Special Kind Research Articles

The YouTube-induced sequential categorization of the topical device of Amber Heard’s “lies”: an ethnomethodological forensic-linguistic perspective

Abstract The present study seeks to untangle the courtroom trial’s sequential categorization of the topical device of Amber Heard’s ‘lies’ as YouTubed by the Daily Mail. Towards this end, the study develops and utilizes a synergetic approach of the ethnomethodological method of membership categorization analysis (MCA), the reconsidered model, the forensic-linguistics model of analysing courtroom trials, and translanguaging emoji pattern analysis. The following hypothesis has been tested: YouTube-mediated courtroom trials can publicly bring out an emergent digital genre with a special kind of translocal participatory engagement of trial participants, YouTube creators, and YouTube users. Towards proving the foregoing hypothesis, three sets of YouTube-video data have been investigated. The analysis has proven the study’s hypothesis with three findings ensuing. First, a new digital genre of trial emerged with the shift from the local setting of courtroom to the translocal/global setting of YouTube. Second, the YouTube translocal affordances have enabled a situated membership categorization of Heard as a lying defendant and Vasquez as a heroic lawyer. Third, a set of morally contrastive devices have been detected through the metadiscursive practices of enabling the internet/video and video-moment reporting and quoting as well as the translanguaging practice of emoji assignment by YouTube users.

Using special coarse aggregate to enhance the tensile strain capacity of engineered cementitious composites

This study introduced fly ash cold-bonded coarse aggregate (CA) to produce a special kind of engineered cementitious composites (CA-ECC). Four mixtures of ECC with different particle sizes of coarse aggregate were fabricated at a constant water-to-binder ratio. Experimental and analytical studies including mechanical behaviors, micro-mechanical analysis, microstructure analysis, and chemical characterization of CA-ECC were conducted from macro-, meso-, and micro-scales. The results showed that CA-ECC can achieve the characteristic of strain-hardening with high ductility. Remarkably, ECC with aggregate size ranging from 5 to 8 mm achieved tensile strain capacity up to 11 %. The mechanism of over-saturated cracking and high ductility behaviors were explained by pseudo-strain-hardening index and microstructure analysis. By calculating the materials sustainability index (MSI) of all mixtures, the CA-ECC was proven to possess environmental advantages over conventional ECC. The present study extends the fundamental knowledge for developing ECC materials.

Application of Remote Sensing for Karst Rocky Desertification in Southwest China

Karst rocky desertification (KRD) is a special kind of desertification occurring in karst areas, which has caused a great impact on the natural environment, economy, and society in southwest China and has received wide attention from the government and researchers. Remote Sensing can monitor large area, and has fast and accurate data acquisition capability, which provides the scientific basis for evolution analysis and subsequent management of KRD and lays the foundation for conducting related research. This paper analyzes the application of Remote Sensing in the study of KRD in southwest China. Firstly, it introduces how Remote Sensing was used in the assessment of the severity of stone desertification, as well as the commonly used models and research ideas, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of each model, and explains the advantages of using Remote Sensing. Then, the paper introduces how Remote Sensing was applied in the study of the correlation between geological factors, vegetation factors, and human factors and rocky desertification. Finally, the paper summarizes the possible prospect using Remote Sensing to assist KRD study. This paper expects to inspire researchers by summarizing and analyzing the common ways of Remote Sensing in the study of KRD in southwest China and hopes to enrich the Remote Sensing’ s usage to assist in the study of KRD in southwest China.

Tunable microwave frequency comb generation via periodic relaxation oscillation in directly modulated laser

In this paper, a novel and simple generation scheme based on a directly modulated laser (DML) is proposed for tunable microwave frequency combs (MFCs). When the input modulated RF power is intentionally controlled to be sufficiently high to drive the DML into its nonlinear operating region periodically, relaxation oscillations will be excited in the same period. The modulated light from the DML is subsequently detected by a photodetector, and a special kind of microwave signal source can be optically produced and shows up in the form of MFC in the frequency domain. In the proof-of-concept experiment, tunable MFCs are demonstrated with the bandwidth of more than 25 GHz, the comb spacing of 0.5 ∼ 3 GHz, and the flatness of less than ± 2 dB with the frequency from 3 GHz to 18 GHz. The bandwidth of the generated MFC is in accordance with the relaxation oscillation frequency of the DML. The comb spacing is strictly equal to the frequency of the modulated RF signal and thus flexibly adjustable. The carrier-to-noise ratio can be up to 48 dB, and the single-sideband phase noise is measured to be lower than − 90 dBc/Hz@1 kHz for MFCs with comb spacings of 0.7 ∼ 3 GHz.

A Cultural Study of Aagha Hashar Kashmiri's Dramas

Culture is a collection of national traditions, lifestyles, ethics, literature, arts, dialects, languages, social systems and other factors that are common to the people of a particular region or nation. Culture is the identity of a country, region or nationality. Cultural elements bring any work of art closer to reality. Agha Hashar has also presented the civilization and culture of the sub-continent in his plays, from which his plays are known as the main part of Urdu literature, as if in this way he secured that era. At that time, the Mughal culture was in decline, but its effects on Indian civilization are significant. Agha Hashar's plays reflect the decadent Mughal civilization as well as Western civilization as he adapted English plays into Urdu language by giving them an Indian look. For this reason, there is a special kind of Ganga Jamni in his plays, which can be estimated by studying his plays. Through these plays, he not only preserved the culture and civilization of the subcontinent, but also used the words of different languages ​​in his plays. It is as if these plays are a milestone in the interpretation and publication of Urdu dramatization, by reading them, one is aware of the historical, cultural, intellectual and linguistic consciousness of a certain era.

Типографический ландшафт и прагматика типографической вариативности

The present paper suggests a linguistic approach to typography which is understood as a variable communicative resource. Typography acts as one of the semiotic tools for meaning making. A person actively chooses semiotic resources that are adequate in the socio-cultural situation, interprets the meanings and coordinates their communicative competence with socio-cultural norms and traditions of communication. The methodological framework of the study is based on modern explanatory approaches to the pragmatics of meaning that have been developed in media linguistics, discourse linguistics, and is in line with a new sociolinguistic strand typographic linguistics. The typographic variations are involved in the shaping of a semiotic, typographic landscape and generate typographic meanings as a special kind of pragmatic meaning. The typographic meaning is of an indexical nature and can be studied within the framework of social indexicality in line with current approaches in sociolinguistics and metapragmatics to communicative variation. From this point of view, the issue is related to media competence and media literacy as a person's ability to recognize and consciously apply various communicative forms and channels to express meanings in an appropriate situation. The analysis is exemplified by means of modern Russian advertising messages, street signs, announcements. Typographic meaning is created and recognized in the communicative interaction of social actors.

Positive Consensus of Fractional-Order Multiagent Systems Over Directed Graphs.

This article investigates the positive consensus problem of a special kind of interconnected positive systems over directed graphs. They are composed of multiple fractional-order continuous-time positive linear systems. Unlike most existing works in the literature, we study this problem for the first time, in which the communication topology of agents is described by a directed graph containing a spanning tree. This is a more general and new scenario due to the interplay between the eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix and the controller gains, which renders the positivity analysis fairly challenging. Based on the existing results in spectral graph theory, fractional-order systems (FOSs) theory, and positive systems theory, we derive several necessary and/or sufficient conditions on the positive consensus of fractional-order multiagent systems (PCFMAS). It is shown that the protocol, which is designed for a specific graph, can solve the positive consensus problem of agents over an additional set of directed graphs. Finally, a comprehensive comparison study of different approaches is carried out, which shows that the proposed approaches have advantages over the existing ones.

포스트휴먼 장애학 관점에서의 ‘학생 주도성’ 개념에 대한 비판적 고찰: 2022 개정 교육과정을 중심으로

The aim of this study was to critically examine the concept of student agency, an idea that has characterized recent curriculum reform policies, focusing on the 2022 revised curriculum, from the perspective of posthuman disability studies (PDS) and to propose a more inclusive framework for it. To this end, this study first explored how PDS enables us to rethink human agency, which underlies the notion of student agency. Next, the analysis of the 2022 revised curriculum and its related policy documents revealed that student agency embodied in the 2022 revised curriculum is predicated on the logics of choice-responsibility undergirding a range of curricular devices (e.g., the high school credit system). Drawing on PDS, the study argues that the 2022 revised curriculum may (inadvertently) contribute to the perpetuation of ableism by assuming that student agency can be exercised based on modern humanist values, such as autonomy, self-determination, and self-responsibility. Furthermore, it was also found that, unlike non-disabled students, disabled students are positioned in the curriculum as potentially less agentic, i.e., exceptional learners requiring educational interventions whose focus is on special kinds of learning experiences for their independence. Finally, the study discusses directions for developing a more just and inclusive version of the future curriculum that reflects PDS-based alternative ways of thinking about not only student agency but students’ differences, including disabilities.

Construction methods of fuzzy implications on bounded posets

The fuzzy implication on bounded lattices was introduced by Palmeira et al., and the method of extending fuzzy implications on bounded lattices by using retraction was provided. However, we find that the extension of fuzzy implications on bounded lattices can also be realized through homomorphism. In order to get better results, we will continue to study this topic in this paper. In particular, we will focus on the construction methods of fuzzy implications on bounded posets. More precisely, we will give some construction methods of fuzzy implications via 0,1-homomorphism on bounded posets. Then we further study two special kinds of fuzzy implications, (Q,N)-implications and RQ-implications on bounded posets, where Q is a quasi-overlap function. Finally, we discuss the distributive laws and the importation laws of (Q,N)-implications and RQ-implications over a quasi-overlap function Q.

Review on the monograph: Evgrashkina E. The semiotic nature of semantic uncertainty in modern poetic discourse, based on the material of German and Russian poetry. NEUERE LYRIK. Interkulturelle und interdisziplinäre Studien. Herausgegeben von Henrieke Stahl, Dmitrij Bak, Hermann Korte, Hiroko Masumoto und Stephanie Sandler. BAND 5. Berlin: Peter Lang, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2019. 173 S. ISBN 978-3-631-78193-7

The monograph by E. Evgrashkina examines the semiotic possibilities of the language of contemporary Russian- and German-language poetic texts. Instrumental tuning of the theoretical field of research requires detailed coverage of the concepts of «language games», «poetic discourse», «semiotic reality», «semiosis». Poetic discourse is identified with a semiotic process in which a special kind of semiosis is realized – «mobile semiosis», involving the reader in the game of appearances and «flickering of meanings». The development of the semiotic potential of individual lyrical texts of German- and Russian authors is traced. Their poetic texts of these authors reveal a complex composition of signs, syntax decay, rejection of rhyme, lexical «innovations», changes in conventional graphics, playing with punctuation marks etc. The main significance of the monograph by E. Evgrashkina is determined by the theoretical understanding of individual poetic practices, the study of the semiotic potential of language and the field of its functioning in modern Russian- and German poetic texts.

A carrier-free organometallic hydrogel originated from natural baicalin and Zn2+ with antibacterial and antioxidant efficacy

Organometallic hydrogels are a special kind of hydrogels, in which metal ions are involved in 3D networks and have become one of the pioneering soft material types. Due to its porous microstructure and flexibility, it shows great potential, especially in the biomedical field. The current research mostly uses biological macromolecules such as gelatin, chitosan or polymers as a matrix to prepare gels, with complex preparation process and potential toxicity. Herein, we proposed a carrier-free binary metal-organic small molecule hydrogel formed by self-assembly of natural antibacterial and anti-inflammatory phytochemical baicalin (BA) and Zn2+ (ZnCl2), through non-covalent bonds such as π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding. The organometallic hydrogel has great rheological properties and biological activities. It can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, reduce the production of ROS, prevent cell damage, and has good biocompatibility. In this study, a carrier-free organometallic hydrogel was successfully prepared, showing great injectability, antibacterial, antioxidant activity and biosafety, and has the potential to be developed into a wound dressing. Most importantly, current study provided a new idea for the self-assembly of organic small molecule ligands and metal ions to prepare hydrogels.

Machine Learning and the Re‐Enchantment of the Administrative State

Machine learning algorithms present substantial promise for more effective decision‐making by administrative agencies. However, some of these algorithms are inscrutable, namely, they produce predictions that humans cannot understand or explain. This trait is in tension with the emphasis on reason‐giving in administrative law. The article explores this tension, advancing two interrelated arguments. First, providing adequate reasons is a significant facet of respecting individuals’ agency. Incorporating inscrutable algorithmic predictions into administrative decision‐making compromises this normative ideal. Second, as a long‐term concern, the use of inscrutable algorithms by administrative agencies may generate systemic effects by gradually reducing the realm of the humanly explainable in public life, a phenomenon Max Weber termed ‘re‐enchantment’. As a result, the use of inscrutable machine learning algorithms might trigger a special kind of re‐enchantment, making us comprehend less rather than more of shared human experience, and consequently altering the way we understand the administrative state and experience public life.

Crosstalk characteristics of orbital angular momentum of focused perfect vortex beam in atmospheric turbulence

The perfect optical vortex beam (POV) is a special kind of vortex beam, whose radius is independent of its orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode, but the atmospheric turbulence (AT) causes crosstalk between different topological charges, which is a serious challenge in OAM-based communication system. We establish a theoretical model with a turbulence suppression effect for deriving the spiral spectrum of a focused perfect optical vortex beam (FPOV) after propagation through anisotropic AT. Through numerical analysis, we simulate the behavior of FPOV under different turbulence and beam parameters to better understand the effect of the received probability and its corresponding modal crosstalk under various conditions. In addition, the simulation of AT uses the multi-phase screen method to verify the theoretical results. The results show that the changes in topological charge, wavelength, receiving aperture, beam waist, and hollow radius all have an influence on the received probability. Also, some strategies for selecting turbulence parameters to reduce modal crosstalk in anisotropic AT are also discussed. The focus would reduce the effect of turbulent aberrations on the signal OAM mode received probability, and the FPOV provided better performance than the POV, which may be useful in OAM-based free space optical communication.

MalHyStack: A hybrid stacked ensemble learning framework with feature engineering schemes for obfuscated malware analysis

Since the advent of malware, it has reached a toll in this world that exchanges billions of data daily. Millions of people are victims of it, and the numbers are not decreasing as the year goes by. Malware is of various types in which obfuscation is a special kind. Obfuscated malware detection is necessary as it is not usually detectable and is prevalent in the real world. Although numerous works have already been done in this field so far, most of these works still need to catch up at some points, considering the scope of exploration through recent extensions. In addition to that, the application of a hybrid classification model is yet to be popularized in this field. Thus, in this paper, a novel hybrid classification model named, MalHyStack, has been proposed for detecting such obfuscated malware within the network. This proposed working model is built incorporating a stacked ensemble learning scheme, where conventional machine learning algorithms namely, Extremely Randomized Trees Classifier (ExtraTrees), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XgBoost) Classifier, and Random Forest are used in the first layer which is then followed by a deep learning layer in the second stage. Before utilizing the classification model for malware detection, an optimum subset of features has been selected using Pearson correlation analysis which improved the accuracy of the model by more than 2 % for multiclass classification. It also reduces time complexity by approximately two and three times for binary and multiclass classification, respectively. For evaluating the performance of the proposed model, a recently published balanced dataset named CIC-MalMem-2022 has been used. Utilizing this dataset, the overall experimental results of the proposed model represent a superior performance when compared to the existing classification models.

Benchmarking Whole Knowledge Graph Embedding Techniques

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) are gaining popularity and are being widely used in a plethora of applications. They owe their popularity to the fact that KGs are an ideal form to integrate and retrieve data originating from various sources. Using KGs as input for Machine Learning (ML) tasks allows to perform predictions on these popular graph structures. However, KGs cannot directly be used as ML input in their graph representation, they first require to be transformed to a vector space representation through an embedding technique. As ML techniques are data-driven, they can generalize over unseen input data that deviates to some extent from the data they were trained upon. To fully exploit the generalization capabilities of ML algorithms when using embedded KGs as input, small changes in the KGs should also result in small changes in the embedding space. Various embedding techniques for graphs in general exist, however, they have not been tailored towards embedding whole KGs, while KGs can be considered a special kind of graph that adheres to a certain KG schema. This paper evaluates if these existing embedding techniques that embed the whole graphs can represent the similarity between KGs in their embedding space, allowing ML algorithms to generalize over their input. We compare the similarities between KGs in terms of changes in size, entity labels, and KG schema. We found that most techniques were able to represent the similarities in terms of size and entity labels in their embedding space, however, none of the techniques were able to capture the similarities in KG schema.

Intimacy, Encounter, Tenderness . . .

ABSTRACT I do not like using the concept of relationship. Too wide, too vague. Of course, I know that a relationship can be healing, and I also know that every psychopathology has been created by relationship. So, step by step, I try to explore some components of the therapeutic relationship, which could narrow our focus and contribute to unfolding and understanding what happens in this specific face to face encounter. Intimate is an interesting concept because it belongs to both the innermost and a special kind of close way of being together. Perhaps, encounter might be considered as an extension of our paradigm of contact, when contact rises and grows between two people. Love is often referred to, in our therapeutic context. Is it an appropriate reference? What about tenderness, which seems to designate better a therapeutic attitude that does not exclude confrontation or distance. A few tracks that need to be pursued.

Coexistence of Superhardness and Metal-Like Electrical Conductivity in High-Entropy Dodecaboride Composite with Atomic-Scale Interlocks.

High electrical conductivity and super high hardness are two sought-after material properties, but both are contradictory because the effective suppression of dislocation movement generally increases the scattering of conducting electrons. Here we synthesized a high-entropy dodecaboride composite (HEDC) with a large number of atomic-scale interlocking layers. It shows a Vickers hardness of 51.2 ± 3.6 GPa under an applied load of 0.49 N and an electrical resistivity of 44.5 μΩ·cm at room temperature. Such HEDC achieves superhardness by inheriting the high intrinsic hardness of its constituent phases and restricting the dislocation motion to further enhance the extrinsic hardness through forming numerous atom-scale interlocks between different slip systems. Moreover, the HEDC maintains the excellent electrical conductivity of the constituent borides, and the competition between two correlating structures produces the special kind of coherent boundary that minimizes the scattering of conducting electrons and does not largely deteriorate the electrical conductivity.

Boundary node detection in wireless networks with uneven node distribution on open surfaces

Boundary node detection is essential in various application scenarios of wireless networks. However, most previous solutions are only suitable for planar networks with densely and evenly distributed nodes. They cannot satisfy scenarios where nodes are unevenly deployed on open surfaces because the nodes may have different heights, densities, and inter-distances. In this work, we propose a scheme named Surrounding Triangle Validation to detect boundary nodes in wireless networks with uneven node distribution on open surfaces. This solution randomly generates triangles from the 1-hop neighbors of a testing node and validates these triangles. The triangle generation step accepts the triangles with their two endpoints connected by one or more relay nodes in the areas with uneven node density. Then, the generated triangles surrounding the testing node are picked out by point in triangle tests. In the last step, the selected triangles are compared according to the characteristics of a special kind of boundary node to ensure the results of our method. We test our solution in networks with different node densities on several open surfaces. Simulation results show that our method works effectively. It detects boundary nodes more correctly than previous solutions.

Delay/Disruption-Tolerant Networking-based the Integrated Deep-Space Relay Network: State-of-the-Art

Communication with deep-space elements poses significant challenges due to vast distances, orbital motions, and harsh environmental conditions that restrict point-to-point or end-to-end communication. Disruption/Delay-Tolerant Networking (DTNs) is a special kind of computer network architecture, that overcomes the shortcomings of the TCP/IP suite in meeting deep-space networking requirements with intermittent end-to-end connectivity. In DTN, data transmission follows a store-carry-forward approach, where bundles (data) are transferred as custody between relay nodes. This necessitates more complex routing strategies involving additional route computations and network resource consumption but provides greater flexibility for unstable connectivity. This study is an updated literature review in the context of DTN-based deep-space communication. It covers the recent studies that address the architecture of current and future deep-space communication systems, the environmental challenges of deep-space communication, various implementations and demonstrations of DTN's architecture, and the validation of its related routing strategies over the Deep Space Relay network. Additionally, this review explores the integration of machine learning techniques into DTN routing strategies, along with ongoing research directions and open issues in DTN-based DSN. Examining the state-of-the-art literature reveals that developing an intelligent unified n-copy-based forwarding routing scheme holds promise for effectively integrating into deep space communications and achieving optimal networking among the diverse segments of the future unified Interplanetary Internet.

Complicated Dynamical Behaviors of a Geometrical Oscillator with a Mass Parameter

In this paper, we consider a special kind of geometrical nonlinear oscillator with a mass parameter admitting two different dynamical states leading to a double-valued potential energy. A cylindrical manifold is introduced to formulate the equation of motion to describe the distinguished dynamical behaviors. With the help of Hamiltonian, complex bifurcations are demonstrated with varying parameters including periodic solutions, the steady states and the blowing up phenomenon near [Formula: see text] to infinity. A toroidal manifold is introduced to map the infinities into [Formula: see text] on the torus exhibiting saddle-node-like behavior, where the uniqueness of solution is lost, for which a special “collision” parameter is introduced to define the possible motion leaving from infinities. Numerical calculation is carried out to generate bifurcation diagrams using Poincaré sections for the perturbed system to exhibit complex dynamics including the coexistence of periodic solutions, chaos from the coexisting periodic doubling and also instant chaos from the coexisting periodic solutions. The results demonstrated herein this paper provide a brand new insight into the understanding of enriched nonlinear dynamics and an essential explanation about “collision” of mechanical system with both geometrical and mass parameters.