Mobility, an engine for economic growth and urban expansion, has become a serious obstacle to sustainable development and quality of life in cities since at least half a century ago. Rather than being a new phenomenon, the old mobility model –characterized by individual and global increase of daily trips, an increase in distance travelled and a dependence on private vehicles for individual use– is still in force. Mobility by motorized road modes is one of the main factors that generate externalities for society and the environment nowadays, particularly some of special importance in the global debate such as climate change. Congestion is also a negative effect resulting from the prevailing pattern of urban mobility, which further aggravates the other external costs. The recurrent mobility to work embodies this unsustainable model, because of its particular characteristics –daily frequency, work hours concentration, spatial fragmentation of residential and economic activity uses– and the Region of Madrid is a paradigmatic case that surely illustrates of all this perfectly. In response, approaches and guidelines that are not novel either: a determined strategy of sustainable urban mobility, comprehensive in proposals, with an inescapable pillar of action – the space rebalancing of urban uses through an integrated territorial planning. In the Region of Madrid, everything is still to be done, beginning with a complete change of Spanish territorial planning model.