Special Strategies Research Articles

Dengue with Sickle Cell Anaemia Associated with Acute Liver Failure: A Case Report

Aim: Dengue fever is a major health risk in endemic regions, and its complications can be severe in individuals with underlying haematological conditions like sickle cell anaemia (SCD). SCD increases the risk of Vaso-occlusive crises, haemolysis, and multi-organ dysfunction, which can be exacerbated by dengue’s endothelial damage. This case highlights the rare and complex interaction between SCD and dengue fever, particularly the severe hepatic complications due to co-existing illness, emphasizing the need for specialized treatment strategies. Case Presentation: A female patient from Chikkaballapur, Karnataka, India, with sickle cell anaemia (SCD), presented with dengue shock syndrome and severe hepatic complications. She experienced fever, shock, and liver dysfunction, worsened by both dengue and SCD. Diagnostic challenges arose due to overlapping symptoms. Management included careful hydration, pain control, and transfusion therapy, with close monitoring. Conclusions: This case demonstrates the complexities of managing patients with both SCD and dengue fever. The interaction between dengue-induced endothelial damage and SCD can lead to severe complications, including organ failure and death. Timely intervention, close monitoring, and a multidisciplinary approach are essential for improving outcomes. This case underscores the need for specific treatment guidelines for managing dengue in SCD patients to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Advanced Ir-Based Alloy Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers.

Proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) coupled with renewable energy to produce hydrogen is an important part of clean energy acquisition in the future. However, the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) hinder the large-scale application of PEM water electrolysis technology. To deal with the problems existing in the PEM electrolyzer and improve the electrolysis efficiency, substantial efforts are invested in the development of cost-effective and stable electrocatalysts. Within this scenario, the different OER reaction mechanisms are first discussed here. Based on the in-depth understanding of the reaction mechanism, the research progress of low-iridium noble metal alloys is reviewed from the aspects of special effects, design strategies, reaction mechanisms, and synthesis methods. Finally, the challenges and prospects of the future development of high-efficiency and low-precious metal OER electrocatalysts are presented.

Strategi Komunikasi Kelompok Sadar Wisata (Pokdarwis) Dalam Meningkatkan Kunjungan Wisatawan Pada Destinasi Wisata Geopark Silokek

Geopark Silokek is one of the potential assets to be developed in Sijunjung Regency which has natural beauty and uniqueness that will spoil the eyes of tourists. Silokek geopark has been designated as a national geopark in November 2018 and is in submission to UGG (unesco global geopark). silokek geopark tourist destinations are also included in the 50 best tourist villages inaugurated by menparekraf sandiaga uno, geopak silokek was also used as a rafting host in 2019 which was attended by 250 athletes from various countries, but silokek geopark tourist destinations are still not known by the wider community this is in accordance with data on the number of visitors in recent years. This research method is descriptive qualitative using the AIDDA theory by Wilbur Schramm to analyze the communication strategies used by tourism awareness groups in increasing tourist visits to silokek geopark tourist destinations. The results of this study are the communication strategy carried out by the Pokdarwis is to promote through social media TikTok and Instagram by creating content that shows the beauty and uniqueness of the Silokek Geopark, and Pokdarwis also holds various events that will attract tourist visits so that there is an increase in the number of tourists. The youth tourism and sports office of Sijunjung district has a special strategy to promote the Silokek geopark, namely by requiring all schools and government agency offices in Sijunjung district to wear the Silokek geopark logo to be better known by the wider community.

Assessing trends in ectoparasiticidal drugs used to control ticks and flies in farm animals: A four-year analysis reveal differences between epidemiological zones at country level in Uruguay.

The use of ectoparasiticides is a major concern in the control of parasites. In this study, we examined the trends and patterns of veterinary medicines use comparing between a high-risk epidemiological zone (HRZ) and a low-risk epidemiological zone (LRZ) for ectoparasites over a four-year period (2017-2020) at country level data. The objective of this study was to analyze the patterns of ectoparasiticide use in Uruguayan cattle, using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System for Veterinary Drugs (ATCvet) and dose indicators to consider regional variations in the animal population and production intensity. A total of 222 registered products classified as acaricides and/or insecticides based on 21 different active ingredients were grouped into 8 ATCvet level 4 categories. The annual consumption of active ingredients in ectoparasiticides averaged 40.6 tons. The total volume in the HRZ was 693 % higher than in the LRZ. The most sold ATCvet groups were Amidines (55.9 %), Pyrethrins/Pyrethroids (20.7 %), and Organophosphate Compounds (7 %). We calculated four different indicators with the resulting median values for entire country: 89.3 Technical Units per 1000 kg (IQR range of 10.5), 0.15 mg/kg of dosing biomass, 45.7 mg/ha of dose grazing area, and 3.09e+ 10 mg/LU/ha, respectively. Amidines were the most used group in the HRZ across all indicators, while Carbamates and Pyrethrins/Pyrethroids dominated in the LRZ. Cypermethrin, Amitraz, and Ethion were predominant in the HRZ, while Cypermethrin, Carbaryl, and Diazinon were common in the LRZ. The analysis of the four mixed Generalized Linear Models revealed significant differences in the use of veterinary medicines between zones with varying levels of epidemiological risk for parasitic diseases, with certain categories showing consistent patterns between indicators and zones. These results highlight the complexity of a veterinary medicine usage and the need for specialized strategies in veterinary medicine to address regional differences in the use of parasitic agents.

How do extreme fluctuations in water level affect fish condition in Amazonian Floodplain Lakes?

The annual flood pulse is a defining feature of Amazonian floodplain lakes, creating a highly variable environment that influences resource availability, such as food and habitat. These cyclical changes necessitate a high degree of adaptability among fish species, many of which have evolved specialized strategies to cope with the fluctuating conditions. In 2023, the Amazon basin experienced a record-breaking drought event, leading to mass mortality of Amazonian fish and other wildlife. This study examines the effect of this extreme event on fish condition in white-water (Rio Solimões basin) and black-water (Rio Negro basin) floodplain lakes. These contrasting environments provide a unique opportunity to study how different water qualities and extreme water-level fluctuations impact fish condition. Research was conducted during the normal low-water period in November 2019 and the drastically decreased water levels in November 2023. The main objective was to understand how extreme water-level fluctuations affect fish health and nutritional status. A total of 585 fishes were analyzed, with 294 from white-water and 291 from black-water, representing different feeding types to provide a comprehensive picture of changes in fish condition. Water-level changes had a statistically significant impact on fish condition in both areas. Comparing low-water and extreme low-water levels, fish condition was consistently higher during the normal low-water period. The linear mixed-effects model revealed that the intensity of the low-water season had a significant effect on fish length-adjusted mass, suggesting that the decrease in water level is associated with an overall decrease in fish length-adjusted mass. When comparing the mean water-level effect (Glass's Δ) between low-water and extreme low-water levels, we found a bigger effect in the black-water system than in the white-water system. This difference may be attributed to the lower nutrient content and higher levels of humic acids and refractory dissolved organic matter in black-water, which can further limit primary productivity and food availability for fishes.

Orthogonal limited-angle CT reconstruction method based on anisotropic self-guided image filtering

Computed tomography (CT) reconstruction from incomplete projection data is significant for reducing radiation dose or scanning time. In this work, we investigate a special sampling strategy, which performs two limited-angle scans. We call it orthogonal limited-angle sampling. The X-ray source trajectory covers two limited-angle ranges, and the angle bisectors of the two angular ranges are orthogonal. This sampling method avoids rapid switching of tube voltage in few-view sampling, and reduces data correlation of projections in limited-angle sampling. It has the potential to become a practical imaging strategy. Then we propose a new reconstruction model based on anisotropic self-guided image filtering (ASGIF) and present an algorithm to solve this model. We construct adaptive weights to guide image reconstruction using the gradient information of reconstructed image itself. Additionally, since the shading artifacts are related to the scanning angular ranges and distributed in two orthogonal directions, anisotropic image filtering is used to preserve image edges. Experiments on a digital phantom and real CT data demonstrate that ASGIF method can effectively suppress shading artifacts and preserve image edges, outperforming other competing methods.

Olfactory-Inspired Separation-Sensing Nanochannel-Based Electronics for Wireless Sweat Monitoring.

Human sweat has the potential to be sufficiently utilized for noninvasive monitoring. Given the complexity of sweat secretion, the sensitivity and selectivity of sweat monitoring should be further improved. Here, we developed an olfactory-inspired separation-sensing nanochannel-based electronic for sensitive and selective sweat monitoring, which was simultaneously endowed with interferent separation and target detection performances. The special separation-sensing strategy imparts functional composite membranes with a high sensitivity of 113 mV dec-1 for potassium detection. The excellent mechanical properties and conformability of the Kevlar aramid nanofiber layer bring well-wearing performances to realize continuous wireless sweat monitoring. The recognition between functional molecules and target ions is proved at the molecular level in detail in the article. The replacement of functional molecules proves the universality of the strategy for performance enhancement in intricate biofluid analysis systems.

Analisis Penerapan Strategi Segmenting, Targeting, dan Positioning dalam Memasarkan Kredit Pemilikan Rumah

Based on the results of observations, the background to this research is the fluctuation in the number of KPR credit customers caused by strategic planning and strategy implementation carried out by Bank BJB Jatinangor Branch Office. This research aims to find out how to implement the Segmenting strategy, Targeting and Positioning in marketing home ownership loans at Bank BJB Jatinangor Branch Office. The object of this research is the marketing strategy in marketing home ownership loans at Bank BJB Jatinangor Branch Office. The type of research used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The type of data is primary data with data collection techniques of observation, interviews, literature study and documentation. The research results show that (1) there are four indicators that constitute a segmenting strategy, namely demographics, behavior, psychographics and geography. (2) there are two indicators that become targeting strategies, namely selective specialization and product specialization strategies. (3) there are four indicators that become a positioning strategy, namely attributes, price, product users, and benefits. The data analysis technique used in this research is the interaction analysis technique model, namely a process carried out through four stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The object of this research is an analysis of the application of segmenting targeting and positioning strategies in marketing home ownership credit (KPR) at Bank BJB Jatinangor branch office.

A Comprehensive Review of Cross-Validation Techniques in Machine Learning

In order to make sure that machine learning models are reliable and broadly applicable, cross-validation approaches are essential. They offer a methodical approach for adjusting hyperparameters, assessing model performance, and resolving issues with overfitting, unbalanced data, and temporal dependencies. This review article provides a thorough analysis of the many cross-validation strategies used in machine learning, from conventional techniques like k-fold cross-validation to more specialized strategies for particular kinds of data and learning objectives. In addition to current developments and best practices in cross-validation methodology, we go over the fundamentals, uses, benefits, and drawbacks of each technique. We also highlight important factors to take into account and recommendations for choosing suitable cross-validation procedures based on the properties of the dataset and the modelling goals. The objective of this study is to give academics and practitioners a thorough grasp of cross-validation approaches and their significance in developing robust and dependable machine learning models by synthesizing the available literature.

Neural refractive index field: Unlocking the potential of background-oriented schlieren tomography in volumetric flow visualization

Background-oriented schlieren tomography is a prevalent method for visualizing intricate turbulent flows, appreciated for its ease of implementation and ability to capture three-dimensional distributions of a multitude of flow parameters. However, the voxel-based meshing scheme leads to significant challenges, such as inadequate spatial resolution, substantial discretization errors, poor noise immunity, and excessive computational costs. This study presents an innovative reconstruction approach termed neural refractive index field (NeRIF), which implicitly represents the flow field using a neural network trained with specialized strategies. Numerical simulations and experimental results on turbulent Bunsen flames demonstrate that this approach can substantially improve the reconstruction accuracy and spatial resolution while concurrently reducing computational expenses. Although showcased in the context of background-oriented schlieren tomography here, the key idea embedded in the NeRIF can be readily adapted to various other tomographic modalities including tomographic absorption spectroscopy and tomographic particle imaging velocimetry, broadening its potential impact across different domains of flow visualization and analysis.

Single-Cell Hi-C Analysis Workflow with Pairtools.

Single-cell Hi-C (scHi-C) is a collection of protocols for studying genomic interactions within individual cells. Although data analysis for scHi-C resembles data analysis for bulk Hi-C, the unique challenges of scHi-C, such as high noise and protocol-specific biases, require specialized data processing strategies. In this tutorial chapter, we focus on using pairtools, a suite of tools optimized for scHi-C data, demonstrating its application on a Drosophila snHi-C dataset. While centered on pairtools for snHi-C data, the principles outlined are applicable across scHi-C variants with minor adjustments. This educational chapter aims to guide researchers in using open-source tools for scHi-C analysis, emphasizing critical steps of contact pair extraction, detection of ligation junctions, filtration, and deduplication.

Rational design and construction of a mesoporous silica-supported ratiometric fluorescent probe for the sensitive detection of nicosulfuron.

The excessive use of pesticides is an urgent issue facing environmental sustainability and human health. In this study, a uniform dispersion size, good fluorescence performance and mesoporous structure of a ratiometric fluorescent probe were constructed for nicosulfuron detection. A solvent-free in situ solid-phase synthesis method was used to encapsulate biomass carbon dots within mesoporous silica (CDs@mSiO₂), followed by the modification of l-cysteine-modified manganese-doped zinc sulfide quantum dots (ZnS:Mn QDs), to construct a ratiometric fluorescent probe for highly sensitive and selective detection of nicosulfuron. This design effectively prevents the aggregation of CDs and reduces interference between the two fluorescent signals. Nicosulfuron detection had a low detection limit of 0.082μM. Density functional theory calculations were carried out to uncover the specific interactions between nicosulfuron and ZnS:Mn QDs. The process of fluorescence quenching is ascribed to photoinduced electron transfer. This work offers a special strategy to produce a ratiometric fluorescent probe and illustrate the mechanism, which is crucial for sensing and environmental engineering.

Strategies for the Regional Development of Jeollanam-do through Marine Specialization: Developing Human Capital and International Student Policies

This proposes strategies for the regional development of Jeollanam-do through marine specialization. Jeollanam-do boasts an abundance of islands and marine resources, with agriculture and fisheries being the primary industries. However, rapid population decline and urbanization threaten the sustainability of its development. By analyzing the 5th National Comprehensive Territorial Plan and Jeollanam-do's 4th Comprehensive Plan, this research derives sustainable development strategies to leverage the region's unique resources. Emphasizing the pivotal role of local universities such as Mokpo National University, it discusses how revitalization of island- and marine-centered industries and tourism can be achieved through regional talent cultivation and development. It further highlights the necessity of fostering talent, enhancing research and development capabilities, attracting domestic and international students, expanding cooperation between local universities and industries, and utilizing historical and cultural resources. In conclusion, it is anticipated that marine specialization strategies reflecting Jeollanam-do's unique characteristics will contribute to balanced regional development and sustainability.

TRANSLATOR’S LABORATORY OR TRANSLATION HISTORY OF M. ZHUMABAYEV’S POETRY INTO ENGLISH

The article considers and presents to the domestic scientific community and the general readerthe translation experience of Professor Timur Kocaoglu, who first translated the poetry of the Kazakh poetMagzhan Zhumabayev into English. Among the works of national literature, gradually translated from Russianinto world languages so far, this is one of the few works translated directly from the Kazakh language, whichhas not yet received wide recognition. We can say that this is a breakthrough and important step in the directionof Magzhan studies, Kazakh translation studies and literature. That is why the aim of the study is to perform thepoetic translation experience of a polyglot translator who spent more than a half century to render Magzhan’spoetry in English. For this purpose, an interview was conducted based on open questions with T. Kocaogluwhich solve the following tasks: to determine the background of the translation of Magzhan’s poetry by thetranslator; to form a holistic picture of the translation process itself; to draw conclusions that will lead todeeper understanding of the nature of a poetic translation. Any translator faces linguistic, aesthetic and socioculturalproblems in literary translation. In particular, poetic translation requires a perfect language training,abilities and talent from the translator. Knowledge and study of the difficulties of a translation, special trainingand translation strategies, principles and solutions in the process of translating Magzhan’s poetry, the masterof words, into English is an invaluable resource for the emerging national society of translators. The firsttranslations published in 1993 were discussed.

The Effects of the Combined Co-Expression of GroEL/ES and Trigger Factor Chaperones on Orthopoxvirus Phospholipase F13 Production in E. coli.

Heterologous protein expression often faces significant challenges, particularly when the target protein has posttranslational modifications, is toxic, or is prone to misfolding. These issues can result in low expression levels, aggregation, or even cell death. Such problems are exemplified by the expression of phospholipase p37, a critical target for chemotherapeutic drugs against pathogenic human orthopoxviruses, including monkeypox and smallpox viruses. The complex structure and broad enzymatic activity of phospholipase p37 render it toxic to host cells, necessitating specialized strategies for heterologous expression. In our study, we addressed these challenges using the vaccinia virus F13 protein as a model. We demonstrated that p37 can be effectively synthesized in E. coli as a GST fusion protein by co-expressing it with the GroEL/ES chaperone system and Trigger Factor chaperone.

Towards Better Knowledge Valorisation: The Perspective of Representatives of the European Commission

Objective: The aim of the article is to provide a perspective on the perception of knowledge valorisation by representatives of the European Commission and to answer the following questions: Does knowledge valorisation require the development of a special strategy? What contributes to valorisation success? What hinders knowledge valorisation? How can progress in knowledge valorisation be assessed? Research Design & Methods: Qualitative research was conducted in the form of a group interview with representatives of the European Commission. Findings: According to the European Commission representatives, steps in the field of knowledge valorisation are becoming a priority, but still remain a challenge. To ensure the success of valorisation, the involvement of all participants in the research and innovation ecosystem is essential, with universities playing a key role in this process. By creating knowledge that benefits citizens, scientists influence changes in their behaviours, which can contribute to economic, social, and environmental benefits. Unfortunately, this process is burdened by many barriers, and the lack of specific guidelines for measuring and evaluating social impact is a significant hindrance. Implications / Recommendations: Though it does not provide specific metrics of social impact, the Europen Commission does support Member States by sharing the most up-to-date knowledge through its knowledge valorisation platform. Contribution: The article presents the perspective of representatives of the European Commission on knowledge valorisation.

A Prediction Model for Maritime Accidents and Associated Risks in Arctic Routes Using Deep Learning

Climate change led to a global effort to seek for new trade routes in the Arctic, significantly altering the maritime sector and increasing maritime activities. Attempt to search and navigate on new routes brought likelihood to a rise in ship accidents, therefore presenting substantial associated risks. Study employed deep learning techniques to predict accidents and outcomes, focusing on the likelihood of occurrences. Accident dataset covering 2005-2017, including variables such as vessel length, age, tonnage, and weather conditions. Dataset was divided into 70% training and 30% testing, using a k-fold cross-validation approach on 511 input-output combinations with 1000 trials each. Results demonstrate that ship tonnage, length, and age are crucial predictors. Highest F1 score (0.89) and lowest standard deviation were achieved using all features. Removing features like minimum daily temperature significantly reduced model performance, reliability improved when combined with weather forecasts. Model can aid planning and management of Arctic maritime operations by predicting associated risks and optimizing insurance premiums. Future research should incorporate additional data sources, test the model under diverse maritime conditions, and focus on specific ship types to develop specialized mitigation strategies. Implementing Polar Code regulations into model predictions can expand the model's applicability and offer insights for policymakers.

OVERVIEW OF THE FACTORS OF ENSURING THE QUALITY OF PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE MARTIAL STATE

The review article is devoted to the analysis of the quality of preschool education, a categorical-conceptual approach to understanding the essence of the concepts of «quality of education», «quality of Preschool Education» and «safe educational environment». It is outlined that geopolitical challenges determine the urgent need to create a safe educational environment. In order to understand the problems and prospects of organizing the educational process by pedagogical workers for the youngest citizens of the state, it is necessary to consolidate the efforts of specialists in the field of Preschool Education in order to solve strategic tasks for further development in this area. It is summarized that turbulent realities, in particular the challenges associated with the Russian-Ukrainian war, regulate new requirements for the organization of the educational process in preschool education. The psycho-emotional state of children, the requests of customers of educational services (parents and persons replacing them), families who have suffered as a result of armed aggression, as well as the need to modify educational programs to the conditions of martial law require special knowledge, adaptation strategies and psychological and pedagogical support from teachers. The authors note that ensuring the quality of Preschool Education in wartime has a legislative basis, namely: ensuring the right to education, which is decisive for the individual and society as a whole. Ensuring the quality of Preschool Education is considered not only as an administrative task, but also as a socio-cultural responsibility, which should be based on a comprehensive approach taking into account the challenges of today, the need for multidisciplinary support and strategic planning in conditions of instability. We have verified that within the sample of institutional institutions (preschool educational institutions), approaches to the quality of the educational process vary, and with martial law, «quality» remains a rhetorical remark.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 in Pediatric Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background: The impact of COVID-19 on pediatric cancer patients remains a critical area of investigation. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in children with and without malignancies. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from July 2020 to December 2022. The study included 210 children with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection: 105 with malignancies (case group) and 105 without malignancies (control group). Clinical presentations, laboratory parameters, imaging findings, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: Children with malignancies exhibited lower rates of fever (P = 0.044), respiratory distress (P = 0.035), and nausea/vomiting (P = 0.002). Significant differences in laboratory findings were observed between the case and control groups, including WBC count (P = 0.007), hemoglobin levels (P < 0.001), platelet count (P = 0.002), and ESR (P = 0.001). Ground-glass opacity on chest imaging was significantly associated with malignancy (P = 0.003). Although not statistically significant, the malignancy group showed a trend toward higher mortality (OR = 2.686, P = 0.105). Thrombotic events were rare in both groups. Conclusions: Pediatric cancer patients with COVID-19 exhibited more severe symptoms and distinct laboratory and imaging findings compared to non-cancer patients. While mortality rates were similar, the trend toward higher risk in the malignancy group highlights the need for specialized management strategies for this vulnerable population.

Analisis Kesuksesan Pemasaran Global pada KFC : Kajian Literasi

Global marketing has become one of the keys to success for international companies, including KFC. This article discusses KFC's success in marketing its products globally, starting from the strategies implemented to the challenges faced. This analysis includes a discussion of global marketing concepts, a brief profile of KFC, and special strategies that have made this brand known throughout the world. The research was conducted using a literature review method to understand how KFC has succeeded in adapting to different markets. It is hoped that this article will provide insight into the importance of global marketing for the success of international business.