Specific Moment Research Articles

Dispositional and state sadness, interpersonal features, and internalizing/externalizing symptoms: A network analysis

Sadness serves adaptive functions in restructuring one's objectives and strategies in loss situations. This study examined the relationship between the effects of sadness, social components, and psychopathological issues in children, distinguishing between state and dispositional sadness. A semi-structured written interview about a specific moment of sadness and questionnaires to measure interpersonal features (empathy, prosocial behavior, and attachment) and psychopathological symptoms (internalizing/externalizing symptoms) were administered to 476 children (age range: 7–10 years, M = 8.81, SD = 1.07; 52.3% female; 91% White) from various primary schools in central Italy, along with their teachers. Network Analysis and Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis showed that state sadness was positively associated with affective empathy, whereas dispositional sadness was positively associated with internalizing/externalizing symptoms. The findings offer insights to parents and educators on the importance of recognizing and accepting sadness as an adaptive response contingent on sad events.

Triadic temporal-semantic alignment for weakly-supervised video moment retrieval

Video Moment Retrieval (VMR) aims to identify specific event moments within untrimmed videos based on natural language queries. Existing VMR methods have been criticized for relying heavily on moment annotation bias rather than true multi-modal alignment reasoning. Weakly supervised VMR approaches inherently overcome this issue by training without precise temporal location information. However, they struggle with fine-grained semantic alignment and often yield multiple speculative predictions with prolonged video spans. In this paper, we take a step forward in the context of weakly supervised VMR by proposing a triadic temporal-semantic alignment model. Our proposed approach augments weak supervision by comprehensively addressing the multi-modal semantic alignment between query sentences and videos from both fine-grained and coarse-grained perspectives. To capture fine-grained cross-modal semantic correlations, we introduce a concept-aspect alignment strategy that leverages nouns to select relevant video clips. Additionally, an action-aspect alignment strategy with verbs is employed to capture temporal information. Furthermore, we propose an event-aspect alignment strategy that focuses on event information within coarse-grained video clips, thus mitigating the tendency towards long video span predictions during coarse-grained cross-modal semantic alignment. Extensive experiments conducted on the Charades-CD and ActivityNet-CD datasets demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed method.

Thermal modeling of porous medium integrated in PCM and its application in passive thermal management of electric vehicle battery pack

The integration of a composite of porous medium with phase change material (PCM) offers significant advantages in thermal management systems, enhancing heat transfer efficiency and addressing various thermal regulation challenges. This approach utilizes the PCM's latent heat absorption and the enhanced thermal conductivity provided by the porous medium, resulting in optimized system performance. Its applicability spans across electronics cooling and building insulation systems. However, predicting the thermal behavior of this composite material is challenging, necessitating computational tools to anticipate its response under different conditions and evaluate its influence on cooling strategies. The objective of this study is to create a computational tool specifically tailored to evaluate constitutive parameters of this composite material, thereby providing a comprehensive description of its thermal behavior. To achieve this goal, the multiscale homogenization principle is employed to assess the composite's effective thermophysical material properties using the representative volume element approach. The repeating unit cell of the aluminum lattice is incorporated into the PCM to define a representative volume element. The finite element method (FEM) is utilized to solve the three-dimensional homogenization problem, yielding an orthotropic effective thermal conductivity due to the inherent symmetry of the repeating material cell. Moreover, the study leverages the apparent heat capacity method to effectively manage the phase transitions within the PCM domain, utilizing smooth and temperature-dependent functions to accurately describe the thermophysical properties of the PCM. Integrating the composite into battery pack thermal management, this study thoroughly examines thermal dynamics by comparing outcomes with and without PCM integration. The transient thermal problem is accurately tackled using the FEM, employing the evaluated effective constitutive parameters of the homogenized composite to minimize computational effort. The results indicate a notable decline in the highest temperatures of the battery pack, leading to a reduction of about 14 °C at the specific moment when the phase change material fully transitions into its liquid form. The obtained results emphasize the effectiveness and practical feasibility of the proposed thermal management strategy. The modeling approach presented provides a robust tool with significant efficiency in reducing computational time for analyzing the thermal behavior of large models, as the utilization of the homogenization technique notably decreases the computational time.

Thinking about the Russian war on Ukraine and the future of peace history

AbstractMy contribution will explore how the Russian war on Ukraine could impact the evolution of peace history as a field. Drawing on various proposals to end the conflict, it will explain why peace historians should continue to do the work that they normally do such as describing grassroots activism against the war and how Ukrainians have used nonviolent tactics to resist the Russian occupation. But it will also explain why the war reinforces the need to spend more time exploring how the diverse peoples of the world have understood legitimate civic ordering and the acceptable use of violence at specific moments in time—a task necessary to undermine the historical falsehoods that Russians have used to justify their aggression against Ukraine. Finally, my contribution will grapple with the relationship between peace and military history, explaining why peace historians need to become more comfortable addressing what a country like Ukraine needs to do on the battlefield to survive as a nation and build a more just and peaceful world.

Age-related and experience-related differences in selected motor cognitive abilities of soccer players

Background: Soccer players constantly experience rapidly changing situations that challenge them to receive and process stimuli, make fast and correct decisions, and perform actions at specific moments. The aim of the present study was to analyze age and experience-related differences in the level of brain speed, disjunctive reaction time, and reaction speed of soccer players. Methods: A total of 111 soccer players (x=12.414; s=1.921) divided by age and level of experience participated in the study. The diagnosis of brain speed and disjunctive reactivity was carried out with the BrainHQ Hawk Eye test and BrainHQ Agility test using the Witty Sem system. Reaction speed was diagnosed with the Fitro Agility Check test using the Fitro Agility system. The Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance were used to determine the significance of age and experiencerelated differences in the level of brain speed, disjunctive reaction time, and reaction speed of the soccer players. Results and conclusion: Statistically significant differences (p<0.01) in favor of older age categories were observed between disjunctive reaction time and brain speed. Younger soccer players showed significantly lower levels of lower limb reaction speed in both directions of the sagittal plane than older players (p<0.01). Less experienced soccer players demonstrated significantly lower levels of lower limb reaction speed in both directions of the sagittal plane than more experienced counterparts and lower levels of brain speed and disjunctive reaction time (p<0.01).

Building the feminist futsal project: ‘where is feminism?’

ABSTRACT This article aims to present the construction of a project called Feminist Futsal. Based on the experiences of female futsal coaches, this study aimed to analyze and reflect on some of the situations in which feminism was present throughout futsal seasons. For that, five specific moments were selected from field diaries: ‘The construction of the Feminist Futsal Project’; ‘The first season’; ‘Where is “Feminism”?’; ‘The second season: The uncertain path persists’ and ‘Seeds that have already been planted’. Many questions and challenges were encountered, such as how can we address important social issues and connect them to the planning of a futsal training session that does not directly deal with these topics? Do you need to link critical issues directly to the theme of the futsal training session? Where is Feminism? As a result, it was identified that feminism in the project gave women the opportunity to practice a sport, as well as the presence of a female coach; feminism was, also: in the reflections shared in the initial training sessions; in the learning community established with the research group; in the athletes sharing of knowledge with the project. In addition, feminism was at the heart of the project’s belief that men and women should have equal opportunities to participate in sports, paving the way for a fairer world. Feminism was there, facing the risks. Feminism is in the courage to put that name to a sports project. I do not know what the future holds for Feminist Futsal, nor do I have all the answers for other sports projects that might look to us. What I do know is that love and the courage to change how we view the world are the driving forces behind this project. And yes, we are already revolutionizing it.

Genocide, surveillance, and babies: “embodied propaganda” and the anti-abortion to conspiracy pipeline

ABSTRACT The judicial decision to overturn the federal right to abortion in the United States has profoundly influenced women across the country. Relying on 2,230 individual stories and over 500 posts on Instagram by anti-abortion activists, we investigate their discourse around abortion produced in a specific cultural moment—that of post-Roe America and a post-truth online society in which disinformation and conspiracy spread rampantly. This combined moment is particularly relevant given that people who can get pregnant are being marginalized and criminalized in American society at the same time that trust in experts and institutions is declining, thus troubling both institutional and feminist knowledge-production. Conceptually we draw on existing studies on embodied, feminist knowledge, intersectionality, populist expertise and conspiracy-believing, as well as gendered disinformation and conspiracy to show how (a) anti-abortion rhetoric devolves not only into disinformation but also conspiracy theories that are common among the alt-right and conservative online networks; (b) that the feedback loop among these communities is strong, and (c) that the anti-abortion movement on Instagram is experimenting with Gen Z rhetoric. We introduce and demonstrate the concept of embodied propaganda to capture the phenomenon of co-opting the experiences of marginalized groups in society to manipulate public opinion.

Reading Lacan without giving up: Some organizing principles to help orient psychotherapists to the Lacanian tradition of psychoanalysis

This article is a primer to reading the primary texts of Jacques Lacan. I argue that there is an experiential dimension to the act of reading Lacanian texts that approximates the transmission of psychoanalysis in a clinical setting. A primary insistence is that Lacanian psychoanalysis has a fundamentally different relationship to knowledge than other therapeutic and theoretical traditions, and that therefore any emphasis on understanding is incongruous with the larger aims of the project. I discuss Lacanian conceptions of frustration and love in order to explore these ideas, before turning to a specific moment in the Lacanian corpus. I conclude by exploring implications for work in the public sector.

ANALISIS FAKTOR KINERJA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS KARYAWAN PRODUKSI PT. SINAR MAS MEGAH STEEL SURABAYA

The point investigate is to depict and examine these variables that impact the execution of PT. Sinar Mas Megah Steel Surabaya. These components are gathered into 2 (two) : person measurements (capacity, work involvement, inspiration) and organizational measurements (pioneers, interaction, work environment), whereas in light of worker execution is the variable, and the work comes about illustrated by workers depending on at a specific moment benchmarks. indicated execution. That investigate test comprised of 60 representatives partitioned into a few divisions. This overview was created by analysts employing a 5-point Likert scale. Information examination strategies utilize expressive measurements and different straight relapse. Different straight relapse models with six free factors can clarify 53.5% of the variety in representative execution factors. It observes in portion six free factors in investigate inquire about, the employee's capacity to have the most prominent impact on representative execution.

Suitable Heel Height, a Potential Method for Musculoskeletal Problems during the Third Trimester: A Pilot Study.

The treatment options for third-trimester musculoskeletal issues are limited. This study aims to examine how heel height affects gait biomechanics and provides heel height recommendations for various musculoskeletal problems. Five third-trimester gravidas were recruited wearing uniform footwear with four heel heights (0 mm, 15 mm, 30 mm, and 45 mm). Lower-limb muscle forces, joint angles, joint torques, joint contact forces, and ground reaction forces (GRF) at specific moments (the first peak, valley, and second peak of GRF) were collected for one-way analysis of variance with repeated measures. The soleus, gastrocnemius, tibialis posterior, plantaris, obturator externus, gluteus maximus, gemellus superior, and obturator internus were the smallest at heel heights of 45 mm and 15 mm at the valley of GRF. Hip extension and knee flexion displayed the smallest joint angle and joint torques at a height of 15 mm. Ankle joint contact force decreased with increased heel height. The height of the heel significantly impacts muscle force, joint angles, joint torques, and joint contact force. A heel of 15 mm might be the most suitable heel height to potentially avoid or alleviate musculoskeletal problems during the third trimester.

Modeling the Drying Process of Onion Slices Using Artificial Neural Networks

One of the food preservation technologies is the drying process, which requires heat and is significantly energy-intensive, resulting in high costs. This caused the search for new design solutions for dryers, which requires continuous experimental research and the creation of new decision-supporting models for the optimization of drying processes. In this work, four models of the kinetics of convective onion drying were developed using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), taking into account pre-treatment before drying and the different temperatures of the drying agent. The moisture content in the dried material at a specific moment in time was taken as the dependent variable (ANN output). The following were accepted as independent variables (ANN inputs): drying temperature, initial sample thickness, initial moisture content, initial mass of the sample, time of drying, and material pre-treatment (no pre-treatment—blanching–osmotic dehydration). Four semantic models were formulated, the general Ann1 model taking into account all input variables and three detailed Ann2 models for individual types of pre-treatment. For the best Ann1, the MAPE values were 5.88–7.02% (for different data: Training, Test, Validation). For the detailed Ann2 models, the error values were more than twice lower. The MAPE values ranged from 1.14% to 3.12%.

Limit Theorems in the Nonparametric Conditional Single-Index U-Processes for Locally Stationary Functional Random Fields under Stochastic Sampling Design

In his work published in (Ann. Probab. 19, No. 2 (1991), 812–825), W. Stute introduced the notion of conditional U-statistics, expanding upon the Nadaraya–Watson estimates used for regression functions. Stute illustrated the pointwise consistency and asymptotic normality of these statistics. Our research extends these concepts to a broader scope, establishing, for the first time, an asymptotic framework for single-index conditional U-statistics applicable to locally stationary random fields {Xs,An:sinRn} observed at irregularly spaced locations in Rn, a subset of Rd. We introduce an estimator for the single-index conditional U-statistics operator that accommodates the nonstationary nature of the data-generating process. Our method employs a stochastic sampling approach that allows for the flexible creation of irregularly spaced sampling sites, covering both pure and mixed increasing domain frameworks. We establish the uniform convergence rate and weak convergence of the single conditional U-processes. Specifically, we examine weak convergence under bounded or unbounded function classes that satisfy specific moment conditions. These findings are established under general structural conditions on the function classes and underlying models. The theoretical advancements outlined in this paper form essential foundations for potential breakthroughs in functional data analysis, laying the groundwork for future research in this field. Moreover, in the same context, we show the uniform consistency for the nonparametric inverse probability of censoring weighted (I.P.C.W.) estimators of the regression function under random censorship, which is of its own interest. Potential applications of our findings encompass, among many others, the set-indexed conditional U-statistics, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient, and the discrimination problems.

TEACHING PRACTICE IN MULTI-GRADE CLASSES IN THE FIELD

Considering the heterogeneous context of the multiserial classes in the field, we conducted a survey using an online questionnaire with thirty public school teachers who work in these classes, from five different municipalities in Minas Gerais. The data collected pointed to the organization of teaching time as the main difficulty faced by teachers in the multi-grade classes. Other difficulties were presented, such as, for example, a certain inability with the teaching of Sciences, which, for the research subjects, is a consequence of an inefficient initial training. Based on the results of this research, we developed a Teaching Model in order to support teaching practice in the search for strategies that promote the interaction of students at different levels, using heterogeneity in favor of the teaching and learning process. Ten teachers developed the Teaching Model in their classes, and after joint analysis, they assessed that the use of activities enhanced the interaction between students from different grades gathered in the same room and contributed to a reorganization of teaching time by the teacher. Otherwise, the research subjects indicated that the use of the Teaching Model is a strategy to be used in specific moments and not daily throughout the school period.

The Variety of Lengger Banyumas’ Performances

This article aims to center on the variety of styles of lengger - a traditional art found in Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia. The article offers a new approach towards understanding lengger by indicating the development that underwent in the performance structure. The study was conducted in Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia for the period of over a year, between 2022 and early 2024. Using qualitative approach, this study is aimed to explore the variety of the dance practiced by local actors. By using qualitative approach, data was collected using in-depth and semi-structured interviews and participatory observation. There are 13 participants that participated in this study, consisting of local figures engaged in various lengger activities, such as dancers, teachers, and owners of dance studios. The study indicates that lengger evolved greatly in terms of its dance performance. In order to demonstrate this, I use “dance fragments” – a specific moments of performance, time and space to indicate the development of the art’s structure, based on personal etnographic study. Nine varieties of lengger were identified – lengger klasik, lengger barangan, lengger resmi, lengger muslimah, lengger garapan, lengger calung barasai, lengger selingan, lengger campursari, and lengger modern. Pointing out the various styles of lengger helps further understand the cultural processes and current trends of the society in Banyumas. Having these changes in its structure where dominant trends overshadow the traditional understanding is a way of keeping the art alive, while lengger’s peaceful cohabitation with other arts speaks about the tolerant nature of people in Banyumas.

Real-time adaptive scheduling optimization for inter-satellite contact window resources in dynamic satellite networks

Real-time scheduling of contact window resources is a fundamental technology for the future construction of Space–Terrestrial Integrated Networks (STIN). The spatio-temporal dynamics of satellite networks result in continuous variations in satellite relative positions and inter-satellite visibility window resource status. Furthermore, frequent changes in task priority make real-time resource scheduling extremely challenging. Centralized online scheduling methods often lead to a significant amount of waiting time, while distributed online scheduling methods struggle to adapt to the high dynamics of satellite networks. Therefore, the real-time scheduling technology for contact window resources in satellite networks is still in the exploration phase. We propose an inter-satellite online resource allocation method to solve the latency issue caused by the seizure of contact window resources. First, we determine the shortest and maximum flow paths set in the satellite network according to task requirements and construct them as the core network. Then, we comprehensively analyze the supply and demand situation of the task and the core network at a specific moment and verify the reliability of our minimum cost flow-solving method based on the core network. Moreover, we consider factors such as changes in task priority and edge modifications and validate the correctness of our method to update the minimum cost flow at the next moment based on local network changes. Finally, through extensive comparative simulations, we evaluate the absolute advantage of our inter-satellite online scheduling method and validate a significant improvement in task scheduling timeliness.

Electronic properties and quantitative mapping of magnetic moments of rare-earth hard magnet SmCo5: First principles computations and inelastic scattering

Looking at the limitations of neutron spectroscopy in exploring properties of rare earth hard magnet SmCo5, inelastic scattering for charge and magnetic Compton profiles are attempted. The experimental momentum densities using 661.65 keV γ-ray energy are compared with the theoretical Compton profiles (CPs) deduced using linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) with different exchange and correlation potentials and also spin polarized relativistic Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker (SPR-KKR) calculations. The anisotropies in the computed CPs, along the principal directions, show high momentum densities along the c-axis [00.1] of SmCo5 than [10.0] and [11.0] directions. An overall better agreement of CP computed using LCAO-GGA and that from experiment is observed which shows more appropriateness of GGA-PBE scheme for the exchange and correlation energies for SmCo5. The small value of charge transfer from Sm → Co and positive value of overlap Mulliken population dictate dominance of covalent bonding in SmCo5. Moreover, available experimental data on c-axis oriented magnetic CP (MCP) of SmCo5 have been compared with the present SPR-KKR calculations. It is seen that present SPR-KKR based MCP is in resemblance with the available experimental MCP. A decomposition of experimental MCP in to its constituent profiles depict that the spin momentum of Co and Sm are aligned anti-parallel while the diffuse contribution aligns opposite to the absolute spin moment. Comparison of amplitude and direction of site specific spin moments in SmCo5 is made with the present SPR-KKR and available experimental and theoretical data.

The intraindividual dynamics of university students' motivation and emotions: The role of autonomy-supportive learning climates and learning activities.

The motivation and emotions of students are context dependent. There are specific moments when students may find their coursework more or less motivating, resulting in stronger or milder emotional responses. Identifying factors directly controllable by teachers empowers them to effectively address challenging situations characterized by lower motivation and increased negative emotions. We aimed to investigate how learning activities and students' perception of teaching practices fostering autonomy relate to competence and value beliefs, and emotions in the context of course participation within higher education. Seventy-seven Taiwanese university students provided 762 learning reports associated with their course participation experiences. The experience sampling method (ESM) was used. Participants responded to ESM surveys on their phones for 14 days, reporting motivational beliefs, emotions and contextual characteristics of the course if they indicated active participation in a course upon receiving notifications from their phones. A significant portion of the variation is attributed to situational fluctuation, suggesting that academic emotions and competence and value beliefs vary within students across measurements. An increase in students' perception of an autonomy-supportive learning climate correlates with higher competence beliefs, intrinsic value and positive emotions, coupled with reduced perceived costs and negative emotions. In contrast to lectures, engaging in independent hands-on work, participating in group collaborative projects or interactive discussions appear to inspire motivation or evoke stronger emotional responses in students. Teachers' teaching practices and classroom learning activities play a pivotal role in shaping students' situational motivation and emotions.

Barriers to help-seeking, accessing and providing mental health support for medical students: a mixed methods study using the candidacy framework

BackgroundThe mental health of medical students is a national and international problem increasing in both demand and acuity. Medical students face barriers to accessing mental health support that is clinically effective, timely and appropriate for their needs. This mixed methods study aimed to explore experiences of these barriers and the challenges to health service delivery aligned to the Candidacy Framework.MethodsOne hundred three medical students studying at The University of Sheffield completed an online survey comprising the CCAPS-34 and follow-up questions about service access and use. Semi-structured interviews with a nested sample of 20 medical students and 10 healthcare professionals explored barriers to service access and provision. A stakeholder panel of medical students and professionals met quarterly to co-produce research materials, interpret research data and identify touchpoints by pinpointing specific areas and moments of interaction between a medical student as a service user and a mental health service.ResultsMedical students who experienced barriers to help-seeking and accessing support scored significantly higher for psychological symptoms on the CCAPS-34. Uncertainty and fear of fitness to practice processes were important barriers present across all seven stages of candidacy. The fragmented structure of local services, along with individual factors such as perceived stigma and confidentiality concerns, limited the progression of medical students through the Candidacy Framework (a framework for understanding the different stages of a person’s journey to healthcare).ConclusionThis study outlines important areas of consideration for mental health service provision and policy development to improve access to and the quality of care for medical students.

Medial entorhinal cortex mediates learning of context-dependent interval timing behavior.

Episodic memory requires encoding the temporal structure of experience and relies on brain circuits in the medial temporal lobe, including the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC). Recent studies have identified MEC 'time cells', which fire at specific moments during interval timing tasks, collectively tiling the entire timing period. It has been hypothesized that MEC time cells could provide temporal information necessary for episodic memories, yet it remains unknown whether they display learning dynamics required for encoding different temporal contexts. To explore this, we developed a new behavioral paradigm requiring mice to distinguish temporal contexts. Combined with methods for cellular resolution calcium imaging, we found that MEC time cells display context-dependent neural activity that emerges with task learning. Through chemogenetic inactivation we found that MEC activity is necessary for learning of context-dependent interval timing behavior. Finally, we found evidence of a common circuit mechanism that could drive sequential activity of both time cells and spatially selective neurons in MEC. Our work suggests that the clock-like firing of MEC time cells can be modulated by learning, allowing the tracking of various temporal structures that emerge through experience.

Occasions, motivations and expressions of grace at work

PurposeThis study builds upon previous research on grace in the workplace, using scholarship from the fields of psychology, business ethics, philosophy and religion with the purpose of clarifying how people experience grace in their work, when it happens, why it happens and what are the affective outcomes.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from employed adults in the USA. Research questions were explored using qualitative and quantitative methods.FindingsWorking from a conceptual framework linking the occasions of grace, the reasons for grace-giving and the resulting sentiments, the design and findings of a mixed methods study are presented. The results clarify how individuals from various work environments, demographic groups and spiritualties enact and react to grace-giving at work.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to organizational change and workplace spirituality literatures by unpacking what precipitates workplace grace episodes, what is the nature of the interpersonal exchanges and individuals’ affective responses. This approach allows us to better understand what happens in the specific moments of grace and how grace-giving might be encouraged.