Special Physical Preparation Research Articles

The essential characteristics of readiness of future officers to the service-combat activities by means of special physical preparation tailored the type of temperament

The essential characteristics of readiness of future officers to the service-combat activities by means of special physical preparation tailored the type of temperament

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ СТУДЕНТОВ-ВОЛЕЙБОЛИСТОВ

The modern level of development of volleyball demands high-quality approach to physical fitness of the player. The efficiency of educational and training process and effectiveness of game activity of the volleyball player depends on his overall, technical and tactical and psychological physical conditioning. There is no effective technique considering specific features of players when training college teams now. During the main training time of the training process, much attention is paid to the technical and tactical actions of the player. For general and special physical training of volleyball players special conditions and additional training time are necessary. The lack of such conditions in most student volleyball teams significantly reduces the game result as a whole. In search of a way out of the current problem, we have developed a method of education of physical capable taking into account the peculiarities of game actions of volleyball players. On the basis of the individual approach, and taking into account the training conditions of the male team of OGU, a program of general and special physical training was drawn up for each volleyball player, depending on his playing function on the site. At the final stage of our experiment, the player 's physical and special-physical preparedness rates increased markedly. The level of endurance of anaerobic character, jump endurance, high-speed endurance of attacking players, “libero,” defenders increased by 30%. The level of speed and speed-force abilities of volleyball players with different game role increased from 25–37 %. The obtained data of the study showed that the use of the technique developed by us of physical preparation of volleyball player significantly improved physical preparation of each player with different roles, and performance of the team as a whole.Key words: volleyball, physical fitness, player role.

Relationship between quantitative indicators of motor actions and technical and tactical indicators in young football players 13-14 years of different playing roles

Purpose. To determine the relationship between individual motor exercises and the quality of the technical and tactical actions of young football players of 13-14 years of different playing roles.
 Materials and methods: the study was conducted during a football competition. The study involved 11 football players 13-14 years old. Physical actions were analyzed during 10 games of the Kharkov football championship. The individual characteristics of young athletes in terms of diagnostics are analyzed, a statistical analysis of the degree of influence of various parameters of movements was carried out and relationship of indicators was carried out.
 Results. Our correlation analysis results allow us to take into account the influence of the use of individual exercises on the performance of technical and tactical actions of young football players of 13-14 years of different playing roles when building the training process.
 Conclusions. The conducted correlation analysis of the indicators of special motor actions and the technical and tactical indicators of young football players of 13-14 years of different playing roles determined that in the wing back defenders there is a more relationship between jerks at 15-20 m and dribbling; central defenders have established average correlation between the amount of jerking at 15-20m and the quality of performing short, medium and long ball passes; in wing back midfielders, the implementation of the number of jerks by 15-20 m affects all we study motor actions; in central midfielders the performance of the number of jerks affects the performance of short, medium and long passes; for forwards, a more correlation between technical and tactical actions is established between the number of types of running movements and tackles, including head games.
 Further research will be aimed at developing complexes of exercises of special physical preparation, taking into account the influence on the performance of technical and tactical actions of young players 13-14 years of different playing roles.

Improving the level of physical fitness of young volleyball players with the help of training equipment

The aim of the present study: improvement the educational and training process aimed at increasing the physical preparedness of young volleyball players. For the study of educational and training process (ETP) was selected the initial training group (ITG-2) the CE CCYSS (Complex Children and Youth Sports School) № 8 in Kharkiv. 20 young volleyball players (12-13 years old) with training experience from two to three years participated in the study. In order to practically verify the assumption that the use of special simple training devices in order to increase the level of improvement of those physical qualities that characterize the special physical preparedness of young volleyball players and will increase the level of general physical preparedness of young volleyball players, the pedagogical experiment was conducted. At the beginning of the pedagogical experiment and at the end of it, among young volleyball players with the help of testing the level of speed-strength preparedness was determined

Дослідження рівня фізичної підготовленості юних спортсменів-акробатів на початковому етапі підготовки

Tetiana Chernykh, Vyacheslav Mulik & Daria Okun Purpose: determine the level of physical preparedness of young acrobat athletes of the first year of training. Material & Methods: the study was conducted on the basis of the Integrated Children's Sports School No. 6 of the Sloboda district (Kharkiv). The study involved 16 children 5–6 years old, engaged in sports acrobatics in sports and fitness groups. Enrollment in primary training groups was carried out in accordance with the regulations established by the administration of the children's sports school. Pedagogical testing of physical and functional-motor readiness of children was carried out using tests provided by the State standard of sports training in sports acrobatics to assess general and special physical preparedness. The level of speed strength, special flexibility in the hip joint and spinal column, dynamic strength, speed, static strength were determined. Results: using correlation analysis, it was established that there are interconnections of a predominantly average level between the indicators of general and special physical preparedness of young athletes. Conclusions: studies have established that young beginner acrobats have a high level of flexibility, other indicators of physical qualities have heterogeneous results, mainly of an average level of correlation between exercises of general and special physical fitness.

VAULT - „HANDSPRING FWD ON – TUKED SALTO FWD OFF“ - TRAINING IN THE STAGE OF SPORT IMPROVEMENT (AGE 10-11)

From the observations made at international competitions for juniors – European championships (ECh) and European Youth Olympic Games (EYOG) and the first ever World Championship (WCh) for girls - 2019, we found that some of the most commonly performed vaults are “Yurchenko” from IV structural groups. To get to the finals of this apparatus, each gymnast must complete a second vault from a different group. The best gymnasts also perform the Voults from structural group II - “Handsprig fwd”. The present study aims to optimize the training method of training the Vault “Handsprig fwd”, in girls in the stage of sport improvement (age 10-11). Within the period 2018-2019 a sports and pedagogical experiment was conducted in which Bulgarian gymnasts at 10-11 years of age were studied. The experimental methodology is focused in 3 main directions: physical qualities – particularly with regards to vault; jumps from trampoline, preparatory exercises for vault apparatus from II structure group. The study found that the age of 10-11 years is most appropriate for initial training of “Handsprig fwd” vault. The conducted pedagogical experiment confirms the necessity of obligatory inclusion of trampoline and special physical preparation work in the weekly training program cycle, equivalent to the four female apparatuses. Deliberate work on the proposed methodology has led to positive results in the experimental group. The prepared multimedia computer product is designed for the needs of gymnastics.

SPEED ENDURANCE ENHANCEMENT IN TRACK-AND-FIELD ATHLETES FROM THE KOLA PENINSULA THROUGH BLOOD LACTATE CONTROL

Aim. The article deals with establishing the effect of the method for speed endurance enhancement in female track-and-field athletes from the Kola peninsula through blood lactate control at 11 mmol/l. Materials and methods. The study was conducted from November 2017 to April 2018. At the first stage, we created an experimental group of track-and-field athletes from sports school No 4 (Murmansk). All female athletes (middle-distance runners, n = 34) were 18–20 years old and possessed the first or the second adult category at the time of selection. 1 km test was conducted to establish speed endurance in participants. At the second stage, a 6-month experiment was conducted: all athletes had a 6-week interval training at a distance of 1 km with timekeeping, pulsometry, and blood count for establishing blood lactate immediately after each segment of the distance. At the third stage, a control 1 km test was conducted. The authors analyzed the results obtained using statistical methods (р ≤ 0.01). Results. It was established that the main methods for the development of speed endurance in female athletes are repetitive and interval methods. The main means of speed endurance enhancement are resistance running, running rhythm, and pursuit running. In the first two months of interval training, a significant increase in speed endurance, pulse values, and lactate (no more than 11 mmol/l) was registered. Stagnation of results was registered during the 4th, 5th, 7th, 11th, and 12th weeks of training. Conclusion. The data obtained can be used as a part of special physical preparation in female track-and-field athletes aged 18–20 years from Murmansk and Murmansk region.

Применение физических упражнений СДК «Атлет» для подготовки будущих спасателей к профессиональной деятельности

Цель. Научное обоснование повышения уровня общей и специальной физической подготовленности спасателей на основе применения упражнений спортивно-диагностического комплекса «Атлет» (СДК «Атлет»).
 Методы. Использованы следующие методы исследования: анализ специальной научно-методической литературы, анкетный опрос, педагогические наблюдения, контрольно-педагогические испытания, методы статистического анализа.
 Результаты. Представлены нормативные требования и порядок выполнения упражнений, входящих в состав разработанного СДК «Атлет». Проведен педагогический эксперимент, заключающийся в определении эффективности влияния упражнений, входящих в состав комплекса, на уровень общей и специальной физической подготовленности курсантов Университета гражданской защиты МЧС Беларуси. Разработана методика повышения уровня общей, специальной и профессионально-прикладной физической подготовленности будущих спасателей, основанная на применении упражнений СДК «Атлет».
 Область применения исследований. Результаты исследований могут быть использованы в системе профессиональной подготовки обучающихся и работников силовых министерств и ведомств как Республики Беларусь, так и иностранных государств.

„TSUKAHARA“ VAULT TRAINING IN THE STAGE OF SPORT IMPROVEMENT (AGE 10-11)

From the observations made at international competitions for juniors – European championships (ECh) and European Youth Olympic Games (EYOG) we found that some of the most commonly performed vaults are those of II, III, and IV structural groups, in particular – “Handsprig fwd” , “Tsukahara”, and “Yurchenko”. The present study aims to optimize the training method of training the Vault “Tsukahara”, in girls in the stage of sport improvement (age 10-11). Within the period 2018-2019 a sports and pedagogical experiment was conducted in which Bulgarian gymnasts at 10-11 years of age were studied. The experimental methodology is focused in 3 main directions: physical qualities – particularly with regards to vault; jumps from trampoline, preparatory exercises for vault apparatus from III structure group. The study confirmed the notion that the base vault in gymnastics is “Handsprig (without salto )“ and found that the age of 9-10 years is most appropriate for initial training of “Tsukahara” vault. The conducted pedagogical experiment confirms the necessity of obligatory inclusion of trampoline and special physical preparation work in the weekly training program cycle, equivalent to the four female apparatuses. Deliberate work on the proposed methodology has led to positive results in the experimental group. The prepared multimedia computer product [11] is designed for the needs of gymnastics.q

INTERVENÇÃO FISIOTERAPÊUTICA NAS LESÕES MUSCULOESQUELÉTICAS, EM POLICIAIS, CAUSADAS PELO USO DE MATERIAIS BÉLICOS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

A Polícia Militar é uma instituição que presta um serviço de emergência e geralmente é acionada pelo número 190, ou pessoalmente nas ruas, em patrulhamentos ou nos quartéis. A atividade policial trabalha de forma ostensiva nas funções operacionais, realizadas nas ruas, os policiais militares devem manter posturas corporais sempre prontas ao “combate”, tendo como doutrina um preparo físico especifico. Quando se trata se distúrbios posturais, com movimentos repetitivos de sobrecarga para a coluna vertebral e manutenção de posturas dinâmicas e estáticas por tempo prolongado, a área da saúde que representa importante relevância ao assunto é a fisioterapia, cujo objetivo da profissão é promover a saúde e integridade dos músculos, ossos e demais estruturas responsáveis por promover movimentos corporais e funcionamento adequado do corpo. O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar a intervenção fisioterapêutica nas lesões musculoesqueléticas em policiais militares causadas pelo uso dos materiais bélicos associadas a falta de condicionamento físico e desajustes posturais da profissão. Tendo como metodologia um levantamento bibliográfico relativo e atual acerca do tema abordado, utilizando como estratégias de busca os Descritores Controlados em Saúde (DeCS): polícia militar/ Military police, fisioterapia/ Physiotherapy e lesões musculoesquelética/ Musculoskeletal Injuries, utilizou-se os artigos encontrados no Google Acadêmico, disponíveis nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Literatura Latino Americana em Ciências de Saúde (LILACS) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), foram utilizados apenas os artigos que abordassem o tema proposto. Em todo país existem cerca de mais de 190 mil profissionais deste ramo, os quais, durante o tempo de carreira devem manter o condicionamento físico para que seu trabalho seja executado, a incidência de lesões musculoesqueléticas em policiais militares tem sido alvo de inúmeras pesquisas, por se tratar de um grande problema de saúde pública e a fisioterapia por se tratar de uma profissão capaz de manter a integridade do sistema musculoesquelético precisa ser melhor difundida dentro dessas instituições, sendo este trabalho o primeiro passo para que novas pesquisas sejam realizadas, afim de elucidar a importância deste profissional neste campo de atuação.

Characteristics of the leading factors of special physical preparedness of athletes from acrobatic rock and roll at the stage of preliminary basic training

Characteristics of the leading factors of special physical preparedness of athletes from acrobatic rock and roll at the stage of preliminary basic training

Инновации в совершенствовании специальной физической подготовки в спортивных единоборствах (современный аспект).

Информатизация и глобализация со-временного уровня развития спорта служатмощным толчком в направлении разработкии внедрения в процесс подготовки специ-ализированного компьютерного программ-ного обеспечения. Рассмотрено аспекты со-вершенствования специальной физическойподготовки в единоборствах посредствомиспользования инновационных технологий.В результате анализа специального теоре-тического и обобщения передового практи-ческого опыта выявлена целесообразностьприменения программно-аппаратных ком-плексов компьютерного мониторинга. Цельработы – проанализировать современныеподходы к решению проблем совершенство-вания специальной физической подготовкив единоборствах. Методы исследования:теоретический анализ и обобщение данныхнаучно-методических источников и информа-ции из интернет-ресурсов. Обоснованы осо-бенности использования средств и методоворганизации, контроля, рационального при-менения современных технологий в учебно-тренировочном процессе, которые возможноинтерпретировать в широких целях этапного,текущего и оперативного управления. Уста-новлено, что современные исследованияпоказателей специальной физической под-готовки выполняются видеокомпьютернымианализаторами движений спортсмена. Под-тверждено, что средствами практическогорешения задач совершенствования являют-ся разнообразные тренажерные приборы.Сформулированные выше положения былиположены в основу методологии нашегоисследования, что позволило систематизи-ровать полученные знания в соответствии собщетеоретическими положениями управле-ния и спецификой тренировочного процесса.Процесс оптимизации учебно-тренировочно-го процесса возможен при использовании пе-редовых информационных технологий, соб-ственно что обуславливает, как увеличениескорости обработки, плотность накопленияполученных данных, графическое отражениеплана подготовки, так и вербальный, сен-сорный, мыслительный аспекты. Внедрениеинформационных технологий в становлениеспорта высших достижений в обозримомбудущем имеет возможность привести к ин-теграции информационного обеспечения вединый ресурс, что увеличит эффективностьподготовки.

Ефективність використання засобів аквааеробіки у процесі секційних занять з плавання студентів 18–19 років

Yuriy Zhuravlev & Nikolai Malikov Purpose: evaluate the effectiveness of the use of aqua aerobics in the sectional swimming lessons program for students aged 18–19 years to improve their overall physical condition. Material & Methods : the study involved students aged 18–19 years (n=46). Evaluation of the effectiveness of aqua aerobics in the process of sectional swimming lessons was carried out on the basis of the results of a comparative analysis of the characteristics of the dynamics of the functional state of the cardiovascular system, external respiration system, the level of functional, general and special physical preparedness of students of the control and experimental groups during the school year. Results : it is shown that the introduction of aqua aerobics into the sectional swimming lessons program for students aged 18–19 years has contributed to a significant improvement in the functional status of the cardiorespiratory system of their body, the level of functional and special physical fitness. At the end of the school year, students of the experimental group were characterized by significantly higher, compared with the control group, the rate of improvement of all indicators of physical condition by 5–14%. Conclusions: the obtained results testified to the high efficiency of using aqua aerobics in the sectional swimming lessons program for students aged 18–19 years in a higher education institution setting.

Применение нестабильных опор и упражнений для контроля положения центра тяжести в тренировочном процессе баскетболисток 13-14 лет

Цель работы - экспериментально обосновать методику развития специальной физической и технической подготовленности баскетболисток 13-14 лет. Материал и методы. В эксперименте приняли участие баскетболистки ДЮСШ №13 (возраст 13-14 лет): экспериментальная группа (n=18); контрольная группа (n=18). Эксперимент проводился в августе 2018 года в течение трех месяцев. До и после эксперимента было проведено тестирование баскетболисток по физической подготовленности (бег 6 м, челночный бег 2х28 м, сгибание рук в упоре лежа, прыжки на скакалке), технической подготовленности (скорость защитных перемещений, броски с разной дистанции, скоростное ведение мяча). Для определения психофизиологического состояния спортсменок эксперимента регистрировали психофизиологические показатели с помощью компьютерной программы «Психодиагностика» (скорость простой и сложной реакции в различных режимах тестирования). Для определения скорости моторики рук использовался тест «Перекладывание фишек». Результаты. Разработана и внедрена в тренировочный процесс юных баскетболисток методика развития специальной физической и технической подготовленности баскетболисток. Методика включает в себя выполнение упражнений с помощью резиновой ленты, упражнения с использованием нестабильных платформ и бег из нестандартных исходных положений. Выявлено достоверное (р<0,05) улучшение показателей в тестах: скорость защитных перемещений, челночный бег, скоростная техника ведения мяча, броски с разных дистанций спортсменок экспериментальной группы по сравнению с контрольной. Установлено достоверное (р<0,05) различие показателей после проведения эксперимента в тестах: скорость простой и сложной реакции и моторики рук спортсменок экспериментальной группы по сравнению со спортсменками контрольной группы. Выводы. Показано положительное влияние экспериментальной методики на уровень физической, технической подготовленности и психофизиологическое состояние баскетболисток 13-14 лет.

Using mathematical criteria of evaluation for diagnostics results of cadets’ training in affective sphere

Objective: substantiation of the expediency of using mathematical evaluation criteria for determining the means of diagnosing a set of knowledge, skills and other competences acquired during the training of military men in the emotional (affective) sphere. Material: the study was attended by 67 cadets of the Air Force University, who are not the pilots and are at the 3rd year of study. For assessing the ability to manage their behavior through management of emotions, a technique of studying the emotional intelligence of military personnel at different stages of training and physical tests are related to overcoming objective and subjective obstacles. For the processing of the results was used the method of correlation, discriminant analysis and decision tree methods for the classification problem. The significance level for all statistics was established at p <0.05. Results: A positive linear relationship between the levels of performance of special exercises and the level of emotional stability were established. The models of discriminant analysis and the rule of classification of the recognition of the level of emotional stability according special physical preparedness level are determined. It was established that exercises in the obstacles course and turns in the gymnastics wheel are the main variables that allow classifying the students according to the level of emotional stability. Conclusions: The using of mathematical criteria for evaluating the results of the implementation of special exercises can differentiate according to the objective characteristics of cadets in category and simplifies the methodological work on recognition in the dynamics of physical improvement of military personnel, a local assessment of emotional and volitional resistance to the negative impact of the factors of modern combat.

ПОКАЗНИКИ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ ТА СПЕЦІАЛЬНОЇ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВЛЕНОСТІ КВАЛІФІКОВАНИХ ГАНДБОЛІСТІВ НА ЕТАПІ МАКСИМАЛЬНОЇ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНИХ МОЖЛИВОСТЕЙ

ПОКАЗНИКИ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ ТА СПЕЦІАЛЬНОЇ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВЛЕНОСТІ КВАЛІФІКОВАНИХ ГАНДБОЛІСТІВ НА ЕТАПІ МАКСИМАЛЬНОЇ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНИХ МОЖЛИВОСТЕЙ

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The article presents the results of research aimed at improving the functional readiness of law enforcement officers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine (by the example of the students of the National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, n = 121) by means of special physical preparation for action in mountainous areas. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for improving the functional readiness of the law enforcement officers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine to carry out assignments in the mountains with the use of means of special physical training. The developed method provided for the accentuated development of general and strength endurance, emotional stability, speed of thinking and switching attention. During practical training sessions at the training center of NANGU, attention was paid to the development and improvement of military and applied skills in overcoming artificial and natural obstacles, skills to overcome water obstacles, military and applied skills of grenade throwing for accuracy (top-down, bottom-up) and the implementation of marches on rough terrain with the associated use of anaerobic (aerobic) exercises. In addition, long-term and intense training exercises on martial arts (sambo, hand-to-hand combat, universal combat), complex swimming, diving in length with respiratory depression, functional complexes (means of crossfit) and other means of special physical training were widely used. The results obtained at the end of the pedagogical experiment indicate the effectiveness of our methodology, which is confirmed by the corresponding qualification level of special physical preparedness of the students of the experimental group. The acquired qualification level of special physical preparedness provides the necessary level of professional competencies to perform assignments in the mountains. The results of the study were introduced into the practice of special physical training of the students of the National Academy of National Guard of Ukraine and the NGU military personnel.

Удосконалення спеціальної фізичної підготовленості борців вільного стилю на етапі попередньої базової підготовки

Удосконалення спеціальної фізичної підготовленості борців вільного стилю на етапі попередньої базової підготовки

Model characteristics of special physical preparedness of Juvenile category athletes in acrobatic rock'n'roll

Model characteristics of special physical preparedness of Juvenile category athletes in acrobatic rock'n'roll

Модельні характеристики спеціальної фізичної підготовленості спортсменів категорії «Ювенали» з акробатичного рок-н-ролу

Serhii Humeniuk Purpose: develop model characteristics of special physical readiness of Juvenile category athletes in acrobatic rock'n'roll . Material & Methods: theoretical analysis and synthesis of data of special scientific and methodical literature, pedagogical observation, pedagogical testing, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. The study involved 40 athletes (20 sports pairs of the category Juvenile). Results: model characteristics and evaluation standards of the level of special physical readiness of athletes of the Juvenal category from acrobatic rock'n'roll are determined. Conclusion: a system for assessing the level of special physical readiness of athletes can be used to optimize the training process in acrobatic rock'n'roll.