AbstractThis essay treats mudejar architecture in the Spanish region of Extremadura as an expression of coexistence, convergence, and conflict between Christian and Islamic societies. Specifically, it centers on two Extremaduran churches, Santa María in Badajoz and Nuestra Señora de la Concepción in Hornachos, each borne out of a different historical and political situation. These two cases demonstrate that initially the use of Islamic elements in Christian buildings served to reflect the power of the monarchy and of the victorious society on the built environment, but that over time those same forms became an integral part of Christian culture.