Special Identity Research Articles

S88. GRANDIOSE IDEAS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA: THE ROLE OF OPTIMISM BIAS AND HALLUCINATIONS

BackgroundGrandiose delusions (GDs) are defined as false beliefs about having an inflated worth, power, or a special identity which are firmly sustained despite undeniable evidence to the contrary. GDs have received little attention although it is the second most commonly encountered delusional beliefs (Stompe, et al., 2006). Consequently, there is no intervention program targeting GD and only few studies have explored the psychological processes underpinning GDs. Considering that delusions have an origin in autobiographical memory (Berna et al., 2017) and thus also in how individuals project themselves into the future, the aim of this present study was to explore the role of future projection, sensibility to reward and punishment, and anticipatory pleasure in GDs in schizophrenia (SZ) disorder.Methods133 SZ patients completed measures of positive and negative symptoms, sensibility to reward and punishment, anticipatory pleasure, depression, and an experimental task in which individuals were asked to project themselves into positive, negative and neutral future situations and evaluate to what extent they believed the situation would happen in the future.ResultsFor the first set of analyses (Independent samples test), the sample was divided into two groups according to GD scores. Patients with higher GD scores (PANSS 5 score > 3; High GG M = 4; Low GD M = 1) obtained higher scores on sensibility to reward and self-future projection into positive situations as well as on positive symptoms. No significant differences were found regarding the other measures. Secondly, positive symptoms, sensibility to reward and positive future expectations were entered in the regression analysis. Results showed that hallucinations (B = 0.359, p = 0.0001) and positive future expectations (B = 0.216, p = 0.011) were significantly associated with GD (R2 = 0.317, p = 0.009).DiscussionThis present study showed that sensibility to reward and especially higher optimism bias for the future may be important psychological processes associated with GDs in SZ patients. Optimism bias for the future may play a role in amplifying and reinforcing elated mood built upon pre-existing inflated (or accurate) perceptions of self (Freeman & Garety, 2003). Together with cognitive bias such as jumping to conclusions (Garety et al., 2012), they may provide evidence for the plausibility of GDs. Concerning the association between GDs and hallucinations, it is possible that patients experiencing hallucinations may interpret this phenomenon as a kind of special ability or power, resulting in turn in GDs maintenance.

Transgenders� as Gender Refugees: An Analysis of Faith and Reason in a Technological Age

Transgenders’ as Gender Refugees: An Analysis of Faith and Reason in a Technological Age Michelle Achieng Digolo Nyandong, Gerald Anji Acho Abstract “Then God said, “Let Us (Father, Son, Holy Spirit) make man in Our image, according to Our likeness [not physical, but a spiritual personality and moral likeness]” Genesis 1:26. This Judeo-Christian understanding of the creation of man is being challenged by Transgenders? and their desire to change their gender from that which was assigned to them at birth. For long man has looked at two genders, male and female but transgendered people challenge this narrative by proposing an alternate gender. One which is more fluid and not limited to sexuality. With technological advancements in the medical field, Gen 1: 27 raises disturbing questions. Could transgenders also be made in the image and likeness of God or are they gender outlaws? As human beings we all possess the special identity of image of God. This article therefore, grapples with the question of God?s action of making human beings in His own image and likeness in relation to the technological crisis that has advanced sex change and hormonal treatments. Inspired by the works of Brendan Sweetman, Pope John Paul II and Scott Appleby, this paper challenges Christians to go out of their comfort zone and embrace transgenders as individuals like them. Individuals with dignity. Individuals with the same Heavenly Father such as them. It proposes respect for peace especially in the church by being, militants for peace. Full Text: PDF DOI: 10.15640/jgpc.v6n2a2

Feasibility Analysis and “Alienated” Expression of Qu Qiubai’s View of Happiness

It has both theoretical and practical significance on the study of Qu Qiubai’s heart path from the perspective of happiness. So the key points of this thesis are the existence of Qu Qiubai’s view of happiness, the necessity of the research and the foresight of its development. On the basis of previous research, the study eventually forms a prospective analysis of the relevant research and the conclusion of the existence of Qu Qiubai’s “alienated” happiness. “Alienated” happiness is a kind of happy expression which has the characteristics of Chinese traditional Taoist theory. It is not only a kind of happy attribute, but also a form of happy practice. Qu Qiubai’s “alienated” happiness is attributed to the special identity and temperament of his “scholar leader”, which is formed in the elastic wisdom that his alienation is consciously transformed into the pursuit power and the catalytic element.

Semangat dan Militansi Keislaman Kaum Muda di Ruang Publik

This study examines the dynamics of university students in fighting for their aspiration to uphold Islam in the public sphere. For their presence, mosque and campuses become their ideological base camp and Islamic thought. Islam and young people have become a special identity that negotiates with modernity. This study aims to provide a critical view on the prolongation of youth in understanding the reality of Islam in the public sphere, affected by the social and political situation in Indonesia during the New Order and post-reform era. In addition, it would provide a perspective on the identity of young people who take Islamic symbols in promoting for their ideation into the public sphere Yogyakarta City is selected as fieldwork location because the progressiveness of youth and Islam is increasing, and as the city of education centre Yogyakarta plays a role in transforming the Islamic culture of a new model for young people.

THE IDENTITY OF BUGIS-MAKASSAR CULTURE IN MARRIAGE- DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF UANG PANAI’ FILM

Every culture and nation has a wisdom and special identity. Indonesia has many ethnics which is spreaded from Sabang to Merauke. One of the biggest ethnics is Bugis-Makassar located in South Sulawesi province. Culture of Marriage on this ethnic is different with other ethnic. Before marriage, there are many traditions that should be involved. One of them is Uang Pana’i where two family, both brides and grooms’ family, set the amount of money that the groom family should give to the bride family as "uang panai' ".in this time, the function of the tradition have changed as shape of one's wealth to show their status in society. Researcher tried to reveal a shift in this tradition. Researcher used discourse analysis to reveal it. The Object used in this research is a film entitle " Uang Panai' " Mahar (L). The meaning of Mahar is dowry and the meaning of mahal is expensive. Actually "Uang Panai' " is not like Mahar. There is different between them, but generally people do not know about that. In this film we know how about " Uang Panai' " have influence in society and impact to their life. There are some things that explain that Uang Panai is used as a tool to show a person's prestige to show that they are more deserving of higher honors than others. The higher the level of education, degree, and social status then the money given as " Uang panai' " must also be greater. This is part of the unwritten rule. A consideration is needed to minimize the consequences of the high "Uang Panai'" desired by the bride family.

Food in Captivity: Experiences of Women in Indian Prisons

This article demonstrates how prison food is controlled by the state through denying female prisoners’ choices in food consumption and excluding them from active roles in cooking. Narratives of women in three prisons of India have been used to analyze their experiences with prison food. A majority of inmates perceived food as negatively affecting their health during imprisonment. Some were found to use it as a medium to recreate special identities for themselves, contesting the power of the prison. The study suggests the need for better articulation of the intricate relationship between power, health, and food in Indian prison settings.

A Comparative Study Concerning Airlines Logos

This paper is a study concerning the design of airlines logos all over the world, that is, what symbols, signs and colours are used to create this special identity. This study, which was realised on a hundred airlines, revealed interesting facts related to the main principles that govern the logo design. We were interested to see if special drawings that express a company are related to the represented country, because we found a lot of similarity in this. In the centre of the study was the logo, as an important graphic element to identify an airline company. We identified the typology of logos, known as iconic, logotype and complex logos. This paper is a plea for this wonderful graphic element, that is, the Logo. Keywords: Airline, logo design, typology, symbol, logotype.

TEXT AS MEDIA, MATERIAL, AND LEARNING RESOURCES OF LITERATION TO DEVELOP A STUDENT CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY INSIDE THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONS

In literacy learning, the text has multiple roles. Many teachers worry about text positions in literacy learning. The text acts as a learning medium if it works directly as a messenger of learning that makes students easier to learn. For that purpose, the text needs to be modified, manipulated, and given a special identity in accordance with the interests of learning. The text acts as a learning material if the text serves as an object learned in learning. In order for the text to serve as a learning material, the text needs to be identified, analyzed, and interpreted in accordance with the learning objectives. The text also serves as a learning resource if the text serves as the source of the content of the material learned in the study. For this purpose, the text reveals its original form without any changes and treatment. Regardless of the role of the text in learning, the text can function to develop students' critical thinking skills so they can welcome and play a role in nation building. In order for the text to have a role it can train students to think critically; the form, treatment, and function of the text need to be differentiated.

معجم الألفاظ ذات الدلالة الاجتماعية في كتابي"البيان والتبيين" و"الحيوان

The Arabic language can be viewed as individual phenomenon and social phenomenon. As individual phenomenon, language is considered as special identity of human. It is human specific because only human who has the ability to do verbal language. As for social phenomenon, language is a convention of society as the owner and user of that language. Therefore, in Arabic language, there are some mu’jam such as mu’jam alfadz which has related meaning to the society including lafad (word) which is associated with the meaning of social, political, economic, knowledge and etc. This research tried to study about types of mu’jam alfadz that have meaning that is related to the society comprehensively and in detail, hopefully, it can give integrative understanding especially for Arabic language teachers.

Framing and Identity: How Mainland and Taiwan Media Represent Terrorist Attacks in China?

Loss of identity is a leading cause of terrorism and a common bewilderment of Mainland China and Taiwan. Cutting into the research by the news representation of Chinese terrorism incidents, this paper discusses a special identity issue in a special identity history. This paper adopts mixed methods, which are constructed by content analysis, framing discourses and frequency statistics. 111 pieces of related news are selected and doubly-coded into both “identity package” and “news framing”. The results show that the news representations inter-connect with the coexisting identity and confrontation between Mainland China and Taiwan.

The Dynamic of Betawi in Colors

Color is no longer a small issue; it is one of the very important for artistic Workers. In daily life, using color is very common and rarely to be observed or pursued deeply, because color as a one ofthe design element was more digested and processed by feeling, not of thought, so often considered something unimportant. Color is a lot and often used for aesthetic and communication. Without realizing it, color gives special identity to certain things in time, place, and situation ofits own. Although widely used in daily life practically, color has symbolic and decorative characteristic in Indonesia, especially in Jakarta. These colors become characteristic in every performance ofculture and art in Jakarta (Betawi). Betawi have a unique typical codification color that reflects the characteristic ofBetawi‘s life, however by the presence ofmassive urbanization in Jakarta, then changed Betawi culture including codification of colors. This research find out how Betawi gives the typical color naming and its relationship with the social cultural circumstance of the moment. And the result also expected to introduction of Betawi color in particular, and also to build a Betawi atmosphere for purposing related to interior, products, and environment.Key words: color naming, Betawi, culture

Topological solitons in the Skyrme–Faddeev spinor model and quantum mechanics

We discuss the 16-spinor field realization of the Skyrme–Faddeev chiral model of baryons and leptons as topological solitons. The main idea behind this paper consists in unifying the approaches suggested by Skyrme and Faddeev for the description of baryons and leptons, respectively, by using the special 8-semispinor identity invented by the Italian geometrician F. Brioschi. A peculiar property of this unified model is the necessity of generalizing the Einstein gravitational theory by including the Kretschmann invariant (i.e., the Riemann curvature tensor squared) in the Lagrangian through a special structure of the Higgs potential, implying spontaneous symmetry breaking. This fact reveals two consequences. The first one concerns an essential role of higher derivatives of the metric tensor at small distances (strong gravity), and the second one concerns the behavior of the model at large distances implying a correspondence with quantum mechanics. We consider axially symmetric states in the lepton and baryon sectors and demonstrate a method of calculating topological charges. We also give a definition of the wave function for extended particles—solitons in a special stochastic representation, which is illustrated by T. Young’s famous experiment with n slits and also by the spin–statistics correlation as a natural consequence of this representation.

Mass generation and the problem of seagull divergences

The gluon mass generation is a purely non-perturbative effect, and the natural framework to study it in the continuum are the Schwinger-Dyson equations (SDEs) of the theory. At the level of the SDEs the generation of such a mass is associated with the existence of infrared finite solutions for the gluon propagator. From the theoretical point of view, the dynamical gluon mass generation has been traditionally plagued with seagull divergences. In this work, we will review how such divergences can be eliminated completely by virtue of a characteristic identity, valid in dimensional regularization. As a pedagogical example, we will first discuss in the context of scalar QED how it is possible to eliminate all seagull divergences, by triggering the aforementioned special identity, which enforces the masslessness of the photon. Then, we will discuss what happens in QCD and present an Ansatz for the three gluon vertex, which completely eliminates all seagull divergences and at same time allows for the possibility of a dynamical gluon mass generation.

Motherhood: A Narrative from the Perspective of Organizational Life

The paper attempts to explore and narrate the emerging issues of motherhood from the perspective of mothers who are professional managers working in private and public sector. The paper has tried to fathom in the intricate relationship between the processes of motherhood and management; to reveal power relationship structures of mothering and managing; and to correlate the issues of work outside home, domestic work-sharing, and family-size with the management process from the organizational point of view. The universe of study has comprised women managers and administrators who have been mothers from few private and public sector business organizations in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. The study has revealed the stressful and straining conditions of mothers in professional life due to make the most out of their professional life both in private and public life. Mother-managers have been trying to make the most of their professional life with a special identity as mother-manager and strike a balance between private mother-life and public managerial-life.

Flower pattern formation of orchids: Case studies with respect to ABCDE model

Orchids are known for their beautiful flowers with specialized organ identity and pattern formation. Genetic models for pattern formation of flowers are well established in actinomorphic flowers like Arabidopsis. However, the orchid flowers show zygomorphic symmetry and contain a highly differentiated labellum or lip. Besides, there is no marked difference in terms of structures of sepals and petals in many cases. The stamens and carpels are fused and form the column or gynostemium with anther cap containing pollinia at top. Few models like ‘Orchid code theory’, ‘Homeotic Orchid Tepal (HOT) model’, ‘P-code model’ etc. have been proposed recently to explain genetic control of flower patterning in orchids. We have studied the suitability of those proposed models with some spontaneous bud variants as well as somaclonal variants showing alteration of floral organ patterns of all the flowers in the spike. The basic model of flower development with some alteration was found suitable in case of Cymbidium. Occurrence of structural male sterility due to mutation in B class homeotic gene in Cymbidium is also reported for the first time. The “P-code” model of perianth formation in orchids was found to be applicable for the recorded peloric mutants of Phalaenopsis. Few other variants of Eria tomentosa, Epidendrum sp. and Arundina graminifolia are also reported here. Whether all these changes are due to alteration of gene sequences or epigenetic mutations, needs to be verified in details.

Shakespeare and the Performance of Girlhood by Deanne Williams

Deanne Williams. Shakespeare and Performance of Girlhood. London and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014. 296 pp. $105. In her new book Deanne Williams helps to amend traditional belief that medieval and early modern English families placed little value on girls. Indeed, while girls were certainly victimized within early modern patriarchal social structures, many enjoyed affectionate relationships with their kin. Girls were also productive, necessary members of domestic economies and, at times, at least minimally educated. More specifically, Williams corrects what seems to be an unbelievable omission: a total lack of lengthy academic studies on in William Shakespeare's plays. Although billed as a book on Shakespeare, half of Williams's work here draws connections to other early modern professional playwrights and, importantly, girls who wrote pieces for performance, placing Shakespeare's work within a broader early modern conversation. Although she insists on unique place of girls in early modern theatre culture, Williams provocatively suggests expanding the figure of and subject of girlhood in order to make both relevant beyond limits of gender as well as age, accessible to boys and men, all while preserving a sense of as a special identity for women, an identity that need not be considered temporary and that need not be forsaken as part of a healthy development into adulthood (14). Even as Williams marks out a space for as special and worthy of consideration, she productively suggests that flexible connotations of term allow for a range of readings in dramatic work. Importantly, Williams draws attention to sixteenth century as a period in which girl began to refer solely to a female child. During medieval period, girl could be used to describe a child of either sex. The term could imply expected qualities of sweetness and innocence in an early modern female child, but it also carried connotations of eroticization and sex work, a point confirmed by contemporary dictionaries and their inclusion of terms such as harlot and trull as synonyms for girl (5). Shakespeare's plays appeared at a moment gendered identity attached to girls was in flux, especially given early modern practice of having boy actors play girls' and women's roles. Working with plasticity in term girl encourages a more complicated understanding of Shakespeare's characters, however. Take Joan of Arc's position in Henry VI, Part 1, for example: Joan la Pucelle (pucelle another term that simultaneously carries connotations of innocence and experience) is given moniker girl at two points in play. One of references to character as a girl can be found as York and Warwick debate merits of Joan's pregnancy claim, a conversation that supports Williams's sense of term as both virginal and sexualized for early modern mind (24). A consideration of this sexual duality and gendered uncertainty inherent in word girl allows for a broader, more engaging reading of often androgynous Joan's relationship to men and to larger structures of authority. Shakespeare includes term approximately sixty-eight times across his various works, usually in moments when a character's relationship to authority is complicated or troubled, according to Williams, who sees playwright's use of girl shift within larger changes in his social milieu (3, 4). In her initial discussion of Shakespearean texts, Williams attaches keywords to specific characters, keywords also selected from each respective play. Silvia is perverse in The Two Gentlemen of Verona, while The Taming of Shrews Kate is froward, and Romeo and Juliet's heroine is wayward (43). All three terms are associated with religious disruption and upheaval, a point that Williams opens up in somewhat limited ways. …

Татары-мусульмане и новокрещены в Новгородской земле: формирование и функционирование малой социальной группы (конец XVI – начало XVII в.)

The article uses the prosopographical method to examine the history of Muslim and newly-baptised Tatars in Novgorod after 1550. 418 biographies were studied. The main sources were documents from the Razryad (service lists) and Pomestny Prikaz (land chancellery): local Novgorod court records also furnished further information. The history of the Novgorod Tartars began in the 1550s, when groups from Astrakhan and Kazan were settled in the eastern part of Novgorod region (Sugletsa and Udomlya districts). As they served the tsar, they received landed estates in Novgorod that were populated with Orthodox peasants. Between 1550 and 1611, different Muslim groups were transferred to Novgorod from Azov, the Crimea, and Bukhara; these groups maintained special identities for a long time. The conversion of Muslims to Orthodoxy is focused upon in this article: the process was slow, but the predominance of Orthodoxy in the region gradually induced local Tartar groups to accept baptism. In 1605, there were 197 newly-baptised Tartars and 48 Muslims. After the Time of Troubles, the differences between the various groups of Tartars disappeared. Most of the Tartars lost their landed estates and started to serve for food and salary; nonetheless, this special group of Novgorodian servicemen continued to exist until the Great Northern War.

Revisiting the Sermon on the Mount: Some Major Issues

Without disregarding the value of a diachronic approach, priority is given to a synchronic understanding of the Sermon on the Mount in its present form. Emphasis on diachronics, or even a shuttling between the diachronic and the synchronic, tends to cloud the holistic message that the Sermon was intended to convey to its real-world Syriac audience. The situation of that audience and its bearing on the content of the Sermon on the Mount are discussed. Compositional and thematic aspects of the Sermon are highlighted, such as its position within the macro-structure of Matthew, the author’s predilection for triads, the inner structure and theme of the Sermon. It is proposed that the basic theme of the Sermon on the Mount is the very special identity of Jesus’s end-time community and that its main purpose is the shaping and affirming of that identity. Contrary to the normal view that there are presently nine beatitudes, stylistic as well as contentual considerations indicate that the so-called ninth beatitude is in reality an actualising and personalising amplification of the eighth. Aspects of the antitheses such as their significance, the Jesus of the antitheses, and, finally, the Lord’s Prayer also receive attention.

The Primal, the Abstracted and the Foreign: Composing for the Voice

While I love the voice and have used it often in my work, it has always been very difficult for me to write for it. In this essay, I try to work through some of the reasons for this difficulty. Some of the main characteristics of the voice—its fixed identity, the fact that it communicates on an instinctive level, the urgency of speech's semantic level, and the primal function of song as a collective place for the sharing of emotions—give the voice it is very special identity, importance, and urgency. We listen from inside our body. This makes the voice and ‘instrument' that is much more powerful than any other. While it contains an endless range of expressions, the voice is so strongly contextualized that it is difficult to transform, abstract, or radically individualize. It is hard to escape the immediate signature of its unique identity. In six ‘interventions,' I present six attempts at rethinking my automatic impulses with regard to the voice, addressing a different fixated area in each instance. The paper closes with a perspective on my work with the voice today, in which the development of earlier approaches crystallizes into a poetic proposition where the sound of the breath is an equal partner to that of the voice. This encourages the release of the nodes of our vocal fixation, and might uncover the possibility of an even stronger mutation.

The Electoral History of the Post-Soviet Crimea: from UkSSR to Russia

Abstract: One year ago, the referendum was held in the Ukrainian autonomous republic of Crimea which resulted in the peninsula becomino part of Russia. This article discusses all Crimean voting, including referendums and elections: from the first referendum in the history of the Soviet Union in January 1991, to the last election to the State Council of the Republic of Crimea within the Russian Federation in September 2014. For each vote, except for the regional elections, the average results of the main candidates are presented in the Crimea and in Ukraine. Sevastopol always has particular identity and special administrative status of the city, regardless of the sovereign center title (Moscow or Kyiv). That`s why we give the data for Sevastopol in addition to the Crimea for each vote. The author analyzes the voting results and compares them with those in other south-eastern regions of Ukraine. A special Crimean identity postulates in this case and changing of regional political trends in Ukraine in the mid-2000s are given. After 2002, Donetsk and Luhansk regions provided 70-100% of support to ”Party of Regions“ and its leader. While their main rivals always received minimum points from the Donbass. Crimea and Sevastopol were always in second position supporting the ruling party until the end of their Ukrainian history. For a visual comparison of the difference in votes of the Crimea, Sevastopol and the whole Ukraine, the author offers the original graph. In addition, the article focuses on the results and sociological basis of the last Crimean referendum held in March 2014. On the one hand its procedure creates many questions: the lack of equality in the agitation, the presence of paramilitaries, the vote in the absence of actual voter lists, etc. On the other hand, there are, at least, 4 researches of Ukrainian and American sociological services, according to which the sovereignty of Russia is a real value perceived by the majority of Crimea and Sevastopol citizens.