Specific Effects Research Articles

A comprehensive overview of the molecular features and therapeutic targets in BRAFV600E-mutant colorectal cancer.

As one of the most prevalent digestive system tumours, colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant threat to global human health. With the emergence of immunotherapy and target therapy, the prognosis for the majority of CRC patients has notably improved. However, the subset of patients with BRAF exon 15 p.V600E mutation (BRAFV600E) has not experienced remarkable benefits from these therapeutic advancements. Hence, researchers have undertaken foundational investigations into the molecular pathology of this specific subtype and clinical effectiveness of diverse therapeutic drug combinations. This review comprehensively summarised the distinctive molecular features and recent clinical research advancements in BRAF-mutant CRC. To explore potential therapeutic targets, this article conducted a systematic review of ongoing clinical trials involving patients with BRAFV600E-mutant CRC.

Development and evaluation of vaccination strategies for addressing the continuous evolution SARS-CoV-2 based on recombinant trimeric protein technology: Potential for cross-neutralizing activity and broad coronavirus response

Given the significant decline in vaccine efficacy against Omicron, the development of novel vaccines with specific or broad-spectrum effectiveness is paramount. In this study, we formulated four monovalent vaccines based on recombinant spike trimer proteins, along with three bivalent vaccines, and five monovalent vaccines based on recombinant spike proteins. We evaluated the efficacy of different vaccination regimens in eliciting neutralizing antibodies in mice through pseudovirus neutralization assays. Following two doses of primary immunization with D614G, mice received subsequent immunizations with Omicron (BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/5) boosters individually, which led to the generation of broader and more potent cross-neutralizing activity compared to D614G boosters. Notably, the BA.4/5 booster exhibited superior efficacy. Following two doses of primary immunization with Omicron (BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/5), mice were subsequently immunized with one dose of D614G booster which resulted in broader neutralizing activity compared to one dose of Omicron (BA.1, BA.2, or BA.4/5). In unvaccinated mice, full-course immunization with different bivalent vaccines induced broad neutralizing activity against Omicron and pre-Omicron variants, with D614G&BA.4/5 demonstrating superior efficacy. However, compared to other variants, the neutralizing activity against XBB.1.5/1.9.1 is notably reduced. This observation emphasizes the necessity of timely updates to the vaccine antigen composition. Based on these findings and existing studies, we propose a vaccination strategy aimed at preserving the epitope repertoire to its maximum potential: (1) Individuals previously vaccinated or infected with pre-Omicron variants should inoculate a monovalent vaccine containing Omicron components; (2) Individuals who have only been vaccinated or infected with Omicron should be inoculated a monovalent vaccine containing pre-Omicron variants components; (3) Individuals without SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination should inoculate a bivalent vaccine comprising both pre-Omicron and Omicron components for primary immunization. Additionally, through cross-inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 D614G spike trimer protein and SARS-CoV-1 spike protein in mice, we preliminarily demonstrated the possibility of cross-reaction between different coronavirus vaccines to produce resistance to the pan-coronavirus.

Multilevel Logistic Regression Analysis of Correlates of Graduate Employment by Fields of Specialization

A number of research settings involve data having a multilevel (hierarchical) structure. Failing to take into account such hierarchical structures may lead to wrong statistical inference. The objective of this study was to explore the correlates of employment status among graduates of Ethiopian Higher Education Institutions nested within their fields of specialization using hierarchical two‐level logistic regression model. The study sample consisted of 2569 graduates nested within 20 fields of specialization. The impact of level-1 covariates and fields of specialization on employment outcome was explored using average marginal effects. The estimated variance of the random (field of specialization) effects was found to be significant – an indication that a multilevel model is appropriate. Likelihood ratio test confirmed that the multilevel random coefficients model was a better fit to the data. Besides demographic and socio-economic characteristics of graduates (and their households), the dimensions related to the skills and competences of graduates, namely perceived level of training of graduates on technical/practical skills and soft skills at their universities as well as cumulative grade point average, had significant influence on employment outcomes. The results also revealed that the effect of practical skills on graduate employment varied across fields of specialization. Average marginal effects analysis indicated that the probability of employment was lower for graduates who were unmarried, aged below 25, with disability, from a low income family and those graduates who perceived that their preparation for practical as well as soft skills required in the job market was less than expected/very poor. Moreover, practical and soft skills differentials in the probability of graduate employment were found to diminish with an increase in cumulative grade point average. To improve graduate employment, provision of adequate training in practical/technical and soft skills is recommended.

High performance and special effect pigments

High performance and special effect pigments

Performance evaluation of a simple electrochemical treatment model for saline wastewaters: Part B

This paper investigated the performance of the electrochemical treatment technique in removing chloride from saline wastewater (brine) with the critical objective of purifying the wastewater, evaluated the efficacies of selected mathematical models and particular attention to selected polynomial regression models as a follow-up to previous studies. The saline wastewaters were prepared and subjected to electrochemical treatment using developed carbon–resin (anode) and aluminium (cathode) electrodes. Electrochemical treatment of the synthesised saline wastewaters (between 10 x 10^3 mg/l and 40 x 10^3 mg/l of chloride) was conducted on a laboratory scale. The influences of selected or picked-out operational factors on the functioning or efficacy of the electrochemical purification process of the wastewater were monitored using fractional factorial experiments. Three mathematical models were formulated using Microsoft Excel Solver and evaluated statistically. The study revealed that the current, the time and the interval distance between the electrodes were significant and vital factors that impacted on the performance of the electrochemical purification treatment of brine. The factors with negative special effects on the performance of the treatment process of brine were separation distance between the electrodes, pH, the depth of the electrode, the initial and primary concentration of the chloride and the flow and discharge rate of the wastewater. The performances or efficacy of the polynomial regression models in predicting the performance of the treatment technique were with average errors of 2.99 %, 2.97 % and 2.94% and accuracy of 97.01 %, 97.03 % and 97.06 % for Models A, B and C, respectively. It was concluded that the electrochemical treatment of brine with carbon-resin electrodes is efficient in removing chloride from brine and the selected models predicted the performance of the treatment technique well.

Spectroscopic Benchmarks by Machine Learning as Discriminant Analysis for Unconventional Italian Pictorialism Photography.

Up to the 1930s, the Italian pictorialism movement dominated photography, and many handcrafted procedures started appearing. Each operator had his own working method and his own secrets to create special effects that moved away from the standard processes. Here, a methodology that combines X-ray fluorescence and infrared analysis spectroscopy with unsupervised learning techniques was developed on an unconventional Italian photographic print collection (the Piero Vanni Collection, 1889-1939) to unveil the artistic technique by the extraction of spectroscopic benchmarks. The methodology allowed the distinction of hidden elements, such as iodine and manganese in silver halide printing, or highlighted slight differences in the same printing technique and unveiled the stylistic practice. Spectroscopic benchmarks were extracted to identify the elemental and molecular fingerprint layers, as the oil-based prints were obscured by the proteinaceous binder. It was identified that the pigments used were silicates or iron oxide introduced into the solution or that they retraced the practice of reusing materials to produce completely different printing techniques. In general, four main groups were extracted, in this way recreating the 'artistic palette' of the unconventional photography of the artist. The four groups were the following: (1) Cr, Fe, K, potassium dichromate, and gum arabic bands characterized the dichromate salts; (2) Ag, Ba, Sr, Mn, Fe, S, Ba, gelatin, and albumen characterized the silver halide emulsions on the baryta layer; (3) the carbon prints were benchmarked by K, Cr, dichromate salts, and pigmented gelatin; and (4) the heterogeneous class of bromoil prints was characterized by Ba, Fe, Cr, Ca, K, Ag, Si, dichromate salts, and iron-based pigments. Some exceptions were found, such as the baryta layer being divided into gum bichromate groups or the use of albumen in silver particles suspended in gelatin, to underline the unconventional photography at the end of the 10th century.

Research on The Innovative Development of Digital Media Art in The Era of Artificial Intelligence

From desktop design to virtual imaging, digital media art has jumped beyond the "screen" and undergone tremendous changes in the past few decades. Its application fields have also shifted from the initial graphic design and film and television special effects to display design, military, geography and other fields. Digital media art brings novel audio-visual experiences and provides convenience in life. Human activities are closely connected with digital media. Digital media art relies on digital media technology to artistically display creativity, which has a profound impact and is crucial to the development and growth of cultural and creative industries. In order to explore the characteristics and future development of digital media art, this article uses interdisciplinary research methods, comparative research methods, literature research methods, etc. to understand the relationship between digital media technology and artificial intelligence, from the perspectives of technology, communication, and art Let’s observe the current performance of digital media art as it becomes more and more intelligent, find out the problems and solutions hidden under the wave of intelligence, and explore the innovative development strategies of digital media art.

Electromagnetic Design and Analysis of a Stator–Magnet Transverse Flux Linear Oscillatory Machine with Yokeless Mover Core

Conventional stator–magnet moving−iron transverse−flux linear oscillatory machines (CSMTLOMs) are widely applied in directly−drive reciprocating devices due to the merits of easy fabrication and robust mover. However, in order to keep the mover vibrating at a certain resonance frequency to save the energy and enlarge the output power, they still suffer from a higher requirement on spring stiffness due to their thick and heavy mover core, which would also narrow the frequency band with a high power factor due to the large inertial energy storage of the heavy mover. Hence, to reduce the mover core weight to reduce the demand of the spring and improve the operation performance, an improved linear oscillatory machine featured by a spoke−type interior permanent magnet inner stator (ISMTLOM) is proposed. Benefiting from its separated two stators, the tangential flux in the radial plane can return through the inner stator core, so that the yoke of the mover core can be eliminated directly. Then, to analytically investigate the influence of the special axial local saturation effect, the segmental equivalent magnetic circuit (EMC) model of the ISMTLOM is established, wherein a saturation coefficient is introduced to quantitatively consider the local saturation effect on the output force. Consequently, several important size parameters are optimally selected when keeping the same outer diameter and copper loss as that of the CSMTLOM. Afterward, the three−dimension finite element algorithm (3D FEA) is adopted for the electromagnetic performance validation and comparison. Finally, it is found that the nonlinear segmental EMC corrected by the saturation coefficient can quickly predict the output force more accurately within the wide load range, and benefiting from the topology improvement, the ISMTLOM has the merits over the CSMTLOM in its smoother output force, much lighter mover core, and less demand of mechanical spring stiffness, whilst preserving the similar output force density.

Phonation threshold pressure in inspiratory vs expiratory phonation

Inspiratory or reverse phonation refers to the production of voice when air is inhaled from the mouth and nostrils into the lungs. This way of phonation occurs naturally during laughter, sighs, and crying [1]. It has also been used to achieve special vocal effects by singers, shamans, and ventriloquists, and is common in the vocalizations of other mammals and birds. Furthermore, it is a useful treatment exercise in voice therapy for several voice disorders [2]. However, despite its relevance, few physical studies of inspiratory phonation have been conducted, and its underlying physics still needs further clarification.

Contact us! An audit study to examine the responsiveness of political elites on social media during a Dutch election

In this paper, we report on the findings of a correspondence audit study to examine the responsiveness of political candidates on social media in relation to ethnicity. This study examines how responsive political candidates are to private social media messages (i.e., Facebook). Drawing on established theoretical insights, we focus on responsiveness of candidates to a citizen with a Dutch and non-Dutch name. More specifically we take into account political leaning and ethnicity of the candidate itself. We also pay attention to the technical side of the social media platform and how this affects responsiveness. We found no effect for discrimination based on ethnicity. Notably, we did observed a significant effect of the technical specifications of Facebook, which influence responsiveness at large.

Effects of deep coal mining on groundwater hydrodynamic and hydrochemical processes in a multi-aquifer system: Insights from a long-term study of mining areas in ecologically fragile western China

The groundwater hydrodynamic and hydrochemical process of the multi-aquifer system will experience complicated and serious influence under deep coal mining disturbance. There is relatively little research that has integrated hydrodynamic and hydrochemical properties of groundwater to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and evolution patterns of hydrogeochemistry and hydrodynamic information in deep multi-aquifer systems. The study of the groundwater hydrodynamic and hydrochemical spatiotemporal coupling response of multi-aquifer systems under the deep and special thick coal seam mining-motivated effect in ecologically fragile western mining areas is of great significance for the safe mining of coal resources and ecological environment protection. In this research, the hydrochemical analysis data composed of 218 groundwater samples from Tangjiahui coalfield, Northwest China with 1526 measurements and a 6-year (2016–2021) sampling period were collected for studying the hydrogeochemical spatiotemporal evolution process and governing mechanism of the multi-aquifer system using hierarchical cluster analysis, ion-ratio method, saturation index and multidimensional statistical analysis. Additionally, wavelet analysis and cross-wavelet coherence analysis were implemented to quantitatively recognize the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of hydrodynamic information and analyze the coherence relationships between time series. The results demonstrate that the hydrochemical characteristics exhibit significant spatial differences, while the temporal variation of hydrochemical characteristics in the Permian Shanxi Formation fractured sandstone aquifer (PSFFA), mine water (MW), and Ordovician karst limestone aquifer (OKA) is not significant. The water-rock interaction is the predominant control mechanism for the spatial evolution of hydrogeochemistry in the research area. Moreover, the large-scale mining of deep coal seams controls the type and degree of water-rock interactions by damaging the structure of aquifers and altering the hydrodynamic conditions of groundwater. The period from 2016 to 2021 exhibits multi-time scale characteristics in time series of precipitation, mine water discharge, and the water level of PSFFA and OKA. The mine water discharge has a positive correlation with the water level of PSFFA and OKA, whereas the significant period of precipitation and the water level of PSFFA coherence is not obvious. The research findings not only provide in-depth insights to protect the groundwater resources in water-shortage mining areas but also promote the secure mining of deep coal resources.

Simulation research on Tai Chi movement posture resolution based on multi-MEMS sensor combination

The combined system based on multiple MEMS sensors is a miniature measurement system used for dynamic output and display of 3D information about the user's posture. It is mainly used for various Tai Chi movement posture calculation simulation research, wearable devices, etc. This article explores MEMS sensor technology, focusing on MEMS sensor data processing, Tai Chi movement position calculation and fusion calculation positioning algorithm. Due to the high noise characteristics of MEMS sensor devices, time series analysis is used to model MIMU signals and Kalman filtering is optimized. As a research field, simulation of Tai Chi movement appears in the intersection of biomechanics, robotics and computer science. The purpose is to create a computer model to simulate the natural and real body movements of the human body under certain conditions. In addition to creating special effects, Tai Chi movement posture calculation simulation can also be used for operation training and research on body structure. This article first introduces the typical applications of several MEMS sensor combinations, and then introduces the key technology of studying Tai Chi movement simulation. The kinematics and mechanics data of Tai Chi are obtained using biomechanical measurement technology, while the individual simulation of Tai Chi dynamics is realized in a certain mode of the machine. By creating a kinematic model of the human upper limb, and finally creating a flexible machine that imitates the human upper limb, to analyze the kinematic characteristics of the human upper limb, and cleverly realize the imitation of active interaction, the simulation of human movement and the solution of Tai Chi movement posture Simulation.

Film and Television Special Effects AI System Integrating Computer Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Technology

Particle systems can achieve many scenarios that are difficult to achieve in the field or expensive in reality. In this paper, the requirements of 3D film special effects and the design process of particle systems are studied. Unity3D engine was used to simulate 3D movie special effects. Then, the motion trajectory planning of 3D video group animation characters based on particle swarm optimization is proposed. Then, the system models the animated characters’ moving track to achieve the realism’s dynamic effect. This project intends to use the gravity optimization method for particle swarm optimization. The aim is to overcome the optimization difficulty caused by particle swarm optimization, which is easy to fall into local extreme values. Finally, the generated trajectory information is input into the 3D simulation system for conflict detection and clustering tests. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can effectively render memorable scenes such as movies and TV. The picture has a high real-time frame rate and is realistic.

Computer Simulation and Innovation of Virtual Reality Technology in Film and Television Animation Scene Construction

One of the artistic mediums of film and television is works of art. They represent a company's and a nation's cultural legacy in the modern period. They have long been the spirits that guide civilization towards affluence and advancement. The advancement of computer technology has led to extraordinary advancements in cinema and television technology, particularly in the field of special effects. When compared to more established real-world film and television technologies, virtual reality (VR) technology offers filmmakers and producers more creative freedom. This research propose novel technique in computer aided system in VR technology in film and television animation scene modelling based on artificial intelligence (AI). Here the virtual reality in film and animation scene has been constructed using machine learning. The 3D graphic design in animation scene modelling is carried out using convolutional generative fuzzy encoder face deformable model. Experimental analysis is carried out based on various animation scene construction dataset in terms of accuracy, precision, RMSE, robustness, F-1 score. This article designs a colour rendering system for 3D animation that is primarily separated into several modules based on various functionalities.

Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted 3D Mesh Models Based on Multi-Group Partition and Closest Pair Prediction

The reversible data hiding scheme in the encrypted domain is a potential solution to the concerns regarding user privacy in cloud applications. The 3D mesh model is an emerging file format and is widely used in engineering modeling, special effects, and video games. However, studies on reversible data hiding in encrypted 3D mesh models are still in the preliminary stage. In this paper, two novel techniques, multi-group partition (MGP) and closest pair prediction (CPP), are proposed to improve performance. The MGP technique adaptively classifies vertices into reference and embeddable vertices, while the CPP technique efficiently predicts embeddable vertices and generates shorter recovery information to vacate more redundancy for additional data embedding. Experimental results indicate that the proposed scheme significantly improves the embedding rate compared to state-of-the-art schemes and can be used in real-time applications.

Accommodating and Extending Various Models for Special Effects Within the Generalized Partially Confirmatory Factor Analysis Framework.

Special measurement effects including the method and testlet effects are common issues in educational and psychological measurement. They are typically covered by various bifactor models or models for the multiple traits multiple methods (MTMM) structure for continuous data and by various testlet effect models for categorical data. However, existing models have some limitations in accommodating different type of effects. With slight modification, the generalized partially confirmatory factor analysis (GPCFA) framework can flexibly accommodate special effects for continuous and categorical cases with added benefits. Various bifactor, MTMM and testlet effect models can be linked to different variants of the revised GPCFA model. Compared to existing approaches, GPCFA offers multidimensionality for both the general and effect factors (or traits) and can address local dependence, mixed-type formats, and missingness jointly. Moreover, the partially confirmatory approach allows for regularization of the loading patterns, resulting in a simpler structure in both the general and special parts. We also provide a subroutine to compute the equivalent effect size. Simulation studies and real-data examples are used to demonstrate the performance and usefulness of the proposed approach under different situations.

Mask 3D parameter optimization for improving imaging contrast of plasmonic lithography

Based on plasmonic lithography (PL) technology, and aiming at the special nano-optical effect of metal/dielectric multilayer composites and mask three-dimensional (M3D) effect, a method for optimizing mask parameters is proposed. As a common analytic formula, the optical transfer function method has been introduced to analyze the imaging process. In order to include the M3D effect, FDTD is used to quantitatively calculate the PL imaging results, and the aerial image (AI) intensity and the light intensity contrast of AI in the photoresist layer can be obtained. The simulation results suggest that the imaging resolution and light intensity contrast can be improved by optimizing the M3D parameters such as the sidewall angle, thickness, and material of the mask absorber. For the line space test pattern with critical dimension = 150 nm and pitch = 300 nm, the results indicate that the optimal sidewall angle is 40°, resulting in an increase in the light intensity contrast of 344%. The light intensity contrast with a mask thickness of 70 nm is improved by 11% when compared to a mask thickness of 60 nm. The use of Ta and opaque MoSi on glass as the mask absorber material improves the light intensity contrast to varying degrees compared to the Cr mask.

Benefits of Training on the SHREDmill, a Non-motorized Resistance Treadmill

The SHREDmill, a non-motorized, non-curved resistance treadmill, offers significant benefits for sports training, particularly in activities requiring high speed and agility, such as football. Its design promotes natural running mechanics, crucial for performance enhancement and injury prevention. Customizable incline and resistance settings allow for tailored training to simulate specific athletic movements, enhancing both safety and effectiveness. Advanced software provides real-time feedback on performance metrics, enabling immediate adjustments and continuous improvement. The SHREDmill’s compact design supports high-intensity sprint training in confined spaces, making it ideal for gyms and training facilities. Athletes, such as football players benefit from the SHREDmill’s ability to replicate short sprints and explosive power, essential to their training regimen.

Pengaruh Inovasi Promosi Media Sosial Instagram dan Tiktok untuk Menarik Pelanggan Baru pada Bube Boba Café

In today’s digital age, social media has become one of the most effective tools for marketing a variety of, including the food and beverage industry. Platforms like Instagram and TikTok provide a great opportunity for to interact directly with their customers like Bube Boba Cafe. As a result, BubeBoba Cafe must maximize both of these platforms in its marketing strategy. The type of research used is qualitative descriptive method. This method is used to provide a more detailed description of the impact of Instagram and TikTok's social media promotion innovations on the recruitment of new customers at Bube Boba Cafe. The sample used in this study is a BubeBoba Cafe customer who uses social media Instagram and tikTok to learn information about products and promo cafes. The data collection technique used in this study is with interviews and study of libraries or written sources such as books, previous research, papers, data collected and then analyzed to find out the impact of Instagram and TikTok social media promotion innovations on the recruitment of new customers at Bube Boba Cafe. Data analysis is carried out using descriptive qualitative analysis techniques to obtain a more detailed description and detail of the results of the research. To run a strategy using social media touch. Bube Cafe uses promotional tools in carrying out its promotional activities, as follows: 1. Advertising The advertising media on the social media of TikTok is the tikTok ads, from which there are several types of ads such as pre-roll asd is the video ad that is started when the user opens tiktok, in-feed ads is the advertising video that appears when the users of tiktok menscroll feed, promoted hastag challenges is video that encourages the users to use special tags, and last branded effects is the filter of special effects to be used by the creators of content in video, these effects are similar to the filters that exist in snapchat and instagram but which is the differentiator is this filter displays special information. 2. Direct marketing is like making interactive videos.

Targeted protein degradation systems to enhance Wnt signaling

Molecules that facilitate targeted protein degradation (TPD) offer great promise as novel therapeutics. The human hepatic lectin asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGR) is selectively expressed on hepatocytes. We have previously engineered an anti-ASGR1 antibody-mutant RSPO2 (RSPO2RA) fusion protein (called SWEETS) to drive tissue-specific degradation of ZNRF3/RNF43 E3 ubiquitin ligases, which achieved hepatocyte-specific enhanced Wnt signaling, proliferation, and restored liver function in mouse models, and an antibody–RSPO2RA fusion molecule is currently in human clinical trials. In the current study, we identified two new ASGR1- and ASGR1/2-specific antibodies, 8M24 and 8G8. High-resolution crystal structures of ASGR1:8M24 and ASGR2:8G8 complexes revealed that these antibodies bind to distinct epitopes on opposing sides of ASGR, away from the substrate-binding site. Both antibodies enhanced Wnt activity when assembled as SWEETS molecules with RSPO2RA through specific effects sequestering E3 ligases. In addition, 8M24-RSPO2RA and 8G8-RSPO2RA efficiently downregulate ASGR1 through TPD mechanisms. These results demonstrate the possibility of combining different therapeutic effects and degradation mechanisms in a single molecule.