Spearman's Rho Test Research Articles

From the simulation lab to the operating room: simulation performance predicts intraoperative performance in robotic gastrojejunostomy.

Simulation and video-based assessment (VBA) offer residents the opportunity to develop operative skills while ensuring patient safety. This study aims to determine whether simulation training can predict residents' operative performance, focusing on the gastrojejunal (GJ) anastomosis during robotic pancreatoduodenectomy. Twenty-seven general surgery residents completed simulated robotic GJ drills and subsequently performed GJs in the operating room (OR). Both simulated and intraoperative performances were video recorded and retrospectively assessed by two blinded graders using the Objective Structural Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) scale, time to completion, and occurrence of errors. Intraoperative GJ OSATS scores were compared in cases with and without Clinically Relevant Delayed Gastric Emptying (CRDGE). Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman's rho, Chi-square, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. For simulated GJs, the median OSATS score was 29 (IQR 27-33), time to completion was 30min (IQR 27-35), and 11 cases had at least one error. Intraoperative GJs had a median OSATS of 30 (IQR 27-31), time to completion of 41min (IQR 36-51), and errors occurred in nine cases.The OSATS score on the simulated GJs demonstrated a significant positive correlation to the OSATS score on the operative GJs (r = 0.74; p < 0.001) and less time to completion (r = - 0.68; p < 0.001). A shorter simulated GJ completion time significantly correlated with a higher intraoperative OSATS score (r = - 0.52; p < 0.01). Residents with at least one error in the simulated GJs had lower OSATS scores and higher times intraoperatively. Those cases with CRDGE had significantly lower intraoperative OSATS scores than those without CRDGE. Performance on a simulated robotic GJ environment is a robust predictor of OR GJ performance, demonstrating predictive validity. VBA of residents' operative GJ performance is associated with the presentation of CRDGE. Simulation-based training may be crucial to optimizing surgical outcomes before operating on patients.

Hubungan Dukungan Psikososial dengan Proses Penyembuhan Luka Gangren Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Klinik Ibnu Sina Sejahtera Jenggawah

Gangrenous wounds are a chronic complication in diabetes mellitus patients. Gangrene is dead tissue that is slightly black in color and has a distinctive odor due to the presence of bacteria. Gangrene not only has a physical impact on the patient, but also has an impact on his psychosocial life. This study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of the psychosocial support of patients with gangrene wounds in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The design of this research is correlational which aims to reveal the relationship between psychosocial support and the healing process of gangrene wounds in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at the Ibnu Sina Clinic Sejahtera Jenggawah and uses a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who had gangrenous wounds at the Ibnu Sina Sejahtera Jenggawah Clinic with a sample of 33 respondents. The sampling technique uses total sampling. The results of research using the Spearman Rho Test showed that the p value was 0.001 with a calculated r value of 0.563 in the strong correlation category and the direction of the correlation was positive, which means that the better the psychosocial support, the better the wound healing process for the patient. Every patient with gangrenous wounds is expected to receive various kinds of support, including psychosocial support. Based on this, the patient's family should provide psychosocial support in order to speed up the wound healing process.

Hubungan Neuropati Diabetikum dengan Kualitas Tidur Pada Pengidap DM Tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Baladhika Husada Jember

Diabetic neuropathy is a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus which is caused by lesions or nerve dysfunction in the lower extremities due to chronic hyperglycemia through peripheral and central mechanisms which can cause symptoms of tingling, numbness, numbness, pain, burning sensation, etc. sleep, thus affecting the sleep quality of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This aim is to analyze the relationship between diabetic neuropathy and sleep quality in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Baladhika Husada Hospital, Jember. This research uses a correlation research design with a Cross-Sectional Study approach with a sample size of 43 respondents taken using the Pusposive Sampling technique. The statistical test results for diabetic neuropathy with sleep quality using the Spearman Rho test showed that the p value was 0.002 and r = 0.456, which means that diabetic neuropathy has a sufficient relationship with sleep quality. There is a negative relationship between diabetic neuropathy and the sleep quality of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, so it can be said that increasing the severity of diabetic neuropathy will also affect the sleep quality of sufferers. The results of this research can be used as a guide for sufferers of type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic neuropathy to increase self-awareness in paying attention to lifestyle, maintaining diet, and routinely controlling medication in health services, in order to reduce the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy so as to improve the quality of sleep of sufferers.

The relationship between upper cross syndrome posture and shoulder disability

Background: Crossfit is a high-intensity sport that has the potential for injury risk. Upper cross syndrome posture increases muscle tension in the upper region, resulting in pressure on the neck and shoulders, pain, numbness, and decreased body function. This research aimed to determine the relationship between upper cross syndrome posture and shoulder functionality among cross fitter in Bali. Methods: The study was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted from November 2023 to February 2024 with the main target population for this study being CrossFit practitioners at Crossfit Bali who experienced upper cross syndrome posture. The exclusion criterion is a history of a shoulder injury. The sample size was 50 people who had upper cross syndrome posture. This study used purposive sampling and the measurement of upper cross syndrome posture was used the REEDCO posture test Tragus to Wall test and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. Results: It was found that 35 people had forward heads, 30 people had rounded shoulders, 33 people had uneven shoulders, and 8 people had tilted heads. Results of the decrease in functional shoulder using the SPADI test showed a mild decrease in 47 people (94%) and a moderate decrease in 3 people (6%). Results of the correlation test with the Spearman rho test, which is 0.647, it is stated the results are not related. Conclusion: There was no relationship between upper cross syndrome and functional shoulders in CrossFit in Bali.

Usefulness of the Kansas University Standing Balance Scale in inpatient rehabilitation: a retrospective validation study.

Adequate balance assessment is essential for designing rehabilitation programs and preventing falls. This study aimed to report the cross-cultural adaptation of the Korean version of the Kansas University Standing Balance Scale (KUSBS), investigate its concurrent and predictive validities, and examine aging-related differences. The adaptation was performed using a standard protocol. In this retrospective study, 1179 patients were included and classified into adult, young-old, old-old, and oldest-old groups. Furthermore, we compared the concurrent, discriminant, and predictive validities of the KUSBS and Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Nonparametric analysis was also conducted. The Spearman rho test revealed strong correlation coefficients between the KUSBS and BBS (r s > 0.7; P < 0.001). At admission, the relationship was strong in the adult, young-old, and old-old groups (r s = 0.931, 0.913, and 0.914, respectively; P < 0.001) but not the oldest-old group (r s = 0.790; P < 0.001). At discharge, the correlation coefficients were above 0.9 in all groups. Additionally, the relationship between the changes in both scales was moderate-to-strong (r s > 0.68; P < 0.001). The predictive validity for independent walking of the KUSBS was strong (r s = 0.791; P < 0.001) and significantly lower than that of the BBS (r s = 0.833; P < 0.001; Z = -3.001; P = 0.003). Furthermore, the cutoff value of the KUSBS at admission to predict independent ambulatory walkers at discharge was 3.5 in ordinal ranking in all age groups. The KUSBS is a reliable and effective tool for measuring balance in patients in inpatient rehabilitation.

Evaluation of Soluble P-selectin in Patients with Venous Thrombosis – An Observational Study

Background: Venous thrombosis is a common life-threatening disorder and is a significant source of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. This study aims to evaluate soluble P-selectin (sP-Sel) and to correlate with D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) in venous thrombosis patients. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study includes 144 subjects, with cases (100) as duplex scan positive, Control A (22) includes age matched with no signs of inflammation, and Control B (22) with age matched with signs of inflammation and duplex scan negative. The severity of venous thrombosis is assessed by Well’s score. The statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel, GraphPad Prism version 9.4.1 (681), and MedCalC 20.114. Normality for all the variables in controls and cases was checked. The data were expressed as the median (interquartile range). Comparison between groups was made using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Post hoc analysis was conducted using Dunn’s multiple comparison tests. Quantitative correlation of data was done using Spearman rho test. Receiver operating characteristics curves were constructed to assess the diagnostic performance of sP-Sel, and cutoff value was established. Linear and logistic regression analyses were also performed to predict the disease outcome. Results: In the study, controls have more females, but cases turned out to be more in males may be due to additional risk factors such as smoking and alcohol associated with diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The D-dimer (ng/mL) levels were compared in Control A, B, and cases, and the values were 67.5 (36–107), 135 (101–264), and 1309 (750–2390) ng/mL, respectively, and were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.0001). The sP-Sel (ng/mL) were compared in Control A, B, and cases; the values were 7.59 (7.150–10.64), 7.84 (7.0–11.87), and 19.64 (12.95–33.29), respectively, and were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.0001). Based on the Well’s score, the cases were categorized into having low disease probability, moderate probability, and high probability, and the sP-Sel is high in cases with high probability and is statistically significant. Based on CRP (mg/L) positive (&gt;6 mg/L) or negative (&lt;6 mg/L), the D-dimer was statistically significant with CRP positive group, i.e. 2900 (1643–4159). sP-Sel at a cutoff of &gt;14.29 (ng/mL) showed a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 81.8% positively predicting the diagnosis of venous thrombosis and D-dimer at a cutoff of &gt;367 ng/mL with a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 95.45% is positively predicting the diagnosis of venous thrombosis. When multilinear regression analysis was performed D-dimer (ng/mL) and Well’s score were positively associated with sP-Sel (ng/mL) in cases of venous thrombosis. Logistic regression analysis is applied sP-Sel (ng/mL), D-dimer (ng/mL), Well’s score, and smoking came out as the positive predictor for the occurrence of venous thrombosis. Conclusion: D-dimer and Well’s scores are positively associated with sP-Sel and help to diagnose venous thrombosis.

Supporting factors for the implementation of congenital hypothyroid screening Programme in Neonatus at Sonraen Health Centre

Background: The global prevalence of hypothyroidism is estimated to be around 1:3,000–4,000 in newborns. Hypothyroidism in Indonesia was 1:12,724 in 2022. The first congenital hypothyroid screening program was implemented in 2000. Congenital hypothyroid screening was rated in 2018 (4.60%) and 2022 (2.3%). Kupang district implemented it in 2023 (6.4%). This study aims to analyze and determine the implementation factors of the congenital hypothyroid screening program at Sonraen Health Centre, Kupang Regency. Methods: quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The sample size was 62 respondents, with total sampling and a questionnaire as research instruments. Analysis techniques include bivariate with chi-square, Spearman Rho tests, and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The successful implementation of the congenital hypothyroid screening program in 2023 at the Sonraen Health Centre was 28.7%. Based on bivariate analysis obtained for competence (p = &lt;0.001), training (p = 0.012), health human resources (p = 0.019), budget (p = 0.319), logistics (p = &lt;0.001), SOP (p =&lt;0.001), recording and reporting (p = 1,000). Based on multivariate analysis, competence had a risk of 25.429, and SOP had a risk of 10.801 times the implementation of congenital hypothyroid screening. Conclusion: Program achievement is far from the target. It appears that competence, training, human resources, logistics availability, and SOP are support factors in the implementation of congenital hypothyroid screening. However, the most dominant factor is competence.

Influence of The Social Environment on Student Learning Outcomes at Nagasari III Elementary School

Background: Student learning outcomes are one of the main indicators of the success of an education. Environment is a factor that affects the growth and development of living things. There are three places within the scope of the social environment, namely the family environment, the school environment, and the community environment. Research Metodes: This research design uses cross-sectional with a sample of 35 respondents. Data analysis used Spearman's rho test and t test, to determine the correlation of variables and significant influence. Results: There is no significant relationship between the two variables with a significant value (0.242 &lt; 0.05). And there is no influence on the two variables with the value of tcount &lt; ttable (-1.193 &lt; 2.034). Conclusion: There is no significant relationship and influence between social environment and student learning outcomes.

Exploring Key Determinants of Trail Run Athlete’s Preparedness to Perform Pre-Hospital First Aid for Ankle Sprain

Trail runs have a high risk of injury like ankle sprains. Proper ankle sprain first aid requires preparedness to prevent more serious danger and ensure its success in the pre-hospital setting. This study aimed to explore key determinants of trail run athletes’ preparedness to perform pre-hospital first aid for ankle sprain using the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model theory. The research method used a descriptive correlational which approached cross-sectionally. The research recruited 120 trail run athletes of two professional clubs who were selected by simple random sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires. The variables measured were knowledge, belief, value, attitude, and confidence. Bivariate analysis used chi-square and spearman-rho tests. Multivariate analysis used a logistic regression test. All of the statistical analyses used α = 0,05. The research results show that half of the respondents was 18 – 35 years old. The factors correlated to the trail run preparedness to perform pre-hospital first aid for ankle sprain was as follows. The majority had a medium level of knowledge (54,2%) and a significance level of p = 0.000. Similar trends were found between belief, value, and confidence in which there were no low levels of those variables with the same significance value of p = 0.000. Lastly, respondent’s percentages of attitudes were almost equally distributed between negative (45%) and positive (66%) with a significance level of p = 0,000. In multivariate analysis, all the variables had p-values &lt; 0,05. The OR was as follows, knowledge 14,713; belief 77,919; value 27,554; attitude 7,213; and confidence 12,408. The conclusion is found that knowledge, belief, value, attitude, and confidence were significantly correlated with the athlete’s preparedness Together all variables were correlated significantly to the athlete’s preparedness to perform pre-hospital first aid for ankle sprain. In conclusion, to improve athlete safety during trail runs is by improving the preparedness for any adverse event including trail runs. All of the factors could increase preparedness, but some factors resulted in higher preparedness. The factors that have more effect on preparedness than the others are belief and value.

Analyzing the effectiveness of graduate competencies at the Polytechnic University of Zacatecas

This article discusses the results of the evaluation of graduates' competencies from the UPZ academic programs, taking into account the opinions and perceptions of employers or companies. The present research reviews the literature on the concept of competency and its dimensions, establishes study variables, describes the methodology used, and presents the results through statistical techniques such as Spearman's Rho, Mann-Whitney U, and KolmogorovSmirnov tests. Together, these techniques allow for an understanding of the achieved results and contribute to the improvement of educational quality.

La imagen y el posicionamiento de marca en los clientes de un restaurante de Trujillo

Brand image and brand positioning are critical aspects for the success of a restaurant. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between brand image and brand positioning in the customers of a restaurant, Trujillo, 2023. A quantitative research approach was used, of an applied type, with a correlational level and a non-experimental design; the survey was used as a research technique, with its instrument the questionnaire applied to a convenience sample made up of 60 customers of the restaurant, defined under a non-probabilistic sampling. The results according to Spearman's Rho test show a very strong positive correlation (0.910) between the variables brand image and brand positioning, with a bilateral significance level of (0.000). It is concluded that the higher the brand image, the higher the brand positioning among the restaurant's customers.

KORELASI FAMILY EMPOWERMENT DENGAN SELF-MANAGEMENT PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE II DI KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that cannot be cured and requires lifelong treatment, therefore assistance or support from the family will help clients in improving diabetes mellitus control management. This research aims to determine the correlation between family empowerment and Self-Management in patients with a history of type II diabetes mellitus in Tulungagung Regency. This research was quantitative research with a cross-sectional survey method. The research instrument used the Family Empowerment Scale (FES) and The Diabetes Self-Management (DSMQ) questionnaire to determine self-management. The sampling method was carried out using a purposive technique, resulting in a sample size of 320 respondents. The independent variable was family empowerment (X) while the dependent variable was Self-Management (Y). Based on the Spearman rho test results, the ρ value = 0.000 &lt; 0.05, meaning that there was a relationship between family empowerment and Self-Management in patients with a history of type II diabetes mellitus in Tulungagung Regency. With a correlation coefficient value of r = 0.7, it can be concluded that the strength of the relationship is strong. The direction of the relationship is linear (+), which means that the better the level of family empowerment obtained by DM sufferers, the better the level of Self-Management possessed by the respondent. Based on these results, can be used as consideration for related parties to improve the Self-Management of DM sufferers through providing family empowerment. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus; Family-Empowerment; Self-Management

The Role of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D and Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP) Serum in Knee Osteoarthritis

Background. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent disease of the musculoskeletal system that affects over 528 million individuals worldwide, with 73% of those diagnosed being aged 55 or older. The knee joint is most commonly affected, along with the hip and hand joints. Vitamin D is essential for maintaining bone and cartilage metabolism. In chondrocytes, the presence of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) regulates the expression of metalloproteinase. The purpose of this investigation is to examine the correlation between vitamin D (25(OH)D) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) serum in knee osteoarthritis. Methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted by the Rheumatology Division at RSMH Palembang. Patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis based on the 1990 ACR criteria were included. The chemoluminescent immunoassay and the Human Cartilage Oligometric Matrix Protein ELISA Reagent were used to measure the levels of vitamin D (25(OH)D) and COMP serum. Results. Thirty participants took part in this study from July to December 2022. According to this study, 33% had insufficiency and 67% had a deficiency of vitamin D. Spearman's Rho test shows that there is a strong negative correlation between vitamin D (25(OH)D) and COMP serum. Conclusion. Vitamin D (25(OH)D) and COMP serum levels were significantly correlated in knee osteoathritis.

Stress and Quality of Life in Caregivers of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Background and Objectives: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Individuals with multiple sclerosis may require daily care and support from caregivers due to the disease's progressive and unpredictable nature. However, the role of caregiving is not without its challenges, and caregivers themselves often face significant repercussions in terms of their quality of life, mental health, and stress levels. Our study aims to investigate the level of stress caregivers experience in their everyday life and the way stress affects their quality of life. Materials and Methods: We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study from 11 November 2023 to 20 March 2024 in healthcare units in Western Greece. All 96 participants were adult caregivers of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). We assessed caregivers' quality of life and stress levels using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey and Kingston Caregiver Stress Scale, respectively. Non-parametric tests (Spearman's rho test, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests) were used to identify possible correlations between the aforementioned scales and between stress levels and caregiver characteristics. Results: Caregivers reported high stress, with an average KCSS score of 36.82 ± 0.851. The mean SF-36 physical component summary score (PCS) was 59.59 ± 2.77, whereas the mental component summary score (MCS) was 45.69 ± 2.32. Stress levels in the KCSS were negatively correlated with both PCS and MCS of SF-36 and female gender, education level, monthly income, limits of mobility, and patient's level of dependence were associated with higher levels of stress. Conclusions: Stress was found to be negatively connected with caregivers' quality of life, affecting both physical and mental health. Female caregivers, caregivers with a primary education level and a low monthly income, and caregivers of patients with serious illnesses who rely primarily on daily help were the most affected.

BASIC LIVING AID TRAINING IMPROVES KNOWLEDGE AND READINESS TO HELP ONLINE OJEK DRIVERS IN COSTAL AREAS

Cardiac arrests have occurred very frequently in recent times, but not all members of the public can recognize the signs and symptoms and how to treat them. A heart attack is an emergency condition and requires quick and immediate action to prevent death. Proper education in early recognition of symptoms and how to treat them is very important because the time needed to take a patient to the hospital is often a problem. The aim of community service is to provide education and training to the online motorcycle taxi driver community in providing basic life support. This research design uses analytical observational with a cross sectional approach. The accidental sampling technique obtained 100 online motorcycle taxi drivers in the city of Surabaya. Evaluation measuring tool with questionnaires. Training is given for 2 days with blended learning. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rho Test with significance (ρ ≤ 0.05). The components measured are knowledge and readiness to help From the results, it was found that 56% of online motorcycle taxi drivers had good knowledge, and 44% of drivers had sufficient knowledge. For readiness to help, it was found that 76% of drivers showed very good readiness to help, and 24% of drivers showed sufficient readiness. The results of the Spearman Rho statistical test show a p-value of 0.001 (ρ &lt; 0.05), thus there is significance between the provision of training and the level of knowledge of basic life support and readiness to help among online motorcycle taxi drivers in costal areas of Surabaya. The community plays an important role in helping victims before they are treated by health workers. One part of society that often witnesses incidents on the road is online motorcycle taxi drivers. With good knowledge and readiness to help, it is hoped that community resilience will be formed that is responsive to everyday emergency conditions.

Relationship between work posture and core muscle endurance with lower back disability among farmers: a cross-sectional study

Background: Farmers rely on physical performance for their livelihood, and non-ergonomic working postures can lead to lower back pain, reducing core muscle endurance and resulting in lower back disability. This study examines the relationship between work posture and core muscle endurance with lower back disability among farmers. Methods: This research used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional study. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. The total sample obtained in this study was 106 participants. Data collection included posture assessment using the rapid entire body assessment (REBA), measurement of core muscle endurance using the prone bridge test, and measurement of lower back disability using the modified Oswestry disability index (MODI). The inclusion criteria for this study were farmers aged 26-45 working as farmers in Pancasari Village, Sukasada District, Buleleng Regency. Conversely, the exclusion criteria were the presence of a history of Spearman's rho and a condition of injury that limits the prone bridge test. Furthermore, the obtained data was analyzed using Spearman's rho test. Results: The non-parametric analysis of work posture on lower back disability obtained a p = 0.000 (p &lt; 0.05) and a correlation coefficient of r = 0.849. Core muscle endurance against lower back disability obtained a value of p = 0.000 (p &lt; 0.05) and a correlation coefficient r = -0.825, which is statistically significant that the higher the work posture score of the subject has means the higher incidence of lower back disability and also the higher of core muscle endurance the subject has, mean lower incidence of lower back disability among farmers. Conclusion: Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship, with a high correlation, between work posture and core muscle endurance and the occurrence of lower back disability in farmers.

The relationship between sedentary lifestyle, neck disability, and high blood pressure among bankers

Background: A sedentary lifestyle greatly affects a person's life. Inactive lifestyle changes can result in increased neck disability. Sedentary behavior can also affect vascular, metabolic, and autonomic systems. This study aimed to determine the relationship between a sedentary lifestyle, neck disability, and high blood pressure in bank employees. Methods: The research method used is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach and a sampling technique, namely purposive sampling. The number of samples obtained was 93 samples aged 18-55 years. The independent variable measured was sedentary lifestyle using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) questionnaire. The dependent variables measured were neck disability using the Neck Disability Index (NDI) questionnaire and high blood pressure measured using a sphygmomanometer. Results: Based on the non-parametric Spearman Rho test, a value of p = 0.001 (p &lt; 0.05) was obtained, which showed that there was a significant relationship between a sedentary lifestyle and neck disability and high blood pressure and the value of the correlation coefficient ranging from r = -0.831 to -0.928 and negative values indicating an undirected relationship with a very high level of correlation. Based on the results of multivariate analysis with regression logistic tests showed a significant relationship between a sedentary lifestyle and neck disability and high blood pressure characterized by p values &lt; 0.05. Conclusion: Based on the study's results, there is a negative relationship between a sedentary lifestyle and neck disability and high blood pressure in bank employees. When a sedentary lifestyle shows low measurement results, it will indicate that the individual has a neck disability and high blood pressure.

Hubungan Mekanisme Koping dan Kecemasan Pada Pasien Pra Endoskopi di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam RSUD Raja Ahmad Thabib

Esophagogastroduodenoskopi procedure is an invasive procedure that can cause problems in patients who will undergo it. To overcome anxiety, a coping mechanism is needed. Purpose: This study aims to find out the relationship between coping mechanisms and anxiety levels of Pre Endoschopy patient in the internist unit at Raja Ahmad Thabib Public Hospital. The study method used a correlation analytic design with a cross sectional approach. The number of samples obtained by 32 respondents with the sampling technique used is total sampling. Statistical analysis using the Spearman Rho test with SPSS version 26. The results of this study showed there is a meaningful relationship between coping mechanisms and pre Endoschopy patient in the internist unit at Raja Ahmad Thabib Public Hospital (p =0.001) at signification values of 0.05 and r =- 0.734, indicating that the direction of negative correlation with the strength of strong relationships, so that it can be concluded the more adaptive the coping mechanism then the lower the anxiety level. conclusion The use of proper coping mechanisms in pre esophagogastroduodenos copy patients can lower anxiety level

Nutritional status of toddlers, education level, and habitual hygiene behaviour among mothers in West Java, Indonesia

Background: Malnutrition in toddlers can cause impaired growth and become one of the risk factors for morbidity and mortality. Mothers with a good level of education will affect their ability to select and serve foods with balanced nutrition for toddlers. Meanwhile, maternal hygiene behavior related to the cleanliness of food, drinks, body, and the environment is an important factor in preventing various diseases that can influence the nutritional status of children under the age of five. Purpose: To identify the correlation between maternal education level and hygiene behavior with the nutritional status of toddlers in Hamlet III Sukamulya Village. Method: Cross-sectional. The data used is primary data collected through a questionnaire. Data include maternal demographics, toddler characteristics, and maternal hygiene behaviors. The population of this study consisted only of mothers with toddlers from Hamlet III Sukamulya village using a total sampling technique with a total of 145 respondents. Data were analyzed with univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using Spearman rho test. Results: Showed that the majority of mothers had a basic education level (79.3%), and had good hygiene behavior (90.3%), and most toddlers had normal nutritional status (63.4%). This study found a p-value of 0.772 on the mother's education level variable and a p-value of 0.085 on the hygiene behavior variable. Conclusion: there is no correlation between maternal education level and nutritional status of toddlers and there is no correlation between hygiene behavior and nutritional status of toddlers.

#1943 The association of uncarboxylated, non-phosphorylated Matrix Gla protein with arterial stiffness in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients

Abstract Background and Aims Vitamin K deficiency has been identified as a marker of vascular calcification AND STIFNESS and an independent cardiovascular risk factor in hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, as the most powerful inhibitor of vascular calcification, Matrix Gla Protein requires vitamin K to become activated. However, until to date, it has not yet been clarified whether hepatic or extrahepatic markers of vitamin K status reflect the arterial status of dialysis patients. In this study we aimed to investigate the association of vitamin K deficiency with arterial stiffness in End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) patients. Method In 42 ESKD patients undergoing either HD or PD, we measured plasma levels of the inactive vitamin-K dependent Matrix Gla Protein (dp-ucMGP) and serum levels of prothrombin (PIVKA-II) as markers of extrahepatic and hepatic insufficiency of vitamin K (CARIM Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands). In these patients we determined arterial stiffness parameters (pulse wave velocity-PWV) by the Mobil-O-Graph device (IEM, Stolberg, Germany). Results Serum PIVKA-II was associated with T2D duration (r = −0.38, p = 0.013), phosphorus levels (r = −0.41, p = 0.009) serum albumin (r = −0.33, p = 0.036) Spearman's rho test, and the type of transporter in PD patients (p = 0.039), Kruskal-Wallis test. Plasma dp-ucMGP was associated with PWV (r = 0.51, p = 0.001), peripheral (r = −0.37, p = 0.016) and central diastolic blood pressure (BP) (r = −0.34, p = 0.026) and age (r = 0.41, p = 0.007), Spearman's rho. Patients with T2DM, history of acute myocardial infarction and those receiving warfarin had significantly increased levels of circulating dp-ucMGP (p = 0.036, p = 0.039 and p &amp;lt; 0.0001, respectively, Kruskal-Wallis). Warfarin was associated with a 2.5-fold and a 23-fold increase in dp-ucMGP and PIVKA-II levels, respectively. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that PWV (p = 0.001, B = 494, 95% CI: 242-746) was an independent predictor of dp-ucMGP, independent of age, T2T2, history of myocardial infraction and diastolic BP. Conclusion Elevated plasma dp-ucMGP levels (suggesting extrahepatic vitamin K deficiency) were associated with increased arterial stiffness in dialysis patients.