Spatial Arch Research Articles

Closure to “Structural Behavior of Inferior-Deck Spatial Arch Bridges with Imposed Curvature” by Marta Sarmiento-Comesías, Ana M. Ruiz-Teran, and Angel C. Aparicio

Closure to “Structural Behavior of Inferior-Deck Spatial Arch Bridges with Imposed Curvature” by Marta Sarmiento-Comesías, Ana M. Ruiz-Teran, and Angel C. Aparicio

Discussion of “Structural Behavior of Inferior-Deck Spatial Arch Bridges with Imposed Curvature” by Marta Sarmiento-Comesías, Ana M. Ruiz-Teran, and Angel C. Aparicio

Discussion of “Structural Behavior of Inferior-Deck Spatial Arch Bridges with Imposed Curvature” by Marta Sarmiento-Comesías, Ana M. Ruiz-Teran, and Angel C. Aparicio

State-of-the-art of spatial arch bridges

The paper describes a new form of bridge called a spatial arch bridge. This bridge type was developed in response to the demand for landmark structures, which have started to appear in the modern urban landscape to provide a symbol of originality, innovation and progress. Spatial arch bridges are defined as bridges in which the vertical deck loads produce bending moments and shear forces not contained in the arch plane, owing to their geometrical and structural configuration. Moreover, the arch itself may not be contained in a plane. The different variables and geometries that create such a structural configuration have been studied and classified. A wide compilation of examples of this bridge type has been made in chronological order, according to their construction date, from Maillart's first concrete spatial arch bridges to the latest designs and materials.

Research on Tensioning Scheme of Spatial Steel Arch Bridge

The arch bridge with oblique arch rib and bending girder, as a special type of structural system,construction control of which is very complex, especially making scheme of tensioning suspenders in view of the spatial mechanical characteristics of girder and arch bearing bending moment and torsional moment inside and outside surface. Take the Tongtai Bridge with suspenders of spatial asymmetric layout as an engineering case, three kinds of tensioning schemes are put forward and carried out a detailed demonstration besed on comprehensively considering the effecting factors such as support reaction and bridge deck pavement. The results show that the recommended tensioning scheme ensures the structural safety in construction process,avoids the concrete bridge deck pavement cracking and bearing void and makes the bridge in better mechanical state,which provide a technical reference for similar bridge construction with complex structural system.

Research on the Nonlinear Stability of the Steel Spatial Arch Truss with 120m Span and 0.2 Rise-Span Ratio

The elasto-plastic stability analysis on the steel spatial arch truss with 120m span and 0.2 rise-span ratio is carried out with the finite element program ANSYS. In the analyses, two conditions which are the geometric and material nonlinear, double nonlinear under different initial geometric defects are considered. The results show that the instability modes of arch trusses are all asymmetric instability of plane, and that the buckling load and plastic development of the four arch trusses with L/500, L/400, L/300 and L/200 initial geometric defects are decreased with the increase of different initial geometric defects, and that the axial stress of all web members is about the same, but the value of which does not exceed 235Mpa.

The Research on the Nonlinear Stability of the Steel Spatial Arch Truss with 120m

In this paper, the elastic stability and elasto-plastic stability analysis on the steel spatial arch truss with 120m span and 0.2 rise-span ratio is carried out with the finite element program ANSYS. In the analyses, three conditions which are the geometric ,the geometric and material nonlinear, double nonlinear under different initial geometric defects are considered. The results show that the instability mode of arch trusses are all asymmetric instability of plane, and that the buckling load of considering double nonlinear is 13.84% that of considering geometry nonlinear, and that the coupling effect of geometry nonlinear and material nonlinear has accelerated reducing the stiffness of structure and bearing stable capacity ,and that the ratio for the buckling load of the four arch trusses with L/500, L/400, L/300 and L/200 initial geometric defects is 1.0: 0.927: 0.904: 0.87: 0.804, and that load-displacement process curves of feature node are the same change for the structures under different initial geometric defects.

An iterative form-finding method for antifunicular shapes in spatial arch bridges

This paper presents a new iterative method for finding antifunicular out-of-plane shapes for spatial arch bridges. For a given set of loads, this is the warped geometry that results in an equilibrium state free from bending stresses, i.e. simply under axial forces. These shapes appear when out-of-plane loads act upon the arch, for example, when the deck is curved in plan. A detailed formulation with two alternative algorithms is presented that solves the most generalised case, where unsymmetrical bridges with clamped ends and non-linear behaviour can be considered. An uncoupled formulation has also been developed, in order to minimise internal forces, in both vertical and leaning plane arches. The method can be used both for upper and lower deck arch bridges. It can also be easily adapted for tension elements or cables.

Dynamic Elasto-Plastic Analysis on the Steel Spatial Arch Truss with 60m Span and 0.1 Rise-Span Ratio

In this paper, the elasto-plastic dynamic analysis on the steel spatial arch truss with 60m span and 0.1 rise-span ratio is carried out under earthquake wave with SAP2000. In the analyses, the geometric and material nonlinear effects are considered at the same time based on the plastic-hinge theory. Under the action of EL wave with the peak increasing gradually, its elasto-plastic dynamic responses have been obtained. The results show that its failure mode under the earthquake action is elasto-plastic dynamic buckling; that its critical peak acceleration of EL earthquake wave when applied in horizontally direction is 678gal, and is 624gal when applied in vertically direction; The ratio of its maximal node horizontal and its structural height is 1/961, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.14 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 2.15% when EL-Centro waves applied on structure in X direction; The ratio of its maximal node vertical and its structural span is 1/660, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.17 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 6.09% when EL-Centro waves applied in Z direction.

The Seismic Dynamic Response on the Steel Spatial Arch Truss with 60 m Span and 0.4 Rise-Span Ratio

In this paper, the elasto-plastic dynamic analysis on the steel spatial arch truss with 60 m span and 0.4 rise-span ratio is carried out under earthquake wave with SAP2000. In the analyses, the geometric and material nonlinear effects are considered at the same time based on the plastic-hinge theory. Under the action of EL wave with the peak increasing gradually, its elasto-plastic dynamic responses have been obtained. The results show that its failure mode under the earthquake action is elasto-plastic dynamic buckling; that its critical peak acceleration of EL earthquake wave when applied in horizontal direction is 808.5 gal, and is 789.0 gal when applied in vertical direction; The ratio of its maximal node horizontal displacement and its structural height is 1/259, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.071; The ratio of its maximal node vertical displacement and its structural span is 1/736, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.105.

Dynamic Elasto-Plastic Analysis on the Steel Spatial Arch Truss with 30m Span and 0.2 Rise-Span Ratio

In this paper, the elasto-plastic dynamic analysis on the steel spatial arch truss with 30m span and 0.2 rise-span ratio is carried out under earthquake action with SAP2000. In the analyses, the geometric and material nonlinear effects are considered at the same time based on the plastic-hinge theory. Under the action of EL wave with the peak increasing gradually, its elasto-plastic dynamic responses have been obtained. The results show that its failure mode under the earthquake action is elasto-plastic dynamic buckling; that its critical peak acceleration of EL earthquake wave when applied in X direction is 654gal, and is 1108gal when applied in Z direction; The ratio of its maximal node horizontal displacement and its structural height is 1/102, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 4.215 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 15.54% when EL-Centro waves applied on structure in X direction; The ratio of its maximal node vertical displacement and its structural span is 1/994, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.338 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 11.66% when EL-Centro waves applied in Z direction.

Dynamic Elasto-Plastic Analysis on the Steel Spatial Arch Truss with 120 m Span and 0.2 Rise-Span Ratio

The elasto-plastic dynamic response on the steel-pipe arch truss with 120 m span and 0.2 rise-span ratio is analyzed in this paper under earthquake wave with SAP2000, the geometric and material nonlinear effects are considered during the analysis simultaneously based on the plastic hinge theory. Under the action of EL-Centro waves with the peak increasing gradually, its elasto-plastic dynamic responses have been obtained. The results show that its failure mode under the earthquake action is elasto-plastic dynamic buckling; that its critical peak acceleration of EL-Centro waves when applied in horizontal direction is 644 gal and is 375 gal when applied in vertical direction; The ratio of its maximal node horizontal displacement and its rise-height is 1/538, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.3 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 3.28% when EL-Centro waves applied on structure in horizontal direction; The ratio of its maximal node vertical displacement and its structural rise-height is 1/1136, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.03 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 1.5% when EL-Centro waves applied in vertical direction.

Dynamic Elasto-Plastic Analysis on the Steel Spatial Arch Truss with 90 m Span and 0.1 Rise-Span Ratio

Abstract. In this paper, the elasto-plastic dynamic analysis on the steel spatial arch truss with 90m span and 0.1rise-span ratio is carried out under earthquake wave with SAP2000. In the analyses, the geometric and material nonlinear effects are considered simultaneously based on the plastic-hinge theory. Under the action of EL-centro wave with the peak increasing gradually, its elasto-plastic dynamic responses have been obtained. The results show that its failure mode under the earthquake action is elasto-plastic dynamic buckling; that its critical peak acceleration of EL earthquake wave when applied in X direction is 635gal, and is 465gal when applied in Z direction; The ratio of its maximal node horizontal displacement and its rise height is 1/486, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.029 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 0.7% when EL-Centro waves applied on structure in X direction; The ratio of its maximal node vertical and its structural span is 1/604, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.022 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 2.8% when EL-Centro waves applied in Z direction.

Dynamic Elasto-Plastic Analysis on the Steel Spatial Arch Truss with 90m Span and 0.2 Rise-Span Ratio

In this paper, the elasto-plastic dynamic analysis on the steel spatial arch truss with 90m span and 0.2 rise-span ratio is carried out under earthquake wave with SAP2000. In the analyses, the geometric and material nonlinear effects are considered simultaneously based on the plastic-hinge theory. Under the action of EL-centro wave with the peak increasing gradually, its elasto-plastic dynamic responses have been obtained. The results show that its failure mode under the earthquake action is elasto-plastic dynamic buckling; that its critical peak acceleration of EL earthquake wave when applied in X direction is 550gal, and is 675gal when applied in Z direction; The ratio of its maximal node horizontal displacement and its rise height is 1/635, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.262 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 2.45% when EL-Centro waves applied on structure in X direction; The ratio of its maximal node vertical and its structural span is 1/99, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 19.207 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 9.18% when EL-Centro waves applied in Z direction.

Dynamic Elasto-Plastic Analysis on the Steel Spatial Arch Truss with 90m Span under Earthquake

In this paper, the elasto-plastic dynamic analysis on the steel spatial arch truss with 90m span and 0.4 rise-span ratio is carried out under earthquake EL-Centro wave with SAP2000. In the analyses, the geometric and material nonlinear effects are considered at the same time based on the plastic-hinge theory. Under the action of EL wave with the peak increasing gradually, its elasto-plastic dynamic responses have been obtained. All the results displays its failure mode under the earthquake action is elasto-plastic dynamic buckling; that its critical peak acceleration of EL earthquake wave when applied in X direction is 381gal, and is 583gal when applied in Z direction; The ratio of its maximal node horizontal and its structural height is 1/290, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.43 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 3.00% when EL-Centro waves applied on structure in X direction; The ratio of its maximal node vertical and its structural span is 1/567, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.48 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 2.50% when EL-Centro waves applied in Z direction.

Dynamic Elasto-Plastic Analysis on the Steel Spatial Arch Truss with 120 m Span and 0.4 Rise-Span Ratio

In this paper, the elasto-plastic dynamic analysis on the steel spatial arch truss with 120 m span and 0.4 rise-span ratio is carried out under earthquake EL-Centro wave with SAP2000 about pin-connected model and rigid truss model. The geometric and material nonlinear effects are considered simultaneously based on the plastic-hinge theory. The study shows that the vertical stiffness of the two models is smaller than horizontal stiffness; the failure mode of the pin-connected truss model under the earthquake action is elasto-plastic dynamic buckling, and the failure mode of the rigid truss model under the earthquake action is between the elasto-plastic dynamic buckling and the strength failure.In order to improve the ductility of the truss, we should enhance the design of joint stiffness in actual structures.

Dynamic Elasto-Plastic Analysis on the Steel Arch Truss under Earthquake Action

In this paper, the elasto-plastic dynamic analysis on the steel spatial arch truss with 120m span and 0.1 rise-span ratio is carried out under with SAP2000. The plasticity development level and failure mode of the structure are estimated by the method of increasing the peak acceleration gradually and the plastic hinge theory. The results show that the structure displacement response changed nonlinearly with the increased peak acceleration of the earthquake; Its critical peak acceleration of EL earthquake wave when applied in horizontal direction is 222gal, and is 274gal when applied in vertical direction; The ratio of its maximal node horizontal and its structural height is 1/783 when EL-Centro waves applied on structure in horizontal direction; The ratio of its maximal node vertical and its structural span is 1/751, when EL-Centro waves applied in vertical direction; The failure mode of the truss under the earthquake action is elasto-plastic dynamic buckling.

Dynamic Elasto-Plastic Analysis on the Steel Spatial Arch Truss with 30 m Span and 0.1 Rise-Span Ratio

Abstract. In this paper, the elasto-plastic dynamic analysis on the steel spatial arch truss with 30 m span and 0.1 rise-span ratio is carried out under earthquake wave with SAP2000. In the analyses, the geometric and material nonlinear effects are considered at the same time based on the plastic-hinge theory. Under the action of EL wave with the peak increasing gradually, its elasto-plastic dynamic responses have been obtained. The results show that its failure mode under the earthquake action is elasto-plastic dynamic buckling; that its critical peak acceleration of EL earthquake wave when applied in horizontal direction is 517 gal, and is 387 gal when applied in vertical direction; The ratio of its maximal node horizontal displacement and its structural height is 1/96, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 2.636; The ratio of its maximal node vertical displacement and its structural span is 1/589, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.08.

Dynamic Elasto-Plastic Analysis on the Steel Spatial Arch Truss with 90 m Span and 0.3 Rise-Span Ratio

In this paper, the elasto-plastic dynamic analysis on the steel spatial arch truss with 90 m span and 0.3 rise-span ratio is carried out under earthquake wave with SAP2000. the geometric and material nonlinear effects are considered during the analysis simultaneously based on the plastic hinge theory. Under the action of EL wave with the peak increasing gradually, its elasto-plastic dynamic responses have been obtained. The results show that its failure mode under the earthquake action is elasto-plastic dynamic buckling; that its critical peak acceleration of EL earthquake wave when applied in horizontal direction is 363 gal, and is 408 gal when applied in vertical direction; The ratio of its maximal node horizontal displacement and its structural height is 1/796, and its displacement ductility coefficient is 1.06 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 0.96% when EL-Centro waves applied on structure in horizontal direction; The ratio of its maximal node vertical displacement and its structural span is 1/1418, and its displacement ductility coefficient is1.12 and the ratio of its bars with plastic hinge appearing when buckling is 1.28% when EL-Centro waves applied in vertical direction.

Structural Behavior of Inferior-Deck Spatial Arch Bridges with Imposed Curvature

Spatial arch bridges have significant out-of-plane behavior that must be controlled even under vertical loads. In some designs, the centerline of the arch may not lie within a plane. This study focuses on the structural behavior and the effect of the geometrical configurations of inferior-deck arch bridges with imposed curvature. In this type of spatial arch bridge, the arch and the deck centroid lines are both contained in the same vertical cylinder. The aim of this study is to propose the most appropriate design for controlling the out-of-plane response. A simple analytical model representing the stiffness of the arch, the deck, and a hanger allowed us to determine the main variables that control the behavior of the system. We also analyzed a series of linear three-dimensional-frame finite-element models of the complete bridge. This study demonstrates that nonplanar arches can be approximated by inclined planar arches. These parametric analyses have led to a set of recommended relevant design criteria for such bridges.

Selection and Analysis on the Foundation of Long-Span Spatial Arch Structure

This subject studies the mutual effect between the upper structure and the foundation of the long-span spatial structure in the process of construction, normal use and carrying capacity. It compares different foundation forms which can withstand relatively large levels of thrust. The internal force analysis models of the most common form-prestressed tie rod are established and a systemic design theory about the long-span spatial arch space structure is formed. This subject fills the research gap on the foundation design of the long-span spatial arch structure.