Pandanus Species Research Articles

Three new Hermatomyces species (Lophiotremataceae) on Pandanus odorifer from Southern Thailand

Investigations on microfungi on Pandanus odorifer (Pandanaceae) from southern Thailand resulted in the discovery of three new species of Hermatomyces (Lophiotremataceae). Phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, ITS, SSU, RPB2 and TEF1 sequence data showed that our new taxa cluster with Hermatomyces species and were well separated from Aquasubmersa and Lophiotrema species in Lophiotremataceae. We introduce the new species, Hermatomyces krabiensis, H. pandanicola and H. saikhuensis, with illustrated accounts. Evidence for demarcation of the three new species is provided using morphology and phylogenetic analyses. This is the first report of Hermatomyces on Pandanus species.

Lifting the curtain on our knowledge on New Guinean Benstonea (Pandanaceae)

New Guinea is one of the centres of diversity of Benstonea (Pandanaceae), a genus distributed from India to Fiji. Ten species were previously recognised on this island and further field observations, accompanied by the study of available herbarium material have brought new insights into species delimitations within a group of caespitose species with a solitary terminal infructescence. The taxonomical identity of Benstonea odoardoi is elucidated and is considered here as a synonym of Benstonea lauterbachii. Three new combinations and a new name—based on names of Pandanus species previously treated as synonyms of Benstonea odoardoi—are proposed for four distinct species belonging to this group of caespitose species and restricted to Indonesian New Guinea and Papua New Guinea. Finally, Pandanus bintuniensis is here considered as a synonym of Benstonea permicron.

The holomorph of Parasarcopodium (Stachybotryaceae), introducing P. pandanicola sp. nov. on Pandanus sp.

Collections of microfungi on Pandanus species (Pandanaceae) in Krabi, Thailand resulted in the discovery of a new species in the genus Parasarcopodium, producing both its sexual and asexual morphs. In this paper, we introduce P. pandanicola sp. nov., with an illustrated account. Evidence for the new species is provided by distinct morphology and phylogenetic analyses. This is also the first report of the sexual morph of Parasarcopodium. The phylogenetic trees used Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analyses of combined LSU, SSU, TEF1 and RPB2 sequence data to show the placement of the new species in Stachybotryaceae.

Headspace Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the differentiation of Pandanus species

Headspace Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (HS-FTIR) in tandem with chemometrics was applied to differentiate several species of the genus Pandanus. The headspace was generated from each Pandanus sample after incubation in a tightly sealed sample chamber. The resulting FTIR spectra of the headspace samples were found to be almost similar, but the application of principal component analysis (PCA) effectively differentiated the species. The unique spectral features for some samples were highlighted in the second-derivative FTIR spectra. A higher variance was exhibited in the PCA bi-plot of the 2nd derivative spectral data. The principal components differentiated not only the species, but also the cultivars or varieties, which formed distinct but proximate clusters. The manner of clustering obtained in this study resembled the behavior reported in a Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA analysis conducted on the Pandanus samples. The results demonstrate the potential of headspace FTIR spectroscopy as a simple, rapid, non-destructive, and relatively inexpensive method to discriminate between plant species and varieties.

The Identification of Biphenyl from Pandanus Pygmaeus

Secondary plant metabolites were purified from Pandanus species via standard silica column chromatography. These compounds were identified by utilizing spectroscopic methods. Biphenyl was included as one of the components from Pandanus pygmaeus. This paper reports on the isolation and identification of biphenyl.

Screening and study of antifungal activity of leaf litter actinomycetes isolated from Ternate Island, Indonesia

ObjectiveTo characterize abundance of leaf litter actinomycetes from Ternate Island and to assess the antifungal activity of actinomycetes isolates against Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae), and Aspergillus niger. MethodsActinomycetes were isolated from leaf litter of Durio species, Syzygium aromaticum, Piper betle, Myristica fragrans, or Pandanus species and unknown plants. Actinomycetes isolates were cultured in a liquid medium. Bioactive compounds were extracted and tested against fungal using Beury-Kirby method with modification. Minimum inhibitor concentration and cell leakages were conducted. Actinomycetes that produced the highest antifungal activity were indentified using molecular sequence data in 16S rRNA gene. ResultsOut of 50 selected isolates, two isolates MG-500-1-4 and SR-2-2 has highest activity against S. cerevisiae. Concentration of material containing nucleic acids, proteins, Ca+ and K+ ions and morphological observations indicated that extracts of MG-500-1-4 and SR-2-2 caused cell leakage and invagination of S. cerevisiae cells. Based on 16S rRNA gene identification, MG-500-1-4 and SR-2-2 isolates are similar to Streptomyces misakiensis and Streptomyces tricolor respectively. ConclusionsTernate Island contains interesting biodiversity of actinomycetes that has potential use in agriculture, fisheries, and human health to reduce problem of fungal pathogen.

Pandan (Pandanaceae) in Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia: an economic-botanical study

The people in the Indonesian province of Nusa Tenggara Timur (then East Lesser Sunda Islands) consist of many ethnic groups, each with their own local languages. The island of Flores is the second largest island within the East Lesser Sunda Islands. The island is inhabited by 10 ethnic groups, in which four are regarded as the dominant groups: Flores, Ende, Lio and Manggarai. The pandan flora of the island is still largely unknown; the same is for their ethnobotany. The aim of this current study is to know the traditional usages and potential uses of pandan flora in the Flores Island. The study was carried out in three regencies: Ende, Nagekeo and Manggarai. The result of this study shows that there are four species of Pandanus (P. amaryllifolius, P. dubius, P. kaernbachii, and P. tectorius) and one species of Freycinetia (F. insignis) are recorded from the areas understudy. The presence of P. kaernbachii in Flores Island is a new record. The people also recognises the diversity of Pandanaceae, especially from the genus Pandanus, in which they are known by local names such as “panda”, “re’a”, “waku”, and “mbojo”. Main usages of Pandanus are as material sources for handicrafts (mats, coffee bowls, and hats), dye, flavourings, funeral offering, and ornamental plant.

Biodiversity through Domestication

It is not widely known that Melanesia became a centre of horticulture and arboriculture about 8,000 years ago: taro (Colocasia esculenta, Cyrtosprema chamissonis, Alocasia macrorrhiza); sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum), a close relative called sayur lilin in Bahasa Indonesia, respectively pitpit in Neomelanesian Pidgin (Saccharum edule) of which the young inflorescence is eaten; yams (Dioscorea bulbifera and possibly other species like D. alata); banana (Musa spp., comprising Australimusa and Eumusa); two or more Setaria species (Setaria palmifolia, Setaria plicata...); beans of the genus Phaseolus; probably Rungia klossii and Abelmoschus manihot (cp. Okra, the also edible fruit of this plant), both green leafy vegetables with a high content of protein and minerals; sago (Metroxylon sagu, possibly also other species); several species of the genus Pandanus (e.g. P. brosimos and P. conoideus); breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis); the so-called Tahitian chestnut (Inocarpus fagifer); nut bearing trees like the Okari nut (Terminalia kaernbachii) and nuts of the genera Canarium and Spondias; coconut (Cocos nucifera) which was probably cultivated in island Melanesia or Polynesia. A number of these domesticated species, e.g. taro, sugar cane, Rungia klossii, other vegetables and nut-bearing trees were domesticated in isolated Highland New Guinea. Biodiversity was thus, by the gardening activities of ancestral Papuan peoples, increased in this part of the world. In some regions, which are not accessible by road as yet, this rich human-made biodiversity may survive for some time.

<p class="HeadingRunIn"><strong><em>Pandanus martinianus</em> (Pandanaceae), a new endemic species from northeastern India</strong></p>

A new species, Pandanus martinianus (Pandanaceae), from the foothills of West Siang District of Arunachal Pradesh and Dhimaji District of Assam of North-Eastern region of India is described and illustrated. The new taxon is distinguished from other Pandanus species by the dimensions and shape of its syncarp and the arrangement and shape of its drupes and stigmas. A discussion is provided of its morphological affinities, as well as a conservation assessment based on IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

Pandanus mangalorensis: a new species of Pandanaceae from Southern India

Pandanus mangalorensis, a new species from the Mangalore district, Karnataka state, India is described and illustrated. The new species differs from other Pandanus species in having prominent multiple branching, triangular infructescence, drupes arranged on a bony triangular ring, drupe apex pyramidal with acute and bifid style and stigma and central projection extended up to style base. The species appears to be endemic to the collection site and is assigned as Critically Endangered (CR) based on IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

The pandan flora of Foja-Mamberamo Game Reserve and Baliem Valley, Papua-Indonesia

Seven species of Pandanus and seven species of Freycinetia are observed in Kwerba and adjacent areas within the Foja-Mamberamo Game Reserve, Papua-Indonesia. Two species are proposed as new: Freycinetia kwerbaensis A.P. Keim and Pandanus korwae A.P. Keim. This recent study also acknowledges a new record for F. mariannensis and a possibly new record for F. vidalii. The rest are extension of distribution areas in mainland New Guinea. The discovery of a long searched almost mythical wild type of widely cultivated P. conoideus is also accomplished. A new species from Baliem Valley nearby Wamena in the Jayawijaya Mountains, Papua-Indonesia namely F. wamenaensis A.P. Keim is described.

Crystalline Calcium Oxalate in Pandanus Odoratissimus

Pandanus odoratissimus (P. odoratissimus) belongs to the Pandanus genus from Pandanaceae. The research involving this coastal species was reviewed and compiled. From the literature, the pharmacognostical and phytochemical investigations including chromatographic analysis were carried out on the leaves extract. Two phenolic compounds, four lignan type compounds plus a benzofuran derivative were published as the constituents of this plant. In addition, the biological work was also conducted. This included the investigation of antioxidative, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activities of the fractions. In this paper, the microscopical study utilising Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is presented. From the photomicrographs, both fruits and leaves of P. odoratissimus contained singly scattered and bundles of calcium oxalate raphides, observed as acicular crystals, having the shape of narrow, long and pointed needles. In addition, another morphological type of calcium oxalate was also observed. The styloids were detected as rectangular crystals having extensions around their four edges. Previously, the styloids were found in a different Pandanus species, P. gasicus and Freycinetia, another genus of Pandanaceae. In summary, this is the second report of the simultaneous occurrences of two crystalline shapes from a Pandanus.

<p class="HeadingRunIn"><strong><em>Pandanus belepensis</em> (Pandanaceae), a new species from the Belep Archipelago (New Caledonia)</strong></p>

A new species of Pandanus from the Belep Archipelago, northwestern New Caledonia, is described: Pandanus belepensis. This new species can be distinguished by the dimension of its leaves, the shape of its syncarp and drupe apex, and the arrangement of its stigmas. A description of the new species is provided, with illustrations, a discussion of its morphological affinities, and a conservation assessment based on the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

KERAGAMAN GENETIK PANDAN ASAL JAWA BARAT BERDASARKAN PENANDA INTER SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Genetic Diversity of Pandanus from West Java based on ISSR Markers . The genetic diversity of 10 species of Pandanus from West Java was examined using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) technique. Samples were collected from different localities in West Java. Two primers (ISSR2 and ISSR7) were selected as reliable amplifying ISSR markers. The two primers amplified 19 band position, with amplification size ranged from 200 to 1500 bp. Genetic distance for samples ranged from 0.267 to 0.957. Genetic distance was high (0.957) between P. pseudolais and P. spinistigmaticus, and between P. kurzii and P. pseudolais, where as genetic distance was low (0.267) between P. scabrifolius and P. bidur .

Collection, characterization and olfactory evaluation of Pandanus species in Southern India

A detailed survey along the coastal regions of Southern India revealed the occurrence of seven Pandanus species, viz. P. kaida Kurz., P. odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntz., P. canaranus Warb., P. furcatus Roxb., P. thwaitesii Mart., P. foetidus Roxb and a new species P. palakkadensis Nadaf, Zanan & Wakte. The fragrance of staminate inflorescences of these species was compared with the fragrance of commercial staminate inflorescences of P. odorifer. P. thwaitesii,P. kaida and P. palakkadensis recorded comparable fragrance with that of P. odorifer. The study reveals the fragrance potential of these species, which could be exploited commercially for extraction of essential oil.

A NEW SPECIES OF PANDANUS (PANDANACEAE) FROM BINTUNI BAY, WEST PAPUA

WIRIADINATA, H. 2009. A new species of Pandanus (Pandanaceae) from Bintuni Bay, West Papua. Reinwardtia 12(5): 443–446. — Pandanus bintuniensis Wiriadinata collected from Bintuni Bay, West Papua is described. It is very close to P. permicron Kanehira, but differs in wider leaf and brownish green coloured young leaf.

Ethnobotanical study on the Genus Pandanus L. f. in certain areas in Java, Indonesia

There were two species of Pandanus recorded in Java, Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. and Pandanus tectorius Sol. The leaf of P. tectorius is commonly harvested as source of handicraft materials, while P. amaryllifolius is for culinary aromatic purposes only. The pandan kunyit (P. tectorius Sol.) in Bangkalan and pandan jeksi (P. tectorius Sol. var. samak Werb.) in Kebumen (Central Java) are the best resource for plaiting industry. Prospect of Pandanus plaiting can rise the income of farmers in the village and rise foreign exchange depend on how to fulfill the best pandan and its processing. It is hoped the good relation between farmers and government to sustain and develop the pandan production.Key words: ethnobotany, Pandanus, uses, Java.

STUDI ETNOBIOLOGI PANDANUS DI PAPUA

<em>A research was carried out to study the diversity of Pandanus in the Papua region. The aim of the study was to find out how many species of Pandanus were all ready known by the people and used in their daily life. There are 42 species of Pandanus found in Papua. Based on the traditional utilization of the people in the Papua Tribe, Pandanus can be divided into seven group, i.e.: (1) species which are used for edible fruit, (2) species which are used for floor of houses, (3) species which are used for roofing, (4) species which are used for sleeping mat and rain covering, (5) species used for hunting, (6) species used for medicine, and (7) species which are still unknown</em>

Monocot Pseudanthia Revisited: Floral Structure of the Mycoheterotrophic Family Triuridaceae

The floral units of Triuridaceae, commonly regarded as flowers, may equally plausibly be interpreted as pseudanthia, i.e., modified and highly reduced partial inflorescences. This hypothesis is new for Triuridaceae, but earlier authors have noted strong similarities between the inflorescences of Cyclanthaceae and Pandanaceae (Pandanales) and the putatively pseudanthial floral units of some Alismatales (e.g., Potamogeton). The morphology of the floral units of Triuridaceae, particularly the female and hermaphrodite structures, closely resembles a smaller version of a Pandanus pistillate inflorescence. In some species of Pandanus, the female flower consists of a single uniovulate carpel with a single stigma, as in Triuridaceae. This striking morphological similarity is remarkable in the context of recent evidence from a single 18S nuclear rDNA sequence for Sciaphila that placed it as sister to Pandanaceae within Pandanales. However, because pseudanthia have been reported in both Alismatales and Pandanales, a pseudanthial interpretation does not in itself support or refute a close relationship with either of these orders, and a more detailed analysis of the phylogenetic placement of Triuridaceae is desirable. A pseudanthial interpretation provides a possible explanation for the inside‐out “flowers” of Lacandonia schismatica, in which the three stamens are distal to the numerous carpels; these may not be flowers but highly reduced partial inflorescences. Pseudanthia have apparently evolved several times in monocots and other basal angiosperms, and it may be useful to assess both inflorescences and flowers more flexibly in these groups in which developmental pathways are less canalized than in more derived angiosperm lineages.

Microfungi on the Pandanaceae: Polytretophora macrospora sp. nov.

Polytretophora macrospora is introduced based on specimens from two species ofPandanus in Seychelles. The new species is compared with currently accepted species. A key and a comparative synopsis toPolytetophora species are provided. Numerous specimens ofP. calcarata, collected on members of the Pandanaceae from Australia, Fiji, Hong Kong, Malaysia, New Caledonia, Palau, Philippines, Seychelles and Solomon Islands are also reported, along withP. dendroidea onPandanus sp. from Malaysia.