −1.64 to −0.66, p < 0.00001, I2 = 87%), and peripheral IL-6 levels were significantly lower in SAH patients with the good functional outcome than those with the poor functional outcome (SMD: −0.99, 95% CI: −1.48 to −0.51, p < 0.0001, I2 = 88%). As for IL-10 (SMD: −0.28, 95% CI: −0.97 to 0.42, p = 0.43, I2 = 88%) and TNF-α (SMD: −0.40, 95% CI: −0.98 to 0.19, p = 0.18, I2 = 79%), due to the small number of studies, heterogeneity, and uncontrollable factors, robust conclusions cannot be drawn. Conclusion: SAH patients with good prognoses have significantly lower peripheral CRP and IL-6 levels. In addition, due to the small number of studies, heterogeneity, and uncontrollable factors, robust conclusions cannot be drawn for IL-10 and TNF-α. More high-quality studies are needed in the future to provide more specific recommendations for the clinical practice of inflammatory factors.