Special Sensitivity Research Articles

Perceived Sensations in Architectural Spaces through Immersive Virtual Reality

To design architectural spaces that not only respond to the basic needs of users, but also seek their emotional well-being, it is necessary for the architecture students to have a special sensitivity and be aware of the different sensations that their designs should and can evoke. To achieve this competence without exploring real spaces, Immersive Virtual Reality technology offers an important contribution to the field of architecture. The purpose of this research is to determine if the sensations perceived in virtual architectural spaces by students are similar to the real ones and to determine the characteristics of this technology that allow a better perception of sensations. Six architectural modules were designed to be walked through and experienced at real scale using a Head Mounted Display by 22 students of the first and fifth year of studies of Architecture career in Peru. An ad-hoc questionnaire allowed to know the perceived sensations and the benefits of the tool. The results obtained showed that the perception of sensations of the fifth year students is a little closer to those expressed by a group of seven experts compared to that of the first year students and that the students consider the characteristics of accessibility, real scale of the space and the possibility of going through and looking at the space in all directions are those that have given more realism to the experience and therefore better perception of the space, while the characteristics of natural light and shadows, construction materials and external environment have been less valued in the realism of the experience. It is concluded that the sensory experimentation in architectural spaces modelled realistically in virtual environments allows the perception of sensations very similar to those that the architect seeks to convey initially.

«Язык» тела: тело в трансляции сенсорной информации в традиционном мировоззрении тюрко-монгольских народов

The article aims to study the information context of the body signs and the perception of this information by Inner Asian nomads in terms of man and nature interaction. Methods. The research is based on general scientific methods and particular methods of historical science, such as the historical-comparative research method and the method of cultural-historical reconstruction. Materials. In terms of studies of humans as social and biological beings, it is relevant to examine the human body in the system of traditional somatic representations of the Turkic-Mongolian peoples of Inner Asia. In their worldview, the human body represents a specialized “map” of messages of a physiological nature, where organs and body parts were seen as symmetrical and their messages were perceived as negative or positive, depending on location on the left or on the right. Of relevance was also whether the sign came from the upper or lower part of a particular organ. Special attention was paid to the “movements” of the liver and the heart. Conclusions. The study shows that the world that surrounds a person appeared as a complex multidimensional information space, with sensory information playing an important part in its perception. This information was not limited to images created by the senses. In fact, the entire body, including internal organs, was perceived as such a conductor, with various manifestations of a physiological nature, such as trembling, noises, itching, and pains serving as “messages”. Individuals that had special body sensitivity were described as those of “open flesh” or of “light bones”; these were usually the only child in the family or one of the twins.

Technological features of distribution between river basins using GIS technologies (based on the example of r. Brusnytsya)

Formulation of the problem. The catchment area and surface runoff volume – morphometric parameters calculated from digital terrain models – are widely used in geographic information analysis of the area. They are attributed to the block of hydrological parameters, where they are basic concepts. The emergence and widespread usage of GIS tools has greatly simplified this labor-intensive process. However, the complexity of the applied algorithms forms the sensitivity of the models to the entered parameters, the values of most of which are selected by the user through numerous attempts and tests. The research methodology. The study examines the most common GIS tools from many existing ones that support hydrology tools – ArcGIS, Global Mapper, SAGA GIS, Surfer. Finding out the principles of operation of hydrological tools in different GIS environments and the applied algorithms was one of the goals, the solution of which was revealed in the process of research methodology. The same set of initial data obtained as a result of vectorization of relief elements of a fragment of a topographic map of the research territory is used for all software. The digital terrain model was prepared taking into account the requirements and features of hydrologically correct models. The initial data were checked for topological correctness. In order to determine the influence of separate DEM on the results of the boundaries, its modeling was performed in three versions – 10 × 10 m; 25 × 25 m; 50 × 50 m. According to the same algorithm in each of the GIS tools, the boundaries of the basins were selected. The obtained map metrics were entered into comparative tables, and in some cases were subject to correlation analysis. As a result of studies. The correct location and accurate plotting of the catchment areas of water bodies on the cartographic material has a decisive influence on the accuracy of determining their areas. No direct relationship was found between the effect of the DEM resolution on the results of modeling the boundaries of catchment areas. However, the resolution of the DEM affects the detail of the hydrographic network. It is established that for the same parameter ( ), there is a linear relationship between the cell size and the total length of the river network within the studied basins. Despite the study of hydrological modeling algorithms used in GIS tools, the most difficult is the special sensitivity of the models to the entered parameters. A correlation (very high level of connection) has been established, which consists in reducing the length and number of selected objects of watercourses with increasing the threshold value of the amount of runoff ( ). The scientific novelty. The obtained results are aimed at increasing the accuracy of modeling the boundaries of catchment basins and calculating the derived hydrographic parameters. They can be used to generalize hydrographic network objects within dedicated catchments and to achieve a reasonable degree of cartographic compliance and detail depending on the objectives and scope of research. The practical significance. Thus, both the resolution of the DEM and the value of the runoff threshold have a direct impact on the derived hydrographic parameters (for example, the density of the river network).

Type-II characteristics of photoluminescence from InGaAs/GaAs surface quantum dots due to Fermi level pinning effect

The In(Ga)As/GaAs surface quantum dots (SQDs) have become appealing recently due to the special surface sensitivity property and consequently the advantage in developing sensors for humidity detection. This research reveals that the InGaAs/GaAs single-layer SQDs exhibit carrier separation due to Fermi level pinning, where electrons are pinned at surface but holes are confined inside the SQDs. Thus, photoluminescence (PL) features corresponding to carrier indirect transition are observed through a prominent blue-shift of ∼ 31 meV for the PL band that obeys a cube root power law over four orders of magnitude change in excitation power. The indirect transition of these SQDs is further characterized through time-resolved PL studies showing a biexponential decay with a relatively elongated carrier lifetime of ∼ 1.35 ns. This is the first time that a concept of type-II characteristic is proposed for the InGaAs SQDs, which will help to optimize the design and working principles for developing sensors with surface-sensitive InGaAs SQDs.

Viral Myocarditis-From Pathophysiology to Treatment.

The diagnosis of acute and chronic myocarditis remains a challenge for clinicians. Characterization of this disease has been hampered by its diverse etiologies and heterogeneous clinical presentations. Most cases of myocarditis are caused by infectious agents. Despite successful research in the last few years, the pathophysiology of viral myocarditis and its sequelae leading to severe heart failure with a poor prognosis is not fully understood and represents a significant public health issue globally. Most likely, at a certain point, besides viral persistence, several etiological types merge into a common pathogenic autoimmune process leading to chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling, ultimately resulting in the clinical phenotype of dilated cardiomyopathy. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms is necessary to assess the prognosis of patients and is fundamental to appropriate specific and personalized therapeutic strategies. To reach this clinical prerequisite, there is the need for advanced diagnostic tools, including an endomyocardial biopsy and guidelines to optimize the management of this disease. The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has currently led to the worst pandemic in a century and has awakened a special sensitivity throughout the world to viral infections. This work aims to summarize the pathophysiology of viral myocarditis, advanced diagnostic methods and the current state of treatment options.

Relating Compassion, Spirituality, and Scandal before Unjust Suffering: An Empirical Assessment

Recent studies in the field of cognitive science of religion have proposed a connection between religious beliefs, theory of mind, and prosocial behaviour. Theory of mind appears to be related to empathy and compassion, and both to a special sensitivity towards unjust suffering, which could trigger a religious crisis, as has often happened and is revealed in the “theodicy question”. To test such relationships, adolescents were surveyed by an exploratory questionnaire. The collected data point to a more complex, less linear interaction, which depends more on cultural factors and reflexive elaboration than cognitive structures. In general, compassion and outrage before unjust suffering appear to be quite related; compassion is related to religious practice and even more to spiritual perception.

Comfortable and safe environments for people with autism: preliminary analysis of risks and definition of priorities in the design phase

People with autism deserve specific attention as concern environmental comfort, well-being and accessibility of environments, not only because they are a significant and growing share of the total population, but also because they can show special sensitiveness to the variation and value of several environmental parameters. In this work, the main building-related critical issues connected to the special environmental sensitivity in the autism spectrum condition are highlighted and analysed. By means of a questionnaires’ survey among parents and caregivers of people with autism, their sensitivity to different thermal, visual, acoustic and indoor air quality stimuli was evaluated. Then, a list of risk factors was prepared for a residential context, classifying them into environmental risks, leading to discomfort and dangerous response for people with autism; and accidental risks, deriving from unpredictable events, even more dangerous for people with special perceptual disorders. According to the outcomes of the survey and based on literature considerations, probability and severity of environmental and accidental risks were estimated on a scale from 1 to 5 in the different rooms of residential buildings. This permitted to draw up a hypothetical system of possible interventions and solutions to be considered during the design phase, establishing a different priority in the different rooms of a dwelling, in order to increase the occupant’s comfort, safety and autonomy, and improving physical and psychological well-being.

Pediatric Anxiety Disorders: When to Worry About Worry.

Anxiety is incredibly common and even normal as a waxing and waning dominant emotion for children. However, attention to disruptive symptoms that prevent daily functioning or prevent a child from thriving is within the purview of the general pediatric medical home. We review diagnosis, current tools readily accessible to every pediatrician, and treatment approaches, with special sensitivity to pandemic-related barriers and outcomes related to pediatric anxiety disorders. More than ever, the general pediatrician should be prepared to co-manage anxiety disorders with an interprofessional mental health team. [Pediatr Ann. 2021;50(11):e446-e448.].

Are white-collar prisoners special? Prison adaptation and the special sensitivity hypothesis

Objectives: This study examines the behaviors of people convicted of white-collar offenses to determine if white-collar prisoners are truly distinct from those who were found guilty of other types of offenses. Method: Using data from a large Midwestern state we identified 1867 prisoners convicted of white-collar offenses and compared them to 55,756 prisoners who were not convicted of white-collar offenses. Binary logistic regression models were used to control for the effects of potential confounders. The likelihood of being found guilty of various types of misconduct and forms of recidivism were calculated. Results: White-collar prisoners were found to have significantly different characteristics than other types of prisoners, but the multivariate models found that they were not significantly different in terms of their likelihood of being found guilty of most types of misconduct (i.e., resistance to orders, property misconduct, drug-related misconduct, or other misconduct). White-collar prisoners were not more or less likely to return to prison for any reason. The only significant distinction between white-collar prisoners and other types of prisoners was their reduced likelihood of being found guilty of violent misconduct.

Determination of urinary N-acetylneuraminic acid for early diagnosis of lung cancer by a boric acid covalently functionalized lanthanide MOFs and its intelligent visual molecular robot application

In this work, a boric acid covalently functionalized lanthanide MOF (Ln-MOF) sensor was constructed for the first time to monitor of urinary N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) to early diagnose of lung cancer, NANA can be used as biomarker of lung cancer. Considering that the specific binding affinity between boronic acid group and cis-diol can probably cause special influence towards the fluorescence of Ln-MOF, a boric-acid-functionalized Ln-MOF (B-EuMOF) sensor was first designed by covalent modification, which is proved to be an effective ratiometric fluorescent sensor of NANA, a urinary biomarker of lung cancer containing cis-diol. This designed NANA sensor shows special enrichment capacity, high selectivity and sensitivity, fast response, excellent reusability and more important, the ratiometric sensing result can be clearly distinguished by naked eye. Based on the luminescent sensing property of B-EuMOF towards NANA and the capture function of boric acid group, a molecular robot system which can monitor lung cancer at early stage is constructed. In this molecular robot system, boronic acid group serves as the actuator using ‘functional-hand’ to grasp NANA for the molecular robots. The fluorescence of B-EuMOF (I470 nm/I614 nm) act as the sensor of the molecular robots. And the processor is constructed by combinational logic gates (INHIBIT and AND) which can control the molecular robots by logical operation of fluorescence response of B-EuMOF towards NANA. This work proposes first example of Ln-MOFs based molecular robot and what’s more, paves new way for the combination of fluorescent sensor and intelligent molecular devices.

Emergency Evacuation of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) During Disasters: A Systematic Literature Review

The evacuation of hospitals has special complications and sensitivities in terms of the presence of patients. Since infants are the youngest and most vulnerable patients in the hospital, the readiness of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to respond appropriately and evacuate at the time of disasters is very important. This article examines the emergency evacuation of neonatal intensive care units during disasters. The present systematic review was done based on the PRISMA guidelines for systematic review studies. Accordingly, all English-language articles published in this field were extracted by the end of January 2020, through searching Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct, as well as Google Scholar Web Search. The search and screen of the articles were conducted independently by the research team members, and the content of included articles was analyzed thematically. After the final evaluation, 11 articles were subjected to content analysis, which was divided into seven thematic categories: command, training and maneuver, manpower, communication, equipment, transportation, support. Considering that infants are the most vulnerable preparing the staff of the (NICU) along with providing them with specialized and technical support is suggested. By preparing and implementing response and preparedness plans, it is possible to prevent high complications and mortality among infants admitted to the hospital pre-disasters.

Enhanced CO sensing performance of WO3 nanorods with PtAg nanoparticles modification: A combined experimental and first-principle study

WO3 nanorods and PtAg-loaded WO3 nanorods with a length of 50–100 nm were synthesized for CO detection. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV–vis absorption spectra and Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR). The analysis results indicated that PtAg nanoparticles with the diameter of 20–30 nm were loaded on the surface of WO3 nanorods. CO sensing performance analysis results indicated that modification by PtAg nanoparticles could improve the sensing performance of WO3. The sensitivity value is significantly improved and the optimal temperature decreased 20 °C, the response value is 2.79 toward 100 ppm CO and response/recovery time is 75/24 s. Additionally, the first-principles calculation results based on density functional theory (DFT) showed that the best adsorption sites of CO on the surface of Pt (111) and Ag (111) are top site and the adsorption energy of Pt (111) is better than Ag (111) on each site. The enhanced gas sensitivity may be attributed to the special sensitization mechanism of Pt and Ag and their strong interaction. The combination of experiment and theoretical calculation research provides a feasible strategy for the design of CO gas sensor.

Symmetry and Chirality: Where Physics Shakes Hands with Chemistry and Biology

AbstractIn reflecting the author's personal perspective, this review demonstrates how chirality is a unifying theme in modern science. Using the discrete symmetries of parity P, time reversal T and charge conjugation C to characterize chiral systems, the concepts of true and false chirality that emerge provide an extension of Lord Kelvin's definition to dynamic situations This clarifies the nature of physical influences able to induce absolute enantioselection, emphasizing the distinct behaviour of processes under thermodynamic and kinetic control. Parity violation and CP violation are suggested to be manifestations of true and false cosmic chirality, respectively, with possible roles in abiotic enantioselection. Truly chiral systems support time‐even pseudoscalar observables which endows chiroptical spectroscopies with a special sensitivity to absolute stereochemistry, exemplified by the application of vibrational Raman optical activity to small chiral organic molecules and intact viruses.

Transparency is Surveillance

AbstractIn herBBC Reith Lectures on Trust, Onora O’Neill offers a short, but biting, criticism of transparency. People think that trust and transparency go together but in reality, says O'Neill, they are deeply opposed. Transparency forces people to conceal their actual reasons for action and invent different ones for public consumption. Transparency forces deception. I work out the details of her argument and worsen her conclusion. I focus on public transparency – that is, transparency to the public over expert domains. I offer two versions of the criticism. First, theepistemic intrusionargument: The drive to transparency forces experts to explain their reasoning to non‐experts. But expert reasons are, by their nature, often inaccessible to non‐experts. So the demand for transparency can pressure experts to act only in those ways for which they can offer public justification. Second, theintimate reasonsargument: In many cases of practical deliberation, the relevant reasons are intimate to a community and not easily explicable to those who lack a particular shared background. The demand for transparency, then, pressures community members to abandon the special understanding and sensitivity that arises from their particular experiences. Transparency, it turns out, is a form of surveillance. By forcing reasoning into the explicit and public sphere, transparency roots out corruption — but it also inhibits the full application of expert skill, sensitivity, and subtle shared understandings. The difficulty here arises from the basic fact that human knowledge vastly outstrips any individual’s capacities. We all depend on experts, which makes us vulnerable to their biases and corruption. But if we try to wholly secure our trust — if we leash groups of experts to pursuing only the goals and taking only the actions that can be justified to the non‐expert public — then we will undermine their expertise. We need both trust and transparency, but they are in essential tension. This is a deep practical dilemma; it admits of no neat resolution, but only painful compromise.

Update on oncoplastic techniques in breast conserving surgery: algorithms for predictable results and custom-made reconstructions.

Breast cancer surgery is going to be a relevant specialty involved in the multidisciplinary disease management, finalized to guarantee high performances on mortality reduction together with a quality-of-life improvement. The intellectual architecture of this field is characterized by its inclination to respect, sharing, empathy and scientific knowledge that can make it a high model of medical culture. In this context, oncoplastic breast conserving surgery is identified by special aesthetic sensitivities, as well as creativity and innovation. Knowing how to reshape the gland and fill the gaps, planning the targeted exeresis design, while anticipating the final outcome, respecting symmetries and ensuring first of all oncological safety, are the new skills that are required to the breast surgeon. Several tecniques could provide a refined surgical treatment but always challenging according to anatomical findings and patient expectations, as a systematic process of self-critical reflection, with the purpose to optimize criteria for improving therapeutic results.

Leisure and Recreation Activities for Disabled People

All regulations around us that are made for human needs are possible only through a good design and practice-integrity by covering all people and by considering all needs that emerge from such factors as age and physical conditions and that require a general and special sensitivity. In this sense, one of the most important issues in the transformation of recreational open areas into livable environment is the accessibility. This study basically aims at reviewing those studies that discussed restrictors that prevented the disabled people from accessing to recreational activities in urban areas. Therefore; a search was made by using such key words as recreation, leisure, disabled, physical activity and the relevant studies were studied in detail. As a result of the review, the most important factor that restricted the disabled people was identified. In light of the findings, such classifications as environmental and structural, psychological and emotional, economical and legal/procedural factors were explored. In sum, it was concluded that environmental and structural factors were the most restrictive factor for the disabled people. In order to eliminate these restrictors identified, recommendations were made with physical environment solutions.

Agostino Di Scipio and Dario Sanfilippo: Machine Milieu

Agostino Di Scipio and Dario Sanfilippo: Machine Milieu

Sensitive analysis of single nucleotide variation by Cas13d orthologs, EsCas13d and RspCas13d.

RNA-guided CRISPR (RNA-targeting clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) effector Cas13d is the smallest Class II subtype VI proteins identified so far. Here, two recently identified Cas13d effectors from Eubacterium siraeum (Es) and Ruminococcus sp. (Rsp) were characterized and applied for sensitive nucleic acid detection. We demonstrated that the special target triggered collateral cleavage of these two Cas13d orthologs could provide rapid target RNA detection in picomolar range and then the tolerance for mismatch between crRNA and target RNA was characterized as well. Finally, an additional single mismatch was introduced into crRNA to enhance the two Cas13d orthologs mediated detection of low variant allele fraction, 0.1% T790M. Overall, this study demonstrated that both EsCas13d and RspCas13d could robustly detect target RNA carrying special single-nucleotide variationwith high specificity and sensitivity, thereby providing newly qualified machinery in toolbox for efficient molecular diagnostics.

Psychological and Pedagogical Foundations of the Process of Teaching English to Preschoolers

Currently, there are controversial issues in pedagogical science about learning a foreign language in preschool institutions. The development of thinking and the formation of communicative abilities is an important psychological and pedagogical task of modern preschool education. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of children of older preschool age-5–7 year-olds. This age is the most favorable for mastering a foreign language. Psychological features of preschool children are the intensive formation of cognitive abilities, quick and easy memorizing of language information, special sensitivity to the phenomena of language, the ability to imitate. Learning English at preschool age stimulates the development of general speech abilities and lays the foundation for communication in a foreign language in the future, successful and not constrained by any barriers. Older preschoolers have an increased need to communicate with their peers, which is implemented through gaming activities. Teaching English to preschoolers is most effective with the use of linguodidactic games. The use of games in the English language classes ensures maximum activity of children, since playing is the most natural form of behavior of children. The game gives you the opportunity to present serious content in an accessible, emotionally meaningful way. Keywords: preschool education, English, senior preschool age, game technology, linguodidactic games

Spowiedź osób z zaburzeniem psychicznym

Obecność dużej liczby osób z zaburzeniami psychicznymi wśród wiernych Kościoła katolickiego wymaga pogłębionej refleksji duszpasterskiej na temat podejścia do nich. Są obdarzeni szczególną wrażliwością i ponadprzeciętnymi potrzebami duchowej opieki. Kościół stara się wspierać takich ludzi, kształtując wrażliwość na ich obecność w różnych środowiskach i wzywając do objęcia takich osób opieką. Artykuł stanowi konceptualizację specyfiki zaburzeń psychicznych w kontekście sakramentu spowiedzi i zaproponowano w nim zestaw zasad działania umożliwiających jej właściwe przeżycie przez te osoby.