Speaking World Research Articles

Ghosting, Breadcrumbing, Catfishing: A Corpus Analysis of English Borrowings in the Spanish Speaking World

The study aims to contribute to our understanding of the situation of languages in contact and the phenomenon of linguistic borrowings in the modern online world. The current study investigates the use of English terms borrowed to describe romantic relationships in Spanish. We use a list of terms presented in GQ Spain, a men’s culture, fashion and style magazine, as popular terms in 2020 to describe (a lack of) love in romantic relationships. In order to analyze the actual use of these borrowings in Spanish, we collected data from the Corpus del Español NOW (2012–2019), focusing on the number of occurrences of each English borrowing, level of morphological adaptation, co-occurrence of translations or explanations, date of first use and location of use. Overall, 11 of the 20 terms, such as ghosting, gaslighting or benching, appeared in the corpus. We note the presence of quotation marks, parentheses or uppercase letters in some cases, but it was observed that most examples keep their English form. However, many terms appeared with an explanation or translation, reflecting the novelty of the borrowing. Data regarding dates and countries were collected in order to set the year they were integrated with the new meaning (2013–2019). The country with the highest number of cases was Argentina, and there were a substantial number of cases in other Spanish-speaking countries. Overall, these findings show an increase in the incorporation of these borrowings over the years in the Spanish lexicon.

Le rôle des médias culturels subalternes chez les peuples indigènes du monde sinophone : analyse sémantique, enjeux et traductions

The paper aims to discuss the role that visual anthropology and subaltern cultural medias play among the considered indigenous peoples in the Chinese speaking world, and particularly in the four cross-Strait territories of China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao. This paper suggests a semantic and historic analysis of the terms of indigenous, while retracing the arrival of these western concepts in Greater China as well as the manipulations and translations along history which are subjects of the present research. The western discipline of visual anthropology, together with cultural medias find their equivalences in these Chinese speaking territories, and are used for multiple purposes, which are not always clear. An analysis of their presence and use in these four territories by their respective administrations or by the indigenous themselves may allow us also to have a more precise understanding of the ties that each of these governments maintains with its constitutionally and potentially indigenous peoples. Finally, it will be stressed the fact that the reappropriated western labeling of the indigenous may not necessarily work in the specific theoretical context of the Chinese speaking world while attention should be paid to potentially subaltern groups in individual cases.

Fear in the German Speaking World, 1600–2000 ed. by Thomas Kehoe and Michael Pickering

Fear in the German Speaking World, 1600–2000 ed. by Thomas Kehoe and Michael Pickering

Music and Identity in a Postcolonial World: Radio Airplay of Lusophone Music in Public Service Broadcasting in the Portuguese- Speaking World

With music being one of the key elements of radio, and plurality one of the most important principles of public service, this article’s central argument is that one of the missions of public radio is to foster musical elements produced in the country’s national language. Focusing on traditional musical genres of the Portuguese-speaking countries, we will analyze the role of music in public radio by selecting specific musical shows focused on the Lusophone world. In order to determine the presence and impact of Lusophony in national stations, music will be the common thread for a reflection on how multicultural their programming strategies are able to be.

Religious tolerance: A view from China

European and North American cultures are awash in stereotypes about religion. The recently published volume Stereotyping Religion: Critiquing Clichés (2017) tackles several of these and shows why scholars find them to be clichéd. By describing their origins and elucidating the social or political work they rhetorically accomplish in the present, the authors of the volume address some important clichés, namely, that religions are belief systems, that religion is a private matter or that it exclusively concerns the transcendent. In the same way, scholars of religion in the Chinese speaking world find themselves often having to dispel the many myths that surround it. Does China have religion? What does it look like? And where does it stand vis-à-vis religious tolerance? In this short article, I take a comparative look at the late imperial period in China and the substantive changes that took place at the end of it. What does religious tolerance – and its opposite – mean in the context of China’s modern epistemic order?

Writing in a Speaking World: The Pragmatics of Literacy in Anglo-Saxon Inscriptions and Old English Poetry

Writing in a Speaking World: The Pragmatics of Literacy in Anglo-Saxon Inscriptions and Old English Poetry

Writing in a Speaking World: The Pragmatics of Literacy in Anglo-Saxon Inscriptions and Old English Poetry

Writing in a Speaking World: The Pragmatics of Literacy in Anglo-Saxon Inscriptions and Old English Poetry

Nuance Lost in Translation : Interpretations of J. F. Blumenbach's Anthropology in the English Speaking World.

Johann Friedrich Blumenbach has been called 'The Father of Physical Anthropology' because of his pioneering publications describing human racial variation. He proposed aracial typology consisting of five 'major varieties/races' of humanity. Since the 1990s, Londa Schiebinger and other Anglophone scholars have argued that Blumenbach's writings on race show evidence that he was significantly influenced by nineteenth-century race supremacist beliefs which held Europeans/Caucasians to be the highest ranked and most beautiful race. However, these modern authors relied largely on Thomas Bendyshe's 1865 English translations of Blumenbach's Latin and German texts. As documented herein, Bendyshe's publication includes numerous translation errors which form apattern indicating that he employed two translators. The first translator was consistent with five earlier English translations. The second translator was not consistent with the earlier translators. This second translator also used English terms that denigrated extra-Europeans while adulating Europeans. Furthermore, Bendyshe's1865 translation regularly used the term 'beauty' to translate different Latin words that Blumenbach used to express his nuanced view of aesthetics and structural symmetry. Given the inconsistency and errors in Bendyshe's 1865 translations, they should not be unquestionably accepted as an accurate reflection of Blumenbach's views.

PETER ORTON. Writing in a Speaking World: The Pragmatics of Literacy in Anglo-Saxon Inscriptions and Old English Poetry

PETER ORTON. Writing in a Speaking World: The Pragmatics of Literacy in Anglo-Saxon Inscriptions and Old English Poetry

Action Plan Towards the Information Society in Developing Countries and the Arabic Speaking World

Action Plan Towards the Information Society in Developing Countries and the Arabic Speaking World

The Effects of a Linguistic Tsunami on the Languages of Aceh

The languages throughout the world are in crisis and it is estimated that 50% to 90% will have disappeared by the end of this century (Grenoble, 2012). Colonisation, nationalism, urbanisation and globalisation have resulted in a linguistic tsunami being unleashed, with a few major world languages swamping others. The rate of language loss today is unprecedented as this small number of dominant languages expands rapidly. Small minority languages are mainly in danger, but even large regional languages, such as Acehnese with millions of speakers, are unsafe. Similar to the case of a tsunami triggered by an earthquake, it is generally too late before speakers are aware of what is happening. In most cases language shift will have already progressed and irreversible before people realize it. This paper examines the early warning signs of impending language shift and what can be done for minority languages to have the best chance of survival. We draw on the local situation in Aceh, as well as other parts of the Austronesian speaking world and Australia, where the record of language loss is the worst in the world. Language shift in Australia is well-progressed; in Indonesia it is more recent. Lessons learned from places such as Australia and Taiwan have relevance for Indonesia today.

Catholic Teaching Brothers: Their Life in the English Speaking World, 1891-1965 (Book Review)

Catholic Teaching Brothers: Their Life in the English Speaking World, 1891-1965 (Book Review)

One-day symposium “Material Culture and the Writing of History: the Case of African Americans”

This one-day symposium was organized as part of a larger, on-going three-year project entitled “Writing History from the Margins: the Case of African Americans,” funded by Sorbonne Paris Cite, with support from the Center for Research on the English Speaking World (CREW, EA 4399) and the Center for Research on North America (CRAN), and undertaken by Claire Bourhis-Mariotti (Universite Paris 8), Helene Le Dantec-Lowry (Universite Sorbonne Nouvelle), Claire Parfait (Universite Paris 13), and Ma...

Translation of the Holy Quran: A Call for Standardization

The recent increase in the number of English translations of the Quran has led to problematic misrepresentations, misinterpretations and even textual discrepancies in the translations of a number of Islamic concepts, principles and norms. This paper is an attempt to evaluate five different English versions of the translation of the Quran using concepts, principles and norms as parameters for discussion and analysis. Results of discussion and analysis of the samples used in this paper have indicated that there is an un urgent need for a mechanism that will help using the formation of a standardised version of an explanatory translation of the meanings of the Quran that is authoritative in form and content to be used all over the English Speaking world. To achieve this objective, a list of suggestions and recommendations have been made for use by those in authority and for those who are interested in carrying out further research in this field.

Effects of Stereoscopic Viewing on Presence, Anxiety, and Cybersickness in a Virtual Reality Environment for Public Speaking

In this study, we addressed the effect of stereoscopy on presence, anxiety, and cybersickness in a virtual public speaking world, and investigated the relationships between these three variables. Our results question the practical relevance of applying stereoscopy in head-mounted displays (HMDs) for virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) in a virtual public speaking world. In VRET, feelings of presence improve the efficacy (B. K. Wiederhold & M. D. Wiederhold, 2005). There are reports of a relatively large group of dropouts during VRET at low levels of presence in the virtual environment (Krijn, Emmelkamp, Olafsson, & Biemond, 2004). Therefore, generating an adequate level of presence is essential for the success of VRET. In this study, 86 participants were recruited and they were immersed in the virtual public speaking world twice: once with stereoscopic rendering and once without stereoscopic rendering. The results showed that spatial presence was significantly improved by adding stereoscopy, but no difference for reported involvement or realism was found. The heart rate measurements also showed no difference between stereoscopic and nonstereoscopic viewing. Participants reported similar anxiety feelings about their talk and similar level of cybersickness in both viewing modes. Even though spatial presence was significantly improved, the size of statistical effect was relatively small. Our results therefore suggest that stereoscopic rendering may not be of practical importance for VRET in public speaking settings.

J. Crawford Adams (1913–2011)

John Crawford Adams was born in Derbyshire, the son of a General Practitioner, and was educated at Oakham School. He entered St Mary’s Hospital Medical School in September 1931 and had a successful undergraduate career, winning three major prizes. He qualified in 1937 and held house jobs in

The Study of Chinese Philosophy in the English Speaking World

AbstractThis paper proposes that the study of Chinese philosophy in the English speaking world has evolved in the three stages, i.e., the stage of preliminary introduction, the stage of communication, and the stage of deep study. The paper also tentatively investigates how problematic methodology in the study of Chinese philosophy and the prevalent conception of philosophy contribute to the marginalization of Chinese philosophy in the English speaking world and suggests some possible ways for the study of Chinese philosophy to emerge from the current difficult situation. At the end this paper emphasizes that no matter whether the study of Chinese philosophy can make the English speaking philosophical world accept Chinese philosophy as genuine philosophy, increased understanding and appreciation of the important and unique contribution of Chinese philosophy is its significant accomplishment nevertheless.

Anglosphere United? Examining and Explaining 20th Century War Time Alliances in the English Speaking World

Throughout the 20th century the major powers in the global Anglosphere often found themselves allies in armed conflict. These war-time alliances – sometimes temporary, more often part of a longer term cooperation – are sometimes held to arise because of common histories, common values, similar national ideologies and similar notions of international right and wrong. Indeed, the political rhetoric surrounding declarations of war has often cited such factors as colonial history, international friendship and “special relationships” as motivators for joining armed coalitions against third party states. Yet while there stand stark examples of these major English speaking powers acting entirely in congress there exist numerous instances where one or more of these powers chose not to join a coalition alongside their Anglophonic associates. This paper argues that explanations of Anglophonic coalitions that rely on notions of a shared history, similar political ideologies, common political and social values or similar notions of international morality all fall short of explaining the coalition joining/rejecting behaviour of the major powers of the Anglosphere in war-time during the 20th century. Drawing on data from the Correlates of War (CoW) project, this paper will show that pure national interest drove the decisions of states to join or reject coalitions, lending strong support to a structural realist explanation for their behaviour.

Evangelicals & Tradition: The Formative Influence of the Early Church (Evangelical Ressourcement – Ancient Sources for the Church's Future). By D. H. Williams The Expansion of Evangelicalism: The Age of Wilberforce, More, Chalmers & Finney (A History of Evangelicalism – People, Movements & Ideas in the English Speaking World). By John Wolffe

The Heythrop JournalVolume 49, Issue 1 p. 137-139 Evangelicals & Tradition: The Formative Influence of the Early Church (Evangelical Ressourcement – Ancient Sources for the Church's Future). By D. H. WilliamsThe Expansion of Evangelicalism: The Age of Wilberforce, More, Chalmers & Finney (A History of Evangelicalism – People, Movements & Ideas in the English Speaking World). By John Wolffe Paul Brazier, Paul Brazier Wimbledon, LondonSearch for more papers by this author Paul Brazier, Paul Brazier Wimbledon, LondonSearch for more papers by this author First published: 27 December 2007 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2265.2007.00361_6.xRead the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume49, Issue1January 2008Pages 137-139 RelatedInformation

W. Robert Harris (1922–2005)

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volumeVol. 88-B, No. 5 ObituaryFree AccessW. Robert Harris (1922–2005)Robert B. SalterRobert B. SalterSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:1 May 2006https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.88B5.17811AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsAdd to Favourites ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail On 13 December 2005, Canada lost one of its most distinguished academic orthopaedic surgeons with the death of Dr. W. Robert (Bob) Harris from pancreatic cancer. After a private funeral, a splendid Memoral Service in celebration of his life was held in Massey College of the University of Toronto.Born in Canada, he was the son of Professor Robert I. Harris, who was the first Professor of Surgery of the Division of Orthopaedic Surgery of Toronto General Hospital. Bob received his primary, secondary, and tertiary education in Toronto culminating in his graduation with Honours in Medicine in January, 1945. On that occasion he was awarded the Canadian Medical Association Prize in Public Health and became a member of the Alpha Omega Alpha Honour Society. He immediately enlisted in the Royal Canadian Naval Volunteer Reserve (RCNVR) in which he served for one year as a Surgeon-Lieutenant.In 1946 Bob married Barbara Drew-Brook and together in an ideal marriage, they raised four children, Nancy, Janet, Rob and Pam and then came ten grandchildren. He was a loving and much loved husband, father and grandfather.In 1947 he studied histology with Professor Arthur Ham, the author of the classic textbook, to which Bob contributed an important chapter on fracture healing. There followed three years of postgraduate training on the W. E. Gallie Course on Surgical Training. It was during that residency that he was awarded the Reeves Prize.He then spent a year as an Orthopaedic resident in the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. In 1952 he won an R. S. McLaughlin Travelling Fellowship that enabled him to continue his orthopaedic education in the United Kingdom, Scandinavia, Italy, and France.As a fully trained orthopaedic surgeon he was appointed in 1953 to the Division of Orthopaedic Surgery at the University of Toronto in which he served with distinction throughout his academic career.In due course he succeeeded Professor F. P. Dewar and was promoted to the rank of full Professor. He developed a number of special interests including slipped capital femoral epiphysis, epiphyses and their transplantation, amputations, and the rehabilitation of injured workers.Bob Harris and I collaborated on a combined research project on injuries involving the epiphyseal plate. He insisted that since his part of the project (basic research) was smaller than mine (clinical research) his name should appear second on the title, hence the Salter-Harris classification of injuries involving the epiphyseal plate. Both he and I were quite young when the classification was published (1963). Indeed, sometimes when being introduced to a foreign orthopaedic surgeon, the statement was made to one, or both of us that “In our country we use the classification that was created by your father(s)”.Bob Harris was elected to the American Orthopaedic Association, the most prestigious orthopaedic association in North America. He was also the President of the Janes’ Surgical Society as well as the Little Club (a Travel Club). He also became an Examiner for the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada.In 1968 he was elected the President of the Canadian Orthopaedic Foundation and in 1975 and 1976 he served as the President of the Canadian Orthopaedic Association. It was during the Presidency that he had the honour of representing the Association at the Sixth Combined Meeting of the Orthopaedic Associations of the English Speaking World in London, England. It was during that outstanding meeting that Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, presented to each of the Presidents of their Association a handsome replica of Nicholas Andry’s Orthopaedic Tree.Bob Harris was a quiet and humble man who had a wonderful spirit of generosity and who was never heard to speak ill of anyone. Indeed he was an exemplary role model to his family, his students, and his colleagues.The late Sir Wilfred Grenfell, Founder of the Grenfell Mission in Newfoundland and Labrador, has written that “Life in Medicine is a Field of Service” Certainly the exemplary life of Dr. W. Robert Harris has been one of stellar Service.All of us worldwide who have known him personally and have appreciated his contributions to the field of orthopaedics will be forever grateful to him.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Vol. 88-B, No. 5 Metrics History Published online 1 May 2006 Published in print 1 May 2006 InformationCopyright © 2006, The British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery: All rights reservedPDF download