Specific Indicators Research Articles

СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ КРАЇН-ЧЛЕНІВ ЄС

This article explores the present status of digitization across European Union member states. While the EU maintains common goals and overarching strategies for digitalization, individual member nations exhibit diverse levels of progress in its implementation. The asynchronous pace of digitalization among EU member states stems from various factors, including economic disparities, variations in technological infrastructure and legal frameworks, cultural and social influences, disparities in education and digital literacy, divergent government initiatives and funding levels, and the extent of collaboration between the public and private sectors. Each member state contributes to distinct dimensions of progress in the implementation of digitalization. The European Commission facilitates the monitoring of digital competitiveness and indicators across EU member states through the utilization of the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) report. This report evaluates diverse aspects of the digital economy and society, offering a holistic perspective on digital development within the EU. The current digital landscape in individual EU member states has been analyzed. The study examines the dynamics of changes in specific indicators (connectivity, human capital, integration of digital technologies, and state digital services) within the framework of the DESI from 2015 to 2022 in both the European Union as a collective entity and the individual member states. The research findings indicate that, on the whole, there has been noteworthy advancement in digitalization across all EU member states over the past decade. Nevertheless, the study highlights the contemporary challenges reflected in the objectives outlined in the "Digital Decade" program and the asynchronous fulfillment of these goals among member states. The most significant progress has been observed in accomplishing objectives related to digitalizing public services. All figures of this indicator are approaching the maximum. Notable advances have been made in the connectivity or digital infrastructure domain in implementing 5G and high-speed communications. However, there is a recognized need for further development, particularly in establishing distribution nodes and advancing the field of quantum computing. Examining the indicator of human capital, member states have made significant progress in imparting basic digital skills to their populations. Nevertheless, increasing the number of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) specialists remains required. Turning to the integration of digital technologies, specifically the digital transformation of businesses, discernible progress has been achieved in incorporating digital technologies into Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) activities. However, further advancement necessitates the introduction of cloud technologies and artificial intelligence into the operations of enterprises across the European Union.

Prevalence and management outcomes of organophosphorus poisoning in emergency departments: systematic review

Organophosphorus poisoning (OPP) is a significant public health concern in various regions, with its prevalence and outcomes influenced by diverse sociodemographic factors. This systematic review aimed to collate and analyze data from multiple studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the prevalence, risk factors, and management outcomes of OPP in emergency departments. A systematic search was conducted in October 2023, adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, primarily using PubMed. Studies were selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, with a focus on those that investigated OPP prevalence and management outcomes in emergency departments. Out of 87 initial studies, 9 met the inclusion criteria, encompassing a total of 1,469 participants from countries like Nepal, India, Korea, China, and Turkey. The studies predominantly included the younger to middle-aged demographic, with a significant male representation indicating that young males. Key findings highlighted the role of pesticides, especially organophosphorus compounds, in intentional poisonings, which can be seen more in young and unmarried females. Additionally, the therapeutic efficacy of treatments like plasma exchange has proven to be another promising tool for management. Finally, the importance of specific prognostic indicators such as D-CRP and the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, when combined with lactate levels (SOFA-Lac), are superior predictors of mortality in patients with acute organophosphate pesticide poisoning. The insights from this review emphasize the need for targeted interventions, both therapeutic and preventive, to address the challenges posed by OPP, especially in high-risk populations.

Characterization of the Immune Microenvironment and Identification of Biomarkers in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps Using Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Transcriptome Analysis.

Chronic rhinosinusitis is a prevalent condition in the field of otorhinolaryngology; however, its pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. The immunological defense of the nasal mucosa is significantly influenced by dendritic cells (DCs). We identified specific biological indicators linked to DCs and explored their significance in cases of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). We categorized cells using single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing, and combined transcriptome sequencing was used to identify potential candidate genes for CRSwNP. We selected three biomarkers based on two algorithms and performed enrichment and immune correlation analyses. Biomarkers were verified using training and validation sets, receiver operating characteristic curves, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Variations in biomarker expression were validated using pseudotime analysis. The networks of competing transcription factor (TF)-mRNA and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) were established, and the protein drugs associated with these biomarkers were predicted. Both scRNA-seq and transcriptome data showed that DCs immune infiltration was higher in the CRSwNP group than in the control group. Three DC-related biomarkers (NR4A1, CLEC4G, and CD163) were identified. In CRSwNP, NR4A1 expression decreased, whereas CLEC4G and CD163 expression increased. All biomarkers were shown to be involved in immunological and metabolic pathways by enrichment analysis. These biomarkers were associated with γδ T cells, effector memory CD4 + T cells, regulatory T cells, and immature DCs. According to pseudotime analysis, NR4A1 and CD163 expression decreased from high to low, whereas CLEC4G expression remained low. We screened and identified potential DC-associated biomarkers of CRSwNP progression by integrating scRNA-seq with whole transcriptome sequencing. We analyzed the biological pathways in which they were involved, explored their molecular regulatory mechanisms and related drugs, and constructed ceRNA, TF-mRNA, and biomarker-drug networks to identify new CRSwNP treatment targets, laying the groundwork for the clinical management of CRSwNP.

Characteristics of price related fluctuations in non-fungible token (NFT) market.

A non-fungible token (NFT) market is a new trading invention based on the blockchain technology, which parallels the cryptocurrency market. In the present work, we study capitalization, floor price, the number of transactions, the inter-transaction times, and the transaction volume value of a few selected popular token collections. The results show that the fluctuations of all these quantities are characterized by heavy-tailed probability distribution functions, in most cases well described by the stretched exponentials, with a trace of power-law scaling at times, long-range memory, persistence, and in several cases even the fractal organization of fluctuations, mostly restricted to the larger fluctuations, however. We conclude that the NFT market-even though young and governed by somewhat different mechanisms of trading-shares several statistical properties with the regular financial markets. However, some differences are visible in the specific quantitative indicators.

Malaria parasitaemia and its impact on biological parameters among children

Malaria remains a major public health problem in children in endemic areas. This study aimed to determine its prevalence, intensity, and assess how biological parameters like RBC count, haemoglobin, haematocrit, glycaemia, platelet count and WBC count vary with respect to parasitaemia in children <16 years attending the Nkwen District Hospital, northwest Cameroon. The study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted between March-May 2023. Structured, closed-ended questionnaires were administered to obtain information. Patients' temperature was measured using an infrared forehead digital thermometer. Malaria was diagnosed by RDT and positive samples Giemsa-stained for parasitaemia. Full blood count was performed using a haemolyser and glycaemia measured using a glucometer. In total, 321 children were examined. Overall prevalence of malaria (all P. falciparum) was 22.7% (73/321), with 24.7% (18/73), 34.2% (25/73) and 41.1% (30/73) having low, moderate and high parasitaemias, respectively. Overall GMPD was 2.670.8±179.9/μL; children aged 6-10 years were hit hardest (5.377.7 ± 3.2/μL). Malaria-positive children had significantly lower RBC count, Hb concentration, Hct, blood sugar, WBC and platelet counts (p<0.05) compared to those that were negative. Among positive children, RBC count, Hct, Hb, lymphocyte and platelet count each showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease while total WBC and granulocyte count each showed a significant (p<0.05) increase with increasing levels of parasitaemia. Changes in biological parameters during malaria are sensitive but poor specific indicators of malaria because they may overlap with symptoms of other infections. More attention should be given to children aged 6-10 years during strategic planning and design of malaria control programmes.

Use of Medical Protocols to Improve the Hospital Length of Stay and Quality of Care

Improving the quality of patient care includes measures to reduce hospitalisation time and improve recovery conditions and consequently patient safety during their stay in the hospital. The most common complications that arise during the nursing of patients in hospitals, which lead to extended length of stay, are hospital-acquired infections and thrombotic events. In our efforts, as the Naousa General Hospital, to reduce the incidence of these complications, we proceeded to the creation of specialized medical protocols for their prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment. We recorded measurements and results of improvements in various cases and different implementation times of medical protocols and processed the collected data with specific statistical indicators. Through the statistical analysis of the data recorded, we found significant benefits and a noticeable improvement in key performance and quality indicators in the overall conditions of hospitalisation of patients. We conclude that by applying and utilizing specific medical protocols and monitoring their results, we can reduce the incidence of hospitalacquired infections and thrombosis, thus we achieve to reduce the average length of stay in our hospital and increase the overall quality and safety of care. Our findings clearly indicate that investment of human and financial resources in the development, evolution, and proper application of protocols can have multiple benefits, both to patients and hospital organisations.

Evaluasi Peran Dewan Pengawas Syariah di Indonesia

This research discusses the evaluation of the Sharia Supervisory Board's (DPS) role in the context of Islamic finance in Indonesia through a bibliometric approach. The research focuses on the development of literature related to DPS and its impact on Islamic finance. The rapidly evolving literature in Islamic finance (Siddiqui, 2016; Hasan, 2014) highlights the need for evaluating the role of DPS to ensure its effectiveness (Hasan et al., 2020). The study employs bibliometric methods to identify research trends, main topics, and the impact of literature on DPS. Key references include Siddiqui's work (2016) on the development of Islamic finance in Southeast Asia and Hasan's study (2014) on Sharia governance in Islamic banks. Additionally, Khan (2018) and Kettell (2011) provide in-depth insights into Islamic business ethics and the introduction of Islamic finance. Research findings from this analysis reveal literature gaps and affirm the relevance of bibliometric methods in measuring research impact, identifying trends, and addressing literature gaps. The implications support further research development with a focus on underexplored aspects, including regional exploration and cross-country comparisons. Recommendations involve developing alternative evaluation methods, practitioner case studies, and contributions to policy development related to the role of DPS, utilizing specific performance indicators, and exploring technology implementation in the context of Islamic finance. These suggestions are expected to guide future researchers in developing more in-depth and relevant studies in this continuously evolving domain.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE FEASIBILITY OF NORMALIZING THE LEVEL OF GREENING OF SANITARY AND PROTECTIVE ZONES OF OPERATING QUARRY ROCK DUMPS IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

To reduce the impact of polluted air on human health it is important to expand the areas of green spaces and create healthier conditions for the local population to live and reproduce biodiversity. Dumps of overburden the surface of which has reached intensive self-overgrowth with grass and tree-shrub vegetation and the industry of the adjacent land should be considered as fabricated objects with a high potential of gas-absorbing capacity of pollutants from the surface layer of atmospheric air. A comparison of the amount of emissions of pollutants which are directly during the dumping of overburden dumps with the ability of vegetation to adsorb them during the growing season revealed the following: rather high indicators of the absorption capacity for sulfur oxide and the ability to self-clean the surface layer of the air as well as an additional balance of regenerated oxygen due to green vegetation. Calculations of emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere from vehicles were made taking into account unloading operations from the dumping of mining mass into a dump and taking into account their formation during the combustion of fuel from internal combustion engines of special equipment according to specific indicators. The analysis of the cartographic material showed a sufficient level of greening of the sanitary and protective zone of the dumps in accordance with the territory planning recommendations. The possibility of self-cleaning of the surface air layer should be considered during the preparation of relevant environmental impact assessment reports of the planned economic activity and during the planning of dumping, the volumes of which are related to the gradual advancement of the work front in the quarry. This will make it possible to consider industrial lands with a high level of greening as one of the ways to increase the ESG rating of economic activity in terms of the impact of environmental risks on atmospheric air quality and its minimization due to a sufficient level of industrial lands greening.

The Design and Application of a Polarization 3D Imager for Land Object Imaging

Polarization 3D imaging is a passive, monocular, long-distance 3D imaging technology. Compared with traditional 3D imaging methods, it has many advantages, such as its lack of need for a light source, lack of need for image matching, and ability to achieve 3D imaging using only a single image. In this study, the principle of polarization 3D imaging was introduced. In the design process of a polarization 3D imager, the acquisition method for obtaining polarization information, the extinction ratio, the spatial resolution, and the refractive index of objects was introduced in detail. The influence of these key factors on the accuracy of polarization 3D imaging was analyzed. Taking the limitations of a small satellite payload into account, specific indicators such as multi-aperture polarized imaging, a 10,000:1 extinction ratio, and a spatial resolution of 30 m were designed. The implementation and functions of the polarization 3D imager were elaborated upon, and optical systems and polarizing devices were developed. Finally, by utilizing the image data obtained by the polarization 3D imager, polarization 3D imaging of real ground objects was obtained. The accuracy of the polarization 3D imaging inversion was approximately twice the spatial resolution. These research results lay the technical foundations for the development and practical application of polarization 3D imaging technology and instruments.

Financial Indicators of Sustainable and Financialised Municipal Water Infrastructure

Organisations that operate utility infrastructure, such as water and electricity, within the municipal context have choices to make in terms of their preferred business model. Such choices include their business goal, implementing agent, and market structure. This study focuses on two of the possible business goals, namely to deliver a ‘sustainable service’ or a ‘financialised service’, defining these terms and exploring the general characteristics of the types of organisations involved in each, such as ownership profiles and exposure to financial market instruments. The study then goes into detail for two relevant case studies, which are Joburg Water, South Africa as a sustainable service, and Thames Water Utilities, England, as a financialised service. It takes a closer look at ten specific financial indicators calculated from the 2021/22 financial statements of Joburg Water and Thames Water Utilities. The study concludes with a tentative proposal for the financial indicators of sustainable and financialised services.

A Quantitative Study on the Effectiveness of Open Educational Resources (OER) in Enhancing Creative Thinking Skills

This research aims to provide empirical evidence on the effectiveness of Open Educational Resources (OER) in facilitating transformative learning experiences that enhance students' creative thinking skills. A quantitative approach was employed for the study, wherein two groups, experimental and control, underwent pre-tests and post-tests to measure variables such as fluency, flexibility, elaboration, and evaluation of their creative thinking abilities. The study revealed significant differences between pre-test and post-test scores for both groups, particularly in the indicators of flexibility and evaluation. However, diverse outcomes were observed when examining n-gain scores across all indicators of creative thinking skills, suggesting that the effectiveness of OER in facilitating transformative learning varies depending on the specific creative thinking indicators measured. The research emphasizes that while OER can facilitate transformative learning processes, it may not yield uniform results across all dimensions of creative thinking. The obtained results indicate no significant difference in flexibility. Contradictory conditions can be observed in fluency, elaboration, and evaluation indicators, showing significant differences. Therefore, educators should adopt varied approaches when integrating OER into their curricula to maximize the potential benefits of enhancing students' creative thinking skills. For future research, it is highly recommended to focus on the effectiveness of OER based on the type of content or subject matter taught to identify the most effective sources. Further research is also needed to compare the effectiveness of OER with other teaching methods.

Роль инноваций в устойчивом развитии экономики

This article examines the impact of innovations on the sustainable development of the Russian economy. The authors emphasize the importance of innovative development for improving the country's competitiveness and economic progress. The work conducts a systematic analysis of current challenges and identifies key challenges facing the Russian Federation in the context of the innovation process. The article analyzes strategic directions and possible solutions that can accelerate innovative activities and increase the efficiency of introducing scientific and technological achievements into industry and the economy. The authors pay special attention to studying existing barriers and problems such as insufficient innovative infrastructure, as well as searching for ways to overcome barriers on the path to innovative development. The basis for the analysis is the state program "Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation", which determines the strategic direction of innovative activities until 2030. In the context of this program, as well as other legislative and program documents, the introduction of the innovative component of the UN Sustainable Development Goals in Russia is considered. Analysis of specific goals, tasks and indicators allows identifying potential points of integration and opportunities for international innovative cooperation.

Pre-Service Teacher Competence in a Teacher Education Institution

This study aimed to describe the level of competence of pre-service teachers of Camarines Norte State College College of Education in terms of the Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers (PPST) and the significant relationship between their academic performance and level of competence. The study employed the descriptive-correlational research design. Data used in this study came from a survey of BSEd and BEEd pre-service teachers (n=125) and cooperating teachers (n=125) in Camarines Norte, Philippines. A questionnaire consisting of the specific indicators of the PPST was the main data-gathering instrument. The study revealed that the pre-service teachers had an advanced level of competence in Content Knowledge and Pedagogy, Learning Environment, Curriculum and Planning, Community Linkages and Professional Engagement, Personal Growth and Professional Development, and above average level of competence along Diversity of Learners and Assessment and Reporting domains of the PPST. Policies and programs were proposed to improve the level of competence of the pre-service teachers.

Exploring Teacher Leadership in Times of Uncertainty

This qualitative study voices teachers’ and school leaders’ perspectives on teacher leadership in the aftermath of the educational disruption that lasted over two consecutive academic years. Research studies have documented the influences of this disruption on teacher leadership as it unfolded in schools worldwide, including in Qatar. This research examines teacher leadership manifestations after schools reopened for onsite teaching and learning, and it focuses on the following questions: What are the main changes in teachers’ leadership practices based on teachers’ and school leaders’ perspectives? To what extent did teachers develop different leadership practices towards students, colleagues, school leaders, and parents? What have teachers taken away from their experiences during COVID-19 that they will use in classrooms in the future? The sample is comprised of 14 educators working in Qatar government schools. The educators include primary school teachers (N = 10), vice-principals (N = 3), and a principal (N = 1). Findings reveal that teachers acquired adaptation skills that they carried to the school context. The educators further expanded their communication skills to encompass multiple stakeholders inside and outside the school. Lastly, the educators acquired technological skills that have supported student learning and professional learning. These teacher leadership manifestations were informal and voluntary and did not have a formal status or recognition. Despite these continuous changes and new requirements, several manifestations of teacher leadership, which had emerged during the pandemic, had disappeared. The study thus argues that the relapse of specific teacher leadership indicators may be due to the failure of policymakers and school administrations to establish systemic and systematic systems that support teacher leaders. Recommendations for researchers and practetioners are provided.

International, National and Intra-University Rankings as a Motivator of Quality and Success: The Experience of Sumy State University

Despite their shortcomings, university rankings have become one of the most important, popular, and practical tools for measuring the effectiveness of activities in the world’s educational and scientific space, a kind of external audit mechanism. They are also an effective tool for decision-making by stakeholders, a means of introducing a culture of competitiveness into the work of personnel, and, of course, a critical management factor that can help optimize existing and establish new internal business processes, that is, be a tool for self-analysis, benchmarking and strategic planning. Ranking methodologies are constantly updated, and higher education institutions aim to increase attention to one or another direction of educational and scientific activity, as well as the fulfilment of the “third” mission, in particular, the achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals.&#x0D; International rankings of universities are diverse; they can be conventionally grouped into five categories: scientific and educational activity, research, Sustainable Development Goals achieving, ecological orientation, and assessment of webometric indicators. At the same time, the rankings of one category differ according to specific indicators, methodological aspects and have different regional appeal. The experience of Sumy State University proves the need to participate and consider the maximum possible number of ranking measurements in the current activity.&#x0D; Formulated priorities and conceptual principles of activity of Sumy State University in the 2000s are ambitious, as they provided for the development of a European-level university based on research and entrepreneurial model, and do not lose their relevance. The meaning of the rankings is determined, given their role in forming the general and functional strategies of the university’s development. The tool for implementing these strategies is the development of an intra-university ranking, which is aimed at the comprehensive evaluation of activities, development of a self-evaluation system, provoking multi-level competition, and adjustment of structural divisions for effective action in the global educational space. This intra-university ranking covers all critical areas of activity of the structural units of the university: scientific and pedagogical potential, formation of a contingent of education seekers, quality of educational and scientific and extracurricular work with students, quality of international activity, level of publication of results of scientific activity, quality of training of scientific and pedagogical personnel, quality of presentation of activity results on the Internet and media space, financial evaluation of innovative activity, as well as international and national levels of measurement of multidisciplinary activity.&#x0D; The article states that understanding the dependence of the country’s success on the quality of education and science necessitates the creation of national ratings and government programs to support the most successful universities. The national ranking, in particular and unlike the international ones, due to the increase in the number of sources of statistical information, has the opportunity to take into account a more significant number of various factors for all three missions of the university (research, educational activity, the level of socio-economic impact) and should be as transparent as possible. In the national rating, there is an opportunity to overcome one of the critical shortcomings of the international university ratings — the inconsistency of the international and domestic interpretation of statistical data and to simplify the data validation process significantly. The article contains several suggestions on the essence of what has been stated.

"Integration as organising principle to strengthen quality of chronic care: Scoping Review results (First part of work commissioned by the World Health Organization on specifications of quality of care for chronic conditions)"

Introduction &amp; Who Is It For? There is a need to strengthen quality of chronic care to benefit people with chronic conditions (PwCC). Cascades of care for chronic conditions consistently show marked decline from “overall prevalence” to “good control”[1,2]. Qualitative studies demonstrate that user-related barriers redound on care quality, e.g. accessibility (geographically inaccessible, service non-availability), (non-)affordability, and affective concerns (not person-centered)[3,4]. Hence, many do not complete the “journey”: those screened do not return for confirmatory diagnosis, those diagnosed do not return for treatment; and those on treatment are not adherent. The WHO recognizes this and has proposed putting forth financing mechanisms to strengthen chronic care quality. However, there is currently no existing sound conceptualization of good quality chronic care.&#x0D; Involvement &amp; Methodology: For a comprehensive overview of dimensions of chronic care quality, a multi-disciplinary team (PwCC, general practitioner, public health/health system/policy researcher, anthropologist, sociologist, health economist) conducted scoping review. We reviewed 48 scientific articles studying implementation of (new/established) models and/or dimensions of chronic care quality. We purposively retrieved 26 grey literature. &#x0D; Results: We retained the Institute of Medicine’s quality aims/dimensions: effectiveness; efficiency; safety; equitability; accessibility, affordability, timeliness; and person-centredness[5]; and added continuity of care. We considered the health system determinants groups: leadership and governance; financing; resources; and service delivery[6]. &#x0D; Learnings: Analysis indicates that acting on determinants would achieve chronic care quality dimensions. Applying integration principles[7] can organize actions. Akin to population-based integrated care models, we envision an integrated health service delivery model for PwCC, including those at risk. This model offers community-based and facility-based chronic care services responsive to population and individual needs, encompassing health promotion, and primary, secondary, tertiary prevention; addressing risks, social determinants; involving different sectors, disciplines; and with virtual integration[8] of care levels/organisations. This way, multi-sectoral strategies and chronic care services at different levels delivered by various healthcare providers are integrated to include population actions, incorporate mechanisms connecting PwCC with various resources, and assure seamless access to all care levels, including informal caregiver- and self-management. Thus, covering all steps of the “journey”. &#x0D; At the same time, functional integration[9] would organize actions on: &#x0D; -Leadership and governance (policies,engagement). PwCC engagement is crucial to co-formulate policies and co-design and co-implement interventions with greater likelihood for success. Multi-sectoral engagement is relevant for co-designing/co-implementing interventions on risks and determinants of chronic conditions.&#x0D; -Financing (generation/sharing, [re-]allocation), and &#x0D; -Resources (generation/sharing/augmentation, re-distribution). &#x0D; These integrative approaches can increase efficiency, effectiveness and person-centredness; ensure continuity; feasibly make services equitably accessible; and motivate people to complete the “journey” to prevent/control risks, augment adherence, and achieve good control.&#x0D; We previously demonstrated integration of integrated primary diabetes care with other ongoing health care activities in a lower-middle-income country, which improved diabetes care quality[10,11]. &#x0D; Successful integration of “integrated chronic care services” to improve chronic care quality is therefore plausible. Chronic care quality dimensions can then be measured through specific indicators (structures, processes, outcomes) and corresponding financing mechanism(s) put in place. &#x0D; Next Step: The chronic care quality indicators will be finalised through Delphi surveys with various stakeholders from the different WHO regions.

The extended care team for people with multimorbidity as a complex adaptive system: How to raise the adaptability of your own team.

1.Short summary: Rapid changes in healthcare structure and demands require continuous adaptability of healthcare teams. This workshop will describe a case vignette of a patient with multimorbidity to start a theoretically underpinned reflection on how teams can be supported to adapt to changing contexts.&#x0D; 2.Why: Traditionally healthcare delivery has been structured based on disease-specific guidelines, procedures and teams in which effectiveness and quality of interventions is often measured by means of disease specific clinical outcome indicators defined in disease-specific randomized clinical trials. However, for people with a combination of disorders or with a complex context, outcomes are often a lot more uncertain. In addition, patients with multimorbidity are often followed by different professionals in different healthcare and welfare services, each with their own perspective and priorities. Therefore, interprofessional healthcare teams often operate in complex situations. Moreover, they tend to operate in fragmented order throughout different primary and secondary healthcare and welfare services. Complexity science has been introduced in healthcare as a theoretical framework to better understand complex situations. Interdisciplinary healthcare teams can be viewed as Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) by focusing more on the team members' interactions than on the characteristics of individual team members. Viewing teams in this way can provide us with insights into the origins of team behavior. Insights that can be supportive to improved team functioning and improved integrated care.&#x0D; 3.Audience: Clinicians, teamleaders, managers&#x0D; &#x0D; Structure (90')&#x0D; &#x0D; Introduction (10') on changes in population needs (e.g. multimorbidity) and healthcare delivery (e.g. interprofessional collaboration) including the related challenges. The need for optimizing the adaptability of clinical teams towards this changing working context will be emphasized as focus of the workshop. Theoretical background on complexity science as a lens to better understand working in VUCA (volatile, uncertain, complex, ambiguous) conditions&#x0D; Group work (30') A case vignette will be provided of a patient with multimorbidity taken care of by a multiprofessional team. Based on the case vignette participants will fill in the CAL questionnaire (Complex Adaptive Leadership Organisational Capability Questionnaire). Group discussion on the meaning of the scores will be guided by the moderators&#x0D; Theory (10')The constructs of the Questionnaire will be explained and the use of the questionnaire as a monitoring tool during team transitions will be discussed&#x0D; Group work (10') discuss/brainstorm about strategies to influence the topics defined in the different questions of the questionnaire.&#x0D; Reporting back (20') small groups will report back about the strategies they have defined for each question.&#x0D; Wrap up and key messages (10') Two minutes of repetition of the theoretical principles of complexity science in healthcare by the moderators. Group formulation of preferred strategies defined during the workshop to optimize the adaptability of clinical teams in working with complex patients&#x0D; 5.How to engage&#x0D; Small group discussions – plenary discussions&#x0D; Case vignette – clinical reflection – brainstorm&#x0D; Dscussion on transferability of ideas to real world situation&#x0D; 6.Take home messages?&#x0D; Partly by moderators, partly by participants&#x0D; One pager with theoretical underpinning + further reading suggestions will be provided

Unveiling Segregation’s Impact: Analyzing the Relationship Between Dimensions and Police-Involved Homicide of Minorities in U.S. Counties

Literature on police-involved homicide has failed to explore the influences of differential segregation dimensions. Analyzing data from 584 U.S. counties, we assessed the effects of five segregation dimensions for Blacks and Hispanics. Black police-involved homicide risk was lower in counties with increased evenness and exposure segregation dimensions, but higher in areas with elevated clustering. However, the risk for Hispanics was higher in counties with greater centralization and concentration, yet lower in areas with reduced clustering. Moreover, the association between the outcome and specific segregation indicators was moderated by the minority population share. Different segregation dimensions impact police-involved homicide for minorities through distinct mechanisms. Policies reducing police killings should be tailored by social group and area characteristics.

EUSOMA quality indicators for non-metastatic breast cancer: An update

IntroductionQuality care in breast cancer is higher if patients are treated in a Breast Center with a dedicated and specialized multidisciplinary team. Quality control is an essential activity to ensure quality care, which has to be based on the monitoring of specific quality indicators. Eusoma has proceeded with the up-dating of the 2017 Quality indicators for non-metastatic breast cancer based on the new diagnostic, locoregional and systemic treatment modalities. MethodsTo proceed with the updating, EUSOMA setup a multidisciplinary working group of BC experts and patients’ representatives. It is a comprehensive set of QIs for early breast cancer care, which are classified as mandatory, recommended, or observational. For the first time patient reported outcomes (PROMs) have been included. As used in the 2017 EUSOMA QIs, evidence levels were based on the short version of the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. ResultsThis is a set of quality indicators representative for the different steps of the patient pathway in non-metastatic setting, which allow Breast Centres to monitor their performance with referring standards, i.e minimum standard and target. ConclusionsMonitoring these Quality Indicators, within the Eusoma datacentre will allow to have a state of the art picture at European Breast Centres level and the development of challenging research projects.

Slope unit-based genetic landform mapping on Tibetan plateau- a terrain unit-based framework for large spatial scale landform classification

Genetic landform classification and mapping provide crucial information concerning the formation and evolution of the earth surface, aiding in understanding geological processes, climate variation, and driving mechanisms of earth dynamics. Conventional pix and object unit-based research paradigms poss challenges in classifying and mapping the genetic landform on a large spatial scale, while the terrain unit-based method offers an inspiring opportunity for this typical landform task. In this context, we herein developed a slope unit (SU)-based landform classification framework, involving improving the mean curvature method for SU segmentation, developing the spectra method to determine the minimal area size of SU, introducing a specific quantitative indicator system for describing SU, and a universal classification model based on XGBoost. Using the entire Tibetan Plateau as the study area, we first implemented the genetic landform map and divided it into nine genetic landform types including aeolian, arid, loess, karst, periglacial, fluvial, glacial, volcanic-lava, and lacustrine. Classification results achieved an encouraging performance with overall accuracy, kappa coefficient, and mean accuracy of up to 90.2%, 84.71%, and 88.65%, respectively. Experimental results suggested that delineated genetic landform regions and their boundaries are generally closely correlated with regional climatic conditions, geological factors, or surface processes. Compared to pix or object-unit-based methods, the SU delineation results possess internal homogeneity and clear terrain boundaries with geo-meaning. Compared to the watershed-unit-based method, our method is better suited for large-scale landform classification. In the end, we confirmed that the proposed framework can be extended to large-scale planetary genetic landform mapping via two case studies on Mars and Moon, which is transferable yet straightforward. In brief, we argued that the proposed framework offered a powerful and effective method in large-scale genetic landform classification, somewhat effectively circumventing the limitations of existing landform classification methods.