Specific Institutions Research Articles

Evaluation of University’s Place in the Adult Education Ecosystem

The authors of the present paper conducted a comprehensive analysis of university place in the ecosystem of adult education, based on its characteristic functions, priorities of activity and emerging tensions. The participation of universities in the professional training of adults is analyzed. The research focus is projected on the assessment of the situation at the institutional (a university as a social institution) and organizational level (a university as a specific institution of higher education). A discussion of the prospects for transforming the place of higher institution in the ecosystem of adult education is presented. The study was conducted using a semiformalized interview method (n=36) with representatives of the commercial and public sector occupying key positions (heads and top management of universities, corporate universities, educational consulting organizations, providers of non-formal education services, etc.). Main results. Several points of university positioning in the structure of adult education ecosystem are identified: 1) the university is the core of the educational ecosystem and holds this status; 2) the university occupies the central place of the educational ecosystem, but can lose this status by certain actions or inaction; 3) the university is not the core of the educational ecosystem and should not be; 4) the university is not the core of the educational ecosystem, but could become it. According to most experts, universities occupy a central place in the ecosystem of adult education and have a high potential to retain leadership positions, provided that the educational material is relevant and meets the demands of the labor market. At the same time, it is important to consider that some participants of the educational ecosystem (online platforms, corporate universities and others) are rapidly increasing their influence and implementing large-scale educational programs for the population. Universities, having a high level of public trust and being mainly responsible for fundamental professional education, are interested in accumulating the advantages of other participants of the educational ecosystem. It is optimal to present the university as a central hub of educational practices for the population, accumulating the advantages of other actors of the adult education ecosystem. The article is addressed to administrative and managerial staff of universities, representatives of executive authorities and the real sector of the economy, scientific and pedagogical staff and graduate students seeking to study lifelong learning of adults.

The origins and work of the Scottish Law Commission, and the problem of the codification of Scottish private law

The subject covered in the paper is the origins, structure and workings of the Scottish Law Commission created, along with its English counterpart, under the Law Commissions Act of 1965. The author of the article outlines the course of conceptual and legislative work to constitute the new commission, the extent of its relationship with and dependence on public authorities, as well as the key differences between the legal position of the two commissions, symbolically highlighted by the English commission’s gaining a stronger mandate under the 2009 Law Commission Act. The final part of the paper is devoted to an attempt to assess the achievements of the Commission to date, the reasons for the failure of the premise of the grand codification endeavour, and the successes that the Commission claim in terms of reforming specific institutions and branches of law.

Психологическая сепарация от родителей в юношеском возрасте в контексте ценностных и смысловых ориентаций

<p style="text-align: justify;">Relevance. The problem of psychological separation in adolescence comes up against many contradictions, such as high demands of society to the young generation and difficulties on the way to comply with them (prolongation of the adolescent period, dependence on parents, personal immaturity, infantilism, instability of axiological orientations, etc.). Aim. The goal is to study the relationship between the level of separation anxiety, components of psychological separation from parents and axiological and life–purpose orientations in adolescence. Materials and methods. Adult Separation Anxiety Questionnaire ASA–27, adapted by A.A. Dityuk Hoffman’s questionnaire of psychological separation, D.A. Leontyev’s test of life–purpose orientations, E.B. Fantalova’s «Level of Value and Availability Ratio in Different Life Spheres». Sampling: 98 students of higher and secondary specialized educational institutions at the age of 17–21 years (52% boys and 48% girls). Results and conclusions. Components of psychological separation from parents in adolescence is uneven; psychological separation from parents has been partially completed. Separation from the mother is more pronounced than from the father. Separation anxiety is expressed to a moderate degree. The conflicting style of separation prevails. Attitudinal separation from parents has been achieved to a greater extent affective and behavioral separations are insufficiently formed; in boys and girls, pronounced separation anxiety is associated with unformed life–purpose orientations and motivational and personal integration in the «value–availability» plane in the areas of «happy family life», «materially secure life», «freedom»; incomplete separation from the mother and the presence of meaning in life for her children are interconnected; incomplete separation from the father is associated with the present life–meaning crisis in his children.</p>

Multicultural values: meeting point of two forces in developing Islamic education

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the integration of entrepreneurial spirit and multicultural values in Islamic education, particularly within the context of pesantren, and to understand its implications for educational practices and outcomes. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a qualitative research approach, using literature review and analysis of empirical data to explore the intersection of entrepreneurial spirit and multicultural values in Islamic education. It incorporates findings from multiple sources, including scholarly articles, books and empirical studies, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the topic. Findings The findings reveal that the integration of entrepreneurial spirit and multicultural values in Islamic education empowers students economically, fosters innovation in teaching methods and promotes character development and business ethics. Moreover, it emphasizes appreciation for diversity, cross-cultural collaboration and social responsibility within the educational context. This integration creates an inclusive learning environment conducive to the development of entrepreneurial skills, innovation and ethical leadership. Research limitations/implications Generalizability: the findings of this study may be limited in their generalizability due to the focus on specific multicultural Islamic educational institutions, potentially limiting the applicability of the results to broader educational contexts. Sample size and diversity: the study’s sample size and diversity may impact the representativeness of the findings. Future research could aim for larger and more diverse samples to enhance the robustness of the results. Methodological constraints: the reliance on certain research methods, such as surveys and interviews, may introduce biases or limitations in data collection. Researchers should consider using a variety of methodologies to triangulate findings and ensure comprehensive understanding. Time constraints: the study’s timeframe may have constrained the depth of analysis and limited the exploration of the long-term effects of entrepreneurship education on student development. Future research could adopt longitudinal approaches to address this limitation. Cultural context: the findings are contextualized within the cultural and educational landscape of multicultural Islamic institutions, which may limit their transferability to other cultural or religious contexts. Researchers should consider examining similar phenomena in diverse cultural settings. Resource constraints: resource limitations may have impacted the scope and depth of the research. Future studies could seek additional resources to conduct more extensive investigations and analyses. Bias and subjectivity: despite efforts to minimize bias, researchers’ subjectivity and potential biases in data interpretation and analysis cannot be entirely eliminated. Researchers should acknowledge and address their own biases transparently. Ethical considerations: the study may have encountered ethical challenges related to participant consent, confidentiality and cultural sensitivity. Future research should prioritize ethical guidelines and considerations to ensure the protection and well-being of participants. Addressing these limitations in future research endeavors can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the role and impact of entrepreneurship education in multicultural Islamic educational settings. Practical implications Practically, the study informs educational institutions, especially pesantren, about the benefits of integrating entrepreneurial spirit and multicultural values into their curriculum and pedagogical approaches. It offers insights into effective strategies for fostering entrepreneurship, innovation and intercultural competence among students. Social implications The integration of entrepreneurial spirit and multicultural values in Islamic education has broader societal implications. It cultivates a generation of socially responsible and inclusive leaders capable of addressing global challenges with creativity and empathy. By promoting cultural understanding and collaboration, it contributes to building more harmonious and resilient communities. Originality/value This study is original in its comprehensive exploration of the intersection between entrepreneurial spirit and multicultural values in Islamic education, particularly within the context of pesantren. It offers fresh insights into how these dimensions can be integrated synergistically to enhance educational practices and outcomes.

FORMATION OF SOCIAL COMPETENCE OF CHILDREN WITH COMPLEX DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS: IMPLEMENTATION OF THE "INTEGRATED SOCIAL AND ARTISTIC COURSE «MY WORLD» WITHIN THE NATIONAL EDWEY PLATFORM

The article is devoted to the formation of social competence of children with complex developmental disorders (ASD, ADHD, cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, Down syndrome, childhood schizophrenia) and raising the level of professional, inclusive competence of specialists, social educators of rehabilitation centres and other special institutions working with this category of wards. The article highlights a number of legislative documents on professional development of pedagogical staff, identifies free Ukrainian learning platforms for representatives of the educational community (EdWey, EdEra, Prometheus, WiseCow, Ukrainian Google Team, EduHub, Coursera, PostNauka). Based on the analysis of educational content from these educational platforms, the main directions and topics of the curricula of in-service training courses covering aspects of inclusive practice, features of inclusive education, practice-oriented approaches to working with children with developmental disabilities, including in wartime, are presented. The article highlights training courses for parents and representatives of children with developmental disabilities that contribute to the development of inclusive competence, open up opportunities for expanding the correctional knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for correct and effective work with children with developmental disabilities. The deficit of advanced training courses for social workers and specialists working with children with complex developmental disorders is outlined. The content of the author's "Integrated social and artistic course "My world" for children with complex developmental disorders" as an opportunity for advanced training of pedagogical and social workers within the National Edwey Platform is revealed, the results of students' training / check for the period of study are highlighted.

Use of forensic examination opportunities during the investigation of corruption criminal offenses committed by judges

The article emphasizes the significant pre-trial importance of forensic examinations in investigating corrupt criminal offenses as one of the forms of utilizing specialized knowledge. The authors disclose the definition of forensic examination. Based on the works of criminologists, survey results from practitioners, and the study of verdicts from the Higher Anti-Corruption Court, it was established that forensic examinations are assigned to state specialized expert institutions but to various subjects of forensic activity. A list of forensic examinations types, primarily appointed in the investigation of criminal offenses committed by judges, is also identified. The most common types of forensic examinations in the investigation of corruption criminal offenses committed by judges are considered. The authors emphasize the importance of forensic criminalistic examination of audio and video materials, forensic document examination, forensic portrait examination, forensic handwriting examination, forensic computer-technical examination, forensic dactyloscopic examination, psychological examination, and forensic linguistic (semantic-textual) examination. It is outlined that conducting examinations in corruption-related proceedings is an effective means of determining the crime mechanism, identifying comparative sample and traces of the suspect, and the subject of the unlawful benefit. The main tasks set for the expert to solve during the investigation of corruption criminal offenses committed by judges are systematized. In the modern context, attention is focused on solving identification and diagnostic tasks. All these achievements are substantiated by statistical data results and interviews with practitioners, as well as through the analysis of criminal proceedings in the specified category of offenses.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВЗАИМООТНОШЕНИЙ МАРГИНАЛЬНЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ И ОБЩЕСТВА НА ПРИМЕРЕ ФЕНОМЕНА ПРОСТИТУЦИИ В XIX ВЕКЕ (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ ЕНИСЕЙСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ)

The paper is devoted to the study of various models of relations between the phenomenon of prostitution and society in the 19th century using the example of the local experience of the Yenisei Province. The specific socio-economic institution of legalized commercial sex with its specificity and intra-system connections is a unique phenomenon of pre-revolutionary Russia. While remaining a viable element of public life, part of provincial everyday life, the “industry of debauchery” was not an unambiguous phenomenon. In this context, it is relevant to consider the mutual perception of society and the phenomenon of prostitution during the period of regulation to form ideas about the versatility of everyday life in the province. The article is an attempt to understand the models and judgments of public institutions in relation to prostitution, as well as the behavioral patterns of women involved in the sphere of intimate services from a phenomenological point of view. The source base for the study consisted of office documents from various departments, journalistic works of a medical nature, as well as periodicals. The result of the study is the identification of several models of mutual perception of prostitution by society, which indicate polar opinions regarding this phenomenon. Speaking about the attitude of women involved in sexual commerce to society and its norms, it is worth noting the problem of the lack of sources of personal origin. However, it can be concluded that prostitution developed certain patterns of behavior characteristic of participants in the system.

Exploring the causes of the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis

BackgroundBacterial drug resistance represents a significant global concern, with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis posing a particularly grave threat to contemporary healthcare systems. This study aims to reveal the reasons for the prevalence of VRE in China.MethodsThis study collected data from the China Antimicrobial Resistance Detection System, China Statistical Yearbook, and China Meteorological Network. The collected data are meticulously organized and subjected to both single-factor and multi-factor analyses. An accurate multiple linear regression model was developed by utilizing this comprehensive dataset.ResultsSingle-factor analysis revealed significant regional variations in the resistance rate of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (P = 0.003). Specifically, there were noteworthy disparities observed between regions experiencing temperate and monsoon climates (P = 0.029; P = 0.005). Furthermore, multi-factor regression analysis demonstrated a negative correlation between the drug resistance rate and both rainfall and rGDP, while a positive correlation was observed with nPI.ConclusionWe successfully established a prediction model for the VRE and found that the resistance rate was low in areas with high rainfall and high per capita economic income, but high in areas with many specialized public health institutions. This is critical for public health strategies and helps policymakers and healthcare practitioners tailor antibiotic resistance approaches to local geography, meteorology, economic conditions.

Risk Management Strategy on Financial Performance of Micro Finance Institutions in Uganda: A Case of Rushere Savings and Credit Cooperative Organization in Kiruhura District

Microfinance institutions (MFIs) play a crucial role in promoting international and local development goals, especially in the context of poverty reduction, economic empowerment, and financial inclusion. MFIs provide financial services, such as microloans and savings accounts, to low-income individuals and small businesses. These services are intended to help people lift themselves out of poverty by providing access to capital for income generating activities. Many of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, such as no poverty, zero hunger, and gender equality, can be furthered through the work of MFIs. However, it's essential to note that the impact of MFIs varies depending on the specific institution, its approach, and the regulatory environment in which it operates. While microfinance has the potential to be a powerful tool for development, it is not a panacea and must be implemented effectively to achieve the desired outcomes. Consequently, MFIs face various risks in their operations, which impact their financial stability and ability to achieve their social and economic development goals. To manage these risks effectively, MFIs need to implement robust risk management strategies. The specific objective of carrying out this study was to examine the extent to which risk management influences the financial performance of Rushere Savings and Credit Cooperative Organization in Kiruhura Uganda. The research questions focused on risk assessment, diversification of portfolio, credit risk management, member education, technology risk management, and insurance risk coverage. This study was based on a quantitative research approach. The study was underpinned by the modern portfolio theory. A descriptive research design was used to obtain the responses that were later statistically described in quantified formats. The study considered a target population of 160 people from which a sample size of 127 respondents was selected for this study. Both Stratified proportionate sampling and simple random sampling techniques were used to select individual respondents in their strata. Structured self-administered questionnaires were used for primary data collection. Data was analyzed by the use of inferential statistics with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 24.0. The study established a significant positive relationship between risk management and financial performance (β1=-124, p=0.000<0.05). The study concluded that there is a strong positive relationship between risk management and financial performance. The study recommended the implementation of risk management strategies to enhance the performance of SACCOs. Keywords: Risk Management, Performance, Strategy, SACCOs

READINESS OF TEACHERS OF GEOGRAFHY OF SPECIAL SCHOOLS IN SLOVAK REPUBLIC TO USE THE ELECTRONIC MANUAL WITH IT SUPPORT

The purpose of the article is to highlight the level of readiness of teachers of geography of special schools of the Slovak Republic (on the example of 14 of special and inclusive education institutions of the Košice Region) to the use of an electronic didactic manual on IT support. Teachers of the Department of Special Pedagogy of the Pedagogical Faculty of the Catholic University in Ruzomberok together with teachers of the geography of special schools prepared an electronic didactic manual on IT support taking into account modern requirements to the level of knowledge, abilities and psychophysical capabilities of school children with special education needs. The manual has helped to raise the level of geographical learning among school children of special school. The convincing results of the pedagogical experiment are described in the previous article «Using a didactic tool with IT-support for teaching geography in a special school in Slovakia». However, in the course of studying the question the researchers concluded that success in the work depends on the level of readiness of the teacher for this work. Namely, the presence of interest and motivation to the introduction of innovative forms of training for the subjects of the education process the attitude of the teacher to the organization of the education process, the level of professional training (possession of the means and technologies of training). To obtain objective and unbiased results Google Form has conducted a survey of teachers of geography. The first set of questions – the reference one – provided an opportblocky to explain the answers of the second set of questions – the informative one. The statistical processing of the survey results supports the assumption that the quality of the IT-supported e-manual is largely dependent on the teacher’s readiness. The results also show that the majority of teachers of geography surveyed are well aware of the benefits of this teaching tool and are now ready to put the manual into practice. However, due to the rapid progress in the use of information and communication technologies the teachers of special schools do not deny the need to improve their professional knowledge of the use of ICT in postgraduate teacher training.

Critical Analysis of Job Satisfaction among Special Education Consultants, Trainers and Teachers: Evidence from Province of Sindh

A study sought to evaluate the characteristics that influence work satisfaction among special education teachers, consultant and trainers. The survey included 323 full-time teachers and 207 professionals employed in special education institutions in Karachi, Sindh. Working in special schools, connections with colleagues, job stability, pupil-professional ratio, accomplishment, principal support, and working-class reputation were all factors that influenced job satisfaction. Special allowances, physical amenities, resource acquisition, pay, and prospects for advancement were all factors that contributed to work unhappiness. Competitive compensation, equal advancement chances, positive connections with coworkers, supportive supervisors, and participation in decision-making are all strategies for increasing workplace satisfaction. This investigation utilized a descriptive survey plan, a cost-effective method for collecting large amounts of data from a large population. The research data was analyzed using descriptive statistics like percentages, means, and frequency distribution tables to present the findings. The study reveals a correlation between workload, work environment, organizational support, and job satisfaction in professionals and teachers working with special needs students. Organizational support significantly predicts job satisfaction. However, research on Pakistan's impact is limited. Recommendations included improving working conditions, recognizing and promoting employees appropriately, and offering suitable teaching and learning materials from diverse stakeholders. Key words:, , , , ,

Институциональная среда и институционализация поведенческого регулирования: теоретические основы экономического развития

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the intensification of the use of appropriate Nudge technologies and their combination with classical technologies of behavioral economics have led in many countries of the world to the institutionalization of behavioral regulation in centralized or decentralized models. The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of the models of institutionalization of «behavioral» regulation at the macroeconomic level in the countries of the world. At the same time, the tasks set are solved: the theoretical essence of institutions and the institutional environment is generalized, as well as the features and problems of its formation are considered. Behavioral nudging is considered as a potentially promising approach to improving government regulation both in academic discussion and in practice. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research was the fundamental works of Russian and foreign authors. Along with traditional methods of scientific research, systemic and institutional-evolutionary approaches, dialectical methods of cognition and interdisciplinary methods of analysis are used. Results. Increasing the effectiveness of the practice of using the behavioral motives of economic entities in the process of developing state economic policy is due to the application and introduction of techniques of influence of the theory of nudging, which determines the choice of a more rational solution that meets the interests of the individual and society. The institutionalization of behavioral regulation in a centralized model is represented by specific government agencies or departments specializing in the development of solutions using the theory of behavioral economics. Institutions of the decentralized model are independent commercial organizations that are not part of the structure of government agencies. Conclusion. It was found out that the process of formation and functioning of institutions of behavioral regulation in different countries of the world has its own specifics, and the bodies themselves are constantly changing. However, all options for institutionalizing behavioral regulation at the macro level leave the risk of using «dark nudging», which requires the creation of special institutions to mitigate or eliminate its negative consequences. The most important principle in the development of behavioral tools is compliance with universal and personal interests at the same time

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy with Roy Adaptation Approach on Improving Adolescent Self-Esteem in the Special Institution for Children Class I Martapura

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy with Roy Adaptation Approach on Improving Adolescent Self-Esteem in the Special Institution for Children Class I Martapura

Uprzywilejowanie wierzycieli w podziale sumy uzyskanej z egzekucji sądowej – uwagi konstytucyjne i procesowe

The purpose of this study is an interdisciplinary analysis the new regulations, referred to in Art. 1025 § 1 point 21, § 32, § 7–8 of the Code of Civil Procedure, in the context of constitutional norms and values determined by specific institutions the principles of a democratic state of law. This regulation was introduced by the amendment of March 9, 2023 as a security for future alimony claims. The article discusses reservations regarding its compliance with the constitutional principle of protection of acquired rights and also presents the corrective proposals. The goal of the paper is to present the compliance of new regulations with the right to enforcement, derived from the constitutional right to a court. The study uses a dogmatic-legal research method.

High Alert Medication Mitigation Strategies (HAMMS): A rapid realist review for assessing what works, how, and in what circumstances in a full service Irish acute hospital

Abstract Introduction All medications have the potential to cause harm; however, some are prone to cause more serious harm than others - titled “high-alert medications”. High-alert medications are identified from national/international consensus and from local patient incidents. Safeguarding of high-alert medications through mitigation strategies is complex and can represent a multi-faceted approach; international consensus, public guidance and local data inform interventions to reduce the risk of error. Realism can explore complex interventions, whereby rapid realist reviews are used when the evidence is required for a local intervention, and the results are not required to be relevant in other situations. Aim This rapid realist review aimed to present an evidence-informed approach of high-alert medication mitigation strategies within an acute hospital, how they work, why and the specific circumstances they work in. Methods Realist methodologies explores the context (C) of strategies/interventions (I) and the mechanisms (M) by which they operate to impact outcomes (O), which in this case is to reduce the risk of errors associated with high-alert medications. Audit data and stakeholder discussion informed the development of an initial programme theory. A rapid literature review across four databases was then conducted to test the initial programme theory, where evidence of how interventions work to reduce errors in specific contexts was extracted using Microsoft Excel®. Papers from initial rapid reviews and iterative searches were assessed by relevance and rigour through NVivo12® software, until theoretical saturation of the programme theory was reached, and the development of a modified programme theory occurred. Results Thirty-two papers were included in the final synthesis. Specific to the institution, employing redundancies, standardisation, warning labels and automation were the most commonly applicable interventions related to mitigating the risk of high-alert medications. Governance, confidence, limiting access and engagement, among other adaptive and responsive mechanisms are needed to facilitate these interventions. Influence is spread across organisational, ward and individual perspectives for increasing access to information. Based on audited data, insulin medication management represented a specific area for focus; therefore, a list of ten recommendations were drawn up using guiding principles from realist findings. Conclusion A suite of high- to low-leverage strategies related to high-alert medications, applied within specific contexts, could be adopted within the institutions current infrastructure. Further research is needed to evaluate the adoption of the strategies to determine their success and validate the data. Rapid realist reviews are useful methods in capturing complex interventions within specific institutions in a time-sensitive manner.

Insights into The Prenatal and Postnatal Knowledge & Critical Observations of Parents with Children who Have Down Syndrome: A Single Center Study

Introduction: Down syndrome (DS) is one of the many genetic syndromes commonly confronted by pediatricians. These people commonly share a few features which include a low level of muscle tone (hypotonia), learning disabilities, and abnormalities of the cranium and facial parts. Aims and Objectives: To assess the pre and postnatal knowledge, of parents with Down syndrome children. Place and Duration of study: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Shifa International Hospital (SIH), by Final year medical students, in association with the Cytogenetics Department. between December 2019 to September 2021 Material and Methods: All the chidren diagnosed with Down Syndrome at the SIH and their parents were invited to participate in our study. Convenience sampling was used depending solely on the number of parents who had accepted our invitation. A total sample size of 35 was included, of which 15 agreed to participate. A detailed questionnaire having both close ended and open questions in English and Urdu was filled out by those parents who consented. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS version 24.0. pvalue ?0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Our results showed that 11 of the 15 DS children i.e., 73.3% were male and 4 out of 15 i.e., 26.6% were females. None of these children had siblings with the same disorder. 13 of the 15 cases (86.6%) were diagnosed post- natally only 2 cases (13.3%) pre-natally. All the cases i.e., 100% were diagnosed by a pediatrician and none were diagnosed by an obstetrician. Surprisingly increasing age of either parent seemed to increase the incidence of DS offspring. 60.0% (9 of the 15) of parents did not know the condition could be diagnosed prenatally. While 10 of 15 (66.6%) of them were aware of its general complications. Answering open ended questions parents identified the lack of awareness, special educational institutes, and presence of communication gap between them and doctors as some of the factors that hindered the welfare of DS children. Conclusion: Only one parent knew about DS complications pre-natally and only a few were aware that a pre-natal diagnosis could be formed. Postnatal knowledge of parents was sketchy also, especially regarding the future complications faced by DS children, Parents critically observed insufficient public awareness, societal taboos, paucity of local DS data and prenatal medical DS training, and consequently lack of govermnnental support required by special needs DS children in our country.

Cambodia’s Inclusive Education Development from 1953 to 2024: A Literature Review

Cambodia, like many other nations globally, has instituted policies for inclusive education and crafted an educational strategic plan to foster advanced knowledge and professional ethics among individuals with disabilities. The evolution of Cambodia's inclusive and special educational institutions has been influenced by colonization, political ideologies, and global economic trends. This paper thoroughly examines the trajectory of inclusive education across six phases of political change, assessing the achievements and shortcomings of each regime in implementing inclusive education as a driver for national development. Drawing on a comprehensive review of scholarly articles, the research is a valuable resource for scholars, educators, and policymakers aiming to enhance their understanding of Cambodia's history in special and inclusive education. It emphasizes the need for reforms to ensure equal educational opportunities and academic success for students with disabilities.

Інституційні засади реконструктивного розвитку сільських територій під час воєнного стану

The purpose of the article is to form the institutional framework for ensuring the reconstructive development of rural areas of Ukraine under martial law. The creation of the National Fund for the Revival of Agricultural Production and Villages in the de-occupied territories as a special institution, a non-profit budget institution, whose activities are coordinated by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, has been substantiated. The scope of its activity is supposed to include the issue of accelerated restoration of the agrarian sector and villages in the liberated territories by coordinating the activities of state executive authorities, local self-government, and public organizations, as well as business structures, regarding the targeted accumulation, distribution, and use of relevant resources to meet the needs of all agribusiness subjects. It was determined that the main principles of creation and activity of the Fund are the principles of transparency, responsibility, partnership, innovation, integrity, adaptability, public participation, environmental responsibility, and efficiency. The main functions of the Fund are financial support and investment activities; research and consulting activities; monitoring and analysis of market conditions; infrastructure development; informational and educational activities, support of innovations and technologies, interaction with international organizations. A decentralized model of the development of the agrarian sphere has been developed under the conditions of post-war recovery and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. At the same time, the main mechanism for stimulating innovative development is proposed to create priority development territories in the country, the main principles of which are defined as legal clarity, investment stimulation, infrastructure development, ensuring social stability, and environmental safety, as well as interaction with the residents and communities. A conceptual model for the development of cooperative and integration relations in the agricultural sector of the economy at the regional level is proposed, which closely cooperates with the National Fund for the Revival of Agricultural Production and Villages in the de-occupied territories, which makes it possible to rationally distribute state and grant funds, as well as fully involve them in the processes of recovery and reintegration of all forms of farming in the countryside. Keywords: post-war recovery of Ukraine, agrarian sphere, rural areas, institutions of reconstructive development, cooperation, integration, territory of priority development.

Restructuring of human resource development in IIT libraries of North India in new digital era

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the restructuring of human resources development processes in Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) libraries in North India, emphasizing the essential information and communications technology (ICT) skills for both recruits and existing staff. Design/methodology/approach The study used a survey research design, with two different sets of structured questionnaires used to collect data. The first set, which was distributed to all heads of seven IIT libraries in North India, received a 100% response rate. Simultaneously, the second set was distributed to library users, yielding a 92% response rate (680 responses out of 700 distributed). The collected data were analyzed and tabulated, with suitable interpretations. Findings The findings of the study reveal that all examined libraries have implemented skill development programs. Moreover, advanced ICT skills are considered essential for staff appointments, and specific institutes (IIT Kanpur, IIT Delhi, IIT Jodhpur and IIT Ropar) took the initiative to provide ICT training to their employees. Trained employees exhibited enhanced performance, attributed to advanced ICT knowledge. The study suggests restructuring selection criteria and introducing structured ICT training programs for library staff, ensuring a more adept workforce for current demands. Research limitations/implications The study can increase the impact globally on human resource development by incorporating soft skills, job satisfaction and leadership development while exploring research opportunities through cross-institutional comparisons and the integration of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality. Originality/value This study collected primary data from IIT libraries in North India using self-designed questionnaires. The findings provide useful insights into how libraries might restructure human resource development in the digital age.

National strategies for knowledge translation in health policy-making: A scoping review of grey literature

Background and objectivesWithout strategic actions in its support, the translation of scientific research evidence into health policy is often absent or delayed. This review systematically maps and assesses national-level strategic documents in the field of knowledge translation (KT) for health policy, and develops a practical template that can support Evidence-informed Policy Network (EVIPNet) Europe countries in producing national strategies for evidence-informed policy-making.MethodsWebsites of organizations with strategic responsibilities in KT were electronically searched, on the basis of pre-defined criteria, in July–August 2017, and an updated search was carried out in April–June 2021. We included national strategies or elements of national strategies that dealt with KT activities, as well as similar strategies of individual institutions with a national policy focus. Two reviewers screened the strategies for inclusion. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsA total of 65 unique documents were identified, of which 17 were eligible and analysed for their structure and content. Of the 17, 1 document was a national health KT action plan and 6 documents were institution-level KT strategies. The remaining 10 strategies, which were also included were 2 national health strategies, 5 national health research strategies and 3 national KT strategies (not specific to the field of health alone). In all, 13 structural elements and 7 major themes of health policy KT strategies were identified from the included documents.ConclusionKT in health policy, as emerged from the national strategies that our mapping identified, is based on the production and accessibility of policy-relevant research, its packaging for policy-making and the activities related to knowledge exchange. KT strategies may play different roles in the complex and context-specific process of policy-making. Our findings show that the main ideas of health-specific evidence-informed policy literature appear in these strategies, but their effectiveness depends on the way stakeholders use them. Specific knowledge-brokering institutions and organizational capacity, advocacy about the use of evidence, and close collaboration and co-decision-making with key stakeholders are essential in furthering the policy uptake of research results.