Specific Character Research Articles

From social issue to art site and beyond – reassessing rural akiya kominka

ABSTRACT Akiya or vacant houses are often perceived as threats to their neighborhood, as socio-political problems for local communities, and as objects of difficult decisions for their owners. However, recently there has been a reappraisal of their forgotten qualities and a revival in interest in such houses, especially when considered as sites of a special character suited to different types of cultural events. This article explores the implications of the use of akiya in rural communities in Japan, tracing the trajectory of change from irritating nuisance to local (touristic) attraction and art site. Furthermore, it analyzes how this shift has the potential to lead to their reassessment as valuable resources not only for the revitalization of local communities but also for private choices in everyday life. The article analyzes three specific art installations created within the framework of recurring art festivals and staged within the walls of old vacant dwellings, and the artists’ thoughts behind them, which hint at incentives for akiya use inspired by the sites. The artworks offer opportunities for interactions between residents, artists, and visitors, influencing insider and outsider perceptions of the local community, and they function as innovative playgrounds for local citizens’ and newcomers’ individual choices. Examples from the field show that the artist’s role as yosomono (outsider) ultimately has the potential to pave the way towards a more diverse and creative view of these community assets, changing the perception of the vacant house from being a bothersome and useless legacy into a resource.

Ancient Textual Restoration Using Deep Neural Networks

Ancient text restoration represents a critical area in computer science because it reflects an imagination about human life in early eras. Deep leaning plays a crucial role in AI last few years, specifically Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), to regenerate and acclimatize old manuscripts that have suffered from the time effects, degradation, or deterioration. This work used Codex Sinaiticus dataset that preprocessed by encoding the dataset after that number and special character have been removed, new line symbol has been removed, tokenization process has been used to separate each word as an instance. Class target has been generated by removing character making it as a target and replacing it with special character. Using produces Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), which consist of generator and discriminator inside in one learning framework. The generator part responsible for generating the missing text while the discriminator evaluates the generated text. But using an iteratively procedure these networks together collaboratively to provide a very sensitive reconstruction operations with the same format of ancient manuscripts, inscriptions and documents. Three prediction models used as proposed techniques for retrieving missing ancient texts are LSTM, RNN, and GAN and the results was validation accuracy 86%,92% and 98% respectively.

FEATURES OF THE MANIFESTATION OF PLASTIC MOVEMENTS IN STUDENTS MOTOR FITNESS VARIOUS LEVELS

The analysis of scientific and methodological literature has enabled us to state that plasticity is characteristic of all motor actions close to perfection. It reflects their specific character and, with its various manifestations, emphasizes the diversity of human motor activity. Plasticity of movements, being an important qualitative aspect of motor activity, reflects the level of motor fitness. Insufficient study of various manifestations of students' plastic movement has been revealed, which confirms the relevance of this study. The purpose of the research is to the study of movement plasticity of students with various levels of motor readiness. The following research methods were used: the study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, and methods of mathematical statistics. To determine the level of development of movement plasticity, a number of tests characterizing its various manifestations were used. This article provides the results of eight tests. The study involved 72 ASIPSC and YSU 1st and 3rd course students, who were divided into 2 groups: the 1st group were 38 students: 16 girls and 22 boys engaged in sports and the 2nd group were 34 students, 18 girls and 16 boys respectively not engaged in sports. Studies of various manifestations of plastic movements both group students revealed an ambiguous picture. As expected, the student-athletes, both boys and girls, performed better with the control tasks. Diverse motor fitness, motor experience contributed to an average higher manifestation of plasticity of movements. Along with this, as the results of the study showed, the plasticity of movements in various types of motor activity has particular manifestations, and its development requires the purposeful use of means and methods aimed at increasing artistry, elegancy, and expressiveness of movements. The data obtained in the course of the study on the plasticity of movements, as one of the manifestations of motor coordination, provide a general concept of the quality of its performance, and allow us to estimate the degree of formation of students’ general culture of motor.

ПРОПАГАНДА КАК ПРЕВЕНТИВНАЯ ИННОВАЦИЯ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ РОССИЙСКОМ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВЕ

The article deals in studying the preventive nature of positive propaganda and highlights the specifics related to the legal regulation of preventive propaganda. It reveals the preventive possibilities of positive propaganda with its inclusion in the legal field. The preventive possibilities of preventive propaganda are positively assessed by the Russian legislator, which results in the emergence of more and more varieties of such propaganda in acts of the federal and regional levels. The author emphasizes that preventive propaganda is a means of legal policy so its specific character should not be limited only to preventive measures in the context of crime prevention. Preventive propaganda includes a wide range of measures to stimulate socially useful behavior in various social spheres. There is a tendency that the development and legitimization of preventive propaganda in the norms of law often begins, as a rule, with the legislative consolidation of the prohibition, which can be traced to the institution of traditional family values.

ТЕМА СЕМЬИ В ОСМЫСЛЕНИИ А.Н. ТОЛСТОГО (ПО РОМАНУ «ПЕТР ПЕРВЫЙ»)

One of the most large-scale works of the twentieth century – A.N. Tolstoy’s novel “Peter the First” – has been chosen for literary analysis. Particular attention is paid to the theme of family and marriage, which runs through the entire narrative. Parallels with the writer’s early work, his life circumstances that influenced his understanding of the family realities of the historical past are drawn. The images of royalty and their attitudes to family reasons are considered in detail. Through specific characters, the author addresses global moral issues that accompany changes in social life. Particular attention is paid to the changes in the Russian state under the influence of European trends, which are actively introduced as a result of Tsar Peter’s transformations and give impetus to the destruction of the original patriarchal foundations. This environment recreated by the author leads the reader to comprehend the problem of interethnic relations, to understand the need to preserve Russian traditions, one of the pillars of which is the family.

Applications of ZnSe quantum dots for solar energy harvesting

To reduce the large usage of fossil fuels, scholars have made great efforts to develop green energy such as wind energy, biomass energy, and solar energy. Solar energy has special benefits, thus solar energy harvesting technologies including solar cells, luminescent solar concentrators, photocatalysis have been studied widely. It is meaningful to study the working principle of those technologies. For the special properties of ZnSe, different kinds of nanostructure of it have been used for solar energy harvesting. Among them, since quantum qot structure has some specific characters, the application of it for solar energy harvesting are worthwhile to mention. This study aims to introduce solar cells, luminescent solar concentrators, photocatalysis technologies and the applications of ZnSe quantum dots for them. It found that ZnSe quantum dots enhanced the behavior of Si nanowire solar cells. Besides, the outstanding performance of luminescent solar concentrators based on InP/ZnSe quantum dots is partly own to ZnSe shell structure. Moreover, some quantum dots including ZnSe shell structure behave good photocatalytic H2 evolution performances. At the same time, the nanostructures of the quantum dots mentioned are shown.

The change in legal relations with a public or municipal authorities regulated by budget legislation and grant agreements

Public and municipal authorities regularly act as customers of various goods, works and services, as well as finance projects or provide targeted support to organizations as part of the implementation of State support measures. If the first role, as a rule, is implemented through traditional public procurement, then the second is through special regulation created under the conditions of appropriate support, and through agreements on the provision of subsidies or grants in the form of subsidies. Such agreements are not subject to procurement legislation, and the content of the legal relations generated by them has low regulatory and methodological security. At the same time, the Civil Code of Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the CC RF) is increasingly being applied to relations based on agreements by analogy with law. The implementation of agreements, as a rule, is associated with the emergence of an objective need to change them, related both to changes in the circumstances from which the parties proceeded when concluding them, and to subjective reasons, including planning errors. Within the framework of the article, the authors, using dialectical, logical, systemic and functional methods, considered and highlighted the circumstances of the permissibility and inadmissibility of making changes to these agreements. A special utilitarian character is carried by a fragment of the article based on the analysis of judicial practice and acts of regulatory and auditing authority, which highlights specific situations that are important for the formation of a comprehensive understanding of the assessment of the circumstances of changing agreements.

Проект письменности для исчезающего бесписьменного алюторского языка

The purpose of the article is to organize the graphic and orthographic patterns found in Alutor language publications, establish fundamental rules for Alutor writing, and provide a theoretical rationale for them. The text examined in the analysis comprised a series of books written in Alutor. The Alutor script was created under the influence of the dominant Russian and Koryak writing systems. A fundamental aspect involves phonemic representation utilizing the Cyrillic alphabet alongside specific national characters and graphical combinations B’, Г’, Ӄ, and Ӈ. Following the syllabic principle, the letters E, Ё, Ю, and Я, as well as hard and soft signs, are utilized. The challenge is how to depict the super-short vowel sound [ǝ] in writing through the use of the letter Ы. The representation of glottal [ʔ] and epiglottal [ʕ] consonants in written form poses challenges as well. Until the start of the 21st century, these consonants were a defining element of monolingual speech. Nonetheless, the impact of Russian language phonetics caused a reduction in glottal and epiglottal consonants. The morphological principle, concerning the duplication of consonants at morpheme boundaries, is significant in the context of the Alutor script. The analysis revealed the unification of the author's variants of the Alutor script by the 1820s of the 19th century. The graphical and orthographic system of the Alutor language was developed without normative guidelines by editors of national texts and linguists.

Red and Black: On the Semantic Invariant in Fyodor Dostoevsky’s The Brothers Karamaz

The article examines the onomastic aspects of the Karamazov surname in Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novel The Brothers Karamazov, reviewing its primary interpretations. The majority of studies on this subject suggest a Turkic origin, associating the surname with the word qara ‘black’. Existing interpretations of the anthroponym are categorized based on two criteria: the way they interpret the method of encoding information into a literary name and the approach to tracing its transtextual connections. This analytical framework facilitates a novel interpretation of the surname Karamazov, revealing its embedded opposition of “red vs black” (qara ‘black’ vs. kirmiz ‘red’), which permeates various levels of the text, including etymological, historical, literary, textual, and intertextual dimensions. Additionally, the paper compares this opposition with a similar thematic contrast in Stendhal’s novel The Red and the Black, focusing on typological parallels rather than specific names, characters, or plot elements. The authors assert that Karamazov represents a distinctive feature of Russian literature, accommodating multiple interpretations supported by compelling and comprehensive motivations. This nuanced understanding is pivotal for decoding the text, as it underscores the oppositions and conflicts that shape the narrative across different layers of the novel.

Cladogram construction of mosquitos based on morphological characteristics

The mosquito identification process is very important regarding their role as vectors in many arthropod-borne diseases. The mosquito's identification based on morphological characteristics is very complex. The constraint in the identification process is the unavailability of adequate human resources. This article presents an effort to identify mosquitoes more easily based on the specific characteristics of each taxon. The aim of making a cladogram is to make it easier to identify mosquitoes in family, genus, and species taxa, especially in the genus Anopheles. Cladograms were constructed based on morphological characters on wings and their pale scale pattern, scutellum, proboscis, and palpi. The study revealed that based on morphological characters, four cladograms were constructed based on the number of wings, the number of pale scales four or more, and also less than three pale scales, that were for Genus Anopheles, Subgenus Anopheles, and two cladograms for Subgenus Cellia. The specific morphological characters in mosquitos can be used to construct the cladogram for easier identification.

Произведения А.Н. Толстого 1914–1917 гг.: от публицистического высказывания к художественному образу

The article analyzes the relationship between various works of different genres by A.N. Tolstoy, which were created during World War I. These works share a common theme, which includes opinion pieces such as Tragic Spirit and Haters (1914) and From the Diary for 1917 (1917), cycles of sketches on the military theme (Through Volhynia, Through Galicia, In the Caucasus), and the writer’s prose fiction, including stories such as An Ordinary Man (1914), On the Mountain (1915), Under Water (1915), A Passing Man’s Tale (1917). Tolstoy’s stories of this period rely on the material he collected during his trips to the war zone and reflected for the first time in journalism. The assessments made in these stories were not always a return to specific plots and characters. The author’s involvement in the events described was more evident in his prose fiction. His works had a sense of authenticity due to the spirit of the times and the necessary details he included. The article also traces the genesis of the writer’s attitude towards the war, both during 1914–1917 and later in the novel Road to Calvary (1919–1921).

Synthesis and luminescent properties of hetero-bimetallic and hetero-trimetallic Ru(II)/Au(I) or Ir(III)/Au(I) complexes.

A series of Ru(II) and Ir(III) based photoluminescent complexes were synthesised that incorporate an ancillary 2,2'-bipyridine ligand adorned with either one or two pendant N-methyl imidazolium groups. These complexes have been fully characterised by an array of spectroscopic and analytical techniques. One Ir(III) example was unequivocally structurally characterised in the solid state using single crystal X-ray diffraction confirming the proposed formulation and coordination sphere. These complexes were then transformed into their heterometallic, Au(I)-containing, analogues in two steps to yield either bi- or trimetallic complexes that integrate {Au(PPh3)}+ units. X-ray diffraction was used to corroborate the solid state structure of the hetero bimetallic complex, based upon a Ru(II)-Au(I) species. The heterometallic complexes all displayed red photoluminescent features (λem = 616-629 nm) that were consistent with the parent Ru(II) or Ir(III) lumophores in each case. The modulation of the emission from the Ru(II)-Au(I) complexes was much more strongly evident than for the Ir(III)-Au(I) analogues, which is ascribed to the inherent differences in the specific triplet excited state character of the emitting states within each heterometallic species.

Individualized lipid profile in urine-derived extracellular vesicles from clinical patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.

Lipids are a key nutrient source for the growth and reproduction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Urine-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), because of its non-invasive sampling, lipid enrichment, and specific sorting character, have been recognized as a promising research target for biomarker discovery and pathogenesis elucidation in tuberculosis (TB). We aim to profile lipidome of Mtb-infected individuals, offer novel lipid signatures for the development of urine-based TB testing, and provide new insights into the lipid metabolism after Mtb infection. Urine-derived extracellular vesicles from 41 participants (including healthy, pulmonary tuberculosis, latent tuberculosis patients, and other lung disease groups) were isolated and individually detected using targeted lipidomics and proteomics technology platforms. Biomarkers were screened by multivariate and univariate statistical analysis and evaluated by SPSS software. Correlation analyses were performed on lipids and proteins using the R Hmisc package. Overall, we identified 226 lipids belonging to 14 classes. Of these, 7 potential lipid biomarkers for TB and 6 for latent TB infection (LTBI) were identified, all of which were classified into diacylglycerol (DAG), monoacylglycerol (MAG), free fatty acid (FFA), and cholesteryl ester (CE). Among them, FFA (20:1) was the most promising biomarker target in diagnosing TB/LTBI from other compared groups and also have great diagnostic performance in distinguishing TB from LTBI with AUC of 0.952. In addition, enhanced lipolysis happened as early as individuals got latent Mtb infection, and ratio of raft lipids was gradually elevated along TB progression. This study demonstrated individualized lipid profile of urinary EVs in patients with Mtb infection, revealed novel potential lipid biomarkers for TB/LTBI diagnosis, and explored mechanisms by which EV lipid raft-dependent bio-processes might affect pathogenesis. It lays a solid foundation for the subsequent diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of TB.

Soils of the island bars of the Ola lagoon (Okhotsk sea)

The aim of the study. The purpose of the work is investigating soil formation on the island bars of the Ola Lagoon, as soil formation there has a special character due to the severe climate, dynamism and small age of the landscapes, and the influence of marine colonial birds. Location and time of the study. Field studies were conducted in June-July 2022 in the coastal zone of the Ola Lagoon of Magadan Region; laboratory and desk studies were conducted in 2022 and 2023. Methods. Methods included route observations with soil profile descriptions, mesomorphological studies; soil physical and chemical analyses: pH, electrical conductivity (TDS), loss on ignition (LOI); satellite photos interpretation and soil mapping. Results. The bar soils were qualified as dry-peat lithozems, differing in the thickness of the dry peat horizon TJ and the abundance of skeletal material (pebble). The dry-peat horizon is gradually merging into parent rock - dense marine pebbles, which are sometimes found in the dry-peat horizon due to storm "surges" from the sea. The TJ horizon consists of mesophilic plant residues and morphons of dark fine-disperse matter and a large number of semi-decomposed and living roots penetrating into the pebble layer. In the WRB system, soils correspond to Histic Leptosols (if shallow), or to Mawic Fibric Histosols. Conclusion. Formation of the dry-peat lithozems with the TJ-(TJ/С)-C profile is determined by the dry marine climate and low plant diversity of the meadows dominated by reed grass and wild rye. The main factors, shaping soil properties, are the island bars dynamics, specific of pebbles a parent rock material, salt impulverization and marine birds colonies presence. The research expands the knowledge on poorly studied soils of the region, and may contribute to substantiating their position in the classification of soils of Russia; in addition, the data obtained are useful within the framework of sustainable development, as it serves as nesting ground for colonial seabirds.

Recognizing Off-line Devanagari Handwritten Characters Using Modified Lenet-5 Deep Neural Network

Recognizing specific characters from a large set of handwritten characters is called off-line character recognition. Devanagari, the reading and writing script, is widely used in a broad region of India. This paper proposes using the modified LeNet-5 architecture for recognizing Devanagari off-line handwritten characters using the Devanagari Handwritten Character Dataset (DHCD). The dataset comprises 46 distinct character classes, each with 2000 images. The proposed modified Lenet-5 Base Architecture (MLCNN8) uses more filters and kernels of small sizes with batch normalization. The proposed modified Lenet-5 Base Architecture (MLCNN8) outperformed the Lenet-5 Base Architecture (LCNN) with an accuracy of 99.21% in 53 epochs, whereas LCNN achieved an accuracy of 94.50% in 48 epochs. Hence, the proposed modified Lenet-5 architecture outperforms the Lenet-5 Base Architecture. The proposed model's results were compared with other state-of-the-art and found that it also has an edge for recognizing the Devanagari handwritten characters.

Metaphor of Disease and Its Psychopathological Analysis in Eileen Chang's Novels

In modern Chinese novels, disease is a common theme, and different works also show different flavors. This paper mainly studies the metaphors behind the characters' diseases and the characters' morbid psychology in Eileen Chang's three representative works Flowers Wither, Golden Lock and Red Rose and White Roses. Through the research, the author can find that Eileen Chang's disease writing is related to her personal loveless family life experience, her love for tragic aesthetics and the aesthetic tendency of morbid things, and the popularity of medical treatment in society at that time. At the same time, this paper analyzes the cruel living situation of women revealed in the female diseases in his works. Whether it is arranged marriage or new-style marriage, women have lost the right to choice and autonomy in marriage, so the unhappiness of their marriage life is also the main reason for the disease. Finally, through the analysis of specific characters' diseases, the article shows the pathological psychological state of the characters' hearts under the disease in detail, and analyzes the relationship between them. Through the study, the author can find that the disease in Eileen Chang's works is not only as simple as the disease itself, but also shows a social style and the pathological state and psychology of the characters living in it.

«Дрожащая тварь» как прецедентный текст в современной русской литературе

The paper summarizes the usage of the precedent text, “the trembling creature,” in Russian literature during the last third of the twentieth and the early twenty-first centuries. The text under study appears as quotations, reminiscences, and various paraphrases. Its origin is attributed to Pushkin, who paraphrased the Bible and the Quran in his poetry to create eventually a memorable periphrasis of a God-fearing man. Dostoevsky’s Raskolnikov quotes and then paraphrases Pushkin’s text, altering its original meaning for his own motives. Since that time, dozens of Russian authors have been paraphrasing Raskolnikov. The paraphrases of the most renowned precedent text tend to function as “Raskolnikov’s word,” though in a truncated, form they are semantically connected to Pushkin’s paraphrase in some contexts. The phrase and Raskolnikov’s dilemma both became the locis communis of the intertext of all Russian literature in general and Crime and Punishment in particular. Contemporary post-modern prose incorporates the dilemma in collage chains of reminiscences and paraphrases. It is typically used by the hero or hero-narrator and becomes a means of self-evaluation. The characterological aspect originates from the initial dilemma, depicting careerist protagonists who “have the right” during the evolving capitalism in Russia, crime bosses driven by intellectual ambitions, or conversely, helpless and humiliated intellectuals. However, the instability of all these characters’ statuses and the duality of their self-identification are preserved. The discourse of specific characters striving to consciously imitate Raskolnikov or even surpass him features a repeated paraphrase.

Recreating Fantasy: Fan culture in fan-made merchandise and advertising on Chinese social media

Fandom has long been recognized as a dynamic and participatory culture. In the context of Chinese social media Weibo, this study investigates the fan-made merchandise and advertising landscape within the pop culture fan community, and explores how fan producers and consumers interact in the creation, promotion, and acquisition of fan-made merchandise by delving into the intricacies of product design, advertisement composition and its impact on audience feedback. With data collected from text analysis, the result of regression and statistic results show that fan producers exhibit a strong preference for merchandise featuring specific character images, emphasizing the ornamental aspects of their creations. Advertisement posts on social media serve as platforms for artistic self-expression, while the consumers prioritize concise product information. This dynamic interaction fosters collaborative value creation in the modern fan community, offering participants a chance to modify and add onto the original content as well as construct their own identity.

КОГНИТИВНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЦЕПОЧКИ КОММУНИКАЦИИ «ВИЗУАЛЬНЫЙ СТИМУЛ»-«ВЕРБАЛЬНЫЙ ПЕРЕСКАЗ» НА ПРИМЕРЕ «ФИЛЬМА О ГРУШАХ» У. ЧЕЙФА

Perception of an event is the daily activity of the human brain, which allows us to see the world not just as separate unrelated phenomena, but as some continuous sequence of interconnected actions of specific characters. Attempts to analyze the structure of perception of an event have been made since 1929. and with varying intensity they continued and continue until our time. The complexity of the phenomenon itself suggests the need for multimodal integration of individual elements of perception to be represented in the brain and requires the creation of tools for its analysis. In 1975, W. Chafe and his colleagues created a film design, the plot of which allowed researchers in a variety of directions to study this complex phenomenon. The film became universal material for different groups of scientists, and in domestic research it was called “The Pear Stories”. The goal of this work was to create a coding system that makes it possible to combine film frames with the subjects’ retelling of them, and by pairwise comparison of these encoded elements to create bicomponent models for describing the cognitive processes underlying the retelling. It turned out that in the Stimulus-Storyteller communication chain the semantic categories “heroes” and “infrastructure” are most consistently transmitted. It has been proven that the ratio of a large volume of text with a low interpretive task is a condition for the most complete transfer of content. It was discovered that in the process of retelling, the description of plot scenes is lost to a greater extent compared to the description of background scenes.

A Study on the Construction of the Mother Figure in the Chinese Comedy Film “Hi, Mom”

After entering the 21st century, the scale and technology of China’s film industry have developed rapidly. In the meantime, Chinese comedy films as an important part of China’s film industry have also received more and more attention. The Chinese comedy film “Hi, Mom” released in 2021 has won numerous awards and reputations for its humorous style and tribute to maternal love. This study takes “Hi, Mom” as a typical case to deeply investigate how the film constructs the image of the mother from multiple dimensions. In addition, under the guidance of Multimodal Discourse Analysis (MDA) theory, this study focuses on five main aspects: plot design, facial expressions, background music, iconic symbols and clothing style of the mother in the film for in-depth analysis and discussion. The main findings of this study provided several new perspectives and findings for other case studies on “Hi, Mom”, and further provided more references for other studies on the theme of “mother image”. The discussion of this study shows the multi-dimensional construction of specific character images by different elements in this film, which settled an important platform for the filming of related theme films in the future.