Spatial Dislocation Research Articles

Multitask Allocation Framework With Spatial Dislocation Collision Avoidance for Multiple Aerial Robots

Multitask allocation and trajectory planning for multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been extensively used in various real-world applications. This article presents a framework of multi-UAV multitask allocation and trajectory planning with collision avoidance. The scenario of interest is one where multiple UAVs are launched in order to investigate selected targets in a massive wildfire disaster relief terrain. Initially, one UAV is launched to search wildfire locations and wildfire lines by a developed informative path planning algorithm. An informative exploratory search mechanism is developed that provides the exploration trajectories to precisely locate the wildfire positions in the wildfire environments. Afterward, with the investigated environmental information including GPS coordinates of wildfire positions and distribution as targets, UAVs are deployed to multiple target positions. In order to perform effective collision avoidance, a spatial dislocation scheme is developed by introduction of an additional dimension for UAVs at different altitudes, whereas UAVs avoid collision at the same altitude using a proposed velocity profile paradigm. Concurrent multitask allocation, trajectory planning, and collision avoidance are successfully carried out with unequal numbers of UAVs and targets. The proposed framework has been validated by simulation studies and comparative analyzes.

Man-land relationship based on the spatial coupling of population and residential land – A case study of Yuzhong County in Longzhong Loess Hilly Region, China

Population and residential land use are the core elements of the rural man-land relationship system. The relationship between the rural population and residential land is of great significance to the study of the man-land relationship in rural regions. The Longzhong loess hilly region is one of the most vulnerable areas of social ecology and economy in China, with relatively poor natural conditions and economic development. In this paper, 268 administrative villages in Yuzhong County, Longzhong Loess Hilly Region, were used as evaluation units with spatial dislocation analysis methods to analyze the spatial distribution of population and residential land from a micro-spatial perspective. This shows the coupling relationship between population and residential land, and altitude gradient characteristics. Following conclusions are obtained: (1) Rural permanent residents, migrants, residential land area and idle homesteads show high spatial similarity. The areas with high density and geographic concentration are mainly concentrated in the central Chuanyuan area, and the areas with low ones are mainly distributed in the northern mountainous regions. (2) There is a highly coupled relationship between population and residential land in Yuzhong County. For the permanent population and residential land area, 89.18% of the administrative villages are in coordination, and 10.82% of the administrative villages are not coordinated. In terms of the proportion of the migrant population and the proportion of idle homesteads, 55.97% of the administrative villages are coordinated, and 44.03% of the administrative villages are not coordinated. (3) The altitude gradient effect on the “population-residential land” coupling relationship is significant. The permanent population and residential land area are mainly “H-H” type villages in low-altitude gradient areas, and “L-L” type villages in medium-high altitude gradient areas. The proportion of the outflow population and the proportion of idle homesteads of “L-L” type villages are the largest in low-altitude gradient areas, and that of “H-L” type villages are the largest in the middle and high-altitude gradient areas. This paper explored a new model of man-land relationship, and improved the theory of rural man-land relationship regional system. It is of great significance to promote the coordinated and sustainable development of loess hilly region and even the entire Loess Plateau in China.

Influence of dislocations on the apparent elastic constants in single metallic crystallites: an analytical approach

Intricate knowledge of dislocation networks in metals has proven paramount in understanding the constitutive behaviour of these materials but current experimental methods yield limited information on the characteristics of these networks. Recently, the isotropic anelastic response of metals has been used to investigate complex dislocation networks through the well-known phenomenon that the observed elastic constants are influenced by dislocations. Considering the dependence of the behaviour of a Frank-Read (FR) source on its initial dislocation character and using discerning characteristics of dislocations, i.e. Burgers vector, line sense and slip system, the present paper takes dislocation character, crystal structure and dislocation network geometry into account and obtains the anisotropic mechanical response for a generic Poisson’s ratio. In this work, the tensile test tangent moduli and yield points are presented for spatially uniform and nonuniform dislocation distributions across slip systems. First, the reversible shear strain of the FR source is derived as a function of initial dislocation character. The area swept by a mobile and initially straight dislocation segment pinned at both ends is given as an explicit function of the line stress. Secondly, the anisotropic anelastic strain contribution of FR sources to the total pre- and at-yield strain in single crystallites is calculated. For a given normal stress and superposition of the principal infinitesimal linear elastic lattice strain and anelastic dislocation strain, the tangent moduli are presented. The moduli and the inception of plastic flow have a notable dependence on initial dislocation character, spatial dislocation distribution and loading direction.

Trauma as Displacement: Observations from Refugee Resettlement

Trauma does not have a single definition. Within Western paradigms, across humanities and social sciences, it has largely been characterized through temporal and spatial dislocation. Critical studies of trauma, however, suggest that such framings of rupture, catastrophe, and mass displacement can obscure longer term and structural forms of violence, such as colonialism and gender-based violence. This article explores the displacement, emplacement, and transitivity of trauma through the process of refugee resettlement. It is part of a broader qualitative study that traces how trauma concepts and practices are mobilized in the process of refugee resettlement, specifically for Iraqis who are resettled in the United States. This article argues that trauma is neither a one-time event that is endlessly relived and reactivated in identical episodes nor does trauma emplace a singular geography. Rather, trauma can be understood as a set of serial emplacements and displacements across multiple sites, in our case transnationally. Apart from the distress and geopolitics of war, securitized migration policies produce trauma for people who have been displaced. This trauma of family separation, however, should not be regarded merely as an extension of war-making but as an additional manifestation produced by the global refugee regime.

Outsiders in the periphery: studies of the peripheralisation of low income housing in Ahmedabad and Chennai, India

The growing emphasis on affordable housing and the sharp increase in its supply in Indian cities over the past two decades is characterised by two features that diminish the inclusive and integrative role of affordable urban housing. The first is the move toward constructing new housing stock rather than upgrading existing stock. Second, most of this new housing, increasingly in the form of multi-storied tenement buildings, is located on urban peripheries in isolated or poorly connected sites. In focusing on the peripheralisation of formal low-income housing, this paper adds a new dimension to studies of peripheral urbanisation in India, which have hitherto focused on high-end speculative developments or informal settlements of the poor. Drawing on mixed-method field studies of four formal low-income settlements in Ahmedabad and Chennai, this paper argues that residents of these settlements experience a multifaceted dynamic of disconnection, not only from the city but also from other peripheral developments, rendering them outsiders in the periphery. Three dynamics of disconnection are studied: first, the allocation of fully built housing units disconnects residents from processes of housing production. Second, spatial dislocation constrains their mobility, both physical and socioeconomic. Third, these two dynamics, combined with substandard infrastructure and housing conditions, alienate residents from the new settlements, and curtail their engagement in processes of place-making or the production of neighbourhoods.

Spatial Dislocation Analysis of Tourism Economy and Its Influencing Factors in Jiangsu Province

Taking 13 prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu Province as the research object, based on the theory of spatial dislocation, the gravity model and two-dimensional composite matrix method are used to analyze the spatial dislocation between tourism resources, permanent population and other factors in Jiangsu Province and tourism revenue. The results show that the population center, the center of tourism resources, the center of tourist numbers, the center of economic development, and the center of tourism revenue of Jiangsu Province are all biased toward the southern part of Jiangsu Province. From the analysis of four sets of two-dimensional composite matrixes, 13 prefecture-level cities have synchronized coordination and also have positive and negative dislocation types. Southern Jiangsu has the best synchronization and coordination, and northern Jiangsu has a strong negative dislocation trend; the combination of tourist numbers and tourism revenue is the strongest, but the dislocation is weak; population and tourism revenue have a strong positive dislocation trend; there is a strong negative dislocation trend between economic development and tourism revenue; the matrix combination of Nanjing, Wuxi and Suzhou has good synchronization; the city of Xuzhou in northern Jiangsu has a strong negative dislocation. In view of the results of spatial dislocation analysis, suggestions for improvement and optimization are put forward to promote the high-quality development of tourism in Jiangsu Province.

Spatial Pattern and Development of Protected Areas in the North-south Transitional Zone of China

The north-south transitional zone in China mainly consists of the Qinling-Daba Mountains. It is the most important West-East geo-ecological space in China, containing protected areas vital for biodiversity conservation and ecological security of China. The protection and rational development of its natural habitat is of great significance to China’s ecological security and integration of protected areas based on mountain forest ecosystems on a global scale. In this study, five important types of protected areas in the transitional zone were selected, and their spatial patterns were analysed. Spatial analysis methods, such as kernel density estimation and accessibility analysis, were employed for both point and areal data, and focused on four aspects: land use scale, shift in the centre of gravity, spatial agglomeration, and accessibility. In addition, policy background and evolution of spatial and temporal characteristics of the protected area system in the transitional zone from 1963 to 2017 were also examined. We analysed the characteristics and geographical significance of the West-east corridor using the spatial pattern of the protected area system from the perspective of ecological and economic spaces. We focused on spatial shape, type intersection, and key areas to analyse the spatial overlap of the protected areas. Protected area establishment was divided into three stages: initial (1956–1980), rapid development (1981–2013), and national park transformation (2014—present). These stages reflected the change in the concept of ‘simple protection—sustainable use—integration and upgrade’ for protected areas of China. The spatial centre of gravity of the protection zone system was located in the west Qinling-Daba Mountains, and its high-density core exhibited a relatively stable N-shaped structure composed of four gathering areas. Affected by factors such as geographic environment and socio-economic development density, the average access time for protected areas was high (1.56 h); wetland parks and scenic areas are located closer to the city centre. As the West-east corridor in the transitional zone extends from west to east, there is a clear spatial dislocation between the development of protected areas and the intensity of human activities. During development, differentiated goal orientation should be adopted based on the idea of zoning and classified governance. With the advancement of the construction of protected areas, the spatial overlap of protected areas in the transition zone has become more prominent. At present, the spatially overlapped protected areas in the transitional zone remain prominent, with inclusion overlap being the most common, and forest parks exhibiting the highest probability of overlap with other protected areas, we should focus on in the integration process of the corridor-type ecological space based on the mountain forest ecosystem.

A Spatiotemporal Causality Based Governance Framework for Noisy Urban Sensory Data

Urban sensing is one of the fundamental building blocks of urban computing. It uses various types of sensors deployed in different geospatial locations to continuously and cooperatively monitor the natural and cultural environment in urban areas. Nevertheless, issues such as uneven distribution, low sampling rate and high failure ratio of sensors often make their readings less reliable. This paper provides an innovative framework to detect the noise data as well as to repair them from a spatial-temporal causality perspective rather than to deal with them individually. This can be achieved by connecting data through monitored objects, using the Skip-gram model to estimate spatial correlation and long short-term memory to estimate temporal correlation. The framework consists of three major modules: 1) a space embedded Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM)-based sequence labeling module to detect the noise data and the latent missing data; 2) a space embedded BiLSTM-based sequence predicting module calculating the value of the missing data; 3) an object characteristics fusion repairing module to correct the spatial and temporal dislocation sensory data. The approach is evaluated with real-world data collected by over 3 000 electronic traffic bayonet devices in a citywide scale of a medium-sized city in China, and the result is superior to those of several referenced approaches. With a 12.9% improvement in data accuracy over the raw data, the proposed framework plays a significant role in various real-world use cases in urban governance, such as criminal investigation, traffic violation monitoring, and equipment maintenance.

Photons vs. firewood: female (dis)empowerment by solar power in India

Renewable energy transitions are accelerating in the Global South. Yet many large-scale renewable energy infrastructures are developed on public lands with unknown impacts on commons access and usage. A prime example of this is the Gujarat Solar Park (GSP) in India, which is one of the world’s largest solar photovoltaic facilities. The GSP is situated on 2,669 acres of previously common property, which has historically been used by female pastoralists for firewood collection. In this paper, we examine the following research questions: How do gender and caste power shape natural resource access in this region?; Does the Gujarat Solar Park exacerbate already gendered social-economic-political asymmetries? Our study utilizes a feminist political ecology framework to analyze the social dimensions of the GSP, drawing on recent work in this vein that uses a postcolonial and intersectional approach to examine the production of social difference through the spatial processes and political economy of solar energy generation. We find that the enclosure of public ‘wastelands’ to develop the Gujarat Solar Park has dispossessed resource-dependent women of access to firewood and grazing lands. This spatial dislocation is reinforcing asymmetrical social power relations at the village scale. Intersectional subject-positions are (re)produced vis-à-vis the exclusion of access to firewood in the land enclosed for the solar park. Affected women embody this dispossession through inter- and intra-village emotional geographies that cut across caste, class and gender boundaries.

Home and heritage out of place: the disjunction of exile

ABSTRACT Cultural heritage and home are not natural givens but construed and bounded in spatial, temporal and emotional terms. This similarity suggests that diasporic movements that disrupt the spatial dimension need closer examination. This article examines how geopolitical shifts affect the connection between people and the source of heritage central to their identity, and what role ‘home’ obtains in that process. Drawing on three examples of being displaced or ‘away from home’, this contribution considers the function of home in the process of heritagisation by identifying three degrees of separation: spatial dislocation, temporal disconnection, and the emergence of moral disjuncture. Heritagisation is not a neutral process of creating an unproblematic relationship between people and their past and their native homeland but one that is based on and incites partiality. This study that is ethnographic in approach with focused historical contextualisation observes the significance of ’home within’ under the condition of displacement and loss, of heritage dislocation that is consequently an experience creating an imagined and charged new space.

Pedagogies of (de)liberation: salvation and social inclusion by means of Midnight Football

ABSTRACT In this article, we explore the pedagogies of (de)liberation promoted in the sports-based intervention Midnight Football (MF), carried out in a suburban and socio-economically disadvantaged residential area in Sweden. Based on interviews with coaches and managers and on-site observations, we examine how socio-pedagogical rationalities and technologies are articulated in discourse and assumed to operate within the intervention, and how certain ideals of conduct and social inclusion are represented in discourse. The analysis is guided by a Foucauldian perspective on a variety of forms of power. It displays how disciplinary forms of spatial and temporal diversion and dislocation of youth from sites of risk and danger to sites of order and football are formed within MF, where non-authoritative relations between coaches and youth can be facilitated, underpinned by a pastoral form of benign care and guidance. This, in turn, according to the rationality, enables pedagogies of sublime guidance and governing through deliberative and motivational dialogues, supporting youth to conduct themselves and, within the frames of football, choose the right track in life, away from gangs and crime. Making active and responsible choices means not only opportunities for individual deliberation, salvation and social inclusion, but moreover, security in and for the locality, community and society. The analysis illustrates how discipline, pastoral power and technologies of empowerment and of the self are intertwined and constitutive of the government promoted. Notably, dialogues between coaches and participants do not focus on the socio-economic inequalities or the socio-political context of segregation among the youth; instead, salvation becomes a question of the mindset of the youth, legitimizing a pre-given socio-economic and socio-political order of social exclusion. Still, there is unfulfilled potential for critical pedagogy and (de)liberative dialogues for articulating the conditions for participation in sport and in society on the terms of the participating youth.

Turbulence dissipation & its induced entrainment in subsonic swirling steam injected in cocurrent flowing water

Subsonic swirling steam induced turbulence, its dissipation, and entrainment inside the concurrent flowing water has been investigated on an experimental basis. Pressure fluctuations of dissimilar amplitudes have been observed which have been attributed to the vortices and hence instances for entrainment on a spatial basis. The extent of turbulence dissipation has been measured by the rate of decrement of the smallest pressure fluctuation of amplitude 0.04 bars. It has been observed that the turbulence dissipation along radial direction rises from 2.3 to 6.3 fluctuations/cm with rising in the inlet pressure of steam & till 12.5 fluctuations/cm in case of rising in rpm of the swirler. On a temporal scale, the turbulence dissipation varies from 0.7 fluctuations/sec at initial conditions which rise till 1.9 fluctuations/sec with the rise in inlet pressure of steam & 3.7 fluctuations/sec in case of rising in rpm of the swirler. Effect of rising in compressibility & rpm on sheer layer transformation into vortices imparted in terms of spatial dislocation along the axial axis, which ranges from 64–66% to 35–41% respectively. The extent of entrainment has found to be influenced by an increase in the compressibility, the rpm of the swirler and the surrounding water inlet pressure, which has been represented by the number of occurrences of the vortices across radial and axial directions. Effects imparted by the given conditions on fluctuations, entrainment, and non-dimensionalized flux has also been investigated.

European green capitals: branding, spatial dislocation or catalysts for change?

ABSTRACTThe European Green Capital (EGC) award has become a familiar feature in a polycentric sustainability governance landscape increasingly characterized by fragmentation and voluntary initiatives. Unclear accountability for translocal connections renders these initiatives at risk of locking unsustainable practices into transitions. Seeking clarity, this paper examines accountability through the lenses of material dislocation and discursive construction in an assessment of Oslo’s (2019) and Lisbon’s (2020) winning EGC entries. How can the EGC distinction better enable substantive urban sustainability, situating claims within wider energy transitions in these capital regions? Within the award’s circumscribed focus on urban centres, do cities account for cognitive and material dislocation through their discursive emphases and telecoupling respectively? Does the EGC catalyse change, brand the capture of low-hanging fruit, or spatially dislocate rather than reduce emissions? We argue that it propagates a focus on optimizing local sustainability effects, while rarely accounting for larger translocal or cross-scalar repercussions. Hence, urban sustainability strategies risk spatially dislocating socio-ecologically unsustainable practices rather than decreasing emissions systemically. Cities need to institute accountability mechanisms that reshape the geographies of responsibility for the systemic and translocal impacts of urban sustainability initiatives, which the EGC could promote by, e.g. including emission indicators for consumption and aviation.

The Nomad, The Squatter and the State: Roma Racialization and Spatial Politics in Italy

AbstractWhat happens when Roma people move from the space of an informal settlement to that of a squat of a housing rights movement? In this article, which is based on the analysis of housing squats involving Roma people in the Italian capital city of Rome, I argue that this move is more than a housing solution: it is a new form of contentious and aesthetic politics. In Rome approximately 7,000 Roma face extreme housing deprivation and segregation, in both official and makeshift camps. While different associations have for many years advocated Roma housing inclusion through a minority and human‐rights framework, in the aftermath of the 2007/2008 economic crisis an increasing number of Roma have moved to squats set up by social movement activists. The aim of the article is threefold. First, it illustrates the collective action repertoire of Roma‐squatting. Secondly, it considers its aesthetic politics, which through spatial dislocation unsettles the racializing discourse endorsed by policymakers that underpins the segregation of the Roma. Finally, this article unpacks the process of politicization of Roma‐squatting and discusses the urban frames and material resources that consolidate this transformation through a comparison of four housing squats that Roma people joined.

From Statistical Correlations to Stochasticity and Size Effects in Sub-Micron Crystal Plasticity

Metals in small volumes display a strong dependence on initial conditions, which translates into size effects and stochastic mechanical responses. In the context of crystal plasticity, this amounts to the role of pre-existing dislocation configurations that may emerge due to prior processing. Here, we study a minimal but realistic model of uniaxial compression of sub-micron finite volumes. We show how the statistical correlations of pre-existing dislocation configurations may influence the mechanical response in multi-slip crystal plasticity, in connection to the finite volume size and the initial dislocation density. In addition, spatial dislocation correlations display evidence that plasticity is strongly influenced by the formation of walls composed of bound dislocation dipoles.

What Prevents Peace? Women and Peacebuilding in Bosnia and Nepal

There is an emerging consensus that women must play a more substantial role in transformations from violence to stability. The UN Women, Peace, and Security framework recognizes the unique challenges women face during war and affirms the important role they play in the prevention and resolution of conflicts. Despite this framework and other related efforts, peace remains elusive for many who have lived through armed conflict. What prevents formal, internationally led peacebuilding efforts from fostering sustainable peace in ordinary citizens’ lives? Put differently, despite the variety of peacebuilding mechanisms offered, what prevents peace from taking hold, for women in particular? In this paper, we focus on two postwar cases: Bosnia and Nepal. Drawing on interviews with more than seventy women in both countries, we identify five barriers that prevent women from feeling at peace in their daily lives: economic insecurity, competing truths, hierarchies of victimhood, continuums of violence, and spatial and temporal dislocation. We conclude by outlining ways that women in both countries work to overcome those barriers by pioneering innovations in peacebuilding, which may reveal possibilities for future interventions.

Prevention of trajectory crossings in proton radiography and the reconstruction of a sheath electric field

The sheath electric field is localized with a thickness of only several Debye lengths. It widely exists at plasma boundaries and in some cases can be very intense. Previous diagnoses of an intense, localized sheath electric field could only deliver the spatially averaged amplitude of the field. The sheath’s spatial structures remain unresolved. In this paper, we numerically demonstrate the three-dimensional reconstruction of a cylindrically symmetric sheath electric field by means of the Abel inversion in combination with a correction of the spatial dislocation in the inversion process. By employing a divergent or/and relativistic proton beam for radiography of the sheath region, it is found that the crossings of the proton trajectories can be prevented and the linearity requirement for the Abel inversion can be satisfied. A sheath electric field with an amplitude of about 1×1011 V/m and a thickness of sub-μm level is well reconstructed with a 120 MeV proton beam. The inter dependences of the reconstruction on the proton beam energy, energy spread, beam divergence, and the amplitude of the sheath are discussed.

Fluorinated Gold Nanoparticles for Nanostructure Imaging Mass Spectrometry.

Nanostructure imaging mass spectrometry (NIMS) with fluorinated gold nanoparticles (f-AuNPs) is a nanoparticle assisted laser desorption/ionization approach that requires low laser energy and has demonstrated high sensitivity. Here we describe NIMS with f-AuNPs for the comprehensive analysis of metabolites in biological tissues. F-AuNPs assist in desorption/ionization by laser-induced release of the fluorocarbon chains with minimal background noise. Since the energy barrier required to release the fluorocarbons from the AuNPs is minimal, the energy of the laser is maintained in the low μJ/pulse range, thus limiting metabolite in-source fragmentation. Electron microscopy analysis of tissue samples after f-AuNP NIMS shows a distinct "raising" of the surface as compared to matrix assisted laser desorption ionization ablation, indicative of a gentle desorption mechanism aiding in the generation of intact molecular ions. Moreover, the use of perfluorohexane to distribute the f-AuNPs on the tissue creates a hydrophobic environment minimizing metabolite solubilization and spatial dislocation. The transfer of the energy from the incident laser to the analytes through the release of the fluorocarbon chains similarly enhances the desorption/ionization of metabolites of different chemical nature, resulting in heterogeneous metabolome coverage. We performed the approach in a comparative study of the colon of mice exposed to three different diets. F-AuNP NIMS allows the direct detection of carbohydrates, lipids, bile acids, sulfur metabolites, amino acids, nucleotide precursors as well as other small molecules of varied biological origins. Ultimately, the diversified molecular coverage obtained provides a broad picture of a tissue's metabolic organization.

Visual Mediations, Affordances and Social Capital

Spatial dislocation of migrants is a catalyst for early, heavy and informed media use (Ponzanesi & Leurs 2014); as well as a motif for transnational families to form families of choice (Beck-Gernsheim 1998; Weston 1997). This text reports on how Irish-Spanish families living in Ireland manage this situation. It argues that (digital) photographic exchanges give rise to mediated third places (Oldenburg, 1989), where (dis)affect and belonging are negotiated. Transnational families visually mediate their domestic spaces regularly. The double visual mediation of presence and space forms part of their everyday. This, in turn, outlines current developments in how (digital) photography is used to mediate actions and emotions. In accounting for and reflecting about how (dis)affective communities of place activate affordances of media, photography emerges as a multi-dimensional site of image production, distribution and storage, in short, as a practice that is both unique to the socio-cultural moment in which it is embedded, and general enough to be recognized as such across cultures and societies. Keywords: diaspora, experience of place, new media, photography, visual mediation

Agricultural aspects of the formation of ecological framework for an optimal agrolandscape

The agrolandscape optimization problem has been analyzed through the formation and the structural and functional spatial organization of its ecological framework of the constituent stabilizing lands. Modern theoretical and practical proposals of the geographers, land surveyors and ecologists for the optimization of agrolandscapes refer to the definition of some median ratios of the areas of its constituent land within different taxonomic units. At the same time, no norms of the optimal correlation of land in agricultural landscapes recommended by the scientific research in Ukrainian agrarian landscapes have been introduced by the legislation of Ukraine. Requirements for the mutual spatial dislocation of the components of the optimal landscape are also not defined. Hence, the authors propose an approach to the spatial organization of the agrolandscape on the basis of assessing and taking into account the influence of climate regulation of afforestation and water bodies on other agrolandscape components. Formation of the ecological framework provides such a territorial location of arable lands that they end up in the zones of a permanent or periodic positive influence of forests and water bodies. The main result of the study is the development of a systematic approach to the formation of the ecological framework for the optimal agrolandscape on the basis of a substantiated transformation of the dimensions of its components and their rational mutual spatial allocation. The positive influence of forests and water bodies on the characteristics of the agrolandscape’s microclimate is evaluated as well.