Species Of Hedysarum Research Articles

Анатомическое строение листа видов секции Gamotion Basin. рода Hedysarum L. (Fabaceae) Южной Сибири

Анатомическое строение листа видов секции Gamotion Basin. рода Hedysarum L. (Fabaceae) Южной Сибири

Recognition of a new species of Hedysarum (Fabaceae, Hedysareae) from China based on morphological and molecular evidence

A new species, Hedysarum cuonanum (Fabaceae, Hedysareae), is described from the eastern Himalaya in China. This new species is similar to H. xizangense, but differs by its lanceolate or narrowly elliptic leaflet blade, ovate or lanceolate bracteole about half the length of calyx tube, acute or obtuse standard apex, and mucronate keel apex. It also resembles H. longigynophorum, but can be distinguished by its leaflet blade with 13–19 secondary veins on each side, abaxial calyx tooth about 1.5 times as long as the adaxial teeth, standard as long as keel, and elliptic or ovate loment article. Phylogenetic analyses based on the nuclear ITS, ETS sequences, and the plastid psbA-trnH, trnC-petN, petN-psbM sequences showed that H. cuonanum is sister to H. xizangense, and the H. cuonanum + H. xizangense clade is then sister to H. longigynophorum.

Genetic relatedness and taxonomy in closely related species of Hedysarum (Fabaceae)

A multidisciplinary study, engaging morphological, carpological and molecular data, has been performed to investigate the genetic relatedness and taxonomic boundaries of the close species Hedysarum gmelinii, H. setigerum and H. chaiyrakanicum (Fabaceae) with overlapped distribution areas in southern Siberia. The diagnostic features of these legume species are analyzed and discussed, including their macro- and micromorphological characteristics, seed coat ornamentation and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) profiles. The morphometric features, pod and seed microsculpture traits of H. chaiyrakanicum and the ISSR patterns of the three species have been determined for the first time. Sprout, leaf, calyx, corolla, and stem rachis measurements, leaflet indumentum type and ISSR patterns significantly discriminate H. chaiyrakanicum from the other two species, whereas plant height, lengths of stem and leaf, and length and width of leaflet show opposite ranges of variation for H. gmelinii and H. setigerum though none of them is reliable in species identification. Ornamentation of seed coat and ISSR patterns does not differ significantly in the species. Therefore, our study supports the separate taxonomic treatment of H. chaiyrakanicum and the subordination of the cryptic species H. setigerum within H. gmelinii.

Ontogenesis and life forms of Hedysarum L. (Fabaceae) in South Siberia

Sixteen species of Hedysarum L. have been studied under different ecophytocenotic conditions in South Siberia. The peculiarities of vegetative reproduction, growth and dying of shoots, morphological structure, lifespan, and modification of aboveground and underground shoots are described. The system of life forms of Hedysarum L. is presented.

Clonal micropropagation of a rare species Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. (Fabaceae) and assessment of the genetic stability of regenerated plants using ISSR markers

In the present study, a protocol was developed for the in vitro propagation of a rare medicinal plant, Hedysarum theinum (tea sweetvetch), from axillary buds, and identification of the regenerants was performed with the use of ISSR markers. It was demonstrated that Gamborg and Eveleigh medium supplemented with 5 μM 6-benzylaminopurine was the best for H. theinum for initial multiplication. On the other hand, half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 7 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid proved to be the best for explant rooting. Molecular genetic analysis of the H. theinum mother plants and the obtained regenerants was performed with six ISSR markers. Depending on the primer, four to ten amplified fragments with sizes ranging from 250 to 3000 bp were identified. Our results confirmed the genetic stability of regenerants obtained in five passages and their identity to the mother plant.

Ecological and geographic variability of Hedysarum theinum and features of its propagation in vitro

The relationship between the morphological variability of the productivity characteristics and the genetic variability of the electrophoretic spectra of seed polypeptides in the valuable medicinal species Hedysarum theinum Krasnob was established based on analyzing six cenopopulations. The protocols for the microclonal propagation of advanced samples were developed. The most efficient multiplication was achieved in an MS medium supplemented with 5 μM BAP, 200 mg/L−1 glutathione, and 200 mg/L−1 casein hydrolyzate. The shoots were successfully rooted on the half-strength MS basal medium supplemented with 7 μM NAA.

The novelties in diagnostic of redlist plants from the genus Hedysarum

Plant of the genus Hedysarum L (Fabaceae) are the source of valuable medicinal substances. Effective diagnostic of wild species promising as a source of medicinal substances has a key value.The anatomy (histological features) of the rachis of compound leaves of redlist species Hedysarum razoumovianum DC. and H. grandiflorum Pall. collected Kinelskiy near Samara region (Cretaceous Kinelskoye spring) in June 2009 have been investigated. These investigations on petiolar anatomy confirm, clarify and support the data on anatomical and histological structure of studied species. Comparative analysis revealed structural features that may be serve further as diagnostic.

Karyological studies of the genusOnobrychisMill. and the related generaHedysarumL. andSartoriaBoiss. & Heldr. (Fabaceae, Hedysareae) from Turkey

Nine chromosome counts in several genera of the tribe Hedysareae from Turkey, six species of Onobrychis, two species of Hedysarum and one species of Sartoria, were reported and all karyotypes were prepared. Six of them are new. One of the other three reports is a confirmation of polyploidy, another report is a confirmation of chromosome count and the last report is a confirmation of both chromosome count and karyotype morphology. Except for karyotype of O. altissima, all karyotypes were presented in this study first.

A new species of Hedysarum (Fabaceae, Hedysareae) from Xizang (Tibet), China

A new species of Hedysarum (Fabaceae, Hedysareae) was found in Tibet, China. This new species, Hedysarum hirtifoliolum, belongs to sect. Hedysarum and is readily distinguishable in having greenish yellow flowers, pubescent above surface of leaflets and transversely obovate loments. So far, it is collected from only one locality in Tibet.

Coexistence of predominantly nonculturable rhizobia with diverse, endophytic bacterial taxa within nodules of wild legumes

A previous analysis showed that Gammaproteobacteria could be the sole recoverable bacteria from surface-sterilized nodules of three wild species of Hedysarum. In this study we extended the analysis to eight Mediterranean native, uninoculated legumes never previously investigated regarding their root-nodule microsymbionts. The structural organization of the nodules was studied by light and electron microscopy, and their bacterial occupants were assessed by combined cultural and molecular approaches. On examination of 100 field-collected nodules, culturable isolates of rhizobia were hardly ever found, whereas over 24 other bacterial taxa were isolated from nodules. None of these nonrhizobial isolates could nodulate the original host when reinoculated in gnotobiotic culture. Despite the inability to culture rhizobial endosymbionts from within the nodules using standard culture media, a direct 16S rRNA gene PCR analysis revealed that most of these nodules contained rhizobia as the predominant population. The presence of nodular endophytes colocalized with rhizobia was verified by immunofluorescence microscopy of nodule sections using an Enterobacter-specific antibody. Hypotheses to explain the nonculturability of rhizobia are presented, and pertinent literature on legume endophytes is discussed.

The case for conserving Acacia with a new type

TAXONVolume 54, Issue 2 p. 509-512 Nomenclatures The case for conserving Acacia with a new type Anthony E. Orchard, Anthony E. Orchard tony.orchard@deh.gov.au Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600 Canberra, A. C. T. 2601 AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorBruce R. Maslin, Bruce R. Maslin brucem@calm.wa.gov.au Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia, 6983 AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author Anthony E. Orchard, Anthony E. Orchard tony.orchard@deh.gov.au Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600 Canberra, A. C. T. 2601 AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorBruce R. Maslin, Bruce R. Maslin brucem@calm.wa.gov.au Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia, 6983 AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 May 2005 https://doi.org/10.2307/25065384Citations: 24AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume54, Issue2May 2005Pages 509-512 RelatedInformation

Gamma Proteobacteria Can Nodulate Legumes of the Genus Hedysarum

The bacteria hosted in the root nodules of the three Mediterranean wild legume species Hedysarum carnosum, Hedysarum spinosissimum subsp. capitatum, and Hedysarum pallidum, growing in native stands in different habitats in Algeria were isolated. Bacteria were recovered on yeast-mannitol-agar or on minimal media from a total of 52 nodules. Isolates were analyzed by Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA) using the enzyme CfoI, and further sorted by RAPD fingerprinting. A total of ten different types were found and their amplified 16S rDNA was sequenced and compared to databases. The BLAST alignment indicates that all the species whose sequences share 98 to 100% identity to the bacteria found in these nodules belong to the class Gammaproteobacteria and include Pantoea agglomerans, Enterobacter kobei, Enterobacter cloacae, Leclercia adecarboxylata, Escherichia vulneris, and Pseudomonas sp. No evidence of any rhizobial-like sequence was found even upon amplifying from the bulk of microbial cells obtained from the squashed nodules, suggesting that the exclusive occupants of the nodules formed by the three plants tested are members of the orders Enterobacteriales or Pseudomonadales. This is the first report of Gammaproteobacteria associated with legume nodules. Despite the presence of the related crop plant Hedysarum coronarium, specifically nodulated by Rhizobium sullae, these three Hedysarum species demonstrate to have undergone a separate path in terms of endophytic interactions with bacteria. An hypothesis to account for differences between the symbiotic relationships engaged by man-managed legumes, and those found in plants whose ecology is independent from human action, is discussed.

Species identification of Radix Astragali (Huangqi) by DNA sequence of its 5S-rRNA spacer domain

About 300 species and varieties of Astragalus are identified in China, making the identification of the origin of a particular Astragalus species on the consumer market difficult. A molecular genetic approach was developed to identify various species of Astragalus. Although the 5S-rRNA coding sequence is conserved in higher eukaryotes, the spacer domain of the 5S-rRNA gene has great diversity among different species. The 5S-rRNA spacer domain was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the isolated genomic DNA, and the PCR products (∼300 bp) covering the 5S-rRNA spacer domain were sequenced. The nucleotide sequences of Astragalus membranaceus, A. membranaceus var. mongholicus, A. lehmannianus, A. hoantchy, and of one closely related species Hedysarum polybotrys (Hongqi), were determined. Diversity in DNA sequence and restriction enzyme mapping among various species was found in their 5S-rRNA spacer domains. This is the first report on the detection of 5S-rRNA spacer region sequence of Astragalus, and the results could be used for genetic identification of Huangqi.

Symbiotic incompatibility between two forage species of Hedysarum, grown in Morocco, and their homologous rhizobia

Symbiotic experiments in the glasshouse demonstrated that two species of sulla, Hedysarum coronarium and Hedysarum flexuosum, grown in Morocco were mutually incompatible in their requirements for effectively nitrogen-fixing strains of rhizobia: nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium strains isolated from H. coronarium nodulated H. flexuosum but did not fix nitrogen, conversely strains from H. flexuosum were ineffective for H. coronarium. The agronic implications are discussed.

Nodulation and frequencies of wild leguminous species in the northern Negev region of Israel

(1) The nodulation by Rhizobiurn of Old World leguminous range species occurring naturally under semi-desert conditions on soils of medium and lower fertility was assessed for reference to comparable areas in southern Australia and in connection with the development of ley farming practices in dry marginal wheat areas of the Middle East. (2) Nodules were present on all 33 legumes found on three soil associations in a transition zone between the Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian plant geographical territories. All species showed evidence of symbiotic nitrogen fixation; there was great variation between species in that some were uniformly well nodulated, but others were nodulated sparsely and at a low level of effectiveness. (3) In terms of amount and apparent effectiveness of nodulation per plant in spring, species of Lathyrus, Pisum, and Vicia were outstandingly good. A species each of Hymenocarpos and Lotus were well nodulated, and intermediate degrees of nodulation characterized species of Hedysarum, Hippocrepis, another Lotus, Medicago, Onobrychis, Scorpiurus, Trifolium, and Trigonella. Four species of Astragalus, one of Coronilla, and two of Ononis were poorly nodulated in the natural state on these lands. (4) Plants of Trigonella arabica Del. were present at greatest frequency over the three soil associations but species of Trifolium and Medicago were minor components. In terms of volume of active nodule tissue, however, Hymenocarpos circinnatus (L.) Savi was rated best over all soils; Onobrychis crista-galli(L.) Lam. was prominent in this respect in the most arid places.